메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 61, Issue 3, 2015, Pages 117-124

Rehabilitation that incorporates virtual reality is more effective than standard rehabilitation for improving walking speed, balance and mobility after stroke: A systematic review

Author keywords

Postural balance; Stroke rehabilitation; Virtual reality exposure therapy; Walking

Indexed keywords

BODY EQUILIBRIUM; CEREBROVASCULAR ACCIDENT; COMPUTER INTERFACE; GAIT; HUMAN; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; PHYSIOLOGY; PHYSIOTHERAPY; PROCEDURES; STROKE REHABILITATION; WALKING;

EID: 84931060980     PISSN: 18369553     EISSN: 18369561     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.jphys.2015.05.017     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (231)

References (65)
  • 1
    • 0842321068 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Community ambulation after stroke: how important and obtainable is it and what measures appear predictive?
    • Lord S.E., McPherson K., McNaughton H.K., Rochester L., Weatherall M. Community ambulation after stroke: how important and obtainable is it and what measures appear predictive?. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2004, 85:234-239.
    • (2004) Arch Phys Med Rehabil. , vol.85 , pp. 234-239
    • Lord, S.E.1    McPherson, K.2    McNaughton, H.K.3    Rochester, L.4    Weatherall, M.5
  • 2
    • 35548945781 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Goal priorities identified through client-centred measurement in individuals with chronic stroke
    • Harris J.E., Eng J.J. Goal priorities identified through client-centred measurement in individuals with chronic stroke. Physiother Can. 2004, 56:171-176.
    • (2004) Physiother Can. , vol.56 , pp. 171-176
    • Harris, J.E.1    Eng, J.J.2
  • 3
    • 84876109403 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of task-specific and impairment-based training compared with usual care on functional walking ability after inpatient stroke rehabilitation: LEAPS Trial
    • Nadeau S.E., Wu S.S., Dobkin B.H., Azen S.P., Rose D.K., Tilson J.K., et al. Effects of task-specific and impairment-based training compared with usual care on functional walking ability after inpatient stroke rehabilitation: LEAPS Trial. Neurorehabil Neural Repair. 2013, 27:370-380.
    • (2013) Neurorehabil Neural Repair. , vol.27 , pp. 370-380
    • Nadeau, S.E.1    Wu, S.S.2    Dobkin, B.H.3    Azen, S.P.4    Rose, D.K.5    Tilson, J.K.6
  • 4
    • 22044447328 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Factors influencing stroke survivors' quality of life during subacute recovery
    • Nichols-Larsen D.S., Clark P.C., Zeringue A., Greenspan A., Blanton S. Factors influencing stroke survivors' quality of life during subacute recovery. Stroke. 2005, 36:1480-1484.
    • (2005) Stroke. , vol.36 , pp. 1480-1484
    • Nichols-Larsen, D.S.1    Clark, P.C.2    Zeringue, A.3    Greenspan, A.4    Blanton, S.5
  • 8
    • 0036727150 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Virtual reality augmented rehabilitation for patients following stroke
    • Merians A., Jack D., Boian R., Tremaine M., Burdea G., Adamovich S., et al. Virtual reality augmented rehabilitation for patients following stroke. Phys Ther. 2002, 82:898-915.
    • (2002) Phys Ther. , vol.82 , pp. 898-915
    • Merians, A.1    Jack, D.2    Boian, R.3    Tremaine, M.4    Burdea, G.5    Adamovich, S.6
  • 9
    • 20544477178 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Virtual environments for motor rehabilitation: review
    • Holden M.K. Virtual environments for motor rehabilitation: review. Cyberpsychol Behav. 2005, 3:187-207.
    • (2005) Cyberpsychol Behav. , vol.3 , pp. 187-207
    • Holden, M.K.1
  • 10
    • 33645698397 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Virtual reality in neurorehabilitation
    • Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, M. Selzer, L. Cohen, F. Gage, S. Clarke, P. Duncan (Eds.)
    • Weiss P., Kizony R., Feintuch U., Katz N. Virtual reality in neurorehabilitation. Textbook of Neural Repair and Rehabilitation 2006, 182-197. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK. M. Selzer, L. Cohen, F. Gage, S. Clarke, P. Duncan (Eds.).
