Natural history and therapy of AL cardiac amyloidosis

Heart Failure Reviews

Volumn 20, Issue 2, 2015, Pages 155-162

  Grogan, Martha ^a   Dispenzieri, Angela ^a  

^a MAYO CLINIC   (United States)

Author keywords

Cardiac amyloidosis; Heart failure; Sudden cardiac death

Indexed keywords

AMINO TERMINAL PRO BRAIN NATRIURETIC PEPTIDE; ANGIOTENSIN RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST; BETA ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR BLOCKING AGENT; DIPEPTIDYL CARBOXYPEPTIDASE INHIBITOR; TROPONIN; BIOLOGICAL MARKER; BRAIN NATRIURETIC PEPTIDE; IMMUNOGLOBULIN LIGHT CHAIN; PEPTIDE FRAGMENT; PRO-BRAIN NATRIURETIC PEPTIDE (1-76);

AORTA ARCH SYNDROME; ARTICLE; AUTOLOGOUS STEM CELL TRANSPLANTATION; CARDIOVASCULAR PROCEDURE; CELL CLONE; DISEASE CLASSIFICATION; DISEASE MARKER; DISEASE SEVERITY; EARLY DIAGNOSIS; HEART AMYLOIDOSIS; HEART ARRHYTHMIA; HEART FAILURE; HEART HEMODYNAMICS; HEART MUSCLE CONDUCTION DISTURBANCE; HEART TRANSPLANTATION; HUMAN; IMMUNOPATHOLOGY; MORTALITY; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT; OVERALL SURVIVAL; PLASMA CELL; PROGNOSIS; SUDDEN CARDIAC DEATH; SUPPORTIVE THERAPY; SURVIVAL TIME; SYMPTOM; THROMBOEMBOLISM; TREATMENT RESPONSE; AGED; AMYLOIDOSIS; ATRIAL FIBRILLATION; BLOOD; CARDIOMYOPATHIES; CLASSIFICATION; COMPLICATION; DEATH, SUDDEN, CARDIAC; FEMALE; HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELL TRANSPLANTATION; LUNG EMBOLISM; MALE; MIDDLE AGED;

AGED; AMYLOIDOSIS; ATRIAL FIBRILLATION; BIOMARKERS; CARDIOMYOPATHIES; DEATH, SUDDEN, CARDIAC; EARLY DIAGNOSIS; FEMALE; HEART FAILURE; HEART TRANSPLANTATION; HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELL TRANSPLANTATION; HUMANS; IMMUNOGLOBULIN LIGHT CHAINS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; NATRIURETIC PEPTIDE, BRAIN; PEPTIDE FRAGMENTS; PROGNOSIS; PULMONARY EMBOLISM; TROPONIN;

EID: 84928434362     PISSN: 13824147     EISSN: 15737322     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s10741-014-9464-5     Document Type: Article

References (69)

