Maternal critical care: 'One small step for woman, one giant leap for womankind'

Current Opinion in Anaesthesiology

Volumn 28, Issue 3, 2015, Pages 290-299

  Patil, Vinod ^a,b   Jigajinni, Suyogi ^a   Wijayatilake, Dhuleep S ^a,b  

^a QUEEN S HOSPITAL   (United Kingdom)

^b QUEEN MARY UNIVERSITY OF LONDON   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

high risk pregnancy; maternal critical care; models of care; morbidity; mortality

Indexed keywords

CRITICALLY ILL PATIENT; DEVELOPING COUNTRY; FEMALE; HIGH RISK PREGNANCY; HUMAN; INTENSIVE CARE; MATERNAL CARE; MATERNAL CRITICAL CARE; MIDWIFE; PREGNANCY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; TRAINING; UNITED KINGDOM; UNITED STATES; ADULT; MATERNAL WELFARE; OBSTETRICS; PROCEDURES; STANDARDS; TRENDS;

ADULT; CRITICAL CARE; FEMALE; HUMANS; MATERNAL HEALTH; OBSTETRICS; PREGNANCY; PREGNANCY, HIGH-RISK;

EID: 84930004207     PISSN: 09527907     EISSN: 14736500     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/ACO.0000000000000189     Document Type: Review

References (84)

