What can the organization of the brain's default mode network tell us about self-knowledge?

Frontiers in Human Neuroscience

Volumn , Issue JUL, 2013, Pages

  Moran, Joseph M ^a,b   Kelley, William M ^c   Heatherton, Todd F ^c  

^a US Army Natick Soldier Research Development and Engineering Center ^*  (United States)

^b HARVARD UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^c DARTMOUTH COLLEGE   (United States)

Author keywords

Cognitive neuroscience; Default mode network; Medial prefrontal cortex; Posterior cingulate cortex; Self reflection

Indexed keywords

BRAIN REGION; COGNITION; CORTICAL MIDLINE STRUCTURE; DEFAULT MODE NETWORK; FUNCTIONAL MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; HUMAN; MEDIAL PARIETAL CORTEX; MEDIAL PREFRONTAL CORTEX; MEMORY; NERVE CELL NETWORK; PARIETAL CORTEX; POSTERIOR CINGULATE; REVIEW; SELF CONCEPT; SENSORY SYSTEM; SOCIAL NETWORK; THINKING; TRANSCRANIAL MAGNETIC STIMULATION;

EID: 84933671825     PISSN: 16625161     EISSN: 16625161     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2013.00391     Document Type: Review

References (61)

1. Adolphs, R. (2001). The neurobiology of social cognition. Curr Opin Neurobiol 11, 231-239.
2. Amaral, D.G., and Price, J.L. (1984). Amygdalo-cortical projections in the monkey (Macaca fascicularis). J Comp Neurol 230, 465-496.
3. Arikuni, T., Sako, H., and Murata, A. (1994). Ipsilateral connections of the anterior cingulate cortex with the frontal and medial temporal cortices in the macaque monkey. Neurosci Res 21, 19-39.
4. Barbas, H., and Pandya, D.N. (1989). Architecture and intrinsic connections of the prefrontal cortex in the rhesus monkey. J Comp Neurol 286, 353-375.
5. Cavanna, A.E., and Trimble, M.R. (2006). The precuneus: a review of its functional anatomy and behavioural correlates. Brain 129, 564-583.
6. Chen, P.-H.A., Wagner, D.D., Kelley, W.M., Powers, K.E., and Heatherton, T.F. (2013). Medial prefrontal cortex differentiates self from mother in Chinese: evidence from self-motivated immigrants. Culture and Brain, 1-13.
7. Craik, F.I.M., Moroz, T.M., Moscovitch, M., Stuss, D.T., Winocur, G., Tulving, E., and Kapur, S. (1999). In search of the self: A positron emission tomography study. Psychological Science 10, 26-34.
8. D'argembeau, A., Collette, F., Van Der Linden, M., Laureys, S., Del Fiore, G., Degueldre, C., Luxen, A., and Salmon, E. (2005). Self-referential reflective activity and its relationship with rest: a PET study. Neuroimage 25, 616-624.
9. Decharms, R.C., Christoff, K., Glover, G.H., Pauly, J.M., Whitfield, S., and Gabrieli, J.D. (2004). Learned regulation of spatially localized brain activation using real-time fMRI. NeuroImage 21, 436-443.
10. Denny, B.T., Kober, H., Wager, T.D., and Ochsner, K.N. (2012). A meta-analysis of functional neuroimaging studies of self- and other judgments reveals a spatial gradient for mentalizing in medial prefrontal cortex. J Cogn Neurosci 24, 1742-1752.
11. Dunbar, R.I. (1998). The social brain hypothesis. Brain 9, 10.
12. Dunbar, R.I. (2009). The social brain hypothesis and its implications for social evolution. Ann Hum Biol 36, 562-572.
13. Fossati, P., Hevenor, S.J., Lepage, M., Graham, S.J., Grady, C., Keightley, M.L., Craik, F., and Mayberg, H. (2004). Distributed self in episodic memory: neural correlates of successful retrieval of self-encoded positive and negative personality traits. Neuroimage 22, 1596-1604.
14. Fox, M.D., Snyder, A.Z., Vincent, J.L., Corbetta, M., Van Essen, D.C., and Raichle, M.E. (2005). The human brain is intrinsically organized into dynamic, anticorrelated functional networks. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 102, 9673-9678.
15. Gallotti, M., and Frith, C.D. (2013). Social cognition in the we-mode. Trends in Cognitive Sciences.
16. Goldman-Rakic, P.S. (1987). "Circuitry of primate prefrontal cortex and regulation of behavior by representational memory," in Comprehensive Physiology, ed. F. Plum. (Bethesda, MD: American Physiological Society), 373-417.
17. Gordon, R.M. (1986). Folk psychology as simulation. Mind & Language 1, 158-171.
18. Greenwald, A.G., and Banaji, M.R. (1989). The Self as a Memory System - Powerful, but Ordinary. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 57, 41-54.
