메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 293, Issue , 2015, Pages 815-822

Electrocatalytic activity and operational stability of electrodeposited Pd-Co films towards ethanol oxidation in alkaline electrolytes

Author keywords

Anode catalyst; Cobalt oxide; Direct ethanol fuel cell; Electrodeposition; Ethanol oxidation; Palladium cobalt alloy

Indexed keywords

ALKALINE FUEL CELLS; ALLOYS; ANODIC OXIDATION; CATALYSTS; COBALT; COBALT ALLOYS; COBALT COMPOUNDS; CYCLIC VOLTAMMETRY; ELECTRODEPOSITION; ELECTRODES; ELECTROLYTES; ETHANOL; ETHANOL FUELS; FUEL CELLS; METALLIC FILMS; OXIDATION;

EID: 84930958896     PISSN: 03787753     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2015.05.121     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (34)

References (45)
  • 1
    • 84930954511 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anodic catalyst design for the ethanol oxidation fuel cell reactions
    • A. Mendez-Vilas, Formatex
    • X. Teng Anodic catalyst design for the ethanol oxidation fuel cell reactions A. Mendez-Vilas, Mater. Process. Energy Commun. Curr. Res. Technol. Dev. 2013 Formatex 473 484
    • (2013) Mater. Process. Energy Commun. Curr. Res. Technol. Dev. , pp. 473-484
    • Teng, X.1
  • 2
    • 0037139238 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recent advances in the development of direct alcohol fuel cells (DAFC)
    • C. Lamy, A. Lima, V. LeRhun, F. Delime, C. Coutanceau, and J.-M. Léger Recent advances in the development of direct alcohol fuel cells (DAFC) J. Power Sources 105 2002 283 296 10.1016/S0378-7753(01)00954-5
    • (2002) J. Power Sources , vol.105 , pp. 283-296
    • Lamy, C.1    Lima, A.2    LeRhun, V.3    Delime, F.4    Coutanceau, C.5    Léger, J.-M.6
  • 3
    • 0035394865 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Electrocatalytic oxidation of aliphatic alcohols: application to the direct alcohol fuel cell (DAFC)
    • C. Lamy, E. Belgsir, and J. Leger Electrocatalytic oxidation of aliphatic alcohols: application to the direct alcohol fuel cell (DAFC) J. Appl. Electrochem. 31 2001 799 809 10.1023/A:1017587310150
    • (2001) J. Appl. Electrochem. , vol.31 , pp. 799-809
    • Lamy, C.1    Belgsir, E.2    Leger, J.3
  • 4
  • 5
    • 3042858952 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recent progress in the direct ethanol fuel cell: development of new platinum-tin electrocatalysts
    • C. Lamy, S. Rousseau, E. Belgsir, C. Coutanceau, and J.-M. Léger Recent progress in the direct ethanol fuel cell: development of new platinum-tin electrocatalysts Electrochim. Acta 49 2004 3901 3908 10.1016/j.electacta.2004.01.078
    • (2004) Electrochim. Acta , vol.49 , pp. 3901-3908
    • Lamy, C.1    Rousseau, S.2    Belgsir, E.3    Coutanceau, C.4    Léger, J.-M.5
  • 6
    • 77957260256 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Principles and materials aspects of direct alkaline alcohol fuel cells
    • E.H. Yu, U. Krewer, and K. Scott Principles and materials aspects of direct alkaline alcohol fuel cells Energies 3 2010 1499 1528 10.3390/en3081499
    • (2010) Energies , vol.3 , pp. 1499-1528
    • Yu, E.H.1    Krewer, U.2    Scott, K.3
  • 7
    • 84901914942 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nanotechnology makes biomass electrolysis more energy efficient than water electrolysis
    • Y.X. Chen, A. Lavacchi, H.A. Miller, M. Bevilacqua, J. Filippi, and M. Innocenti Nanotechnology makes biomass electrolysis more energy efficient than water electrolysis Nat. Commun. 5 2014 4036 10.1038/ncomms5036
    • (2014) Nat. Commun. , vol.5 , pp. 4036