    • (2006) Textbook of Neural Repair and Rehabilitation , pp. 182-197
    • Weiss, P.1    Kizony, R.2    Feintuch, U.3    Katz, N.4
  • 11
    • 0000564575 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Measuring presence in virtual environments: a presence questionnaire
    • Witmer B.G., Singer M.J. Measuring presence in virtual environments: a presence questionnaire. Presence. 1998, 7:225-240.
    • (1998) Presence. , vol.7 , pp. 225-240
    • Witmer, B.G.1    Singer, M.J.2
  • 12
    • 84860765665 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A note on presence terminology
    • PRESENCE - Connect [On-line].[accessed 29 April 2015].
    • Slater M. A note on presence terminology. PRESENCE - Connect [On-line] http://s3.amazonaws.com/publicationslist.org/data/melslater/ref-201/a%20note%20on%20presence%20terminology.pdf.[accessed 29 April 2015].
    • Slater, M.1
  • 13
    • 20344373900 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A SWOT analysis of the field of virtual reality rehabilitation and therapy
    • Rizzo A., Kim G. A SWOT analysis of the field of virtual reality rehabilitation and therapy. Presence. 2005, 14:119-146.
    • (2005) Presence. , vol.14 , pp. 119-146
    • Rizzo, A.1    Kim, G.2
  • 14
    • 33646744245 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Feasibility, motivation and selective motor control: virtual reality compared to conventional home exercise in children with cerebral palsy
    • Bryanton C., Bosse J., Brien M., McLean J., McCormick A., Sveistrup H. Feasibility, motivation and selective motor control: virtual reality compared to conventional home exercise in children with cerebral palsy. Cyberpsychol Behav. 2006, 9:123-128.
    • (2006) Cyberpsychol Behav. , vol.9 , pp. 123-128
    • Bryanton, C.1    Bosse, J.2    Brien, M.3    McLean, J.4    McCormick, A.5    Sveistrup, H.6
  • 15
    • 15244358260 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Motor rehabilitation using virtual reality
    • Sveistrup H. Motor rehabilitation using virtual reality. J Neuroeng Rehabil. 2004, 1:10.
    • (2004) J Neuroeng Rehabil. , vol.1 , pp. 10
    • Sveistrup, H.1
  • 16
    • 0032905675 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • VREPAR projects: the use of virtual environments in psycho-neuro-physiological assessment and rehabilitation
    • Riva G., Bacchetta M., Baruff M., Borgomainerio E., De-France C., Gatti F., et al. VREPAR projects: the use of virtual environments in psycho-neuro-physiological assessment and rehabilitation. Cyberpsychol Behav. 1999, 2:69-79.
    • (1999) Cyberpsychol Behav. , vol.2 , pp. 69-79
    • Riva, G.1    Bacchetta, M.2    Baruff, M.3    Borgomainerio, E.4    De-France, C.5    Gatti, F.6
  • 17
    • 10744223959 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A virtual reality system for the assessment and rehabilitation of the activities of daily living
    • Lee J.H., Ku J., Cho W., Hahn W.Y., Kim I.Y., Lee S.L., et al. A virtual reality system for the assessment and rehabilitation of the activities of daily living. Cyberpsychol Behav. 2003, 6:383-388.
    • (2003) Cyberpsychol Behav. , vol.6 , pp. 383-388
    • Lee, J.H.1    Ku, J.2    Cho, W.3    Hahn, W.Y.4    Kim, I.Y.5    Lee, S.L.6
  • 19
    • 0038441657 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Design and testing of a virtual environment to train stroke patients with unilateral spatial neglect to cross a street safely
    • Weiss P.L., Naveh Y., Katz N. Design and testing of a virtual environment to train stroke patients with unilateral spatial neglect to cross a street safely. Occ Ther Int. 2003, 10:39-55.
    • (2003) Occ Ther Int. , vol.10 , pp. 39-55
    • Weiss, P.L.1    Naveh, Y.2    Katz, N.3
  • 20
    • 28544434255 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interactive virtual environment training for safe street crossing of right hemisphere stroke patients with unilateral spatial neglect
    • Katz N., Ring H., Naveh Y., Kizony R., Feintuch U., Weiss P. Interactive virtual environment training for safe street crossing of right hemisphere stroke patients with unilateral spatial neglect. Disabil Rehabil. 2005, 27:1235-1243.
    • (2005) Disabil Rehabil. , vol.27 , pp. 1235-1243
    • Katz, N.1    Ring, H.2    Naveh, Y.3    Kizony, R.4    Feintuch, U.5    Weiss, P.6
  • 21
    • 15244358260 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Motor rehabilitation using virtual reality
    • Sveistrup H. Motor rehabilitation using virtual reality. J Neuroeng Rehabil. 2004, 1:10.
