Olanzapine as the ideal "trip terminator"? Analysis of online reports relating to antipsychotics' use and misuse following occurrence of novel psychoactive substance-related psychotic symptoms

Human Psychopharmacology

Volumn 30, Issue 4, 2015, Pages 249-254

  Valeriani, Giuseppe ^a   Corazza, Ornella ^b   Bersani, Francesco Saverio ^a,b   Melcore, Claudia ^a   Metastasio, Antonio ^c   Bersani, Giuseppe ^d   Schifano, Fabrizio ^b  

^a SAPIENZA UNIVERSITY OF ROME   (Italy)

^b UNIVERSITY OF HERTFORDSHIRE   (United Kingdom)

^c NORFOLK AND SUFFOLK NHS FOUNDATION TRUST   (United Kingdom)

^d SAPIENZA UNIVERSITY OF ROME   (Italy)

Author keywords

drug misuse; drug induced psychoses; novel psychoactive substances; olanzapine; online reports

Indexed keywords

OLANZAPINE; PSYCHOTROPIC AGENT; ANTIEMETIC AGENT; BENZODIAZEPINE DERIVATIVE;

ARTICLE; DRUG INDUCED DISEASE; DRUG MISUSE; DRUG SELF ADMINISTRATION; DRUG USE; HUMAN; PRESCRIPTION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PSYCHOACTIVE SUBSTANCE INDUCED PSYCHOSIS; PSYCHOSIS; PUBLIC HEALTH; SELF MEDICATION; FEMALE; MALE; ONLINE SYSTEM; PSYCHOLOGY; PSYCHOTIC DISORDERS; STATISTICS AND NUMERICAL DATA; SUBSTANCE-RELATED DISORDERS;

ANTIEMETICS; BENZODIAZEPINES; FEMALE; HUMANS; MALE; ONLINE SYSTEMS; PSYCHOTIC DISORDERS; PSYCHOTROPIC DRUGS; SUBSTANCE-RELATED DISORDERS;

EID: 84938093403     PISSN: 08856222     EISSN: 10991077     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/hup.2431     Document Type: Article

References (69)