    • Chen, Y.X.1    Lavacchi, A.2    Miller, H.A.3    Bevilacqua, M.4    Filippi, J.5    Innocenti, M.6
  • 8
    • 77956447259 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Self-sustainable production of hydrogen, chemicals, and energy from renewable alcohols by electrocatalysis
    • V. Bambagioni, M. Bevilacqua, C. Bianchini, J. Filippi, A. Lavacchi, and A. Marchionni Self-sustainable production of hydrogen, chemicals, and energy from renewable alcohols by electrocatalysis ChemSusChem. 3 2010 851 855 10.1002/cssc.201000103
    • (2010) ChemSusChem. , vol.3 , pp. 851-855
    • Bambagioni, V.1    Bevilacqua, M.2    Bianchini, C.3    Filippi, J.4    Lavacchi, A.5    Marchionni, A.6
  • 10
    • 70349096793 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Palladium-based electrocatalysts for alcohol oxidation in half cells and in direct alcohol fuel cells
    • C. Bianchini, and P.K. Shen Palladium-based electrocatalysts for alcohol oxidation in half cells and in direct alcohol fuel cells Chem. Rev. 109 2009 4183 4206 10.1021/cr9000995
    • (2009) Chem. Rev. , vol.109 , pp. 4183-4206
    • Bianchini, C.1    Shen, P.K.2
  • 11
    • 84878618841 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Model catalyst studies on hydrogen and ethanol oxidation for fuel cells
    • J. Friedl, and U. Stimming Model catalyst studies on hydrogen and ethanol oxidation for fuel cells Electrochim. Acta 101 2013 41 58 10.1016/j.electacta.2012.12.130
    • (2013) Electrochim. Acta , vol.101 , pp. 41-58
    • Friedl, J.1    Stimming, U.2
  • 12
    • 77958104386 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In situ FTIR spectroscopic studies of electrooxidation of ethanol on Pd electrode in alkaline media
    • Z.-Y. Zhou, Q. Wang, J.-L. Lin, N. Tian, and S.-G. Sun In situ FTIR spectroscopic studies of electrooxidation of ethanol on Pd electrode in alkaline media Electrochim. Acta 55 2010 7995 7999 10.1016/j.electacta.2010.02.071
    • (2010) Electrochim. Acta , vol.55 , pp. 7995-7999
    • Zhou, Z.-Y.1    Wang, Q.2    Lin, J.-L.3    Tian, N.4    Sun, S.-G.5
  • 13
    • 59849114887 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanism study of the ethanol oxidation reaction on palladium in alkaline media
    • Z.X. Liang, T.S. Zhao, J.B. Xu, and L.D. Zhu Mechanism study of the ethanol oxidation reaction on palladium in alkaline media Electrochim. Acta 54 2009 2203 2208 10.1016/j.electacta.2008.10.034
    • (2009) Electrochim. Acta , vol.54 , pp. 2203-2208
    • Liang, Z.X.1    Zhao, T.S.2    Xu, J.B.3    Zhu, L.D.4
  • 14
    • 63049127114 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ternary Pt/Rh/SnO2 electrocatalysts for oxidizing ethanol to CO2
    • A. Kowal, M. Li, M. Shao, K. Sasaki, M.B. Vukmirovic, and J. Zhang Ternary Pt/Rh/SnO2 electrocatalysts for oxidizing ethanol to CO2 Nat. Mater. 8 2009 325 330 10.1038/nmat2359
    • (2009) Nat. Mater. , vol.8 , pp. 325-330
    • Kowal, A.1    Li, M.2    Shao, M.3    Sasaki, K.4    Vukmirovic, M.B.5    Zhang, J.6
  • 15
    • 84872120953 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ternary electrocatalysts for oxidizing ethanol to carbon dioxide: making ir capable of splitting C-C bond
    • M. Li, D. a Cullen, K. Sasaki, N.S. Marinkovic, K. More, and R.R. Adzic Ternary electrocatalysts for oxidizing ethanol to carbon dioxide: making ir capable of splitting C-C bond J. Am. Chem. Soc. 135 2013 132 141 10.1021/ja306384x
    • (2013) J. Am. Chem. Soc. , vol.135 , pp. 132-141
    • Li, M.1    Cullen, D.A.2    Sasaki, K.3    Marinkovic, N.S.4    More, K.5    Adzic, R.R.6
  • 16