19. Greicius, M.D., Krasnow, B., Reiss, A.L., and Menon, V. (2003). Functional connectivity in the resting brain: a network analysis of the default mode hypothesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 100, 253-258.
20. Gusnard, D.A., Akbudak, E., Shulman, G.L., and Raichle, M.E. (2001). Medial prefrontal cortex and self-referential mental activity: Relation to a default mode of brain function. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 98, 4259-4264.
21. Heatherton, T.F. (2011). Building a social brain. Oxford series in social cognition and social neuroscience. Social neuroscience: Toward understanding the underpinnings of the social mind, 274-283.
22. Heatherton, T.F., Wyland, C.L., Macrae, C.N., Demos, K.E., Denny, B.T., and Kelley, W.M. (2006). Medial prefrontal activity differentiates self from close others. Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience 1, 18.
23. Hinds, O., Ghosh, S., Thompson, T.W., Yoo, J.J., Whitfield-Gabrieli, S., Triantafyllou, C., and Gabrieli, J.D. (2011). Computing moment-to-moment BOLD activation for real-time neurofeedback. NeuroImage 54, 361-368.
24. Jacobs, B., Schall, M., Prather, M., Kapler, E., Driscoll, L., Baca, S., Jacobs, J., Ford, K., Wainwright, M., and Treml, M. (2001). Regional dendritic and spine variation in human cerebral cortex: a quantitative golgi study. Cereb Cortex 11, 558-571.
25. Johnson, S.C., Baxter, L.C., Wilder, L.S., Pipe, J.G., Heiserman, J.E., and Prigatano, G.P. (2002). Neural correlates of self-reflection. Brain 125, 1808-1814.
26. Kelley, W.M., Macrae, C.N., Wyland, C.L., Caglar, S., Inati, S., and Heatherton, T.F. (2002). Finding the self? An event-related fMRI study. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 14, 785-794.
27. Kjaer, T.W., Nowak, M., and Lou, H.C. (2002). Reflective self-awareness and conscious states: PET evidence for a common midline parietofrontal core. Neuroimage 17, 1080-1086.
28. Klein, S.B., Chan, R.L., and Loftus, J. (1999). Independence of episodic and semantic selfknowledge: The case from autism. Social Cognition 17, 413-436.
29. Krienen, F.M., Tu, P.C., and Buckner, R.L. (2010). Clan mentality: evidence that the medial prefrontal cortex responds to close others. J Neurosci 30, 13906-13915.
30. Lewis, P.A., Rezaie, R., Brown, R., Roberts, N., and Dunbar, R.I. (2011). Ventromedial prefrontal volume predicts understanding of others and social network size. NeuroImage 57, 1624-1629.
31. Macrae, C.N., Moran, J.M., Heatherton, T.F., Banfield, J.F., and Kelley, W.M. (2004). Medial prefrontal activity predicts memory for self. Cereb Cortex 14, 647-654.
32. Martinez Mateo, M., Cabanis, M., Stenmanns, J., and Krach, S. (2013). Essentializing the Binary Self: Individualism and Collectivism in Cultural Neuroscience. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 7.
33. Mason, M.F., Norton, M.I., Van Horn, J.D., Wegner, D.M., Grafton, S.T., and Macrae, C.N. (2007). Wandering minds: the default network and stimulus-independent thought. Science 315, 393-395.
34. Mitchell, J.P., Macrae, C.N., and Banaji, M.R. (2006). Dissociable medial prefrontal contributions to judgments of similar and dissimilar others. Neuron 50, 655-663.
35. Moran, J.M., Lee, S.M., and Gabrieli, J.D. (2011). Dissociable neural systems supporting knowledge about human character and appearance in ourselves and others. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 23, 2222-2230.
36. Moran, J.M., Macrae, C.N., Heatherton, T.F., Wyland, C.L., and Kelley, W.M. (2006). Neuroanatomical evidence for distinct cognitive and affective components of self. J Cogn Neurosci 18, 1586-1594.
37. Moran, M., Mufson, E., and Mesulam, M.A. (1987). Neural inputs into the temporopolar cortex of the rhesus monkey. Journal of Comparative Neurology 256, 88-103.
38. Morecraft, R.J., and Van Hoesen, G.W. (1993). Frontal granular cortex input to the cingulated (M3), supplementary (M2) and primary (M1) motor cortices in the rhesus monkey. J Comp Neurol 337, 669-689.
39. Northoff, G., and Bermpohl, F. (2004). Cortical midline structures and the self. Trends in Cognitive Sciences 8, 102-107.