1. Bajaj N, Mullen D, Wylie S,. 2010. Dependence and psychosis with 4-methylmethcathinone (mephedrone) use. BMJ Case Rep 3. DOI: 10.1136/bcr.02.2010.2780
2. Bersani G, Orlandi V, Gherardelli S, Pancheri P,. 2002a. Cannabis and neurological soft signs in schizophrenia: absence of relationship and influence on psychopathology. Psychopathology 35 (5): 289-295.
3. Bersani G, Orlandi V, Kotzalidis GD, Pancheri P,. 2002b. Cannabis and schizophrenia: impact on onset, course, psychopathology and outcomes. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 252 (2): 86-92.
4. Bersani FS, Capra E, Minichino A, et al,. 2011. Factors affecting interindividual differences in clozapine response: a review and case report. Hum Psychopharmacol 26 (3): 177-187.
5. Bersani FS, Iannitelli A, Pacitti F, Bersani G,. 2012. Sleep and biorythm disturbances in schizophrenia, mood and anxiety disorders: a review. Riv Psichiatr 47 (5): 365-375.
6. Bersani FS, Corazza O, Simonato P, et al,. 2013. Drops of madness? Recreational misuse of tropicamide collyrium; early warning alerts from Russia and Italy. Gen Hosp Psychiatry 35 (5): 571-573.
7. Bluelight.ru. 2005. How to end an acid trip early? Chlorpromazine? [Internet]. 2005 Oct 10. Retrieved from: http://www.bluelight.ru/vb/archive/index.php/t-224802.html
8. Bluelight.ru. 2007. Best compound to abort an LSD experience. [Internet]. 2007 Jun 22. Retrieved from: http://www.bluelight.ru/vb/archive/index.php/t-322020.html
9. Bluelight.ru. 2008. Zyprexa/olanzapine + mushrooms=. [Internet] 2008 May 13. Retrieved from: http://www.bluelight.ru/vb/threads/376917-Zyprexa-Olanzapine-Mushrooms
10. Bluelight.ru. 2011. Antipsychotic Zyprexa. [Internet] 2011 Mar 9. Retrieved from: http://www.bluelight.ru/vb/archive/index.php/t-560177.html
11. Bramness JG, Gundersen ØH, Guterstam J, et al,. 2012. Amphetamine-induced psychosis-a separate diagnostic entity or primary psychosis triggered in the vulnerable? BMC Psychiatry 12: 221.
12. Brown ES, Nejtek VA, Perantie DC, Rajan Thomas N, Rush AJ,. 2003. Cocaine and amphetamine use in patients with psychiatric illness: a randomized trial of typical antipsychotic continuation or discontinuation. J Clin Psychopharmacol 23 (4): 384-388.
13. Buchanan RW, Ball MP, Weiner E, et al,. 2005. Olanzapine treatment of residual positive and negative symptoms. Am J Psychiatry 162 (1): 124-129.
14. Corazza O, Assi S, Corkery J, et al,. 2011a. Novel drugs, novel solutions: exploring the potential of technological tools for prevention of drug abuse. Ital J Addict 1: 25-30.
15. Corazza O, Schifano F, Farre M, et al,. 2011b. Designer drugs on the Internet: a phenomenon out-of-control? The emergence of hallucinogenic drug Bromo-Dragonfly. Curr Clin Pharmacol 6 (2): 125-129.
16. Corazza O, Schifano F, Simonato P, et al,. 2012. Phenomenon of new drugs on the Internet: the case of ketamine derivative methoxetamine. Hum Psychopharmacol Clin Exp 27 (2): 145-149.
17. Corazza O, Assi S, Simonato P, et al,. 2013. Promoting innovation and excellence to face the rapid diffusion of Novel Psychoactive Substances in the EU: the outcomes of the ReDNet project. Hum Psychopharmacol 28 (4): 317-323.
18. Davey Z, Schifano F, Corazza O, Deluca P,. 2012. e-Psychonauts: conducting research in online drug forum communities. J Ment Health 21 (4): 386-394.
19. Deluca P, Davey Z, Corazza O, et al,. 2012. Identifying emerging trends in recreational drug use; outcomes from the Psychonaut Web Mapping Project. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 39 (2): 221-226.
20. Drugs.com. 2013. Zyprexa images. [Internet] 2013. Accessed 2013 Nov 13. Retrieved from: http://www.drugs.com/zyprexa-images.html
21. Drugs-Forum.com. 2012. Is there a consensus on the best med to abort tryptamines on an emergency? [Internet]. 2012 Feb 1. Retrieved from: http://www.drugs-forum.com/forum/showthread.php?t=205761
22. Drugs-Forum.com. 2013. Threads tagged with olanzapine. [Internet] 2013 Oct 10. Retrieved from: http://www.drugs-forum.com/forum/tags.php?tag=olanzapine
