Carbon storage in old-growth forests of the Mid-Atlantic: Toward better understanding the eastern forest carbon sink

Ecology

Volumn 96, Issue 2, 2015, Pages 311-317

  McGarvey, Jennifer C ^a   Thompson, Jonathan R ^b   Epstein, Howard E ^a   Shugart, Herman H ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA   (United States)

^b HARVARD UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Carbon sink; Dead wood; Eastern forests; Mid Atlantic united states; Old growth forest; Soil organic carbon

Indexed keywords

CARBON SEQUESTRATION; CARBON SINK; DEAD WOOD; OLD-GROWTH FOREST; PALEOECOLOGY; SECONDARY FOREST; SOIL CARBON; SOIL ORGANIC MATTER;

MID-ATLANTIC STATES; UNITED STATES;

LIRIODENDRON TULIPIFERA; QUERCUS;

CARBON;

ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING; FORESTS; GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT; METABOLISM; MID-ATLANTIC REGION; TIME FACTORS; TREES;

CARBON; ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING; FORESTS; MID-ATLANTIC REGION; TIME FACTORS; TREES;

EID: 84927937804     PISSN: 00129658     EISSN: 19399170     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1890/14-1154.1     Document Type: Article

References (43)

1. Bonan, G. B. 2008. Forests and climate change: forcings, feedbacks, and the climate benefits of forests. Science 320:1444-1449.
2. Braun, L. 1950. Deciduous forests of eastern North America. Blakiston, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
3. Brown, S., P. Schroeder, and R. Birdsey. 1997. Aboveground biomass distribution of US eastern hardwood forests and the use of large trees as an indicator of forest development. Forest Ecology and Management 96:37-47.
4. Burns, R. M., and B. H. Honkala. 1990. Silvics of North America: 2. Hardwoods. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Washington, D.C., USA.
5. Burrascano, S., W. S. Keeton, F. M. Sabatini, and C. Blasi. 2013. Commonality and variability in the structural attributes of moist temperate old-growth forests: a global review. Forest Ecology and Management 291:458-479.
6. Busing, R., and P. White. 1993. Effects of area on old-growth forest attributes: implications for the equilibrium landscape concept. Landscape Ecology 8:119-126.
7. Carmona, M. R., J. J. Armesto, J. C. Aravena, and C. A. Pé rez. 2002. Coarse woody debris biomass in successional and primary temperate forests in Chiloé Island, Chile. Forest Ecology and Management 164:265-275.
8. Davis, M. B. 1996. Old growth in the East: a survey. Island Press, Washington D.C., USA.
9. Fisk, M. C., D. R. Zak, and T. R. