Heat waves and morbidity: Current knowledge and further direction-a comprehensive literature review

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health

Volumn 12, Issue 5, 2015, Pages 5256-5283

  Li, Mengmeng ^a,b,c   Gu, Shaohua ^a,c   Bi, Peng ^d   Yang, Jun ^a,c   Liu, Qiyong ^a,c  

^a CHINESE CENTER FOR DISEASE CONTROL AND PREVENTION   (China)

^b INSTITUTE OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES   (China)

^c SHANDONG UNIVERSITY   (China)

^d UNIVERSITY OF ADELAIDE   (Australia)

Author keywords

Emergency medical care; Heat waves; Hospitalization; Morbidity

Indexed keywords

NITROUS OXIDE; OZONE;

ACTION PLAN; EARLY WARNING SYSTEM; GUIDELINE; HEALTH CARE; HEALTH POLICY; HEAT FLOW; HOSPITAL SECTOR; LITERATURE REVIEW; MORBIDITY; PUBLIC HEALTH; SOCIOECONOMIC IMPACT;

AGE; AIR POLLUTION; AUSTRALIA; CANADA; CHINA; CHRONIC DISEASE; EMERGENCY CARE; EUROPE; GENDER; HEALTH CARE NEED; HEAT SENSITIVITY; HEAT WAVE; HOSPITAL ADMISSION; HUMAN; HUMIDITY; MORBIDITY; OUTPATIENT CARE; PARTICULATE MATTER; REVIEW; SOCIAL STATUS; THERMAL EXPOSURE; UNITED STATES; VULNERABLE POPULATION; WEATHER; ADVERSE EFFECTS; AGED; CHILD; EMERGENCY HEALTH SERVICE; HEALTH STATUS; HEAT; HOSPITALIZATION; KNOWLEDGE; MALE; PRESCHOOL CHILD; PUBLIC HEALTH;

AGE FACTORS; AGED; CHILD; CHILD, PRESCHOOL; EMERGENCY MEDICAL SERVICES; EXTREME HEAT; HEALTH STATUS; HOSPITALIZATION; HOT TEMPERATURE; HUMANS; KNOWLEDGE; MALE; MORBIDITY; PUBLIC HEALTH; VULNERABLE POPULATIONS;

EID: 84930651517     PISSN: 16617827     EISSN: 16604601     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph120505256     Document Type: Review

References (64)

