Engineering of MnO2-based nanocomposites for high-performance supercapacitors

Progress in Materials Science

Volumn 74, Issue , 2015, Pages 51-124

  Wang, Jian Gan ^a   Kang, Feiyu ^c   Wei, Bingqing ^a,b  

^a NORTHWESTERN POLYTECHNICAL UNIVERSITY   (China)

^b UNIVERSITY OF DELAWARE   (United States)

^c TSINGHUA UNIVERSITY   (China)

Author keywords

Asymmetric configuration; Hybrid; Manganese oxide; MnO2; Nanocomposite; Supercapacitor

Indexed keywords

ABSTRACTING; CONDUCTIVE MATERIALS; ELECTRIC POWER TRANSMISSION; HYBRID MATERIALS; NANOCOMPOSITES; OXIDES; STORAGE (MATERIALS); SUPERCAPACITOR;

ASYMMETRIC CONFIGURATIONS; ASYMMETRIC SUPERCAPACITOR; ELECTROCHEMICAL PERFORMANCE; ELECTROCHEMICAL STORAGE SYSTEM; HIGH SPECIFIC CAPACITANCES; HYBRID; MNO2; NANOCOMPOSITE ELECTRODES;

MANGANESE OXIDE;

EID: 84930933922     PISSN: 00796425     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.pmatsci.2015.04.003     Document Type: Review

References (271)