    • (2004) J Neuroeng Rehabil. , vol.1 , pp. 10
    • Sveistrup, H.1
  • 22
    • 84900302218 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Virtual reality therapy for adults post-stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis exploring virtual environments and commercial games in therapy
    • Lohse K.R., Hilderman C.G., Cheung K.L., Tatla S., Van der Loos H.F. Virtual reality therapy for adults post-stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis exploring virtual environments and commercial games in therapy. PLoS One. 2014, 9:e93318.
    • (2014) PLoS One. , vol.9 , pp. e93318
    • Lohse, K.R.1    Hilderman, C.G.2    Cheung, K.L.3    Tatla, S.4    Van der Loos, H.F.5
  • 23
    • 79951598833 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Virtual reality in stroke rehabilitation: a meta-analysis and implications for clinicians
    • Saposnik G., Levin M., SORCan Working Group Virtual reality in stroke rehabilitation: a meta-analysis and implications for clinicians. Stroke. 2011, 42:1380-1386.
    • (2011) Stroke. , vol.42 , pp. 1380-1386
    • Saposnik, G.1    Levin, M.2    SORCan Working, Group3
  • 25
    • 84924268772 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Virtual reality rehabilitation from social cognitive and motor learning theoretical perspectives in stroke population
    • 594-540
    • Imam B., Jarus T. Virtual reality rehabilitation from social cognitive and motor learning theoretical perspectives in stroke population. Rehabil Res Pract. 2014, 2014. 594-540.
    • (2014) Rehabil Res Pract. , vol.2014
    • Imam, B.1    Jarus, T.2
  • 27
    • 80255132641 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • National Stroke Audit Rehabilitation Services
    • Melbourne
    • National Stroke Foundation. National Stroke Audit Rehabilitation Services. Melbourne, 2010.
    • (2010)
  • 28
    • 84991847287 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • [Internet].[accessed 17 April 2012].
    • Wiihabilitation [Internet]. Available from http://wiihabilitation.co.uk.[accessed 17 April 2012].
  • 29
    • 84889036730 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Design considerations for a theory-driven exergame-based rehabilitation program to improve walking of persons with stroke
    • Wüest S., van de Langenberg R., de Bruin E.D. Design considerations for a theory-driven exergame-based rehabilitation program to improve walking of persons with stroke. Eur Rev Aging Phys Act. 2014, 11:119-129.
    • (2014) Eur Rev Aging Phys Act. , vol.11 , pp. 119-129
    • Wüest, S.1    van de Langenberg, R.2    de Bruin, E.D.3
  • 30
    • 35548949004 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gait training strategies to optimize walking ability in people with stroke: a synthesis of the evidence
    • Eng J.J., Tang P.F. Gait training strategies to optimize walking ability in people with stroke: a synthesis of the evidence. Expert Rev Neurother. 2007, 7:1417-1436.
    • (2007) Expert Rev Neurother. , vol.7 , pp. 1417-1436
    • Eng, J.J.1    Tang, P.F.2
  • 31
    • 34250665790 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of balance training on gait late after stroke: a randomized controlled trial
    • Yavuzer G., Eser F., Karakus D., Karaoglan B., Stam H.J. The effects of balance training on gait late after stroke: a randomized controlled trial. Clin Rehabil. 2006, 20:960-969.
    • (2006) Clin Rehabil. , vol.20 , pp. 960-969
    • Yavuzer, G.1    Eser, F.2    Karakus, D.3    Karaoglan, B.4    Stam, H.J.5
  • 33
    • 84991859718 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New York, USA: Thomson Reuters. U.S. patent No B, 082, 241., 1988
    • Endnote X7 Software. 1988-2013 New York, USA: Thomson Reuters. U.S. patent No B, 082, 241.
    • (2013)
  • 35
    • 0017205697 scopus 로고
    • Experience from a multicentre stroke register: a preliminary report
    • Hatano S. Experience from a multicentre stroke register: a preliminary report. Bull World Health Organ. 1976, 54:541-553.
    • (1976) Bull World Health Organ. , vol.54 , pp. 541-553
    • Hatano, S.1
  • 36
    • 0034829602 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The application of virtual reality technology in rehabilitation
    • Schultheis M., Rizzo A. The application of virtual reality technology in rehabilitation. Rehabil Psychol. 2001, 46:296-311.