1. IPCC. Climate Change 2013: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change; Cambridge University Press: Cambridge, UK, 2013.
2. IPCC. Managing the Risks of Extreme Events and Disasters to Advance Climate Change Adaptation. A Special Report of Working Groups I and II of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change; Cambridge University Press: Cambridge, UK, 2012.
3. Astrom, D.O.; Forsberg, B.; Rocklov, J. Heat wave impact on morbidity and mortality in the elderly population: A review of recent studies. Maturitas 2011, 69, 99–105.
4. Martiello, M.A.; Baldasseroni, A.; Buiatti, E.; Giacchi, M.V. Health effects of heat waves. PMC 2008, 64, 735–772.
5. Xu, Z.; Etzel, R.A.; Su, H.; Huang, C.; Guo, Y.; Tong, S. Impact of ambient temperature on children’s health: A systematic review. Environ. Res. 2012, 117, 120–131.
6. Fouillet, A.; Rey, G.; Laurent, F.; Pavillon, G.; Bellec, S.; Guihenneuc-Jouyaux, C.; Clavel, J.; Jougla, E.; Hemon, D. Excess mortality related to the august 2003 heat wave in france. Int. Arch. Occup. Environ. Health 2006, 80, 16–24.
7. Semenza, J.C.; Rubin, C.H.; Falter, K.H.; Selanikio, J.D.; Flanders, W.D.; Howe, H.L.; Wilhelm, J.L. Heat-related deaths during the july 1995 heat wave in chicago. N. Engl. J. Med. 1996, 335, 84–90.
8. Meehl, G.A.; Tebaldi, C. More intense, more frequent, and longer lasting heat waves in the 21st century. Science 2004, 305, 994–997.
9. Ye, X.; Wolff, R.; Yu, W.; Vaneckova, P.; Pan, X.; Tong, S. Ambient temperature and morbidity: A review of epidemiological evidence. Environ. Health Perspect. 2012, 120, 19–28.
10. Turner, L.R.; Connell, D.; Tong, S. The effect of heat waves on ambulance attendances in Brisbane, Australia. Prehosp. Disaster Med. 2013, 28, 482–487.
11. Wang, X.Y.; Barnett, A.G.; Yu, W.; FitzGerald, G.; Tippett, V.; Aitken, P.; Neville, G.; McRae, D.; Verrall, K.; Tong, S. The impact of heatwaves on mortality and emergency hospital admissions from non-external causes in Brisbane, Australia. Occup. Environ. Med. 2012, 69, 163–169.
12. Tong, S.; Wang, X.Y.; Guo, Y. Assessing the short-term effects of heatwaves on mortality and morbidity in Brisbane, australia: Comparison of case-crossover and time series analyses. PLoS One 2012, doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0037500.
13. Schaffer, A.; Muscatello, D.; Broome, R.; Corbett, S.; Smith, W. Emergency department visits, ambulance calls, and mortality associated with an exceptional heat wave in Sydney, Australia, 2011: A time-series analysis. Environ. Health 2012, doi:10.1186/1476-069X-11-3.
14. Mayner, L.; Arbon, P.; Usher, K. Emergency department patient presentations during the 2009 heatwaves in Adelaide. Collegian 2010, 17, 175–182.
15. Bustinza, R.; Lebel, G.; Gosselin, P.; Belanger, D.; Chebana, F. Health impacts of the July 2010 heat wave in Quebec, Canada. BMC Public Health 2013, doi:10.1186/1471-2458-13-56.
16. Tong, S.; Wang, X.Y.; Barnett, A.G. Assessment of heat-related health impacts in Brisbane, Australia: Comparison of different heatwave definitions. PLoS One 2010,doi:10.1371/journal.pone.012155.
17. Bulbena, A.; Sperry, L.; Garcia Rivera, C.; Merino, A.; Mateu, G.; Torrens, M.; San Gil, J.; Cunillera, J. Impact of the summer 2003 heat wave on the activity of two psychiatric emergency departments. Actas Esp. Psiquiatria 2009, 37, 158–165.
18. Cerutti, B.; Tereanu, C.; Domenighetti, G.; Cantoni, E.; Gaia, M.; Bolgiani, I.; Lazzaro, M.; Cassis, I. Temperature related mortality and ambulance service interventions during the heat waves of 2003 in Ticino (Switzerland). Soz. Praventivmed. 2006, 51, 185–193.
19. Johnson, H.; Kovats, R.S.; McGregor, G.; Stedman, J.; Gibbs, M.; Walton, H.; Cook, L.; Black, E. The impact of the 2003 heat wave on mortality and hospital admissions in England. Health Stat. Qual. 2005, 6–11.
20. Kovats, R.S.; Hajat, S.; Wilkinson, P. Contrasting patterns of mortality and hospital admissions during hot weather and heat waves in greater London, UK. Occup. Environ. Med. 2004, 61, 893–898.
21. Leonardi, G.S.; Hajat, S.; Kovats, R.S.; Smith, G.E.; Cooper, D.; Gerard, E. Syndromic surveillance use to detect the early effects of heat-waves: An analysis of nhs direct data in England. Soz. Praventivmed. 2006, 51, 194–201.
22. Gronlund, C.J.; Zanobetti, A.; Schwartz, J.D.; Wellenius, G.A.; O’Neill, M.S. Heat, heat waves, and hospital admissions among the elderly in the United States, 1992–2006. Environ. Health Perspect. 2014, 122, 1187–1192.