1. Z. Yang, J. Zhang, M.C. Kintner-Meyer, X. Lu, D. Choi, and J.P. Lemmon Electrochemical energy storage for green grid Chem Rev 111 2011 3577 3613
2. M. Winter, and R.J. Brodd What are batteries, fuel cells, and supercapacitors? Chem Rev 104 2004 4245 4270
3. C. Liu, F. Li, L.P. Ma, and H.M. Cheng Advanced materials for energy storage Adv Mater 22 2010 E28 E62
4. A.S. Aricò, P. Bruce, B. Scrosati, J.-M. Tarascon, and W. Van Schalkwijk Nanostructured materials for advanced energy conversion and storage devices Nat Mater 4 2005 366 377
5. D.P. Dubal, and R. Holze Synthesis, properties, and performance of nanostructured metal oxides for supercapacitors Pure Appl Chem 86 5 2014 611 632
6. P. Simon, and Y. Gogotsi Materials for electrochemical capacitors Nat Mater 7 2008 845 854
7. P.J. Hall, M. Mirzaeian, S.I. Fletcher, F.B. Sillars, A.J. Rennie, and G.O. Shitta-Bey Energy storage in electrochemical capacitors: designing functional materials to improve performance Energy Environ Sci 3 2010 1238 1251
8. R. Kötz, and M. Carlen Principles and applications of electrochemical capacitors Electrochim Acta 45 2000 2483 2498
9. L.L. Zhang, and X. Zhao Carbon-based materials as supercapacitor electrodes Chem Soc Rev 38 2009 2520 2531
10. G. Wang, L. Zhang, and J. Zhang A review of electrode materials for electrochemical supercapacitors Chem Soc Rev 41 2012 797 828
11. E. Frackowiak Carbon materials for supercapacitor application Phys Chem Chem Phys 9 2007 1774 1785
12. E. Frackowiak, and F. Béguin Carbon materials for the electrochemical storage of energy in capacitors Carbon 39 2001 937 950
13. F. Wang, S. Xiao, Y. Hou, C. Hu, L. Liu, and Y.P. Wu Electrode materials for aqueous asymmetric supercapacitors RSC Adv 3 2013 13059 13084
14. H. Ji, X. Zhao, Z. Qiao, J. Jung, Y. Zhu, Y. Lu, L.L. Zhang, A.H. MacDonald, and R. Ruoff Capacitance of carbon-based electrical double-layer capacitors Nat Commun 5 2014 3317
15. L.L. Zhang, Y. Gu, and G. Zhao Advanced porous carbon electrodes for electrochemical capacitors J Mater Chem A 1 2013 9395 9408
16. F. Béguin, V. Presser, A. Balducci, and E. Frackowiak Carbons and electrolytes for advanced supercapacitors Adv Mater 26 2014 2219 2251
17. B.E. Conway Electrochemical supercapacitors: scientific fundamentals and technological applications 1999 Springer New York
18. G.A. Snook, P. Kao, and A.S. Best Conducting-polymer-based supercapacitor devices and electrodes J Power Sources 196 2011 1 12
19. 2 for next generation supercapacitors Nano Lett 6 2006 2690 2695
20. T. Cottineau, M. Toupin, T. Delahaye, T. Brousse, and D. Belanger Nanostructured transition metal oxides for aqueous hybrid electrochemical supercapacitors Appl Phys A 82 2006 599 606
21. 4 nanostructures with tunable morphology for application in supercapacitors Chem - Eur J 15 2009 5320 5326
22. W. Deng, X. Ji, Q. Chen, and C.E. Banks Electrochemical capacitors utilising transition metal oxides: an update of recent developments RSC Adv 1 2011 1171 1178
23. H.Y. Lee, and J.B. Goodenough Supercapacitor behavior with KCl electrolyte J Solid State Chem 144 1999 220 223
24. 2 electrode used in aqueous electrochemical capacitor Chem Mater 16 2004 3184 3190
25. Q. Lu, M.W. Lattanzi, Y. Chen, X. Kou, W. Li, and X. Fan Supercapacitor electrodes with high-energy and power densities prepared from monolithic NiO/Ni nanocomposites Angew Chem 123 2011 6979 6982
26. W. Wei, X. Cui, W. Chen, and D.G. Ivey Manganese oxide-based materials as electrochemical supercapacitor electrodes Chem Soc Rev 40 2011 1697 1721
27. O. Ghodbane, J.-L. Pascal, B. Fraisse, and F. Favier Structural in situ study of the thermal behavior of manganese dioxide materials: Toward selected electrode materials for supercapacitors ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2 2010 3493 3505
28. S. Zhang, and G. Chen Manganese oxide based materials for supercapacitors Energy Mater 3 2008 186 200
29. C. Xu, F. Kang, B. Li, and H. Du Recent progress on manganese dioxide based supercapacitors J Mater Res 25 2010 1421 1432
30. R. Liu, J. Duay, and S.B. Lee Heterogeneous nanostructured electrode materials for electrochemical energy storage Chem Commun 47 2011 1384 1404
31. J. Chae, K. Ng, and G. Chen Nanostructured materials for the construction of asymmetrical supercapacitors Proc Inst Mech Eng, A: J Power Energy 224 2010 479 503
32. S.C. Pang, M.A. Anderson, and T.W. Chapman Novel electrode materials for thin-film ultracapacitors: comparison of electrochemical properties of sol-gel-derived and electrodeposited manganese dioxide J Electrochem Soc 147 2000 444 450
33. C.-C. Hu, and T.-W. Tsou Capacitive and textural characteristics of hydrous manganese oxide prepared by anodic deposition Electrochim Acta 47 2002 3523 3532
34. 2 Electrochim Acta 50 2004 849 855
35. 2 electrochemical capacitor electrode material J Power Sources 132 2004 315 320
36. 2 as supercapacitor electrode: effects of physisorbed water and proton conduction Electrochim Acta 53 2008 4607 4614
37. 2 in mild solutions J Power Sources 184 2008 691 694
38. 2 as possible alternatives to amorphous compounds in electrochemical supercapacitors J Electrochem Soc 153 2006 A2171 A2180
39. M. Toupin, T. Brousse, and D. Bélanger Influence of microstructure on the charge storage properties of chemically synthesized manganese dioxide Chem Mater 14 2002 3946 3952
40. 2O supercapacitors in aqueous electrolytes J Electrochem Soc 153 2006 A1317 A1324
