Experimental examination of worry among older and young adults

International Psychogeriatrics

Volumn 27, Issue 7, 2015, Pages 1177-1190

  Gould, Christine E ^a   Gerolimatos, Lindsay A ^a   Edelstein, Barry A ^a   Pachana, Nancy A ^b   Oude Voshaar, Richard C ^b  

^a WEST VIRGINIA UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b NONE

Author keywords

Aging; Anxiety

Indexed keywords

ADULT; AFFECT; AGE; AGED; ANXIETY; AROUSAL; ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; DEPRESSION; EMOTION; FEMALE; HEART RATE; HOSTILITY; HUMAN; MALE; MULTIPLE AFFECT ADJECTIVE CHECKLIST REVISED; PATIENT WORRY; PENN STATE WORRY QUESTIONNAIRE; PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGY; SELF ASSESSMENTMANIKEN AROUSAL ITEM; SELF REPORT; WORRY INTENSITY ITEM; YOUNG ADULT; ADOLESCENT; COMPARATIVE STUDY; MIDDLE AGED; NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL TEST; PSYCHOLOGICAL RATING SCALE; PSYCHOMETRY; SELF EVALUATION; VERY ELDERLY;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AGED; AGED, 80 AND OVER; ANXIETY; DEPRESSION; FEMALE; HUMANS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL TESTS; PSYCHIATRIC STATUS RATING SCALES; PSYCHOMETRICS; SELF REPORT; SELF-ASSESSMENT; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 84931827705     PISSN: 10416102     EISSN: 1741203X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1017/S1041610214000891     Document Type: Article

References (39)

