Anatomical networks reveal the musculoskeletal modularity of the human head

Scientific Reports

Volumn 5, Issue , 2015, Pages

  Esteve Altava, Borja ^a   Diogo, Rui ^b   Smith, Christopher ^b   Boughner, Julia C ^c   Rasskin Gutman, Diego ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF VALENCIA   (Spain)

^b HOWARD UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF SASKATCHEWAN   (Canada)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANATOMY AND HISTOLOGY; AUDIOVISUAL EQUIPMENT; EVOLUTION; HEAD; HUMAN; MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM; PHENOTYPE;

BIOLOGICAL EVOLUTION; HEAD; HUMANS; MODELS, ANATOMIC; MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM; PHENOTYPE;

EID: 84930617296     PISSN: None     EISSN: 20452322     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1038/srep08298     Document Type: Article

References (30)

1. Jacob, F. Evolution and tinkering. Science 196, 1161-1166 (1977).
2. Wagner, G. P. & Zhang, J. The pleiotropic structure of the genotype-phenotype map: the evolvability of complex organisms. Nat. Rev. Genet. 12, 204-213 (2011).
3. Rasskin-Gutman, D. & Esteve-Altava, B. Connecting the Dots: Anatomical Network Analysis in Morphological EvoDevo. Biol. Theory 9, 178-193 (2014).
4. Knight, C. G.&Pinney, J. W. Making the right connections: biological networks in the light of evolution. BioEssays 31, 1080-1090 (2009).
5. Fortunato, S. Community detection in graphs. Physical Rep. 486, 75-174 (2010).
6. Bastir, M. A systems-model for the morphological analysis of integration and modularity in human craniofacial evolution. J. Anthropol. Sci. 86, 37-58 (2008).
7. Klingenberg, C. P. Evolution and development of shape: Integrating quantitative approaches. Nat. Rev. Genet. 11, 623-635, doi: 10.1038/nrg2829 (2010).
8. Koyabu, D. et al. Mammalian skull heterochrony reveals modular evolution and a link between cranial development and brain size. Nat. Comm. 5, 3625 (2014).
9. Esteve-Altava, B., Marugán-Lobón, J., Botella, H., Bastir, M. & Rasskin-Gutman, D. Grist for Riedl's mill: A network model perspective on the integration and modularity of the human skull. J. Exp. Zool. (Mol. Dev. Evol.) 320, 489-500 (2013).
10. Esteve-Altava, B. & Rasskin-Gutman, D. Evo-Devo insights from pathological networks: Exploring craniosynostosis as a developmental mechanism for modularity and complexity in the human skull. J. Anthropol. Sci. 93, 1-15 (2015).
11. Diogo, R. & Wood, B. The broader evolutionary lessons to be learned from a comparative and phylogenetic analysis of primate muscle morphology. Biol. Rev. 88, 988-1001 (2013).
12. Moss, M. L. & Young, R. W. A functional approach to craniology. Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 18, 281-292 (1960).
13. Moss, M. L. & Salentijn, L. The primary role of functional matrices in facial growth. Am. J. Orthod. 55, 566-577 (1969).
14. Lieberman, D. E. in Epigenetics: Linking genotype and phenotype in development and evolution (eds Hallgrimsson, B. & Hall, B. K.) 271-289 (California University Press, 2011).
15. Esteve-Altava, B. & Rasskin-Gutman, D. Beyond the functional matrix hypothesis: a network null model of human skull growth for the formation of bone articulations. J. Anat. 225, 306-316 (2014).
16. Diogo, R. & Abdala, V. Muscles of vertebrates: comparative anatomy, evolution, homologies and development. (Taylor & Francis, 2010).
17. Diogo, R. & Wood, B. Comparative anatomy and phylogeny of primate muscles and human evolution. (Tayloer & Francis, 2012).
18. Breitsprecher, L., Fanghanel, L., Noe, A., Lockett, E. & Raab, U. The functional anatomy of the muscles of facial expression in humans with and without cleft lip and palate. A contribution to refine muscle reconstruction in primary cheilo-and rhinoplasties in patients with uni-and bilateral complete CLP. Ann. Anat. 184, 27-34 (2002).
19. Diogo, R. &Wood, B. Soft-tissue anatomy of the primates: phylogenetic analyses based on the muscles of the head, neck, pectoral region and upper limb, with notes on the evolution of these muscles. J. Anat. 219, 273-359 (2011).
20. Diogo, R.,Wood, B. A., Aziz, M. A. & Burrows, A. On the origin, homologies and evolution of primate facial muscles, with a particular focus on hominoids and a suggested unifying nomenclature for the facial muscles of theMammalia. J. Anat. 215, 300-319 (2009).
21. Fridlund, A. J. Human facial expression: An evolutioanry view. (Academic Press, 1994).
22. Schmidt, K. L. & Cohn, J. F. Human facial expressions as adaptations: Evolutionary questions in facial expression research. Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 116, 3-24 (2001).
23. Burrows, A. M. The facial expression musculature in primates and its evolutionary significance. BioEssays: news and reviews in molecular, cellular and developmental biology 30, 212-225 (2008).
24. Lescroart, F. et al. Clonal analysis reveals common lineage relationships between head muscles and second heart field derivatives in the mouse embryo. Development 137, 3269-3279 (2010).
25. Ahn, J., Gobron, S., Thalmann, D. & Boulic, R. Asymmetric facial expressions: revealing richer emotions for embodied conversational agents. Comp. Anim. Virtual Worlds 24, 539-551 (2013).
26. Rinn, W. E. The neuropsychology of facial expression: a review of the neurological and psychological mechanisms for producing facial expressions. Psychol. Bull. 95, 52 (1984).
27. Schmidt, K. L., Liu, Y. & Cohn, J. F. The role of structural facial asymmetry in asymmetry of peak facial expressions. Laterality 11, 540-561 (2006).
28. Csardi, G. & Nepusz, T. The igraph software package for complex network research. Int. J. Comp. Syst. Sci. 1695 (2006).
29. Newman, M. E. & Girvan, M. Finding and evaluating community structure in networks. Phys. Rev. E 69, 026113 (2004).
30. Pons, P. & Latapy, M. Computing communities in large networks using random walks. J. Graph Algorithms Appl. 10, 191-218 (2006).