41. K.-W. Nam, M.G. Kim, and K.-B. Kim In situ Mn K-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy studies of electrodeposited manganese oxide films for electrochemical capacitors J Phys Chem C 111 2007 749 758
42. 2 electrolyte J Phys Chem C 112 2008 7270 7277
43. 2 on its electrochemical capacitance properties J Phys Chem C 112 2008 4406 4417
44. 2-based electrochemical supercapacitors ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 1 2009 1130 1139
45. 2: effects of crystal structure J Appl Crystallogr 46 2013 1128 1135
46. C. Xu, H. Du, B. Li, F. Kang, and Y. Zeng Capacitive behavior and charge storage mechanism of manganese dioxide in aqueous solution containing bivalent cations J Electrochem Soc 156 2009 A73 A78
47. C. Xu, H. Du, B. Li, F. Kang, and Y. Zeng Charge storage mechanism of manganese dioxide for capacitor application - effect of the mild electrolytes containing alkaline and alkaline-earth metal cations J Power Sources 196 2011 7854 7859
48. +) J Power Sources 196 2011 7860 7867
49. J.-K. Chang, M.-T. Lee, W.-T. Tsai, M.-J. Deng, H.-F. Cheng, and I.-W. Sun Pseudocapacitive mechanism of manganese oxide in 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium thiocyanate ionic liquid electrolyte studied using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy Langmuir 25 2009 11955 11960
50. J.-K. Chang, M.-T. Lee, W.-T. Tsai, M.-J. Deng, and I.-W. Sun X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and in situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy studies on reversible insertion/desertion of dicyanamide anions into/from manganese oxide in ionic liquid Chem Mater 21 2009 2688 2695
51. 2 originates from reversible insertion/desertion of thiocyanate anions studied using in situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy in ionic liquid electrolyte J Power Sources 195 2010 919 922
52. 2 electrodes in protic ionic liquids J Phys Chem C 117 2013 20397 20405
53. 2 as electrode material in neutral aqueous lithium salt for supercapacitor application J Phys Chem C 117 2013 7408 7422
54. M.-K. Song, S. Cheng, H. Chen, W. Qin, K.-W. Nam, and S. Xu Anomalous pseudocapacitive behavior of a nanostructured, mixed-valent manganese oxide film for electrical energy storage Nano Lett 12 2012 3483 3490
55. 4 nanocrystallites, and single-crystalline MnOOH nanowires for supercapacitors J Power Sources 196 2011 847 850
56. S.-B. Ma, K.-Y. Ahn, E.-S. Lee, K.-H. Oh, and K.-B. Kim Synthesis and characterization of manganese dioxide spontaneously coated on carbon nanotubes Carbon 45 2007 375 382
57. X. Jin, W. Zhou, S. Zhang, and G.Z. Chen Nanoscale microelectrochemical cells on carbon nanotubes Small 3 2007 1513 1517
58. X. Huang, H. Yue, A. Attia, and Y. Yang Preparation and properties of manganese oxide/carbon composites by reduction of potassium permanganate with acetylene black J Electrochem Soc 154 2007 A26 A29
59. 2 nanocomposites as freestanding electrodes for high-performance electrochemical capacitors Electrochim Acta 56 2011 9240 9247
60. 2 nanoparticle enrichment in poly (3, 4-ethylenedioxythiophene) nanowires for electrochemical energy storage ACS Nano 4 2010 4299 4307
61. 2 nanorods on conducting polymer nanofibers as a new class of hierarchical nanostructures for high-performance supercapacitors J Phys Chem C 116 2012 15900 15907
62. 2 coaxial nanofiber with hierarchical structure for high-performance supercapacitors J Mater Chem 22 2012 16939 16942
63. L. Pan, L. Pu, Y. Shi, S. Song, Z. Xu, and R. Zhang Synthesis of polyaniline nanotubes with a reactive template of manganese oxide Adv Mater 19 2007 461 464
64. 2 and their application in supercapacitors RSC Adv 4 2014 199 202
65. 2/polypyrrole nanotubular composites: reactive template synthesis, characterization and application as superior electrode materials for high-performance supercapacitors Electrochim Acta 130 2014 642 649
66. H. Zhang, G. Cao, Z. Wang, Y. Yang, Z. Shi, and Z. Gu Growth of manganese oxide nanoflowers on vertically-aligned carbon nanotube arrays for high-rate electrochemical capacitive energy storage Nano Lett 8 2008 2664 2668
67. 2/vertically aligned carbon nanotube composite for supercapacitor application J Power Sources 196 2011 5779 5783
68. Y. Wang, H. Liu, X. Sun, and I. Zhitomirsky Manganese dioxide-carbon nanotube nanocomposites for electrodes of electrochemical supercapacitors Scripta Mater 61 2009 1079 1082
69. 2/poly (3, 4-ethylenedioxythiophene) nanowires ACS Nano 5 2011 5608 5619
70. 2 nanowall hybrids Nano Res 4 2011 648 657
71. J. Liu, J. Essner, and J. Li Hybrid supercapacitor based on coaxially coated manganese oxide on vertically aligned carbon nanofiber arrays Chem Mater 22 2010 5022 5030
72. R.K. Sharma, and L. Zhai Multiwall carbon nanotube supported poly (3, 4-ethylenedioxythiophene)/manganese oxide nano-composite electrode for super-capacitors Electrochim Acta 54 2009 7148 7155
73. 2 nanocomposites for supercapacitors ACS Nano 4 2010 2822 2830
74. R.K. Sharma, A. Karakoti, S. Seal, and L. Zhai Multiwall carbon nanotube-poly (4-styrenesulfonic acid) supported polypyrrole/manganese oxide nano-composites for high performance electrochemical electrodes J Power Sources 195 2010 1256 1262
75. H. Zheng, F. Tang, Y. Jia, L. Wang, Y. Chen, and M. Lim Layer-by-layer assembly and electrochemical properties of sandwiched film of manganese oxide nanosheet and carbon nanotube Carbon 47 2009 1534 1542
76. 2 nanospheres and their application in supercapacitors ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 4 2012 1770 1776