23. Wang, X.Y.; Barnett, A.; Guo, Y.M.; Yu, W.W.; Shen, X.M.; Tong, S.L. Increased risk of emergency hospital admissions for children with renal diseases during heatwaves in Brisbane, Australia. World J. Pediatr. 2014, doi:10.1007/s12519-014-0469-x.
24. Williams, S.; Nitschke, M.; Weinstein, P.; Pisaniello, D.L.; Parton, K.A.; Bi, P. The impact of summer temperatures and heatwaves on mortality and morbidity in Perth, Australia 1994–2008. Environ. Int. 2012, 40, 33–38.
25. Nitschke, M.; Tucker, G.R.; Hansen, A.L.; Williams, S.; Zhang, Y.; Bi, P. Impact of two recent extreme heat episodes on morbidity and mortality in Adelaide, south Australia: A case-series analysis. Environ. Health 2011, doi:10.1186/1476-069X-10-42.
26. Knowlton, K.; Rotkin-Ellman, M.; King, G.; Margolis, H.G.; Smith, D.; Solomon, G.; Trent, R.; English, P. The 2006 california heat wave: Impacts on hospitalizations and emergency department visits. Environ. Health Perspect. 2009, 117, 61–67.
27. Nitschke, M.; Tucker, G.R.; Bi, P. Morbidity and mortality during heatwaves in metropolitan Adelaide. Med. J. Aust. 2007, 187, 662–665.
28. Lindstrom, S.J.; Nagalingam, V.; Newnham, H.H. Impact of the 2009 melbourne heatwave on a major public hospital. Intern. Med. J. 2013, 43, 1246–1250.
29. Ma, W.; Xu, X.; Peng, L.; Kan, H. Impact of extreme temperature on hospital admission in Shanghai, China. Sci. Total Environ. 2011, 409, 3634–3637.
30. Semenza, J.C.; McCullough, J.E.; Flanders, W.D.; McGeehin, M.A.; Lumpkin, J.R. Excess hospital admissions during the July 1995 heat wave in chicago. Amer. J. Prev. Med. 1999, 16, 269–277.
31. Van Zutphen, A.R.; Lin, S.; Fletcher, B.A.; Hwang, S.A. A population-based case-control study of extreme summer temperature and birth defects. Environ. Health Perspect. 2012, 120, 1443–1449.
32. Bai, L.; Ding, G.; Gu, S.; Bi, P.; Su, B.; Qin, D.; Xu, G.; Liu, Q. The effects of summer temperature and heat waves on heat-related illness in a coastal city of China, 2011–2013. Environ. Res. 2014, 132, 212–219.
33. Ha, S.; Talbott, E.O.; Kan, H.; Prins, C.A.; Xu, X. The effects of heat stress and its effect modifiers on stroke hospitalizations in allegheny county, pennsylvania. Int. Arch. Occup. Environ. Health 2014, 87, 557–565.
34. Hansen, A.; Bi, P.; Nitschke, M.; Ryan, P.; Pisaniello, D.; Tucker, G. The effect of heat waves on mental health in a temperate Australian city. Environ. Health Perspect. 2008, 116, 1369–1375.
35. Empana, J.P.; Sauval, P.; Ducimetiere, P.; Tafflet, M.; Carli, P.; Jouven, X. Increase in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest attended by the medical mobile intensive care units, but not myocardial infarction, during the 2003 heat wave in Paris, France. Crit. Care Med. 2009, 37, 3079–3084.
36. Hansen, A.L.; Bi, P.; Ryan, P.; Nitschke, M.; Pisaniello, D.; Tucker, G. The effect of heat waves on hospital admissions for renal disease in a temperate city of Australia. Int. J. Epidemiol. 2008, 37, 1359–1365.
37. Manser, C.N.; Paul, M.; Rogler, G.; Held, L.; Frei, T. Heat waves, incidence of infectious gastroenteritis, and relapse rates of inflammatory bowel disease: A retrospective controlled observational study. Amer. J. Gastroenterol. 2013, 108, 1480–1485.
38. Mastrangelo, G.; Fedeli, U.; Visentin, C.; Milan, G.; Fadda, E.; Spolaore, P. Pattern and determinants of hospitalization during heat waves: An ecologic study. BMC Public Health 2007, doi:10.1186/1471-2458-7-200.
39. Sheridan, S.C.; Lin, S. Assessing variability in the impacts of heat on health outcomes in New York city over time, season, and heat-wave duration. Ecohealth 2014, 11, 512–515.
40. Schifano, P.; Lallo, A.; Asta, F.; de Sario, M.; Davoli, M.; Michelozzi, P. Effect of ambient temperature and air pollutants on the risk of preterm birth, Rome 2001–2010. Environ. Int. 2013, 61, 77–87.
41. Kent, S.T.; McClure, L.A.; Zaitchik, B.F.; Smith, T.T.; Gohlke, J.M. Heat waves and health outcomes in Alabama (USA): The importance of heat wave definition. Environ. Health Perspect. 2014, 122, 151–158.
42. Xiang, J.; Bi, P.; Pisaniello, D.; Hansen, A. The impact of heatwaves on workers’health and safety in Adelaide, south Australia. Environ. Res. 2014, 133, 90–95.
43. Martiello, M.A.; Giacchi, M.V. High temperatures and health outcomes: A review of the literature. Scand. J. Public Health 2010, 38, 826–837.
44. Blatteis, C.M. Age-dependent changes in temperature regulation—A mini review. Gerontology 2012, 58, 289–295.
45. Kenny, G.P.; Yardley, J.; Brown, C.; Sigal, R.J.; Jay, O. Heat stress in older individuals and patients with common chronic diseases. CMAJ 2010, 182, 1053–1060.