1. Kyle R, Linos A, Beard C, Linke R, Gertz M, O’Fallon W et al (1992) Incidence and natural history of primary systemic amyloidosis in Olmsted County, Minnesota, 1950 through 1989. Blood 79(7):1817–1822
2. Palladini G (2012) New criteria for response to treatment in immunoglobulin light chain amyloidosis based on free light chain measurement and cardiac biomarkers: impact on survival outcomes. J Clin Oncol 30:4541–4549
3. Kumar SK (2011) Recent improvements in survival in primary systemic amyloidosis and the importance of an early mortality risk score. Mayo Clin Proc 86:12–18
4. Dispenzieri A, Gertz MA, Kyle RA, Lacy MQ, Burritt MF, Therneau TM et al (2004) Serum cardiac troponins and N-Terminal Pro-Brain natriuretic peptide: a staging system for primary systemic amyloidosis. J Clin Oncol 22(18):3751–3757
5. Dispenzieri A, Gertz MA, Kyle RA, Lacy MQ, Burritt MF, Therneau TM et al (2004) Prognostication of survival using cardiac troponins and N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide in patients with primary systemic amyloidosis undergoing peripheral blood stem cell transplantation. Blood 104(6):1881–1887
6. Kumar S, Dispenzieri A, Lacy MQ, Hayman SR, Buadi FK, Colby C et al (2012) Revised prognostic staging system for light chain amyloidosis incorporating cardiac biomarkers and serum free light chain measurements. J Clin Oncol 30(9):989–995
7. Gertz MA, Lacy MQ, Dispenzieri A, Kumar SK, Dingli D, Leung N et al (2013) Refinement in patient selection to reduce treatment-related mortality from autologous stem cell transplantation in amyloidosis. Bone Marrow Transplant 48(4):557–561
8. Wechalekar AD, Schonland SO, Kastritis E, Gillmore JD, Dimopoulos MA, Lane T et al (2013) A European collaborative study of treatment outcomes in 346 patients with cardiac stage III AL amyloidosis. Blood 121(17):3420–3427
9. Kristen AV, Giannitsis E, Lehrke S, Hegenbart U, Konstandin M, Lindenmaier D et al (2010) Assessment of disease severity and outcome in patients with systemic light-chain amyloidosis by the high-sensitivity troponin T assay. Blood 116(14):2455–2461
10. Palladini G, Barassi A, Klersy C, Pacciolla R, Milani P, Sarais G et al (2010) The combination of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hs-cTnT) at presentation and changes in N-terminal natriuretic peptide type B (NT-proBNP) after chemotherapy best predicts survival in AL amyloidosis. Blood 116:3426–3430
11. Dieplinger B, Egger M, Haltmayer M, Kleber ME, Scharnagl H, Silbernagel G et al (2014) Increased soluble ST2 predicts long-term mortality in patients with stable coronary artery disease: results from the Ludwigshafen risk and cardiovascular health study. Clin Chem 60(3):530–540
12. Sabatine MS, Morrow DA, Higgins LJ, MacGillivray C, Guo W, Bode C et al (2008) Complementary roles for biomarkers of biomechanical strain ST2 and N-Terminal prohormone B-Type natriuretic peptide in patients with ST-Elevation myocardial infarction. Circulation 117(15):1936–1944
13. Dhillon OS, Narayan HK, Khan SQ, Kelly D, Quinn PA, Squire IB et al (2013) Pre-discharge risk stratification in unselected STEMI: is there a role for ST2 or its natural ligand IL-33 when compared with contemporary risk markers? Int J Cardiol 167(5):2182–2188
14. Kohli P, Bonaca MP, Kakkar R, Kudinova AY, Scirica BM, Sabatine MS et al (2012) Role of ST2 in Non-ST-Elevation acute coronary syndrome in the MERLIN-TIMI 36 Trial. Clin Chem 58(1):257–266
15. Wang Y-C, Yu C-C, Chiu F-C, Tsai C-T, Lai L-P, Hwang J-J et al (2013) Soluble ST2 as a biomarker for detecting stable heart failure with a normal ejection fraction in hypertensive patients. J Cardiac Fail 19(3):163–168