    • (2001) Rehabil Psychol. , vol.46 , pp. 296-311
    • Schultheis, M.1    Rizzo, A.2
  • 38
    • 0028954355 scopus 로고
    • The Balance Scale: reliability assessment with elderly residents and patients with an acute stroke
    • Berg K., Wood-Dauphinee S., Williams J.I. The Balance Scale: reliability assessment with elderly residents and patients with an acute stroke. Scand J Rehabil Med. 1995, 27:27-36.
    • (1995) Scand J Rehabil Med. , vol.27 , pp. 27-36
    • Berg, K.1    Wood-Dauphinee, S.2    Williams, J.I.3
  • 39
    • 0036219347 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analysis and comparison of the psychometric properties of three balance measures for stroke patients
    • Mao H.F., Hsueh I.P., Tang P.F., Sheu C.F., Hsieh C.L. Analysis and comparison of the psychometric properties of three balance measures for stroke patients. Stroke 2002, 33:1022-1027.
    • (2002) Stroke , vol.33 , pp. 1022-1027
    • Mao, H.F.1    Hsueh, I.P.2    Tang, P.F.3    Sheu, C.F.4    Hsieh, C.L.5
  • 40
    • 84991846012 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • [Computer program]. Version 5.1. Copenhagen: The Nordic Cochrane Centre, The Cochrane Collaboration
    • Review Manager (RevMan) [Computer program]. Version 5.1. Copenhagen: The Nordic Cochrane Centre, The Cochrane Collaboration, 2011.
    • (2011)
  • 43
    • 84924245985 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Does the inclusion of virtual reality games within conventional rehabilitation enhance balance retraining after a recent episode of stroke?
    • 649-561
    • Rajaratnam B.S., Gui Kaien J., Lee Jialin K., Sweesin K., Sim Fenru S., Enting L., et al. Does the inclusion of virtual reality games within conventional rehabilitation enhance balance retraining after a recent episode of stroke?. Rehabil Res Pract. 2013, 2013. 649-561.
    • (2013) Rehabil Res Pract. , vol.2013
    • Rajaratnam, B.S.1    Gui Kaien, J.2    Lee Jialin, K.3    Sweesin, K.4    Sim Fenru, S.5    Enting, L.6
  • 44
    • 60549105219 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of training with a robot-virtual reality system compared with a robot alone on the gait of individuals after stroke
    • Mirelman A., Bonato P., Deutsch J.E. Effects of training with a robot-virtual reality system compared with a robot alone on the gait of individuals after stroke. Stroke. 2009, 40:169-174.
    • (2009) Stroke. , vol.40 , pp. 169-174
    • Mirelman, A.1    Bonato, P.2    Deutsch, J.E.3
  • 45
    • 84901801104 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The efficacy of balance training with video game-based therapy in subacute stroke patients: a randomized controlled trial
    • Morone G., Tramontano M., Iosa M., Shofany J., Iemma A., Musicco M., et al. The efficacy of balance training with video game-based therapy in subacute stroke patients: a randomized controlled trial. Biomed Res Int. 2014, 2014:580-861.
    • (2014) Biomed Res Int. , vol.2014 , pp. 580-861
    • Morone, G.1    Tramontano, M.2    Iosa, M.3    Shofany, J.4    Iemma, A.5    Musicco, M.6
  • 46
    • 21544449115 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estimating the mean and variance from the median, range, and the size of a sample
    • Hozo S.P., Djulbegovic B., Hozo I. Estimating the mean and variance from the median, range, and the size of a sample. BMC Med Res Methodol. 2005, 5:13.
    • (2005) BMC Med Res Methodol. , vol.5 , pp. 13
    • Hozo, S.P.1    Djulbegovic, B.2    Hozo, I.3
  • 47
    • 84876818162 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Virtual walking training program using a real-world video recording for patients with chronic stroke: a pilot study
    • Cho K.H., Lee W.H. Virtual walking training program using a real-world video recording for patients with chronic stroke: a pilot study. Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 2013, 92:371-380.
    • (2013) Am J Phys Med Rehabil. , vol.92 , pp. 371-380
    • Cho, K.H.1    Lee, W.H.2
  • 48
    • 84867879916 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Virtual-reality balance training with a video-game system improves dynamic balance in chronic stroke patients
    • Cho K.H., Lee K.J., Song C.H. Virtual-reality balance training with a video-game system improves dynamic balance in chronic stroke patients. Tohoku J Exp Med. 2012, 228:69-74.