1. Andor, T., Gerlach, A. L. and Rist, F. (2008). Superior perception of phasic physiological arousal and the detrimental consequences of the conviction to be aroused on worrying and metacognitions in GAD. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 117, 193-205. doi:10.1037/0021-843X.117.1.193
2. Andreescu, C. et al. (2011). Altered cerebral blood flow patterns associated with pathological worry in the elderly. Depression and Anxiety, 28, 202-209. doi:10.100/da.20799.
3. Andrews, V. H. and Borkovec, T. D. (1988). The differential effects of inductions of worry, somatic anxiety, and depression on emotional experience. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Research, 19, 21-26. doi:10.1016/0005-7916(88)90006-7.
4. Basevitz, P., Pushkar, D., Chaikelson, J, Conway, M. and Dalton, C. (2008). Age-related differences in worry and related processes. International Journal of Aging and Human Development, 66, 283-305. doi:10/21/90/AG.66.4.b.
5. Beck, J., Stanley, M. and Zebb, B. (1995). Psychometric properties of the Penn State Worry Questionnaire in older adults. Journal of Clinical Geropsychology, 1, 33-42.
6. Bradley, M. M. and Lang, P. J. (1994). Measuring emotion: the self-assessment manikin and the semantic differential. Journal of Behavioral Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 25, 49-59.
7. Bray, J. H. and Maxwell, S. E. (1985). Multivariate Analysis of Variance, issue 44. Newbury Park, CA: Sage Publications, Inc.
8. Brose, A., Schmiedek, F., Lövdén, M. and Lindenberger, U. (2011). Normal aging dampens the link between intrusive thoughts and negative affect in reaction to daily stressors. Psychology and Aging, 26, 488-502. doi:10.1037/a0022287.
9. Brose, A., Scheibe, S. and Schmiedek, F. (2013). Life contexts make a difference: emotional stability in younger and older adults. Psychology and Aging, 28, 148-159. doi:10.1037/a0030047.
10. Brosschot, J. F., Gerin, W. and Thayer, J. F. (2006). The perseverative cognition hypothesis: a review of worry, prolonged stress-related physiological activation, and health. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 60, 113-124. doi:10.1016/j.jpsychores.2005.06.074.
11. Brosschot, J. F., Van Dijk, E. and Thayer, J. F. (2007). Daily worry is related to low heart rate variability during waking and the subsequent nocturnal sleep period. International Journal of Psychophysiology, 63, 39-47. doi:10.1016/j.jpsycho.2006.07.016.
12. Clark, L. A. and Watson, D. (1991). Tripartitie model of anxiety and depression: psychometric evidence and taxonomic implications. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 100, 316-336. doi: 10.1037/0021-843X.100.3.316.
13. de Beurs, E. et al. (1999). Consequences of anxiety in older persons: its effect on disability, well-being and use of health services. Psychological Medicine, 22, 583-593.
14. Fox, L. S. and Knight, B. G. (2005). The effects of anxiety on attentional processes in older adults. Aging & Mental Health, 9, 585-593. doi:10/1080/13607860500294282.
15. Goodie, J. L., Larkin, K. T. and Schauss, S. (2000). Validation of Polar heart rate monitor for assessing heart rate during physical and mental stress. Journal of Psychophysiology, 14, 159-164. doi:10.1027//0269-8803.14.3.159.
16. Gould, C. E. and Edelstein, B. A. (2010). Worry, emotion control, and anxiety control in older and young adults. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 24, 759-766. doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2010.05.009.
17. Kubzansky, L. D. et al. (1997). Is worrying bad for your heart? A prospective study of worry and coronary heart disease in the Normative Aging Study. Circulation, 95, 818-824. doi:10.1161/01.CIR.95.4.818.
18. Kunzmann, U. and Grühn, D. (2005). Age differences in emotional reactivity: the sample case of sadness. Psychology and Aging, 20, 47-59. doi:10.1037/0882-7974.20.1.47.
19. Levenson, R. W. (2000). Expressive, physiological, and subjective changes in emotion across adulthood. In S. H. Quails and N. Abeles (eds.), Psychology and the Aging Revolution. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
20. Llera, S. J. and Newman, M. G. (2010). Effects of worry on physiological and subjective reactivity to emotional stimuli in generalized anxiety disorder and nonanxious control participants. Emotion, 10, 640-650. doi:10.1037/a0019351.
21. rd edn. San Diego, CA: Educational and Industrial Testing Service.
22. Luis, C. A., Keegan, A. P. and Mullan, M. (2009). Cross validation of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment in community dwelling older adults residing in the southeastern US. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 24, 197-201. doi:10.1002/gps.2101.
23. McLaughlin, K. A., Borkovec, T. D. and Sibrava, N. J. (2007a). The effects of worry and rumination on affect states and cognitive activity. Behavior Therapy, 38, 23-38. doi:10.1016/j.beth.2006.03.003.
24. McLaughlin, K. A., Mennin, D. S. and Farach, F. J. (2007b). The contributory role of worry in emotion generation and dysregulation in generalized anxiety disorder. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 45, 1735-1752. doi:10.1016/j.brat.2006.12.004.
25. Meyer, T. J., Miller, M. L, Metzger, R. L. and Borkovec, T. D. (1990). Development and validation of the Penn State Worry Questionnaire. Behavior Research and Therapy, 28, 487-495. doi:10.1016/0005-7967(90)90135-6.
26. Nasreddine, Z. A. et al. (2005). The Montreal Cognitive Assessment, MoCA: a brief screening tool for mild cognitive impairment. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 53, 695-699. doi:10.1111/j.1532-5415.2005.53221.x.
27. Newman, M. G. and Llera, S. J. (2011). A novel theory of experimental avoidance in generalized anxiety disorder: a review and synthesis of research supporting a contrast avoidance model of worry. Clinical Psychology Review, 31, 371-382. doi:10.1016/j/cpr/2011/01/008.
28. Newman, M. G., Llera, S. J., Erickson, T. M., Przeworski, A. and Castonguay, L. G. (2013). Worry and generalized anxiety disorder: a review and theoretical synthesis of evidence on nature, etiology, mechanisms, and treatment. Annual Review of Clinical Psychology, 9, 275-297. doi:10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-050212-185544.
29. Niskanen, J., Tarvainen, M., Ranta-aho, P. and Karjalainen, P. (2004). Software for advanced HRV analysis. Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine, 76, 73-81.
30. Seider, B. H., Shiota, M. N., Whalen, P. and Levenson, R. W. (2011). Greater sadness reactivity in late life. Social Cognition and Affective Neuroscience, 6, 186-194. doi:10.1093/scan/nsq069
31. Startup, H. M. and Erickson, T. M. (2007). The Penn State Worry Questionnaire (PSWQ). In G. C. L. Davey and A. Wells (eds.), Worry and its Psychological Disorders: Theory, Assessment and Treatment (pp. 101-119). West Sussex, England: John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
32. Teachman, B. A. and Gordon, T. (2009). Age differences in anxious responding: older and calmer, unless the trigger is physical. Psychology and Aging, 24, 703-714. doi:10.1037/a0016813
33. Thayer, J. F., Friedman, B. H. and Borkovec, T. D. (1996). Autonomic characteristics of generalized anxiety disorder and worry. Biological Psychiatry, 39, 255-266. doi:10.1016/0006-3223(95)00136-0.
34. Thayer, J. F., Yamamoto, S. S. and Brosschot, J. F. (2010). The relationship of autonomic imbalance, heart rate variability, and cardiovascular disease risk factors. International Journal of Cardiology, 141, 122-131. doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2009.09.543
35. Tsuji, H. et al. (1994). Reduced heart rate variability and mortality risk in an elderly cohort. The Framingham Heart Study. Circulation, 90, 878-883. doi:10.1161/01.CIR.90.2.878.
36. Uchino, B. N., Birmingham, W. and Berg, C. A. (2010). Are older adults less or more physiologically reactive? A meta-analysis of age-related differences in cardiovascular reactivity to laboratory tasks. Journals of Gerontology: Psychological Sciences, 65B, 154-162. doi:10.1093/geronb.gbp127.
37. Wetherell, J. L. et al. (2004) Quality of life in geriatric generalized anxiety disorder: a preliminary investigation. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 38, 305-312. doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2003.09.003.
38. Wrzus, C., Müller, V., Wagner, G. G., Lindenberger, U. and Riediger, M. (2013). Affective and cardiovascular responding to unpleasant events from adolescence to old age: complexity of events matters. Developmental Psychology, 49, 384-397. doi:10.1037/a0028325.
39. nd edn. San Diego, CA: Educational and Industrial Testing Service.