23. Erowid.org. 2006. No recreational value olanzapine. [Internet]. 2006 Mar 24. Retrieved from: http://www.erowid.org/experiences/exp.php?ID=24834
24. Erowid.org. 2007. Mood stabilizers cancel trip mushrooms, olanzapine (Zyprexa) & fluoxetine(Prozac). [Internet]. 2007 Aug 29. Retrieved from: http://www.erowid.org/experiences/exp.php?ID=44850
25. Erowid.org. 2012. Olanzapine. [Internet] 2012 Jan 13. Retrieved from: http://www.erowid.org/pharms/olanzapine/
26. Fattore L, Fratta W,. 2011. Beyond THC: the New generation of cannabinoid designer drugs. Front Behav Neurosci 5: 60.
27. Gelatti U, Pedrazzani R, Marcantoni C, et al,. 2013. 'You've got m@il: fluoxetine coming soon!': accessibility and quality of a prescription drug sold on the web. Int J Drug Policy 24 (5): 392-401.
28. Hallock RM, Dean A, Knecht ZA, Spencer J, Taverna EC,. 2013. A survey of hallucinogenic mushroom use, factors related to usage, and perceptions of use among college students. Drug Alcohol Depend 130 (1-3): 245-248.
29. Heilbronn C, Lloyd B, McElwee P, Eade A, Lubman DI,. 2013. Trends in quetiapine use and non-fatal quetiapine-related ambulance attendances. Drug Alcohol Rev 32 (4): 405-411.
30. Hoyte CO, Jacob J, Monte AA, Al-Jumaan M, Bronstein AC, Heard KJ,. 2012. A characterization of synthetic cannabinoid exposures reported to the National Poison Data System in 2010. Ann Emerg Med 60 (4): 435-438.
31. Hussain MZ, Waheed W, Hussain S,. 2005. Intravenous quetiapine abuse. Am J Psychiatry 162: 1755-1756.
32. Jha A, Fourie H,. 1999. Risperidone treatment of amphetamine psychosis. Br J Psychiatry 174: 366.
33. Juckel G, Schlagenhauf F, Koslowski M, et al,. 2006. Dysfunction of ventral striatal reward prediction in schizophrenic patients treated with typical, not atypical, neuroleptics. Psychopharmacol (Berl) 187 (2): 222-228.
34. Keller M, Blench M, Tolentino H, et al,. 2009. Use of unstructured event-based reports for global infectious disease surveillance. Emerg Infect Dis 15 (5): 689-695.
35. Krebs TS, Johansen PØ,. Psychedelics and mental health: a population study. PLoS One 2013; 19 (8): e63972.
36. Kumsar NA, Erol A,. 2013. Olanzapine abuse. Subst Abus 34 (1): 73-74.
37. Lai CH,. 2010. Olanzapine abuse was relieved after switching to aripiprazole in a patient with psychotic depression. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 34: 1363-1364.
38. Leelahanaj T, Kongsakon R, Netrakom P,. 2005. A 4-week, double-blind comparison of olanzapine with haloperidol in the treatment of amphetamine psychosis. J Med Assoc Thai 88 (3): 43-52.
39. Mangot AG,. 2013. Bad trip due to anticholinergic effect of cannabis. Gen Hosp Psychiatry 35 (6): 682.
40. Mas-Morey P, Visser MH, Winkelmolen L, Touw DJ,. 2013. Clinical toxicology and management of intoxications with synthetic cathinones (« bath salts»). J Pharm Pract 26 (4): 353-357.
41. McIntyre RS, Mancini DA, Srinivasan J, McCann S, Konarski JZ, Kennedy SH,. 2004. The antidepressant effects of risperidone and olanzapine in bipolar disorder. Can J Clin Pharmacol 11 (2): e218-e226.
42. Mead A, Li M, Kapur S,. 2008. Clozapine and olanzapine exhibit an intrinsic anxiolytic property in two conditioned fear paradigms: contrast with haloperidol and chlordiazepoxide. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 90 (4): 551-562.
43. Meredith CW, Jaffe C, Yanasak E, Cherrier M, Saxon AJ,. 2007. An open-label pilot study of risperidone in the treatment of methamphetamine dependence. J Psychoactive Drugs 39: 167-172.
44. Minichino A, Bersani FS, Calò WK, et al,. 2013. Smoking behaviour and mental health disorders-mutual influences and implications for therapy. Int J Environ Res Public Health 10 (10): 4790-4811.
45. Misra L, Kofoed L,. Risperidone treatment of methamphetamine psychosis. Am J Psychiatry 1997; 154 (8): 1170.
46. Murthy P, Chand P,. 2012. Treatment of dual diagnosis disorders. Curr Opin Psychiatry 25 (3): 194-200.