    • (2012) Tohoku J Exp Med. , vol.228 , pp. 69-74
    • Cho, K.H.1    Lee, K.J.2    Song, C.H.3
  • 49
    • 84888298974 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of treadmill training based real-world video recording on balance and gait in chronic stroke patients: a randomized controlled trial
    • Cho K.H., Lee W.H. Effect of treadmill training based real-world video recording on balance and gait in chronic stroke patients: a randomized controlled trial. Gait Posture. 2014, 39:523-528.
    • (2014) Gait Posture. , vol.39 , pp. 523-528
    • Cho, K.H.1    Lee, W.H.2
  • 50
    • 84924760939 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Improvement in balance using a virtual reality-based stepping exercise: a randomized controlled trial involving individuals with chronic stroke
    • Lloréns R., Gil-Gómez J.A., Alcañiz M., Colomer C., Noé E. Improvement in balance using a virtual reality-based stepping exercise: a randomized controlled trial involving individuals with chronic stroke. Clin Rehabil. 2015, 29:261-268.
    • (2015) Clin Rehabil. , vol.29 , pp. 261-268
    • Lloréns, R.1    Gil-Gómez, J.A.2    Alcañiz, M.3    Colomer, C.4    Noé, E.5
  • 51
    • 46049085200 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Virtual reality-based training improves community ambulation in individuals with stroke: a randomized controlled trial
    • Yang Y.R., Tsai M.P., Chuang T.Y., Sung W.H., Wang R.Y. Virtual reality-based training improves community ambulation in individuals with stroke: a randomized controlled trial. Gait Posture. 2008, 28:201-206.
    • (2008) Gait Posture. , vol.28 , pp. 201-206
    • Yang, Y.R.1    Tsai, M.P.2    Chuang, T.Y.3    Sung, W.H.4    Wang, R.Y.5
  • 52
    • 84874675966 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of virtual reality treadmill training on balance and balance self-efficacy in stroke patients with a history of falling
    • Jung J., Yu J., Kang H. Effects of virtual reality treadmill training on balance and balance self-efficacy in stroke patients with a history of falling. J Phys Ther Sci. 2012, 24:1133-1136.
    • (2012) J Phys Ther Sci. , vol.24 , pp. 1133-1136
    • Jung, J.1    Yu, J.2    Kang, H.3
  • 53
    • 84983739135 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of virtual reality to enhance balance and ambulation in chronic stroke: a double-blind, randomized controlled study
    • Kim J.H., Jang S.H., Kim C.S., Jung J.H., You J.H. Use of virtual reality to enhance balance and ambulation in chronic stroke: a double-blind, randomized controlled study. Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 2009, 88:693-701.
    • (2009) Am J Phys Med Rehabil. , vol.88 , pp. 693-701
    • Kim, J.H.1    Jang, S.H.2    Kim, C.S.3    Jung, J.H.4    You, J.H.5
  • 54
    • 84946071664 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical usefulness of the virtual reality-based postural control training on the gait ability in patients with stroke
    • Park Y.H., Lee C.H., Lee B.H. Clinical usefulness of the virtual reality-based postural control training on the gait ability in patients with stroke. J Exerc Rehabil. 2013, 9:489-494.
    • (2013) J Exerc Rehabil. , vol.9 , pp. 489-494
    • Park, Y.H.1    Lee, C.H.2    Lee, B.H.3
  • 55
    • 84899576025 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of virtual reality and tetra-ataxiometric posturography programs on stroke patients with impaired standing balance
    • Song Y.B., Chun M.H., Kim W., Lee S.J., Yi J.H., Park D.H. The effect of virtual reality and tetra-ataxiometric posturography programs on stroke patients with impaired standing balance. Ann Rehabil Med. 2014, 38:160-166.
    • (2014) Ann Rehabil Med. , vol.38 , pp. 160-166
    • Song, Y.B.1    Chun, M.H.2    Kim, W.3    Lee, S.J.4    Yi, J.H.5    Park, D.H.6
  • 56
    • 84857306177 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of treadmill training with optic flow on balance and gait in individuals following stroke: randomized controlled trials
    • Kang H.K., Kim Y., Chung Y., Hwang S. Effects of treadmill training with optic flow on balance and gait in individuals following stroke: randomized controlled trials. Clin Rehabil. 2012, 26:246-255.