1. Department of Health, London. Comprehensive critical care-a review of adult critical care services; 2000. p5. http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov. uk/20130107105354/http://www.dh.gov.uk/prod-consum-dh/groups/dh- digitalassets/@dh/@en/documents/digitalasset/dh-4082872.pdf. [Accessed November 2014].
2. Zeeman G, Sharawi N, O'Sullivan G. Service organization: hospital and departmental. In: Van de Velde M, Scholefield H, Plante LA, editors. Maternal critical care: a multidisciplinary approach, 1st ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; 2013. ; 7.
3. Intensive Care Society, London. Levels of critical care for adult patients. Standards and guidelines; 2009. pp. 6-13. http://www.ics.ac.uk/ics-home page/guidelines-and-standards. [Accessed November 2014].
4. Wheatly S. Maternal critical care: what's in a name? Int J Ob Anesth 2010; 19:353-355.
5. Kuklina EV, Callaghan WM. Chronic heart disease and severe obstetric morbidity among hospitalisations for pregnancy in the USA: 1995-2006. BJOG 2011; 118:345-352.
6. Solheim KM, Esakoff TF, Little SE, et al. The effect of cesarean delivery rates on the future incidence of placenta previa, placenta accreta, and maternal mortality. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2011; 24:1341-1346.
7. Blanchette H. The rising cesarean delivery rate in America: what are the consequences? Obstet Gynecol 2011; 118:687-690.
8. D'Alton ME, Bonanno CA, Berkowitz RL, et al. Putting the 'M' back in maternal-fetal medicine. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2013; 208:442-448.
9. Kuklina EV, Ayala C, Callaghan WM. Hypertensive disorders and severe obstetric morbidity in the United States: 1998-2006. Obstet Gynecol 2009; 113:1299-1306.
10. Albrecht SS, Kuklina EV, Bansil P, et al. Diabetes trends among delivery hospitalizations in the United States, 1994-2004. Diabetes Care 2010; 33:768-773.
11. World Health Organisation. Maternal mortality fact sheet N348. Updated May 2014. http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs348/en/. [Accessed November 2014].
12. Lale S, Doris C, Alison G, et al. Global causes of maternal death: a WHO systematic analysis. Lancet Glob Health 2014; 2:e323-e333.
13. Adhikari NK, Fowler RA, Bhagwanjee S, et al. Critical care and the global burden of critical illness in adults. Lancet 2010; 376:1339-1346.
14. Hogan MC, Foreman KJ, Naghavi M, et al. Maternal mortality for 181 countries, 1980-2008: a systematic analysis of progress towards Millennium Development Goal 5. Lancet 2010; 375:1609-1623.
15. Dondorp AM, Haniffa R. Critical care and severe sepsis in resource poor settings. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 2014; 108:453-454.
16. Riviello ED, Letchford S, Achieng L, Newton M. Critical care in resource-poor settings: lessons learned and future directions. Crit Care Med 2011; 39:860-867.
17. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Pregnancy mortality surveillance system. Updated August 2014. http://www.cdc.gov/reproductivehealth/maternalinfanthealth/pmss.html. [Accessed November 2014].
18. Centre for Maternal and Child Enquiries (CMACE). Saving mothers' lives: reviewing maternal deaths to make motherhood safer: 2006-08. The Eighth Report on Confidential Enquiries into Maternal Deaths in the United Kingdom. BJOG 2011; 118 (Suppl 1):1-203.
19. Knight M, Kenyon S, Brocklehurst P, et al. editors, on behalf of MBRRACEUK. Saving lives, improving mothers' care-lessons learned to inform future maternity care from the UK and Ireland Confidential Enquiries into Maternal Deaths and Morbidity 2009-12. Oxford: National Perinatal Epidemiology Unit, University of Oxford; 2014. ISBN 978-0-9931267-1-0.
20. Wanderer JP, Leffert LR, Mhyre JM, et al. Epidemiology of obstetric-related ICU admissions in Maryland: 1999-2008. Crit Care Med 2013; 41:1844-1852.
21. Dellinger RP, Levy Mitchell M, Andrew Rhodes, et al. Surviving Sepsis Campaign: International Guidelines for Management of Severe Sepsis and Septic Shock, 2012. Intensive Care Med 2013; 39:165-228.
22. Johnson S, Bonello MR, Li Z, et al. Maternal deaths in Australia 2006-2010. Maternal deaths series no. 4. Cat. no. PER 61. Canberra: AIHW; 2014.
23. Say L1, Souza JP, Pattinson RC. WHO working group on Maternal Mortality and Morbidity classifications. Maternal near miss-towards a standard tool for monitoring quality of maternal healthcare. Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol 2009; 23:287-296.
24. Galvão LPL, Alvim-Pereira F, de Mendonça CMM, et al. The prevalence of severe maternal morbidity and near miss and associated factors in Sergipe, Northeast Brazil. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2014; 14:25.
25. Lindquist A, Knight M, Kurinczuk JJ. Variation in severe maternal morbidity according to socioeconomic position: a UK national case-control study. BMJ Open 2013; 3:e002742.
26. Souza JP, Cecatti JG, Haddad SM, et al. The WHO maternal nearmiss approach and the maternal severity index model (MSI): tools for assessing the management of severe maternal morbidity. PLoS One 2012; 7:e44129.
27. Intensive Care National Audit and Research Centre. Female admissions (aged 16-50 years) to adult, general critical care units in England, Wales and Northern Ireland reported as 'currently pregnant' or 'recently pregnant'. Report from the Intensive Care National Audit & Research Centre. 1 January 2009 to 31 December 2012. Dec 2013. http://www.oaa-anaes.ac.uk/assets/-managed/cms/files/Obstetric%20admissions%20to%20critical% 20care%202009-2012%20-%20FINAL.pdf. [Accessed November 2014].