    • 35948971712 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Investigation of the ethanol electro-oxidation in alkaline membrane electrode assembly by differential electrochemical mass spectrometry
    • V. Rao, C. Cremers, and U. Stimming Investigation of the ethanol electro-oxidation in alkaline membrane electrode assembly by differential electrochemical mass spectrometry Fuel Cells 7 2007 417 423 10.1002/fuce.200700026
    • (2007) Fuel Cells , vol.7 , pp. 417-423
    • Rao, V.1    Cremers, C.2    Stimming, U.3
  • 17
    • 84863663237 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Energy efficiency enhancement of ethanol electrooxidation on Pd-CeO(2)/C in passive and active polymer electrolyte-membrane fuel cells
    • V. Bambagioni, C. Bianchini, Y. Chen, J. Filippi, P. Fornasiero, and M. Innocenti Energy efficiency enhancement of ethanol electrooxidation on Pd-CeO(2)/C in passive and active polymer electrolyte-membrane fuel cells ChemSusChem. 5 2012 1266 1273 10.1002/cssc.201100738
    • (2012) ChemSusChem. , vol.5 , pp. 1266-1273
    • Bambagioni, V.1    Bianchini, C.2    Chen, Y.3    Filippi, J.4    Fornasiero, P.5    Innocenti, M.6
  • 18
    • 84922858288 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Direct alcohol fuel cells: toward the power densities of hydrogen-fed proton exchange membrane fuel cells
    • Y. Chen, M. Bellini, M. Bevilacqua, P. Fornasiero, A. Lavacchi, and H.A. Miller Direct alcohol fuel cells: toward the power densities of hydrogen-fed proton exchange membrane fuel cells ChemSusChem. 8 2015 524 533 10.1002/cssc.201402999
    • (2015) ChemSusChem. , vol.8 , pp. 524-533
    • Chen, Y.1    Bellini, M.2    Bevilacqua, M.3    Fornasiero, P.4    Lavacchi, A.5    Miller, H.A.6
  • 19
    • 84930943683 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Study of the Co-electrodeposited Pd-Ni alloy thin film and its performance on ethanol electro-oxidation
    • C.-M. Chang, M.-T. Hsieh, W.-C. Kang, and T.-J. Whang Study of the Co-electrodeposited Pd-Ni alloy thin film and its performance on ethanol electro-oxidation J. Electrochem. Soc. 161 2014 D552 D557 10.1149/2.0911410jes
    • (2014) J. Electrochem. Soc. , vol.161 , pp. D552-D557
    • Chang, C.-M.1    Hsieh, M.-T.2    Kang, W.-C.3    Whang, T.-J.4
  • 20
    • 37349012592 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Synthesis and characterization of electrodeposited Ni-Pd alloy electrodes for methanol oxidation
    • K.S. Kumar, P. Haridoss, and S.K. Seshadri Synthesis and characterization of electrodeposited Ni-Pd alloy electrodes for methanol oxidation Surf. Coat. Technol. 202 2008 1764 1770 10.1016/j.surfcoat.2007.07.035
    • (2008) Surf. Coat. Technol. , vol.202 , pp. 1764-1770
    • Kumar, K.S.1    Haridoss, P.2    Seshadri, S.K.3
  • 21
    • 77950900199 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Performance of carbon nanofiber supported Pd-Ni catalysts for electro-oxidation of ethanol in alkaline medium
    • T. Maiyalagan, and K. Scott Performance of carbon nanofiber supported Pd-Ni catalysts for electro-oxidation of ethanol in alkaline medium J. Power Sources 195 2010 5246 5251 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2010.03.022
    • (2010) J. Power Sources , vol.195 , pp. 5246-5251
    • Maiyalagan, T.1    Scott, K.2
  • 22
    • 79955478811 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Novel nanocrystalline PdNi alloy catalyst for methanol and ethanol electro-oxidation in alkaline media
    • Z. Qi, H. Geng, X. Wang, C. Zhao, H. Ji, and C. Zhang Novel nanocrystalline PdNi alloy catalyst for methanol and ethanol electro-oxidation in alkaline media J. Power Sources 196 2011 5823 5828 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2011.02.083