    • (2012) Clin Rehabil. , vol.26 , pp. 246-255
    • Kang, H.K.1    Kim, Y.2    Chung, Y.3    Hwang, S.4
  • 57
    • 84921422789 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Walking training associated with virtual reality-based training increases walking speed of individuals with chronic stroke: systematic review with meta-analysis
    • Rodrigues-Baroni J.M., Nascimento L.R., Ada L., Teixeira-Salmela L.F. Walking training associated with virtual reality-based training increases walking speed of individuals with chronic stroke: systematic review with meta-analysis. Braz J Phys Ther. 2014, 18:502-512.
    • (2014) Braz J Phys Ther. , vol.18 , pp. 502-512
    • Rodrigues-Baroni, J.M.1    Nascimento, L.R.2    Ada, L.3    Teixeira-Salmela, L.F.4
  • 58
    • 15944388586 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reliability of gait performance tests in men and women with hemiparesis after stroke
    • Flansbjer U.B., Holmback A.M., Downham D., Patten C., Lexell J. Reliability of gait performance tests in men and women with hemiparesis after stroke. J Rehabil Med. 2005, 37:75-82.
    • (2005) J Rehabil Med. , vol.37 , pp. 75-82
    • Flansbjer, U.B.1    Holmback, A.M.2    Downham, D.3    Patten, C.4    Lexell, J.5
  • 59
    • 84858750414 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The reproducibility of Berg Balance Scale and the Single-leg Stance in chronic stroke and the relationship between the two tests
    • Flansbjer U.B., Blom J., Brogårdh C. The reproducibility of Berg Balance Scale and the Single-leg Stance in chronic stroke and the relationship between the two tests. Phys Med Rehabil. 2012, 4:165-170.
    • (2012) Phys Med Rehabil. , vol.4 , pp. 165-170
    • Flansbjer, U.B.1    Blom, J.2    Brogårdh, C.3
  • 60
    • 67650071086 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Motor recovery after stroke: a systematic review
    • Langhorne P., Coupar F., Pollock A. Motor recovery after stroke: a systematic review. Lancet Neurol. 2009, 8:741-754.
    • (2009) Lancet Neurol. , vol.8 , pp. 741-754
    • Langhorne, P.1    Coupar, F.2    Pollock, A.3
  • 61
    • 84930384406 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Improving hand functional use in subjects with multiple sclerosis using a musical keyboard: a randomized controlled trial
    • Gatti R., Tettamanti A., Lambiase S., Rossi P., Comola M. Improving hand functional use in subjects with multiple sclerosis using a musical keyboard: a randomized controlled trial. Physiother Res Int. 2014 Jul 7, 10.1002/pri.1600.
    • (2014) Physiother Res Int.
    • Gatti, R.1    Tettamanti, A.2    Lambiase, S.3    Rossi, P.4    Comola, M.5
  • 62
    • 33745250524 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of environment and task on gait parameters after stroke: a randomized comparison of measurement conditions
    • Lord S.E., Rochester L., Weatherall M., McPherson K.M., McNaughton H.K. The effect of environment and task on gait parameters after stroke: a randomized comparison of measurement conditions. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2006, 87:967-973.
    • (2006) Arch Phys Med Rehabil. , vol.87 , pp. 967-973
    • Lord, S.E.1    Rochester, L.2    Weatherall, M.3    McPherson, K.M.4    McNaughton, H.K.5
  • 63
    • 20444369115 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Virtual reality-induced cortical reorganization and associated locomotor recovery in chronic stroke: an experimenter-blind randomized study
    • You S.H., Jang S.H., Kim Y.H., Hallett M., Ahn S.H., Kwon Y.H., et al. Virtual reality-induced cortical reorganization and associated locomotor recovery in chronic stroke: an experimenter-blind randomized study. Stroke. 2005, 36:1166-1171.
    • (2005) Stroke. , vol.36 , pp. 1166-1171
    • You, S.H.1    Jang, S.H.2    Kim, Y.H.3    Hallett, M.4    Ahn, S.H.5    Kwon, Y.H.6
  • 64
    • 0033823087 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of visual feedback in retraining balance following acute stroke
    • Walker C., Brouwer B.J., Culham E.G. Use of visual feedback in retraining balance following acute stroke. Phys Ther. 2000, 80:886-892.
    • (2000) Phys Ther. , vol.80 , pp. 886-892
    • Walker, C.1    Brouwer, B.J.2    Culham, E.G.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.