40. Northoff, G., Heinzel, A., De Greck, M., Bermpohl, F., Dobrowolny, H., and Panksepp, J. (2006). Self-referential processing in our brain-A meta-analysis of imaging studies on the self. Neuroimage.
41. Ongur, D., Ferry, A.T., and Price, J.L. (2003). Architectonic subdivision of the human orbital and medial prefrontal cortex. J Comp Neurol 460, 425-449.
42. Passingham, R.E., Stephan, K.E., and Kotter, R. (2002). The anatomical basis of functional localization in the cortex. Nat Rev Neurosci 3, 606-616.
43. Petrides, M., and Pandya, D.N. (1999). Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex: comparative cytoarchitectonic analysis in the human and the macaque brain and corticocortical connection patterns. Eur J Neurosci 11, 1011-1036.
44. Phan, K.L., Taylor, S.F., Welsh, R.C., Ho, S.H., Britton, J.C., and Liberzon, I. (2004). Neural correlates of individual ratings of emotional salience: a trial-related fMRI study. Neuroimage 21, 768-780.
45. Philippi, C.L., Duff, M.C., Denburg, N.L., Tranel, D., and Rudrauf, D. (2012). Medial PFC damage abolishes the self-reference effect. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 24, 475-481.
46. Qin, P., and Northoff, G. (2011). How is our self related to midline regions and the default-mode network? NeuroImage 57, 1221-1233.
47. Raichle, M.E., Macleod, A.M., Snyder, A.Z., Powers, W.J., Gusnard, D.A., and Shulman, G.L. (2001). A default mode of brain function. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 98, 676-682.
48. Ruby, P., and Decety, J. (2001). Effect of subjective perspective taking during simulation of action: a PET investigation of agency. Nat Neurosci 4, 546-550.
49. Schneider, F., Bermpohl, F., Heinzel, A., Rotte, M., Walter, M., Tempelmann, C., Wiebking, C., Dobrowolny, H., Heinze, H.J., and Northoff, G. (2008). The resting brain and our self: self-relatedness modulates resting state neural activity in cortical midline structures. Neuroscience 157, 120-131.
50. Semendeferi, K., Armstrong, E., Schleicher, A., Zilles, K., and Van Hoesen, G.W. (2001). Prefrontal cortex in humans and apes: a comparative study of area 10. Am J Phys Anthropol 114, 224-241.
51. Shulman, G.L., Fiez, J.A., Corbetta, M., Buckner, R.L., Miezin, F.M., Raichle, M.E., and Petersen, S.E. (1997). Common blood flow changes across visual tasks.2. Decreases in cerebral cortex. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 9, 648-663.
52. Smallwood, J., Beach, E., Schooler, J.W., and Handy, T.C. (2008). Going AWOL in the brain: Mind wandering reduces cortical analysis of external events. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 20, 458-469.
53. Soon, C.S., Brass, M., Heinze, H-J., and Haynes, J-D. (2008). Unconscious determinants of free decisions in the human brain. Nat Neurosci 11, 543-545.
54. Spreng, R.N., Mar, R.A., and Kim, A.S. (2009). The common neural basis of autobiographical memory, prospection, navigation, theory of mind, and the default mode: a quantitative meta-analysis. J Cogn Neurosci 21, 489-510.
55. Vanderwal, T., Hunyadi, E., Grupe, D.W., Connors, C.M., and Schultz, R.T. (2008). Self, mother and abstract other: an fMRI study of reflective social processing. NeuroImage 41, 1437.
56. Vernet, M., Bashir, S., Yoo, W.K., Perez, J.M., Najib, U., and Pascual-Leone, A. (2013). Insights on the neural basis of motor plasticity induced by theta burst stimulation from TMS-EEG. Eur J Neurosci 37, 598-606.
57. Wagner, D.D., Haxby, J.V., and Heatherton, T.F. (2012). The Representation of Self and Person Knowledge in the Medial Prefrontal Cortex. Wiley Interdiscip Rev Cogn Sci 3, 451-470.
58. Whitfield-Gabrieli, S., Moran, J.M., Nieto-Castanon, A., Triantafyllou, C., Saxe, R., and Gabrieli, J.D. (2011). Associations and dissociations between default and self-reference networks in the human brain. NeuroImage 55, 225-232.
59. Wicker, B., Ruby, P., Royet, J.P., and Fonlupt, P. (2003). A relation between rest and the self in the brain? Brain Res Brain Res Rev 43, 224-230.
60. Zhang, L., Zhou, T., Zhang, J., Liu, Z., Fan, J., and Zhu, Y. (2006). In search of the Chinese self: An fMRI study. Science in China Series C 49, 89-96.
61. Zhu, Y., Zhang, L., Fan, J., and Han, S. (2007). Neural basis of cultural influence on selfrepresentation. NeuroImage 34, 1310-1316.