    • (2011) J. Power Sources , vol.196 , pp. 5823-5828
    • Qi, Z.1    Geng, H.2    Wang, X.3    Zhao, C.4    Ji, H.5    Zhang, C.6
  • 23
    • 84887270824 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Preparation and characterization of micro-arc-induced Pd/TM(TM = Ni, Co and Ti) catalysts and comparison of their electrocatalytic activities toward ethanol oxidation
    • X. Wang, G. Ma, F. Zhu, N. Lin, B. Tang, and Z. Zhang Preparation and characterization of micro-arc-induced Pd/TM(TM = Ni, Co and Ti) catalysts and comparison of their electrocatalytic activities toward ethanol oxidation Electrochim. Acta 114 2013 500 508 10.1016/j.electacta.2013.10.049
    • (2013) Electrochim. Acta , vol.114 , pp. 500-508
    • Wang, X.1    Ma, G.2    Zhu, F.3    Lin, N.4    Tang, B.5    Zhang, Z.6
  • 24
    • 37349040122 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oxide (CeO2, NiO, Co3O4 and Mn3O4)-promoted Pd/C electrocatalysts for alcohol electrooxidation in alkaline media
    • C. Xu, Z. Tian, P. Shen, and S.P. Jiang Oxide (CeO2, NiO, Co3O4 and Mn3O4)-promoted Pd/C electrocatalysts for alcohol electrooxidation in alkaline media Electrochim. Acta 53 2008 2610 2618 10.1016/j.electacta.2007.10.036
    • (2008) Electrochim. Acta , vol.53 , pp. 2610-2618
    • Xu, C.1    Tian, Z.2    Shen, P.3    Jiang, S.P.4
  • 25
    • 84902125795 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pd x Co y nanoparticle/carbon nanofiber composites with enhanced electrocatalytic properties
    • D. Liu, Q. Guo, H. Hou, O. Niwa, and T. You Pd x Co y nanoparticle/carbon nanofiber composites with enhanced electrocatalytic properties ACS Catal. 4 2014 1825 1829 10.1021/cs5000153
    • (2014) ACS Catal. , vol.4 , pp. 1825-1829
    • Liu, D.1    Guo, Q.2    Hou, H.3    Niwa, O.4    You, T.5
  • 26
    • 0037079896 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estimation of the membrane methanol diffusion coefficient from open circuit voltage measurements in a direct methanol fuel cell
    • V. Barragán, and A. Heinzel Estimation of the membrane methanol diffusion coefficient from open circuit voltage measurements in a direct methanol fuel cell J. Power Sources 104 2002 66 72 10.1016/S0378-7753(01)00896-5
    • (2002) J. Power Sources , vol.104 , pp. 66-72
    • Barragán, V.1    Heinzel, A.2
  • 27
    • 84884284587 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analysis of Co-Pd alloys deposition from electrolytes based on [Co(NH3)6]3+ and [Pd(NH3)4]2+ complexes
    • K. Mech, P. Zabiński, R. Kowalik, and K. Fitzner Analysis of Co-Pd alloys deposition from electrolytes based on [Co(NH3)6]3+ and [Pd(NH3)4]2+ complexes Electrochim. Acta 104 2013 468 473 10.1016/j.electacta.2012.12.006
    • (2013) Electrochim. Acta , vol.104 , pp. 468-473
    • Mech, K.1    Zabiński, P.2    Kowalik, R.3    Fitzner, K.4
  • 29
    • 51249173363 scopus 로고
    • The Co-Pd (Cobalt-Palladium) System
    • K. Ishida, and T. Nishizawa The Co-Pd (Cobalt-Palladium) System J. Phase Equilib. 12 1991 83 87 10.1007/BF02663680
    • (1991) J. Phase Equilib. , vol.12 , pp. 83-87
    • Ishida, K.1    Nishizawa, T.2
  • 31
    • 84930954512 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Co-Pd: Data from FSnobl - Fact Sage Noble Metal Databases
    • accessed 09.03.15
    • Co-Pd: Data from FSnobl - Fact Sage Noble Metal Databases, Cent. Res. Comput. Thermochem. http://www.crct.polymtl.ca/fact/phase-diagram.php?file=Co-Pd.jpg&dir=FSnobl (accessed 09.03.15)
    • Cent. Res. Comput. Thermochem.