28. Pollock W, Rose L, Dennis CL. Pregnant and postpartum admissions to the intensive care unit: a systematic review. Intensive Care Med 2010; 36:1465-1474.
29. Callaghan WM, Creanga AA, Kuklina EV. Severe maternal morbidity among delivery and postpartum hospitalizations in the United States. Obstet Gynecol 2012; 120:1029-1036.
30. Lennox C, Marr, L. NHS Health Improvement Scotland. Scottish Confidential Audit of Severe Maternal Morbidity: reducing avoidable harm. 10th annual report. July 2014. http://www.healthcareimprovementscotland.org/our-work/reproductive,-maternal-child/programme-resources/scasmm.aspx. [Accessed November 2014].
31. Saravanakumar K, Davies L, Lewis M, Cooper GM. High dependency care in an obstetric setting in the UK. Anaesthesia 2008; 63:1081-1086.
32. Mor G, Cardenas I. The immune system in pregnancy: a unique complexity. Am J Reprod Immunol 2010; 1989:425-433.
33. Lamont RF, Sobel J, Mazaki-Tovi S, et al. Listeriosis in human pregnancy: a systematic review. J Perinat Med 2011; 39:227-236.
34. Farkash E, Weintraub AY, Sergienko R, et al. Acute antepartum pyelonephritis in pregnancy: a critical analysis of risk factors and outcomes. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2012; 162:24-27.
35. Louie JK, Acosta M, Jamieson DJ, Honein MA. Severe 2009 H1N1 Influenza in pregnant and postpartum women in California. N Engl J Med 2010; 362:27-35.
36. Ruiz-Irastorza G, Khamashta MA. Managing lupus patients during pregnancy. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol 2013; 27:435-447.
37. Varner M. Myasthenia gravis and pregnancy. Clin Obstet Gynecol 2013; 56:372-381.
38. Regitz-Zagrosek V, Lundqvist CB, Borghi C, et al. ESC Guidelines on the management of cardiovascular diseases during pregnancy The Task Force on the Management of Cardiovascular Diseases during Pregnancy of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). Eur Heart J 2011; 32:3147-3197.
39. Belanger K, Hellenbrand ME, Holford TR, Bracken M. Effect of pregnancy on maternal asthma symptoms and medication use. Obstet Gynecol 2010; 115:559-567.
40. Kamyar M, Varner M. Epilepsy in pregnancy. Clin Obstet Gynecol 2013; 56:330-341.
41. Diabetes Control and Complications Trial Research Group. Effect of pregnancy on microvascular complications in the diabetes control and complications trial. The Diabetes Control and Complications Trial Research Group. Diabetes Care 2000; 23:1084-1091.
42. Geller SE, Adams MG, Kominiarek M, et al. Reliability of a preventability model in maternal death and morbidity. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2007; 196: 57.
43. Zeeman GG. Obstetric critical care: a blueprint for improved outcomes. Crit Care Med 2006; 34 (Suppl 9):S208-S214.
44. Ronsmans C, Graham WJ. Maternal mortality: who, when, where, and why. Lancet 2006; 368:1189-1200.
45. Mhyre J, D'Oria R, Hameed A, et al. The maternal early warning criteria: a proposal from the national partnership for maternal safety. Obstet Gynecol 2014; 124:782-786.
46. Swanton RD, Al-Rawi S, Wee MY. A national survey of obstetric early warning systems in the United Kingdom. Int J Ob Anesth 2009; 18:253-257.
47. Singh S, McGlennan A, England A, et al. A validation study of the CEMACH recommended modified early obstetric warning system (MEOWS). Anaesthesia 2012; 67:12-18.
48. Wunsch H, Angus DC, Harrison DA, et al. Variation in critical care services across North America and Western Europe. Crit Care Med 2008; 36:2787-2793.
49. Wunsch H, Angus DC, Harrison DA, et al. Comparison of medical admissions to intensive care units in the United States and United Kingdom. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2011; 183:1666-1673.
50. Halpern NA, Pastores SM. Critical care medicine in the United States 2000-2005: an analysis of bed numbers, occupancy rates, payer mix, and costs. Crit Care Med 2010; 38:65-71.
51. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. ACOG Practice Bulletin No. 100: critical care in pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol 2009; 113 (2 Pt 1):443-450.
52. The Maternal Critical Care Working Group. Providing equity of critical and maternity care for the critically ill pregnant or recently pregnant woman. RCOG guidelines, July 2011. http://www.oaa-anaes.ac.uk/assets/-managed/editor/file/rcoa/prov-eq-matandcritcare.pdf. [Accessed November 2014].
53. Brilli RJ, Spevetz A, Branson RD, et al. Critical care delivery in the intensive care unit: defining clinical roles and the best practice model. Crit Care Med 2001; 29:2007-2019.
54. Wall RJ, Dittus RS, Ely EW. Protocol-driven care in the intensive care unit: a tool for quality. Crit Care 2001; 5:283-285.
55. Pronovost PJ, Angus DC, Dorman T, et al. Physician staffing patterns and clinical outcomes in critically ill patients: a systematic review. JAMA 2002; 288:2151-2162.
56. Gutsche J, Raiten J. Staffing models for the ICU: open, closed, MD, NP, or telemedicine? Curr Anesthesiol Rep 2013; 3:65-72.
57. Ryan M, Hamilton V, BowenM, Mckenna P. The role of a high dependency unit in a regional obstetric hospital. Anaesthesia 2000; 55:1155-1158.
58. Izci B, Vennelle M, Liston WA, et al. Sleep-disordered breathing and upper airway size in pregnancy and postpartum. Eur Respir J 2002; 27:321-327.