77. J. Zhang, J. Jiang, and X. Zhao Synthesis and capacitive properties of manganese oxide nanosheets dispersed on functionalized graphene sheets J Phys Chem C 115 2011 6448 6454
78. 2/polyaniline hollow spheres and their application in electrochemical capacitors J Power Sources 204 2012 236 243
79. W. Xiao, D. Hu, C. Peng, and G.Z. Chen Interfacial synthesis: amphiphilic monomers assisted ultrarefining of mesoporous manganese oxide nanoparticles and the electrochemical implications ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 3 2011 3120 3129
80. 2 nanocomposite and its enhanced pseudocapacitive properties J Power Sources 196 2011 4088 4094
81. 2/polypyrrole nanorod composites for high-performance supercapacitors J Mater Chem 21 2011 10965 10969
82. C. Yuan, B. Gao, L. Shen, S. Yang, L. Hao, and X. Lu Hierarchically structured carbon-based composites: design, synthesis and their application in electrochemical capacitors Nanoscale 3 2011 529 545
83. D.S. Su, and R. Schlögl Nanostructured carbon and carbon nanocomposites for electrochemical energy storage applications ChemSusChem 3 2010 136 168
84. J.M. Schnorr, and T.M. Swager Emerging applications of carbon nanotubes Chem Mater 23 2010 646 657
85. V. Subramanian, H. Zhu, and B. Wei Synthesis and electrochemical characterizations of amorphous manganese oxide and single walled carbon nanotube composites as supercapacitor electrode materials Electrochem Commun 8 2006 827 832
86. 2-CNT nanocomposites and their electrochemical properties J Alloys Compd 499 2010 259 264
87. 2/activated carbon nanotube composite as an electrode material for supercapacitor Mater Chem Phys 114 2009 837 841
88. 2/CNT nanocomposite and its electrochemical performance for supercapacitors Mater Sci Eng B 176 2011 1073 1078
89. X. Xie, and L. Gao Characterization of a manganese dioxide/carbon nanotube composite fabricated using an in situ coating method Carbon 45 2007 2365 2373
90. 2 sheath hierarchy architecture for supercapacitors Nanoscale Res Lett 7 2012 1 10
91. 2 composites synthesized by microwave-assisted method for supercapacitors with high power and energy densities J Power Sources 194 2009 1202 1207
92. 2/carbon composites synthesized by spontaneous reduction for supercapacitor application Mater Chem Phys 130 2011 367 372
93. W. Chen, Z. Fan, L. Gu, X. Bao, and C. Wang Enhanced capacitance of manganese oxide via confinement inside carbon nanotubes Chem Commun 46 2010 3905 3907
94. L.L. Zhang, R. Zhou, and X. Zhao Graphene-based materials as supercapacitor electrodes J Mater Chem 20 2010 5983 5992
95. Y. Wang, Z. Shi, Y. Huang, Y. Ma, C. Wang, and M. Chen Supercapacitor devices based on graphene materials J Phys Chem C 113 2009 13103 13107
96. Y. Zhu, S. Murali, M.D. Stoller, K. Ganesh, W. Cai, and P.J. Ferreira Carbon-based supercapacitors produced by activation of graphene Science 332 2011 1537 1541
97. C. Liu, Z. Yu, D. Neff, A. Zhamu, and B.Z. Jang Graphene-based supercapacitor with an ultrahigh energy density Nano Lett 10 2010 4863 4868
98. K.S. Novoselov, A.K. Geim, S. Morozov, D. Jiang, Y. Zhang, and S. Dubonos Electric field effect in atomically thin carbon films Science 306 2004 666 669
99. 2 composites as supercapacitor electrodes Carbon 48 2010 3825 3833
100. 2 sheet composites and their electrochemical performances ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 5 2013 3317 3322
101. 2/graphene composite as electrode material for supercapacitors J Mater Sci 46 2011 3517 3522
102. 2-graphene with tunable energy density and power density for supercapacitor applications J Mater Chem 22 2012 7697 7700
103. 2 composites for supercapacitors: a controllable oxidation approach Nanoscale 3 2011 3185 3191
104. 2/graphene hybrid nanostructures for high-performance, flexible planar supercapacitors Nano Lett 12 2013 2151 2157
105. 2/graphene composites via a facile one-step hydrothermal method and their application in supercapacitors J Mater Chem A 1 2013 12818 12825
106. 2/graphene sheet composites and its electrochemical properties Mater Lett 82 2012 133 136
107. 4 nanorods on graphene sheets for supercapacitor electrodes with long cycle stability Chem Mater 24 2012 1158 1164
108. 2 nanowires arrays sandwiched between graphene nanosheets for supercapacitors Ceram Int 40 2013 1251 1255
109. 2 nanowires/graphene oxide nanosheets composite with high specific capacitance Electrochim Acta 116 2014 111 117
110. 2/graphene composites for supercapacitor electrodes: the effect of morphology, crystallinity and composition J Mater Chem 22 2012 1845 1851
111. 2 composites and their electrochemical properties as supercapacitors J Power Sources 196 2011 8160 8165
112. 2-decorated graphene by controlling the oxidization extent of graphene J Phys Chem C 116 2012 25226 25232
113. 2 hollow sphere hybrid nanostructures as high-performance electrochemical capacitors J Mater Chem 22 2012 25207 25216
114. W. Yang, Z. Gao, J. Wang, B. Wang, Q. Liu, and Z. Li Synthesis of reduced graphene nanosheet/urchin-like manganese dioxide composite and high performance as supercapacitor electrode Electrochim Acta 69 2012 112 119
115. R. Rakhi, W. Chen, D. Cha, and H. Alshareef High performance supercapacitors using metal oxide anchored graphene nanosheet electrodes J Mater Chem 21 2011 16197 16204
116. 2 nanorods/graphene composites for supercapacitor applications Electrochim Acta 111 2013 707 712