  • 32
    • 0015316839 scopus 로고
    • Ordered alloys in the cobalt-palladium system
    • Y. Matsuo Ordered alloys in the cobalt-palladium system J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 32 1972 972 978
    • (1972) J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. , vol.32 , pp. 972-978
    • Matsuo, Y.1
  • 33
    • 80053502751 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nanoporous PdCo catalyst for microfuel cells: electrodeposition and dealloying
    • S. Tominaka, and T. Osaka Nanoporous PdCo catalyst for microfuel cells: electrodeposition and dealloying Adv. Phys. Chem. 2011 2011 1 13 10.1155/2011/821916
    • (2011) Adv. Phys. Chem. , vol.2011 , pp. 1-13
    • Tominaka, S.1    Osaka, T.2
  • 35
    • 0001610225 scopus 로고
    • The adsorption of carbon oxides on a palladium electrode from acidic solution
    • A. Czerwiński The adsorption of carbon oxides on a palladium electrode from acidic solution, J. Electroanal. Chem. 379 1994 487 493 10.1016/0022-0728(94)87173-6
    • (1994) J. Electroanal. Chem. , vol.379 , pp. 487-493
    • Czerwiński, A.1
  • 36
    • 49349112126 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Electrochemical behaviour of palladium electrode: oxidation, electrodissolution and ionic adsorption
    • M. Grdeń, M. Łukaszewski, G. Jerkiewicz, and A. Czerwiński Electrochemical behaviour of palladium electrode: oxidation, electrodissolution and ionic adsorption Electrochim. Acta 53 2008 7583 7598 10.1016/j.electacta.2008.05.046
    • (2008) Electrochim. Acta , vol.53 , pp. 7583-7598
    • Grdeń, M.1    Łukaszewski, M.2    Jerkiewicz, G.3    Czerwiński, A.4
  • 37
    • 34547958350 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Kinetics of ethanol electrooxidation at Pd electrodeposited on Ti
    • J. Liu, J. Ye, C. Xu, S.P. Jiang, and Y. Tong Kinetics of ethanol electrooxidation at Pd electrodeposited on Ti Electrochem. Comm. 9 2007 2334 2339 10.1016/j.elecom.2007.06.036
    • (2007) Electrochem. Comm. , vol.9 , pp. 2334-2339
    • Liu, J.1    Ye, J.2    Xu, C.3    Jiang, S.P.4    Tong, Y.5
  • 38
    • 59849114887 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanism study of the ethanol oxidation reaction on palladium in alkaline media
    • Z.X. Liang, T.S. Zhao, J.B. Xu, and L.D. Zhu Mechanism study of the ethanol oxidation reaction on palladium in alkaline media Electrochim. Acta 54 2009 2203 2208 10.1016/j.electacta.2008.10.034
    • (2009) Electrochim. Acta , vol.54 , pp. 2203-2208
    • Liang, Z.X.1    Zhao, T.S.2    Xu, J.B.3    Zhu, L.D.4
  • 39
    • 84876588987 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ultrafine nanoporous PdFe/Fe3O4 catalysts with doubly enhanced activities towards electro-oxidation of methanol and ethanol in alkaline media
    • Z. Zhang, C. Zhang, J. Sun, T. Kou, Q. Bai, and Y. Wang Ultrafine nanoporous PdFe/Fe3O4 catalysts with doubly enhanced activities towards electro-oxidation of methanol and ethanol in alkaline media J. Mater. Chem. A 1 2013 3620 10.1039/c3ta01464a
    • (2013) J. Mater. Chem. A , vol.1 , pp. 3620
    • Zhang, Z.1    Zhang, C.2    Sun, J.3    Kou, T.4    Bai, Q.5    Wang, Y.6
