Electrochemical oxidation of the carbon support to synthesize Pt(Cu) and Pt-Ru(Cu) core-shell electrocatalysts for low-temperature fuel cells

Catalysts

Volumn 5, Issue 2, 2015, Pages 815-837

  Caballero Manrique, Griselda ^a   Brillas, Enric ^a   Centellas, Francesc ^a   Garrido, José Antonio ^a   Rodríguez, Rosa María ^a   Cabot, Pere Lluís ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF BARCELONA   (Spain)

Author keywords

CO oxidation; Core shell Pt(Cu) nanoparticles; Core shell Pt Ru(Cu)nanoparticles; Electrochemical oxidation of carbon; HRTEM; Hydrogen adsorption desorption; Pt deposition by galvanic exchange; Ru spontaneous deposition; XPS

Indexed keywords

EID: 84930947654     PISSN: None     EISSN: 20734344     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3390/catal5020815     Document Type: Article

References (57)

1. Antolini, E.; Carbon supports for low-temperature fuel cell catalysts. Appl. Catal. B 2009, 88, 1-24.
2. Álvarez, G.; Alcaide, F.; Cabot, P.L.; Lázaro, M.J.; Pastor, E.; Sollá-Gullón, J. lectrochemical Performance of low temperature PEMFC with Surface Tailored Carbon Nanofibers as Catalyst Support. Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 2012, 37, 393-404.
3. Antolini, E.; Platinum-based ternary catalysts for low temperature fuel cells. Part II. Electrochemical properties. Appl. Catal. B 2007, 74, 337-350.
4. Wang, Y.; Chen, K.; Mishler, J.; Cho, S.; Cordobes Adroher, X. A review of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells: Technology, applications, and needs on fundamental research. Appl. Energy 2011, 88, 981-1007.
5. Guo, J.W.; Zhao, T.S.; Prabhuram, J.; Chen, R.; Wong, C.W.; Preparation and characterization of Pt-Ru/C nanocatalyst for direct methanol fuell cells. Electrochim. Acta 2005, 51, 754-763.
6. Salgado, J.R.C.; Alcaide, F.; Álvarez, G.; Calvillo, L.; Lázaro, M.J.; Pastor, E. Pt-Ru electrocatalysts supported on ordered mesoporous carbon for direct methanol fuel cell. J. Power Sources 2010, 195, 4022-4029.
7. Zainoodin, A.M.; Kamarudin, S.K.; Daud, W.R.W. Review: Electrode in direct methanol fuel cells. Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 2010, 35, 4606-4621.
8. Alcaide, F.; Álvarez, G.; Cabot, P.L.; Grande, H.J.; Miguel, O.; Querejeta, A. Testing of carbon supported Pd-Pt electrocatalysts for methanol electrooxidation in direct methanol fuel cells. Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 2011, 36, 4432-4439.
9. Yasuka, Y.; Fujiwara, T.; Murakami, Y.; Saaki, K.; Oguri, M.; Asaki, T.; Sugimoto, W. Effect of structure of carbon-supported PtRu electrocatalysts on the electrochemical oxidation of methanol. J. Electrochem. Soc. 2000, 147, 4421-4427.
10. Steigertwalt, E.; Deluga, G.; Cliffel, D.; Lukehart, C. A Pt-Ru/Graphitic carbon nanofiber nanocomposite exhibiting high relative performance as a direct-methanol fuel cell anode catalyst. J. Phys. Chem. 2001, 105, 8097-8101.
11. Dickinson, A.J.; Carrette, L.P.L.; Collins, J.A.; Friedrich, K.A.; Stimming, U. Preparation of Pt-Ru/C catalyst from carbonyl complexes for fuel cell applications. Electrochim. Acta 2002, 47, 3733-3739.
12. Friedrich, K.A.; Geiyzers, L.P.; Dickinson, A.J.; Stimming, U. Fundamental aspects in electrocatalysis: from the reactivity of single-crystals to fuel cell electrocatalysts. J. Electroanal. Chem. 2002, 524-525, 261-272.