117. 2-graphene composites constructed using a supercritical fluid and wrapped with an ionic liquid J Mater Chem A 1 2013 3395 3405
118. 2 on graphene oxide sheets as novel electrode materials for high performance supercapacitor J Mater Chem A 1 2013 8587 8592
119. H. Jiang, J. Ma, and C. Li Mesoporous carbon incorporated metal oxide nanomaterials as supercapacitor electrodes Adv Mater 24 2012 4197 4202
120. 2 nanoparticles confined in ordered mesoporous carbon using a sonochemical method Adv Funct Mater 15 2005 381 386
121. 2-embedded-in-mesoporous-carbon-wall structure for use as electrochemical capacitors J Phys Chem B 110 2006 6015 6019
122. L.L. Zhang, T. Wei, W. Wang, and X. Zhao Manganese oxide-carbon composite as supercapacitor electrode materials Microporous Mesoporous Mater 123 2009 260 267
123. Y. Lei, C. Fournier, J.-L. Pascal, and F. Favier Mesoporous carbon-manganese oxide composite as negative electrode material for supercapacitors Microporous Mesoporous Mater 110 2008 167 176
124. 2-disordered mesoporous carbon nanocomposites: synthesis and characterization as electrochemical pseudocapacitor electrodes J Mater Chem 20 2010 390 398
125. 2/carbon aerogel composites as promising electrode materials for high-performance supercapacitors Langmuir 26 2010 2209 2213
126. Y. Peng, Z. Chen, J. Wen, Q. Xiao, D. Weng, and S. He Hierarchical manganese oxide/carbon nanocomposites for supercapacitor electrodes Nano Res 4 2011 216 225
127. H. Jiang, L. Yang, C. Li, C. Yan, P.S. Lee, and J. Ma High-rate electrochemical capacitors from highly graphitic carbon-tipped manganese oxide/mesoporous carbon/manganese oxide hybrid nanowires Energy Environ Sci 4 2011 1813 1819
128. Y.G. Wang, W. Wu, L. Cheng, P. He, C.X. Wang, and Y.Y. Xia A polyaniline-intercalated layered manganese oxide nanocomposite prepared by an inorganic/organic interface reaction and its high electrochemical performance for Li storage Adv Mater 20 2008 2166 2170
129. 2/polyaniline nanocomposite and its electrochemical capacitive property Nanoscale Res Lett 8 2013 1 8
130. 2 nanoparticles distributed in polyaniline for electrochemical capacitors Mater Chem Phys 124 2010 1151 1154
131. 2 nanotube hybrid nanocomposite as supercapacitor electrode material in acidic electrolyte J Mater Chem 21 2011 17601 17605
132. A. Sumboja, C.Y. Foo, J. Yan, C. Yan, R.K. Gupta, and P.S. Lee Significant electrochemical stability of manganese dioxide/polyaniline coaxial nanowires by self-terminated double surfactant polymerization for pseudocapacitor electrode J Mater Chem 22 2012 23921 23928
133. X. Zhang, L. Ji, S. Zhang, and W. Yang Synthesis of a novel polyaniline-intercalated layered manganese oxide nanocomposite as electrode material for electrochemical capacitor J Power Sources 173 2007 1017 1023
134. X.F. Yang, G.C. Wang, R.Y. Wang, and X.W. Li A novel layered manganese oxide/poly (aniline-co-anisidine) nanocomposite and its application for electrochemical supercapacitor Electrochim Acta 55 2010 5414 5419
135. Z.H. Dong, Y.L. Wei, W. Shi, and G.A. Zhang Characterisation of doped polypyrrole/manganese oxide nanocomposite for supercapacitor electrodes Mater Chem Phys 131 2011 529 534
136. 2/PPy composite for electrochemical capacitor Appl Surf Sci 256 2010 4339 4343
137. 2@polypyrrole coaxial nanotubes as electrode material for supercapacitors J Power Sources 241 2013 359 366
138. X. Zhang, W. Yang, and Y. Ma Synthesis of polypyrrole-intercalated layered manganese oxide nanocomposite by a delamination/reassembling method and its electrochemical capacitance performance Electrochem Solid-State Lett 12 2009 A95 A98
139. 2 composite electrodes for electrochemical capacitors Electrochim Acta 52 2007 7377 7385
140. 2 ternary coaxial nanostructures for supercapacitors J Power Sources 196 2011 565 572
141. S. Grover, S. Shekhar, R.K. Sharma, and G. Singh Multiwalled carbon nanotube supported polypyrrole manganese oxide composite supercapacitor electrode: role of manganese oxide dispersion in performance evolution Electrochim Acta 116 2014 137 145
142. 2/multiwall carbon nanotube (MWNT) composite Electrochim Acta 106 2013 135 142
143. 2 nanospheres/carbon nanotubes/conducting polymer ternary composite for high performance electrochemical electrodes Nano Lett 10 2010 2727 2733
144. 2/carbon nanotubes composite modified by polyaniline coating layer in acidic electrolytes Electrochim Acta 53 2008 7039 7047
145. 2 nanotube composite and its supercapacitor application Eur Phys J Appl Phys 58 2012 30403
146. 2-coated carbon nanotubes between graphene sheets as supercapacitor electrode ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 4 2012 1058 1064
147. R.B. Rakhi, W. Chen, D. Cha, and H. Alshareef Nanostructured ternary electrodes for energy-storage applications Adv Energy Mater 2 2012 381 389
148. 2 hybrid material for high-performance asymmetrical electrochemical capacitor Electrochim Acta 89 2012 191 198
149. 2 nanorods as high performance supercapacitor electrodes ChemSusChem 6 2013 474 480
150. 2 for high-rate supercapacitors ACS Sustain Chem Eng 2 2014 70 74
151. 2 synthesized via simultaneous-oxidation route J Alloys Compd 532 2012 1 9
152. 2 composites and their enhanced electrochemical capacitance J Appl Polym Sci 128 2013 1327 1331
153. J. Liu, G. Cao, Z. Yang, D. Wang, D. Dubois, and X. Zhou Oriented nanostructures for energy conversion and storage ChemSusChem 1 2008 676 697
154. 2 on well-aligned carbon nanotube arrays and its application in supercapacitors Diamond Relat Mater 17 2008 1943 1948