47. Ohno Y, Shimizu S, Tokudome K,. Pathophysiological roles of serotonergic system in regulating extrapyramidal motor functions. Biol Pharm Bull. 2013; 36 (9): 1396-1400.
48. Oluwabusi OO, Lobach L, Akhtar U, Youngman B, Ambrosini PJ,. 2012. Synthetic cannabinoid-induced psychosis: two adolescent cases. J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol 22 (5): 393-395.
49. Papanti D, Schifano F, Botteon G, et al,. 2013. "Spiceophrenia": a systematic overview of "Spice"-related psychopathological issues and a case report. Hum Psychopharmacol Clin Exp 28 (4): 379-389.
50. Potvin S, Stip E, Roy JY,. 2003. Clozapine, quetiapine and olanzapine among addicted schizophrenic patients: towards testable hypotheses. Int Clin Psychopharmacol 18 (3): 121-132.
51. Qualitygenerics.com. 2013. Zyprexa. [Internet]. Retrieved from: https://www.qualitygenerics.com/zyprexa (accessed 2 December 2013).
52. Reeves RR,. 2007. Abuse of olanzapine by substance abusers. J Psychoactive Drugs 39 (3): 297-299.
53. Reeves RR, Brister JC,. 2007. Additional evidence of the abuse potential of quetiapine. South Med J 100: 834-836.
54. Ross EA, Reisfield GM, Watson MC, Chronister CW, Goldberger BA,. 2012. Psychoactive "bath salts" intoxication with methylenedioxypyrovalerone. Am J Med 125 (9): 854-858.
55. Sani G, Simonetti A, Serra G, et al,. 2013. Olanzapine in manic/mixed patients with or without substance abuse. Riv Psichiatr 48 (2): 140-145.
56. Satora L, Goszcz H, Ciszowski K,. 2005. Poisonings resulting from the ingestion of magic mushrooms in Krakõw. Przegl Lek 62 (6): 394-396.
57. Schifano F, Deluca, P, Baldacchino A, et al,. 2006. Drugs on the web; the Psychonaut 2002 EU project. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 30 (4): 640-646.
58. Schifano F, Corazza O, Deluca P, et al,. 2009. Psychoactive drug or mystical incense? Overview of the online available information on Spice products. Int J Cult Ment Health 2 (2): 137-144.
59. Schifano F, Ricciardi A, Corazza O, et al,. 2010. New drugs of abuse on the Web: the role of the Psychonaut Web mapping project. Riv Psichiatr 45 (2): 88-93.
60. Schifano F, Albanese A, Fergus S, et al,. 2011a. Mephedrone (4-methylmethcathinone; 'meow meow'): chemical, pharmacological and clinical issues. Psychopharmacol (Berl) 214 (3): 593-602.
61. Schifano F, D'Offizi S, Piccione M, Corazza O, Deluca P, Davey Z,. 2011b. Is there a recreational misuse potential for pregabalin? Analysis of anecdotal online reports in comparison with related gabapentin and clonazepam data. Psychother Psychosom 80: 118-122.
62. Schifano F, Corazza O, Marchi A, et al,. 2013. Analysis of online reports on the potential misuse of benzydamine. Riv Psichiatr 48: 182-186.
63. Sevy S, Robinson DG, Sunday S, et al,. 2011. Olanzapine vs. risperidone in patients with first-episode schizophrenia and a lifetime history of cannabis use disorders: 16-week clinical and substance use outcomes. Psychiatry Res 188 (3): 310-314.
64. Shoomery.org. 2002. Zyprexa-how does this effect shrooms? [Internet]. 2002 Aug 23. Retrieved from: http://www.shroomery.org/forums/showflat.php/Number/839001
65. Shoomery.org. 2010. Zyprexa-how does this effect shrooms? [Internet] 2010 Feb 22. Retrieved from: http://www.shroomery.org/forums/showflat.php/Number/839001
66. Testa A, Giannuzzi R, Sollazzo F, Petrongolo L, Bernardini L, Dain S,. 2013. Psychiatric emergencies (part II): psychiatric disorders coexisting with organic diseases. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 17 (Suppl 1): 65-85.
67. Thornton SL, Lo J, Clark RF, Wu AH, Gerona RR,. 2012. Simultaneous detection of multiple designer drugs in serum, urine, and CSF in a patient with prolonged psychosis. Clin Toxicol (Phila) 50 (10): 1165-1168.
68. Trachsel D,. 2012. Fluorine in psychedelic phenethylamines. Drug Test Anal 4 (7-8): 577-590.
69. Urban M, Rudecki T, Wrõblewski D, Rabe-Jabłońska J,. 2011. Psychotic disorders related with chronic use of mephedrone. Case report. Psychiatr Pol 45 (3): 431-437.