16. Lupón J, de Antonio M, Galán A, Vila J, Zamora E, Urrutia A et al (2013) Combined use of the novel biomarkers high-sensitivity troponin T and ST2 for heart failure risk stratification vs conventional assessment. Mayo Clin Proc 88(3):234–243
17. Lassus J, Gayat E, Mueller C, Peacock WF, Spinar J, Harjola V-P et al (2013) Incremental value of biomarkers to clinical variables for mortality prediction in acutely decompensated heart failure: the multinational observational cohort on acute heart failure (MOCA) study. Int J Cardiol 168(3):2186–2194
18. van Kimmenade RR, Januzzi JL (2012) Emerging biomarkers in heart failure. Clin Chem 58(1):127–138
19. Dispenzieri AS, Amy K., Kumar SK, Gertz MA, Lacy MQ, Buadi F, Hayman SR, et al. (2014) Soluble ST2 (sST2) is a novel valuable prognostic marker among patients with immunoglobulin light chain (AL) Amyloidosis [abstract OP-33]. Presented at the XIVth international symposium on amyloidosis
20. Falk RH, Rubinow A, Cohen AS (1984) Cardiac arrhythmias in systemic amyloidosis: correlation with echocardiographic abnormalities. J Am Coll Cardiol 3(1):107–113
21. Wright BLC, Grace AA, Goodman HJB (2006) Implantation of a cardioverter-defibrillator in a patient with cardiac amyloidosis. Nat Clin Pract Cardiovasc Med 3(2):110–114
22. Hess EP, White RD (2004) Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in patients with cardiac amyloidosis: presenting rhythms, management and outcomes in four patients. Resuscitation 60(1):105–111
23. Mercando AD, Furman S, Johnston D, Frame R, Brodman R, Kim SG et al (1988) Survival of patients with the automatic implantable cardioverter defibrillator. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol 11(11):2059–2063
24. Lin G, Dispenzieri A, Brady PA (2010) Successful termination of a ventricular arrhythmia by implantable cardioverter defibrillator therapy in a patient with cardiac amyloidosis: insight into mechanisms of sudden death. Eur Heart J 31(12):1538
25. Dhoble A, Khasnis A, Olomu A, Thakur R (2009) Cardiac amyloidosis treated with an implantable cardioverter defibrillator and subcutaneous array lead system: report of a case and literature review. Clin Cardiol 32(8):E63–E65
26. Lin G, Dispenzieri A, Kyle R, Grogan M, Brady PA (2013) Implantable cardioverter defibrillators in patients with cardiac amyloidosis. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 24(7):793–798
27. Varr BC, Zarafshar S, Coakley T, Liedtke M, Lafayette RA, Arai S et al (2014) Implantable cardioverter-defibrillator placement in patients with cardiac amyloidosis. Heart Rhythm Off J Heart Rhythm Soc 11(1):158
28. McCarthy IRE, Kasper EK (1998) A review of the amyloidoses that infiltrate the heart. Clin Cardiol 21(8):547–552
29. Murtagh B, Hammill SC, Gertz MA, Kyle RA, Tajik AJ, Grogan M (2005) Electrocardiographic findings in primary systemic amyloidosis and biopsy-proven cardiac involvement. Am J Cardiol 95(4):535–537
30. Cassidy JT (1961) Cardiac amyloidosis. two cases with digitalis sensitivity. Ann Intern Med 55(6):989–994
31. Rubinow A, Skinner M, Cohen AS (1981) Digoxin sensitivity in amyloid cardiomyopathy. Circulation 63(6):1285–1288
32. Dubrey S, Pollak A, Skinner M, Falk RH (1995) Atrial thrombi occurring during sinus rhythm in cardiac amyloidosis: evidence for atrial electromechanical dissociation. Br Heart J 74(5):541–544
33. Selvanayagam JB, Hawkins PN, Paul B, Myerson SG, Neubauer S (2007) Evaluation and management of the cardiac amyloidosis. J Am Coll Cardiol 50(22):2101–2110
34. Feng D, Syed IS, Martinez M, Oh JK, Jaffe AS, Grogan M et al (2009) Intracardiac thrombosis and anticoagulation therapy in cardiac amyloidosis. Circulation 119(18):2490–2497