  • 40
    • 84878235052 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Palladium-nickel nanoparticles loaded on multi-walled carbon nanotubes modified with β-cyclodextrin for electrooxidation of alcohols
    • Q. Yi, L. Sun, X. Liu, and H. Nie Palladium-nickel nanoparticles loaded on multi-walled carbon nanotubes modified with β-cyclodextrin for electrooxidation of alcohols Fuel 111 2013 88 95 10.1016/j.fuel.2013.04.051
    • (2013) Fuel , vol.111 , pp. 88-95
    • Yi, Q.1    Sun, L.2    Liu, X.3    Nie, H.4
  • 41
    • 77649232222 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Electrocatalytic activity of bimetallic Pd-Ni thin films towards the oxidation of methanol and ethanol
    • C. Qiu, R. Shang, Y. Xie, Y. Bu, C. Li, and H. Ma Electrocatalytic activity of bimetallic Pd-Ni thin films towards the oxidation of methanol and ethanol Mater. Chem. Phys. 120 2010 323 330 10.1016/j.matchemphys.2009.11.014
    • (2010) Mater. Chem. Phys. , vol.120 , pp. 323-330
    • Qiu, C.1    Shang, R.2    Xie, Y.3    Bu, Y.4    Li, C.5    Ma, H.6
  • 42
    • 33744979019 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Direct ethanol fuel cell (DEFC): electrical performances and reaction products distribution under operating conditions with different platinum-based anodes
    • S. Rousseau, C. Coutanceau, C. Lamy, and J.-M. Léger Direct ethanol fuel cell (DEFC): electrical performances and reaction products distribution under operating conditions with different platinum-based anodes J. Power Sources 158 2006 18 24 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2005.08.027
    • (2006) J. Power Sources , vol.158 , pp. 18-24
    • Rousseau, S.1    Coutanceau, C.2    Lamy, C.3    Léger, J.-M.4
  • 43
    • 33845991844 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterization and analysis of new catalysts for a direct ethanol fuel cell
    • J. Mann, N. Yao, and A.B. Bocarsly Characterization and analysis of new catalysts for a direct ethanol fuel cell Langmuir 22 2006 10432 10436 10.1021/la061200c
    • (2006) Langmuir , vol.22 , pp. 10432-10436
    • Mann, J.1    Yao, N.2    Bocarsly, A.B.3
  • 44
    • 58549104266 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Studies of the initial oxidation of cobalt in alkaline solutions using scanning electrochemical microscope
    • D. Erts, E. Ahlberg, J. Asbjörnsson, H. Olin, and J. Prikulis Studies of the initial oxidation of cobalt in alkaline solutions using scanning electrochemical microscope App. Phys. A 66 1998 477 480 10.1007/s003390051186
    • (1998) App. Phys. A , vol.66 , pp. 477-480
    • Erts, D.1    Ahlberg, E.2    Asbjörnsson, J.3    Olin, H.4    Prikulis, J.5
  • 45
    • 79953711739 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Enhanced activity of gold-supported cobalt oxide for the electrochemical evolution of oxygen
    • B.S. Yeo, and A.T. Bell Enhanced activity of gold-supported cobalt oxide for the electrochemical evolution of oxygen J. Amer. Chem. Soc. 133 2011 5587 5593 10.1021/ja200559j
    • (2011) J. Amer. Chem. Soc. , vol.133 , pp. 5587-5593
    • Yeo, B.S.1    Bell, A.T.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.