46. Nitschke, M.; Hansen, A.; Bi, P.; Pisaniello, D.; Newbury, J.; Kitson, A.; Tucker, G.; Avery, J.; Grande, E.D. Risk factors, health effects and behaviour in older people during extreme heat: A survey in south australia. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2013, 10, 6721–6733.
47. Josseran, L.; Caillere, N.; Brun-Ney, D.; Rottner, J.; Filleul, L.; Brucker, G.; Astagneau, P. Syndromic surveillance and heat wave morbidity: A pilot study based on emergency departments in France. BMC Med Inform Decis. Mak. 2009, doi:10.1186/1472-6947-9-14.
48. Xu, Z.; Sheffield, P.E.; Su, H.; Wang, X.; Bi, Y.; Tong, S. The impact of heat waves on children’s health: A systematic review. Int. J. Biometeorol. 2013, doi:10.1007/s00484-013-0655-x.
49. Wichmann, J.; Andersen, Z.J.; Ketzel, M.; Ellermann, T.; Loft, S. Apparent temperature and cause-specific mortality in Copenhagen, Denmark: A case-crossover analysis. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2011, 8, 3712–3727.
50. Kravchenko, J.; Abernethy, A.P.; Fawzy, M.; Lyerly, H.K. Minimization of heatwave morbidity and mortality. Amer. J. Prev. Med. 2013, 44, 274–282.
51. Yang, J.; Liu, H.Z.; Ou, C.Q.; Lin, G.Z.; Ding, Y.; Zhou, Q.; Shen, J.C.; Chen, P.Y. Impact of heat wave in 2005 on mortality in Guangzhou, China. Biomed. Environ. Sci. 2013, 26, 647–654.
52. Hansen, A.; Bi, P.; Saniotis, A.; Nitschke, M.; Benson, J.; Tan, Y.; Smyth, V.; Wilson, L.; Han, G.-S. Extreme heat and climate change: Adaptation in culturally and linguistically diverse (cald) communities; National Climate Change Adaptation Research Facility: Gold Coast, Australia, 2013.
53. Vandentorren, S.; Bretin, P.; Zeghnoun, A.; Mandereau-Bruno, L.; Croisier, A.; Cochet, C.; Riberon, J.; Siberan, I.; Declercq, B.; Ledrans, M. August 2003 heat wave in france: Risk factors for death of elderly people living at home. Eur. J. Public Health 2006, 16, 583–591.
54. Smith, T.T.; Zaitchik, B.F.; Gohlke, J.M. Heat waves in the united states: Definitions, patterns and trends. Clim. Change 2013, 118, 811–825.
55. Anderson, G.B.; Bell, M.L. Heat waves in the united states: Mortality risk during heat waves and effect modification by heat wave characteristics in 43 U.S. Communities. Environ. Health Perspect. 2011, 119, 210–218.
56. Nairn, J.R.; Fawcett, R.J. The excess heat factor: A metric for heatwave intensity and its use in classifying heatwave severity. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2014, 12, 227–253.
57. Zhang, K.; Chen, Y.H.; Schwartz, J.D.; Rood, R.B.; O’Neill, M.S. Using forecast and observed weather data to assess performance of forecast products in identifying heat waves and estimating heat wave effects on mortality. Environ. Health Perspect. 2014, 122, 912–918.
58. Zhang, K.; Rood, R.B.; Michailidis, G.; Oswald, E.M.; Schwartz, J.D.; Zanobetti, A.; Ebi, K.L.; O’Neill, M.S. Comparing exposure metrics for classifying ―dangerous heat‖ in heat wave and health warning systems. Environ. Int. 2012, 46, 23–29.
59. Zhang, K.; Li, Y.; Schwartz, J.D.; O’Neill, M.S. What weather variables are important in predicting heat-related mortality? A new application of statistical learning methods. Environ. Res. 2014, 132, 350–359.
60. Green, H.K.; Andrews, N.J.; Bickler, G.; Pebody, R.G. Rapid estimation of excess mortality: Nowcasting during the heatwave alert in england and wales in june 2011. J. Epidemiol. Community Health 2012, 66, 866–868.
61. Michelozzi, P.; de’Donato, F.K.; Bargagli, A.M.; D’Ippoliti, D.; De Sario, M.; Marino, C.; Schifano, P.; Cappai, G.; Leone, M.; Kirchmayer, U., et al. Surveillance of summer mortality and preparedness to reduce the health impact of heat waves in Italy. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2010, 7, 2256–2273.
62. Cox, B.; Wuillaume, F.; Van Oyen, H.; Maes, S. Monitoring of all-cause mortality in belgium (be-momo): A new and automated system for the early detection and quantification of the mortality impact of public health events. Int. J. Public Health 2010, 55, 251–259.
63. Josseran, L.; Fouillet, A.; Caillere, N.; Brun-Ney, D.; Ilef, D.; Brucker, G.; Medeiros, H.; Astagneau, P. Assessment of a syndromic surveillance system based on morbidity data: Results from the oscour network during a heat wave. PLoS One 2010,doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0011984.
64. Price, K.; Perron, S.; King, N. Implementation of the montreal heat response plan during the 2010 heat wave. Can. J. Public Health 2013, 104, 96–100.