35. Modesto KM, Dispenzieri A, Cauduro SA, Lacy M, Khandheria BK, Pellikka PA et al (2005) Left atrial myopathy in cardiac amyloidosis: implications of novel echocardiographic techniques. Eur Heart J 26(2):173–179
36. Mathew VMD, Olson LJMD, Gertz MAMD, Hayes DLMD (1997) Symptomatic conduction system disease in cardiac amyloidosis. Am J Cardiol 80(11):1491–1492
37. Epstein AE, DiMarco JP, Ellenbogen KA, Estes IIINAM, Freedman RA, Gettes LS et al (2008) ACC/AHA/HRS 2008 guidelines for device-based therapy of cardiac rhythm abnormalitiesa report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association task force on practice guidelines (writing committee to revise the ACC/AHA/NASPE 2002 guideline update for implantation of cardiac pacemakers and Antiarrhythmia devices) developed in collaboration with the American Association for Thoracic Surgery and Society of Thoracic Surgeons. J Am Coll Cardiol 51(21):e1–e62
38. Maleszewski JJ (2013) Relationship between monoclonal gammopathy and cardiac amyloid type. Cardiovasc Pathol 22:189–194
39. Vrana JA, Gamez JD, Madden BJ, Theis JD, Bergen HR, Dogan A (2009) Classification of amyloidosis by laser microdissection and mass spectrometry–based proteomic analysis in clinical biopsy specimens. Blood 114:4957–4959
40. Falk RH (2005) Diagnosis and management of the cardiac amyloidoses. Circulation 112(13):2047–2060
41. DiNicolantonio JJ (2012) Should torsemide be the loop diuretic of choice in systolic heart failure? Futur Cardiol 8(5):707–728
42. Shah KB, Inoue Y, Mehra MR (2006) Amyloidosis and the heart: a comprehensive review. Arch Intern Med 166(17):1805–1813
43. Gertz M, Falk R, Skinner M, Cohen A, Kyle R (1985) Worsening of congestive heart failure in amyloid heart disease treated by calcium channel-blocking agents. Am J Cardiol 55:1645
44. Griffiths B, Hughes P, Dowdle R, Stephens M (1982) Cardiac amyloidosis with asymmetrical septal hypertrophy and deterioration after nifedipine. Thorax 37(9):711
45. Pollak A, Falk RH (1993) Left ventricular systolic dysfunction precipitated by verapamil in cardiac amyloidosis. Chest 104(2):618–620
46. Berk JL, Keane J, Seldin DC, Sanchorawala V, Koyama J, Dember LM et al (2003) Persistent Pleural Effusions in Primary Systemic AmyloidosisEtiology and Prognosis. Chest J 124(3):969–977
47. De Lorenzi ED, Giorgetti S, Grossi S, Merlini G, Caccialanza G, Bellotti V (2004) Pharmaceutical strategies against amyloidosis: old and new drugs in targeting a “protein misfolding disease”. Curr Med Chem 11(8):1065–1084
48. Sanchorawala V, Wright DG, Seldin DC, Falk RH, Finn KT, Dember LM et al (2003) High-dose intravenous melphalan and autologous stem cell transplantation as initial therapy or following two cycles of oral chemotherapy for the treatment of AL amyloidosis: results of a prospective randomized trial. Bone Marrow Transplant 33(4):381–388
49. Gertz MA, Lacy MQ, Dispenzieri A (2004) Therapy for immunoglobulin light chain amyloidosis: the new and the old. Blood Rev 18(1):17–37
50. Palladini G, Perfetti V, Obici L, Caccialanza R, Semino A, Adami F et al (2004) Association of melphalan and high-dose dexamethasone is effective and well tolerated in patients with AL (primary) amyloidosis who are ineligible for stem cell transplantation. Blood 103(8):2936–2938
51. Sanchorawala V, Wright DG, Seldin DC, Falk RH, Berk JL, Dember LM et al (2002) Low-dose continuous oral melphalan for the treatment of primary systemic (AL) amyloidosis. Br J Haematol 117(4):886–889
52. Seldin DC, Choufani EB, Dember LM, Wiesman JF, Berk JL, Falk RH et al (2003) Tolerability and efficacy of thalidomide for the treatment of patients with light chain–associated (AL) amyloidosis. Clin lymphoma 3(4):241–246