155. 2 double-walled nanotube arrays with fast ion and electron transmission for high-performance supercapacitors ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 6 2014 2726 2733
156. 2 on carbon nanotube array grown on carbon fabric Electrochim Acta 78 2012 515 523
157. 2 for super-capacitors J Power Sources 220 2012 160 168
158. 4 nanoparticles for electrodes of electrochemical supercapacitors Carbon 49 2011 1225 1234
159. 2/carbon nanotube hybrid coaxial arrays for high-power supercapacitor applications J Phys Chem C 114 2009 658 663
160. Z.-L. Wang, R. Guo, L.-X. Ding, Y.-X. Tong, and G.-R. Li Controllable template-assisted electrodeposition of single-and multi-walled nanotube arrays for electrochemical energy storage Sci Rep 3 2013 1204 1211
161. 2/poly (3, 4-ethylenedioxythiophene) coaxial nanowires by one-step coelectrodeposition for electrochemical energy storage J Am Chem Soc 130 2008 2942 2943
162. 2 sandwich-structured nanotube arrays with high supercapacitive performance for electrochemical energy storage Nano Lett 12 2012 3803 3807
163. 2/TiN heterogeneous nanostructure design for electrochemical energy storage Phys Chem Chem Phys 13 2011 15221 15226
164. 2/titanium nitride nanotube coaxial arrays for high performance electrochemical capacitive energy storage Energy Environ Sci 4 2011 3502 3508
165. 2 ultrathin nanosheet core/shell arrays: a new class of high-performance pseudocapacitive materials Adv Mater 23 2011 2076 2081
166. 2 nanowire arrays for high-performance supercapacitors Sci Rep 3 2013 2978 2985
167. P. Yang, X. Xiao, Y. Li, Y. Ding, P. Qiang, and X. Tan Hydrogenated ZnO core-shell nanocables for flexible supercapacitors and self-powered systems ACS Nano 7 2013 2617 2626
168. 2-NiO nanoflakes with high areal pseudocapacitance J Mater Chem 22 2012 2419 2426
169. 2 nanoflakes core-shell nanostructures Chem Commun 48 2012 2606 2608
170. 2 core-shell heterostructured nanowire arrays on Ni foam as high-performance supercapacitor electrodes Chem Commun 49 2013 137 139
171. 2 core-shell nanowire heterostructure arrays J Phys Chem C 117 2013 15523 15531
172. 2 nanofibril/nanowires: mechanism and supercapacitor properties ACS Nano 7 2013 1200 1214
173. 2/multi-walled carbon nanotube composites as electrode material in supercapacitors Mater Res Bull 43 2008 2085 2091
174. K.-W. Nam, C.-W. Lee, X.-Q. Yang, B.W. Cho, W.-S. Yoon, and K.-B. Kim Electrodeposited manganese oxides on three-dimensional carbon nanotube substrate: supercapacitive behaviour in aqueous and organic electrolytes J Power Sources 188 2009 323 331
175. 2/CNT/papers Synth Met 160 2010 2510 2514
176. R. Sharma, A. Rastogi, and S. Desu Manganese oxide embedded polypyrrole nanocomposites for electrochemical supercapacitor Electrochim Acta 53 2008 7690 7695
177. 2 composite electrode for high energy density electrochemical capacitor Electrochem Solid-State Lett 7 2004 A425 A428
178. Y. Wang, and I. Zhitomirsky Electrophoretic deposition of manganese dioxide-multiwalled carbon nanotube composites for electrochemical supercapacitors Langmuir 25 2009 9684 9689
179. 2 composites for high-power electrochemical energy storage/conversion applications Phys Scr T139 2010 014008 014012
180. 2-coated carbon nanotubes on a graphite sheet as a flexible electrode for supercapacitors Carbon 50 2012 5196 5202
181. S.F. Chin, and S.C. Pang Tetrapropylammonium-manganese oxide/polypyrrole hybrid nanocomposite thin films as novel electrode materials for supercapacitors Mater Chem Phys 124 2010 29 32
182. Z. Li, J. Wang, X. Liu, S. Liu, J. Ou, and S. Yang Electrostatic layer-by-layer self-assembly multilayer films based on graphene and manganese dioxide sheets as novel electrode materials for supercapacitors J Mater Chem 21 2011 3397 3403
183. S.W. Lee, J. Kim, S. Chen, P.T. Hammond, and Y. Shao-Horn Carbon nanotube/manganese oxide ultrathin film electrodes for electrochemical capacitors ACS Nano 4 2010 3889 3896
184. Z. Fan, J. Chen, M. Wang, K. Cui, H. Zhou, and Y. Kuang Preparation and characterization of manganese oxide/CNT composites as supercapacitive materials Diamond Relat Mater 15 2006 1478 1483
185. Z. Zhou, N. Cai, and Y. Zhou Capacitive of characteristics of manganese oxides and polyaniline composite thin film deposited on porous carbon Mater Chem Phys 94 2005 371 375
186. S.-J. Pan, Y.-J. Shih, J.-R. Chen, J.-K. Chang, and W.-T. Tsai Selective micro-etching of duplex stainless steel for preparing manganese oxide supercapacitor electrode J Power Sources 187 2009 261 267
187. X. Lang, A. Hirata, T. Fujita, and M. Chen Nanoporous metal/oxide hybrid electrodes for electrochemical supercapacitors Nat Nanotechnol 6 2011 232 236
188. 2@nanoporous gold based supercapacitors J Mater Chem A 1 2013 9202 9207
189. W. Yan, J.Y. Kim, W. Xing, K.C. Donavan, T. Ayvazian, and R.M. Penner Lithographically patterned gold/manganese dioxide core/shell nanowires for high capacity, high rate, and high cyclability hybrid electrical energy storage Chem Mater 24 2012 2382 2390
190. C.-L. Ho, and M.-S. Wu Manganese oxide nanowires grown on ordered macroporous conductive nickel scaffold for high-performance supercapacitors J Phys Chem C 115 2011 22068 22074
191. 2 nanowires supported on hollow Ni dendrites for high-performance supercapacitors Nanoscale 5 2013 4379 4387
192. 2 shell/Ni current collector core for high-performance supercapacitor electrodes J Mater Chem 22 2012 483 487