13. Baena-Moncada, A.M.; Coneo-Rodríguez, R.; Calderón, J.C.; Flórez-Montaño, J.; Barbero, C.A.; Planes, G.A.; Rodríguez, J.L.; Pastor, E. Macroporous carbon as support for PtRu catalysts. Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 2014, 39, 3964-3969.
14. Velázquez-Palenzuela, A.; Centellas, F.; Garrido, J.A.; Arias, C.; Rodríguez, R.M.; Brillas, E.; Cabot, P.L. Kinetic analysis of carbon monoxide and methanol oxidation on high performance carbon- supported Pt-Ru electrocatalyst for direct methanol fuel cells. J. Power Sources 2011, 196, 3503-3512.
15. Boxall, D.L.; Deluga, G.A.; Kenik, E.A.; King, W.D.; Lukehart, C.M. Rapid synthesis of a Pt1Ru1/C nanocomposite using microwave irradiation: A DMFC anode catalyst of high relative performance. Chem. Mater. 2001, 13, 891-900.
16. Esparbé, I.; Brillas, E.; Centellas, F.; Garrido, J.A.; Rodríguez, R.M.; Arias, C.; Cabot, P.L. Structure and electrocatalytic activity of carbon-supported Pt nanoparticles for polymer electrolyte fuel cells. J. Power Sources 2009, 190, 201-209.
17. Min, M.; Cho, J.; Cho, K.; Kim, H. Particle size and alloying effects of Pt-based alloy catalysts for fuel cell applications. Electrochim. Acta 2010, 45, 4211-4217.
18. Tokarz, W.; Lota, G.; Frackowiak, E.; Czerwinski, A.; Piela, P.; Fuel cell testing of Pt-Ru catalysts supported on differently prepared and pretreated carbon nanotubes. Electrochim. Acta 2013, 98, 94-103.
19. Álvarez, G.; Alcaide, F.; Miguel, O.; Cabot, P.L.; Martinez-Huerta, M.V.; Fierro, J.L.G. Electrochemical stability of carbon nanofibers in proton exchange membrane fuel cells. Electrochim. Acta 2011, 56, 9370-9377.
20. Hsieh, C.T.; Lin, J.Y.; Wei, J.L.; Deposition and electrochemical activity of Pt-based bimetallic nanocatalysts on carbon nanotube electrodes. Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 2009, 34, 685-693.
21. Hwang, J.Y.; Chatterjee, A.; Shen, C.H.; Wang, J.H.; Sun, C.L.; Chya, O.; Chen, C.W.; Chen, K.H.; Chen, L.C.; Mesoporous active carbon dispersed with ultra-fine platinum nanoparticles and their electrochemical properties. Diam. Relat. Mater. 2009, 18, 303-306.
22. Velázquez-Palenzuela, A.; Centellas, F.; Garrido, J.A.; Arias, C., Rodríguez, R.M.; Brillas, E.; Cabot, P.L. Structural characterization of Ru-modified carbon-supported Pt nanoparticles using spontaneous deposition with CO oxidation activity. J. Phys. Chem. C 2012, 116, 18469-18478.
23. Tegou, A.; Papadimitriou, S.; Pavlidou, E.; Kokkinidis, G.; Sotiropoulos, S.; Oxygen reduction at platinum- and gold-coated copper deposits on glassy carbon substrates. J. Electroanal. Chem. 2007, 608, 67-77.
24. Papadimitriou, S.; Tegou, A.; Pavlidou, E.; Armyanov, S.; Valova, E.; Kokkinidis, G.; Sotiropoulos, S. Preparation and characterization of platinum- and gold-coated copper, iron, cobalt and nickel deposits on glassy carbon substrates. Electrochim. Acta 2008, 53, 6559-6567.
25. Rahsepar, M.; Pakshir, M.; Piao, Y.; Kim, H.; Synthesis and electrocatalytic performance of high loading active PtRu multiwalled carbon nanotube catalyst for methanol oxidation. Electrochim. Acta 2012, 71, 246-251.
26. García, G.; Flórez-Montaño, J.; Hernández-Creus, A.; Pastor, E.; Planes, G.A.; Methanol electrooxidation at mesoporous Pt and Pt-Ru electrodes: A comparative study with carbon supported materials. J. Power Sources 2011, 196, 2979-2986.
27. Ding, Y.; Liu, Y.; Rao, G.; Wang, G.; Zhong, Q.; Ren, B.; Tian, Z.; Electrooxidation Mechanism of Methanol at Pt-Ru Catalyst Modified GC Electrode in Electrolytes with Different pH Using Electrochemical and SERS Techniques. Chin. J. Chem. 2007, 25, 1617-1621.