53. Skinner M, Sanchorawala V, Seldin DC, Dember LM, Falk RH, Berk JL et al (2004) High-Dose melphalan and autologous stem-cell transplantation in patients with AL amyloidosis: an 8-year study. Ann Intern Med 140(2):85–93
54. Goodman HJ, Gillmore JD, Lachmann HJ, Wechalekar AD, Bradwell AR, Hawkins PN (2006) Outcome of autologous stem cell transplantation for AL amyloidosis in the UK. Br J Haematol 134(4):417–425
55. Lachmann HJ, Gallimore R, Gillmore JD, Carr-Smith HD, Bradwell AR, Pepys MB et al (2003) Outcome in systemic AL amyloidosis in relation to changes in concentration of circulating free immunoglobulin light chains following chemotherapy. Br J Haematol 122(1):78–84
56. Palladini G, Lavatelli F, Russo P, Perlini S, Perfetti V, Bosoni T, et al (2006) Circulating amyloidogenic free light chains and serum N-terminal natriuretic peptide type B decrease simultaneously in association with improvement of survival in AL. Blood 107(10):3854–3858
57. Kyle RA, Gertz MA, Greipp PR, Witzig TE, Lust JA, Lacy MQ et al (1997) A trial of three regimens for primary amyloidosis: colchicine alone, melphalan and prednisone, and melphalan, prednisone, and colchicine. N Engl J Med 336(17):1202–1207
58. Gertz M, Lacy M, Dispenzieri A, Hayman S, Kumar S, Buadi F et al (2008) Troponin T level as an exclusion criterion for stem cell transplantation in light-chain amyloidosis. Leuk Lymphoma 49(1):36–41
59. Saba N, Sutton D, Ross H, Siu S, Crump R, Keating A et al (1999) High treatment-related mortality in cardiac amyloid patients undergoing autologous stem cell transplant. Bone Marrow Transplant 24(8):853–855
60. Comenzo RL, Gertz MA (2002) Autologous stem cell transplantation for primary systemic amyloidosis. Blood 99(12):4276–4282
61. Moreau P (1999) Autologous stem cell transplantation for AL amyloidosis: a standard therapy? Leukemia 13(12):1929–1931
62. Kpodonu J, Massad MG, Caines A, Geha AS (2005) Outcome of heart transplantation in patients with amyloid cardiomyopathy. J Heart Lung Transplant 24(11):1763–1765
63. Dubrey SW, Burke MM, Hawkins PN, Banner NR (2004) Cardiac transplantation for amyloid heart disease: the United Kingdom experience. J Heart Lung Transplant 23(10):1142–1153
64. Gray Gilstrap L, Niehaus E, Malhotra R, Ton VK, Watts J, Seldin DC et al (2014) Predictors of survival to orthotopic heart transplant in patients with light chain amyloidosis. J Heart Lung Transplant 33(2):149–156
65. Varr BC, Liedtke M, Arai S, Lafayette RA, Schrier SL, Witteles RM (2012) Heart transplantation and cardiac amyloidosis: approach to screening and novel management strategies. J Heart Lung Transplant 31(3):325–331
66. Gillmore JD, Goodman HJ, Lachmann HJ, Offer M, Wechalekar AD, Joshi J et al (2006) Sequential heart and autologous stem cell transplantation for systemic AL amyloidosis. Blood 107(3):1227–1229
67. Maurer MS, Raina A, Hesdorffer C, Bijou R, Colombo P, Deng M et al (2007) Cardiac transplantation using extended-donor criteria organs for systemic amyloidosis complicated by heart failure. Transplantation 83(5):539–545
68. Dey B, Chung S, Spitzer T, Zheng H, Macgillivray T, Seldin D et al (2010) Cardiac transplantation followed by dose-intensive melphalan and autologous stem-cell transplantation for light chain amyloidosis and heart failure. Transplantation 90(8):905–911
69. Kristen AV, Sack F-U, Schonland SO, Hegenbart U, Helmke BM, Koch A et al (2009) Staged heart transplantation and chemotherapy as a treatment option in patients with severe cardiac light-chain amyloidosis. Eur J Heart Fail 11(10):1014–1020