193. 2-PEDOT: PSS nanostructured composite for high areal mass, flexible asymmetric supercapacitor devices J Mater Chem A 1 2013 12432 12440
194. M.-S. Wu, Z.-S. Guo, and J.-J. Jow Highly regulated electrodeposition of needle-like manganese oxide nanofibers on carbon fiber fabric for electrochemical capacitors J Phys Chem C 114 2010 21861 21867
195. Y. Luo, J. Jiang, W. Zhou, H. Yang, J. Luo, and X. Qi Self-assembly of well-ordered whisker-like manganese oxide arrays on carbon fiber paper and its application as electrode material for supercapacitors J Mater Chem 22 2012 8634 8640
196. T. Bordjiba, and D. Bélanger Direct redox deposition of manganese oxide on multiscaled carbon nanotube/microfiber carbon electrode for electrochemical capacitor J Electrochem Soc 156 2009 A378 A384
197. L.-J. Sun, and X.-X. Liu Electrodepositions and capacitive properties of hybrid films of polyaniline and manganese dioxide with fibrous morphologies Eur Polym J 44 2008 219 224
198. L.-J. Sun, X.-X. Liu, K.K.-T. Lau, L. Chen, and W.M. Gu Electrodeposited hybrid films of polyaniline and manganese oxide in nanofibrous structures for electrochemical supercapacitor Electrochim Acta 53 2008 3036 3042
199. L. Chen, L.-J. Sun, F. Luan, Y. Liang, Y. Li, and X.-X. Liu Synthesis and pseudocapacitive studies of composite films of polyaniline and manganese oxide nanoparticles J Power Sources 195 2010 3742 3747
200. 2-carbon fiber hybrid structure Sci Rep 3 3 2013 2286 2292
201. 2 core/shell nanocable-carbon microfiber hybrid composites for high-performance supercapacitor electrodes Nano Lett 11 2011 1215 1220
202. 2 core-shell nanowires on carbon fabric for high-performance flexible supercapacitors Adv Mater 24 2012 938 944
203. 2 within ultraporous carbon structures via self-limiting electroless deposition: implications for electrochemical capacitors Nano Lett 7 2007 281 286
204. J.C. Lytle, J.M. Wallace, M.B. Sassin, A.J. Barrow, J.W. Long, and J.L. Dysart The right kind of interior for multifunctional electrode architectures: carbon nanofoam papers with aperiodic submicrometre pore networks interconnected in 3D Energy Environ Sci 4 2011 1913 1925
205. L. Hu, M. Pasta, F.L. Mantia, L. Cui, S. Jeong, and H.D. Deshazer Stretchable, porous, and conductive energy textiles Nano Lett 10 2010 708 714
206. W. Chen, R. Rakhi, L. Hu, X. Xie, Y. Cui, and H. Alshareef High-performance nanostructured supercapacitors on a sponge Nano Lett 11 2011 5165 5172
207. 2-carbon nanotube-textile nanostructures for wearable pseudocapacitors with high mass loading ACS Nano 5 2011 8904 8913
208. 2 nanostructured textiles for high-performance electrochemical capacitors Nano Lett 11 2011 2905 2911
209. 2 nanostructured electrodes by conductive wrapping Nano Lett 11 2011 4438 4442
210. M. Jin, G. Han, Y. Chang, H. Zhao, and H. Zhang Flexible electrodes based on polypyrrole/manganese dioxide/polypropylene fibrous membrane composite for supercapacitor Electrochim Acta 56 2011 9838 9845
211. 2 nanowires on carbon nanotube paper as free-standing, flexible electrode for supercapacitors Electrochem Commun 10 2008 1724 1727
212. 2 hybrid films Nano Energy 1 2012 479 487
213. N. Wang, C. Wu, J. Li, G. Dong, and L. Guan Binder-free manganese oxide/carbon nanomaterials thin film electrode for supercapacitors ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 3 2011 4185 4189
214. x composites for high-performance energy storage devices Nano Lett 11 2011 2611 2617
215. 2 sponge as freestanding, compressible supercapacitor electrode ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 6 2014 5228 5234
216. M. Inagaki, Y. Yang, and F. Kang Carbon nanofibers prepared via electrospinning Adv Mater 24 2012 2547 2566
217. V. Thavasi, G. Singh, and S. Ramakrishna Electrospun nanofibers in energy and environmental applications Energy Environ Sci 1 2008 205 221
218. 2/CNTs-embedded carbon nanofibers nanocomposites for supercapacitors Electrochim Acta 75 2012 213 219
219. J.-G. Wang, Y. Yang, Z.-H. Huang, and F. Kang Incorporation of nanostructured manganese dioxide into carbon nanofibers and its electrochemical performance Mater Lett 72 2012 18 21
220. 2@carbon nanofibers composites electrodes in mild electrolyte J Power Sources 224 2013 86 92
221. 2 coaxial nano-cables for high energy and power density supercapacitors J Power Sources 208 2012 345 353
222. 2/conducting polypyrrole@carbon nanofiber triaxial nano-cables for high-performance supercapacitors J Mater Chem 22 2012 16943 16949
223. 2/reduced graphene oxide composite as high-performance electrode for flexible supercapacitors Inorg Chem Commun 30 2013 1 4
224. 2 composite papers for supercapacitor electrodes J Mater Chem 21 2011 14706 14711
225. 2 particle shape and its use as a supercapacitor electrode Carbon 50 2012 4865 4870
226. 2 composite networks as ultralight and flexible supercapacitor electrodes ACS Nano 7 2012 174 182
227. M. Kim, Y. Hwang, and J. Kim Fabrication of graphene-carbon nanotube papers decorated with manganese oxide nanoneedles on the graphene sheets for supercapacitors Phys Chem Chem Phys 16 2014 351 361
228. Y. Cheng, S. Lu, H. Zhang, C.V. Varanasi, and J. Liu Synergistic effects from graphene and carbon nanotubes enable flexible and robust electrodes for high-performance supercapacitors Nano Lett 12 2012 4206 4211
229. H. Jiang, P.S. Lee, and C. Li 3D carbon based nanostructures for advanced supercapacitors Energy Environ Sci 6 2013 41 53