28. Yue, Z.R.; Jiang, W.; Wang, L.; Gardner, S.D.; Pittman, C.U., Jr. Surface characterization of electrochemically oxidized carbon fibers. Carbon 1999, 37, 1785-1796.
29. Li, W.; Liu, L.; Zhong, Ch.; Shen, B.; Hu, W. Effects of Carbon Fiber surface treatment on Cu electrodeposition: The electrochemical behavior and the morphology of Cu deposits. J. Alloy Compd. 2011, 509, 3532-3536.
30. Carmo, M.; dos Santos, A.R.; Rocha Poco, J.G.; Linardi, M.; Physical and electrochemical evaluation of commercial carbon black as electrocatalysts supports for DMFC applications. J. Power Sources 2007, 173, 860-866.
31. Zhang, X.; Chan, K.; Water in Oil microemulsion synthesis of platinum-ruthenium nanoparticles, their characterization and electrocatalytic properties. Chem. Mater. 2003, 15, 451-459.
32. Podlovchenko, B.I.; Krivchenk, V.A.; Maksimov, Y.M.; Gladysheva, T.D.; Yashina, L.V.; Evlashin, S.A.; Pilevsky, A. Specific features of the formation of Pt (Cu) catalysts by galvanic displacement with carbon nanowalls used as support. Electrochim. Acta 2012, 76, 137-144.
33. Podlovchenko, B.I.; Zhumaev, U.E.; Maksimov, Y.M. Galvanic displacement of copper adatoms on platinum in PtCl42− solutions. J. Electroanal. Chem. 2011, 651, 30-37.
34. Podlovchenko, B.I.; Gladysheva, T.D.; Filatov, A.; Yashina, L.V. The Use of Galvanic Displacement in Synthesizing Pt(Cu) Catalysts with the Core-Shell Structure. Russ. J. Electrochem. 2010, 46, 1189-1197.
35. Wang, J.; Yin, G.; Shao, Y.; Zhang, S.; Wang, Z.; Gao, Y. Effect of carbon black support corrosion on the durability of Pt/C catalyst. J. Power Sources 2007, 171, 331-339.
36. Weissmann, M.; Baranton, S.; Clacens, J.M. Coutanceau, C. Modification of hydrophobic /hydrophilic properties of Vulcan XC72 carbon powder by grafting of trifluoromethylphenyl and phenylsulfonic acid groups. Carbon 2010, 48, 2755-2764.
37. Cabot Corporation. Specialty Chemicals and Performance Materials. Available online: http://www.cabotcorp.com (accessed on 20 January 2014).
38. Kumar, S.; Soler Herrero, J.; Irusta, S.; Scott, K. The effect of pretreatment of Vulcan XC-72R carbon on morphology and electrochemical oxygen reduction kinetics of supported Pd nano-particle in acidic electrolyte. J. Electroanal. Chem. 2010, 647, 211-221.
39. Ghodbane, O.; Roué, L.; Bélanger, D. Copper electrodeposition on pyrolitic graphite electrodes: Effect of the copper salt on the electrodeposition process. Electrochim. Acta 2007, 52, 5843-5855.
40. Kumar, S.; Hidyatai, N.; Soler Herrero, J.; Irusta, S.; Scott, K. Efficient tuning of the Pt nano-particle mono-dispersion on Vulcan XC-72R by selective pre-treatment and electrochemical evaluation of hydrogen oxidation and oxygen reduction reactions. Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 2011, 36, 5453-5465.
41. Bae, G.; Youn, D.; Han, S.; Lee, J. The role of nitrogen in a carbon support on the increased activity and stability of a Pt catalyst in electrochemical hydrogen oxidation. Carbon 2013, 51, 274-281.
42. Yoon, Ch.; Long, D.; Jang, S.; Qiao, W.; Ling, L.; Miyawaki, J.; Rhee, Ch.; Mochida, I.; Yoon, S. Electrochemical surface oxidation of carbon nanofibers. Carbon 2011, 49, 96-105.
43. Gómez de la Fuente, J.L.; Martínez-Huerta, M.V.; Rojas, S.; Terreros, P.; Fierro J.L.G.; Peña, M.A.; Methanol electrooxidation on PtRu nanoparticles supported on functionalized carbon black. Catal. Today 2006, 116, 422-432.