59. McKeen DM, George RB, O'Connell CM, et al. Difficult and failed intubation: incident rates and maternal, obstetrical, and anesthetic predictors. Can J Anaesth 2011; 58:514-524.
60. Djabatey EA, Barclay PM. Difficult and failed intubation in 3430 obstetric general anaesthetics. Anaesthesia 2009; 64:1168-1171.
61. McDonnell NJ, Paech MJ, Clavisi OM, Scott KL; ANZCA Trials Group. Difficult and failed intubation in obstetric anaesthesia: an observational study of airway management and complications associated with general anaesthesia for caesarean section. Int J Obstet Anesth 2008; 17:292-297.
62. Dugan-Kim M, Connell S, Stika C, et al. Epistaxis of pregnancy and association with postpartum haemorrhage. Obstet Gynecol 2009; 114:1322-1325.
63. Naumann CR, Zelig C, Napolitano PG, Ko CW. Nausea, vomiting and heartburn in pregnancy: a prospective look at risk, treatment and outcome. Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol 2013; 37:93-99.
64. Vanden Hoek TL, Morrison LJ, Shuster M, et al. Part 12: cardiac arrest in special situations: 2010 American Heart Association Guidelines for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care. Circulation 2010; 122 (18 Suppl 3):S829-S861.
65. Martin JA, Brady HE, Osterman MJK, et al. Births: final data for 2012. National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol 62. Hyattsville, MD: National Center for Health Statistics, Division of Vital Statistics; 2013.
66. Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists. Thrombosis and embolism during pregnancy and the puerperium, reducing the risk (Green-top 37a). London: Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists; 2009. https://www.rcog.org.uk/globalassets/documents/guidelines/gtg37areducingrisk thrombosis.pdf. [Accessed November 2014].
67. Lappen JR, Keene M, Lore M, et al. Existing models fail to predict sepsis in an obstetric population with intrauterine infection. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2010; 203:573.
68. Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists. Sepsis in pregnancy, bacterial (Green-top Guideline No. 64a) April 2012. https://www.rcog.org. uk/globalassets/documents/guidelines/gtg-64a.pdf [Accessed November 2014].
69. Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists. Sepsis following pregnancy, bacterial (Green-top Guideline No. 64b) April 2012. https://www.rcog.org.uk/globalassets/documents/guidelines/gtg-64b.pdf. [Accessed November 2014].
70. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Postnatal care. December 2014. http://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/cg37/resources/guidance-postnatal-care-pdf. [Accessed December 2014].
71. Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists (RCOG). Antenatal corticosteroids to reduce neonatal morbidity and mortality (Green-top Guideline; no. 7). October 2010. https://www.rcog.org.uk/en/guidelines-researchservices/guidelines/gtg7/
72. Jenkins TM, Troiano NH, Graves CR, et al. Mechanical ventilation in an obstetric population: characteristics and delivery rates. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2003; 188:49-552.
73. Plante LA. Mechanical ventilation in an obstetric population: characteristics and delivery rates. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2003; 189:1516.
74. Angus DC, Marrie TJ, Obrosky DS, et al. Severe community-acquired pneumonia: use of ICU services and evaluation of American and British Thoracic Society Diagnostic Criteria. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2002; 166:717-723.
75. Johns Hopkins Medicine, Department of Gynecology & Obstetrics. Gynecology and obstetrics residency program. http://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/gynecology-obstetrics/education/residency-program/. [Accessed November 2014].
76. Stanford Medicine, Obstetrics & Gynecology. Residency training program. http://obgyn.stanford.edu/education/residency.html. [Accessed November 2014].
77. University of Michigan, Department of Anesthesia, Residency Program. Clinical rotations. http://anes.med.umich.edu/main/programs/residency/obs tetric.html. [Accessed November 2014].
78. University of Michigan, Department of Anesthesia, Residency Program. Clinical rotations. http://anes.med.umich.edu/main/programs/residency/cc. html. [Accessed November 2014].
79. Royal College of Obstetricians & Gynaecologists. Core curriculum. https://www.rcog.org.uk/en/careers-training/specialty-training-curriculum/core-curri culum/. [Accessed November 2014].
80. Royal College of Anaesthetists. Curriculum for a CCT in anaesthetics, Edition 2, August 2010, Version 1.6. http://www.rcoa.ac.uk/system/files/TRG-CUCCT-ANAES2010-0.pdf. [Accessed November 2014].
81. The Faculty of Intensive Care Medicine. Curriculum for a CCT in intensive care medicine. August 2014, Edition 3. v 2.0. http://www.ficm.ac.uk/sites/default/files/CCT%20in%20ICM%20Part%20I%20-%20Handbook%20%28Aug 2014%20v2.0%29.pdf. [Accessed November 2014].
82. Birmingham City University. Midwifery BSc-Hons. http://www.bcu.ac.uk/courses/midwifery. [Accessed November 2014].
83. University of Michigan, School of Nursing. Nurse Midwife Program. http://nursing.umich.edu/academic-programs/masters-programs/nurse-midwife. [Accessed November 2014].
84. Firth P, Ttendo S. Intensive care in low-income countries-a critical need. N Engl J Med 2012; 367:1974-1976.