230. 2 nanoarchitectures stable in acid electrolytes Nano Lett 3 2003 1155 1161
231. B. Messaoudi, S. Joiret, M. Keddam, and H. Takenouti Anodic behaviour of manganese in alkaline medium Electrochim Acta 46 2001 2487 2498
232. 2-carbon nanoarchitectures exhibit battery and capacitor characteristics in alkaline electrolytes J Phys Chem C 113 2009 17595 17598
233. 2 in alkaline medium studied with a microcavity electrode: effect of oxidizing agent J Mater Sci Technol 27 2011 585 593
234. 2 as electrode material for supercapacitor J Solid State Electrochem 11 2007 1101 1107
235. Y. Jeong, and A. Manthiram Nanocrystalline manganese oxides for electrochemical capacitors with neutral electrolytes J Electrochem Soc 149 2002 A1419 A1422
236. 2 aqueous electrochemical supercapacitor J Power Sources 173 2007 633 641
237. M.S. Hong, S.H. Lee, and S.W. Kim Use of KCl aqueous electrolyte for 2 V manganese oxide/activated carbon hybrid capacitor Electrochem Solid-State Lett 5 2002 A227 A230
238. 2 nanorods hybrid structure ACS Nano 6 2011 656 661
239. 2-carbon nanotube-graphene-Ni hybrid foam as a binder-free supercapacitor electrode Nanoscale 6 2014 1079 1085
240. M. Yu, T. Zhai, X. Lu, X. Chen, S. Xie, and W. Li Manganese dioxide nanorod arrays on carbon fabric for flexible solid-state supercapacitors J Power Sources 229 2013 64 71
241. 2 in a non-aqueous electrolyte J Mater Chem 20 2010 3883 3889
242. 2 nanoparticles in a room-temperature ionic liquid Langmuir 24 2008 3602 3610
243. 2 and activated carbon nanofiber electrodes with high power and energy density Adv Funct Mater 21 2011 2366 2375
244. 2 nanofiber electrodes Carbon 61 2013 190 199
245. J. Zhang, and X. Zhao On the configuration of supercapacitors for maximizing electrochemical performance ChemSusChem 5 2012 818 841
246. 2 supercapacitor J Power Sources 196 2011 580 586
247. V. Khomenko, E. Raymundo-Pinero, and F. Béguin Optimisation of an asymmetric manganese oxide/activated carbon capacitor working at 2 V in aqueous medium J Power Sources 153 2006 183 190
248. V. Khomenko, E. Raymundo-Pinero, E. Frackowiak, and F. Beguin High-voltage asymmetric supercapacitors operating in aqueous electrolyte Appl Phys A 82 2006 567 573
249. 3 nanosheets with high energy density Adv Funct Mater 23 2013 5074 5083
250. C. Xu, H. Du, B. Li, F. Kang, and Y. Zeng Asymmetric activated carbon-manganese dioxide capacitors in mild aqueous electrolytes containing alkaline-earth cations J Electrochem Soc 156 2009 A435 A441
251. 2 nanowire/graphene and graphene asymmetric electrochemical capacitors ACS Nano 4 2010 5835 5842
252. X. Zhao, L. Zhang, S. Murali, M.D. Stoller, Q. Zhang, and Y. Zhu Incorporation of manganese dioxide within ultraporous activated graphene for high-performance electrochemical capacitors ACS Nano 6 2012 5404 5412
253. 2 and graphene asymmetrical electrochemical capacitor with a high energy density in aqueous electrolyte J Power Sources 196 2011 10782 10787
254. 2 nanorod and graphene/Ag hybrid thin-film electrodes J Mater Chem C 1 2013 1245 1251
255. 2-graphene composites with large areal capacitance for high-performance asymmetric supercapacitors Nanoscale 5 2013 6790 6796
256. 2/graphene hydrogel for high-performance asymmetric supercapacitor J Mater Chem A 2 2013 2765 2772
257. W. Chen, Y. He, X. Li, J. Zhou, Z. Zhang, and C. Zhao Facilitated charge transport in ternary interconnected electrodes for flexible supercapacitors with excellent power characteristics Nanoscale 5 2013 11733 11741
258. Y. Cheng, H. Zhang, S. Lu, C.V. Varanasi, and J. Liu Flexible asymmetric supercapacitors with high energy and high power density in aqueous electrolytes Nanoscale 5 2013 1067 1073
259. C.-C. Liu, D.-S. Tsai, W.-H. Chung, K.-W. Li, K.-Y. Lee, and Y.-S. Huang Electrochemical micro-capacitors of patterned electrodes loaded with manganese oxide and carbon nanotubes J Power Sources 196 2011 5761 5768
260. 2 and nitrogen-doped carbon nanofiber electrode materials: an asymmetric supercapacitor with high energy and power Density Adv Mater 25 2013 4846 4852
261. 2 nanofibers grown on graphitic carbon spheres as high-performance asymmetric supercapacitor electrodes J Mater Chem 22 2012 153 160
262. 2/carbon nanocomposites as high-performance electrodes for asymmetric supercapacitors Phys Chem Chem Phys 15 2013 19730 19740
263. 2 nanocomposites working at 1.7 V in aqueous electrolyte ECS Trans 16 2008 153 162
264. 2 nanocomposites J Electrochem Soc 156 2009 A846 A853
265. P.-C. Chen, G. Shen, Y. Shi, H. Chen, and C. Zhou Preparation and characterization of flexible asymmetric supercapacitors based on transition-metal-oxide nanowire/single-walled carbon nanotube hybrid thin-film electrodes ACS Nano 4 2010 4403 4411
266. 2@C core-shell nanowires for high performance and flexible asymmetric supercapacitors Adv Mater 25 2013 267 272
267. 2/ZnO core-shell nanorods//specially reduced graphene oxide J Mater Chem C 2 2014 1331 1336
268. Y.J. Kang, H. Chung, and W. Kim 1.8-V flexible supercapacitors with asymmetric configuration based on manganese oxide, carbon nanotubes, and a gel electrolyte Synth Met 166 2013 40 44
269. 2 hybrids and their all-solid-state asymmetric supercapacitors Nanoscale 6 2014 4233 4242
270. 4 nanoparticle/graphene paper electrodes ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 4 2012 7020 7026
271. 2 nanocomposite papers for the electrode of high-performance flexible asymmetric supercapacitors ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 5 2013 3408 3416