44. Cao, J.; Song, L.; Tang, J.; Xu, J.; Wang, W.; Chen, Z. Enhanced activity of Pd nanoparticles supported on Vulcan XC72R carbon pretreated via a modified Hummers method for formic acid electrooxidation. Appl. Surf. Sci. 2013, 274, 138-143.
45. Yue, Z.R.; Jiang, W.; Wang, L.; Toghiani, H.; Gardner, S.D.; Pittman, C.U., Jr. Adsorption of precious metal ions onto electrochemically oxidized carbon fibers. Carbon 1999, 37, 1607-1618.
46. Carmo, M.; Linardi, M.; Rocha Poco, J.G.; Characterization of nitric acid functionalized carbon black and its evaluation as electrocatalyst support for direct methanol fuel cell applications. Appl. Catal. A 2009, 355, 132-138.
47. Rueffer, M.; Bejan, D.; Bunce, N.J. Graphite: An active or an inactive anode? Electrochim. Acta 2011, 56, 2246-2253.
48. Caballero-Manrique, G.; Velázquez-Palenzuela, A.; Centellas, F.; Garrido, J.A.; Arias, C.; Rodríguez, R.M.; Brillas, E.; Cabot, P.L. Electrochemical synthesis and characterization of carbon-supported Pt and Pt-Ru nanoparticles with Cu cores for CO and methanol oxidation in polymer electrolyte fuel cells. Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 2014, 39, 12859-12869.
49. Shao, Y.; Yin, G.; Zhang, J.; Gao, Y.; Comparative investigation of the resistance to electrochemical oxidation of carbon black and carbon nanotubes in aqueous sulfuric acid solution. Electrochim. Acta 2006, 51, 5853-5857.
50. Yumitori, S.; Correlation of C1s chemical state intensities with the O1s intensity in the XPS analysis of anodically oxidized glass-like carbon samples. J. Mater. Sci. 2000, 35, 139-146.
51. Stankovich, S.; Dikin, D.; Piner, R.; Kohlhaas, K.; Kleinhammes, A.; Jia, Y.; Wu, Y.; Nguyen, S.; Ruoff, R. Synthesis of graphene-based nanosheets via chemical reduction of exfoliated graphite oxide. Carbon 2007, 45, 1558-1565.
52. Yang, D.; Velamakannia, A.; Bozoklu, G.; Park, S.; Stoller, M.; Piner, R.; Stankovich, S.; Jung, I.; Fieldd, D.; Ventrice, C., Jr. et al. Chemical analysis of graphene oxide films after heat and chemical treatments by X-ray photoelectron and Micro-Raman spectroscopy. Carbon 2009, 47, 145-152.
53. Terzyk, A. The influence of activated carbon surface chemical composition on the adsorption of acetaminophen (paracetamol) in vitro. Part II. TG, FTIR, and XPS analysis of carbons and the temperature dependence of adsorption kinetics at the neutral pH. Colloids Surf. A 2001, 177, 23-45.
54. WWW-MINCRYST. Crystallographic and Crystallochemical Database for Minerals and their Structural Analogues. Available online: http://database.iem.ac.ru/mincrysst (accessed on 30 June 2014).
55. Ruth, K.; Vogt, M.; Zuber, R. Development of CO-tolerant catalysts. In Handbook of Fuel Cells— Fundamentals, Technology and Applications; Vielstich, W., Gasteiger, H.A., Lamm, A., Eds.; John Wiley & Sons: New York, NY, USA, 2003; Volume 3, pp. 489-496.
56. Velázquez-Palenzuela, A.; Brillas, E.; Arias, C.; Centellas, F.; Garrido, J.A.; Rodríguez, R.M.; Cabot, P.L. Structural analysis of carbon-supported Ru-decorated Pt nanoparticles synthesized using forced deposition and catalytic performance toward CO, methanol, and ethanol electro-oxidation. J. Catal. 2013, 298, 112-121.
57. Chen, Z.; Xu, L.; Li, W.; Waje, M.; Yan, Y. Polianiline nanofibre supported platinum nanoelectrocatalysts for direct methanol fuel cells. Nanotechnol. 2006, 17, 5254-5259.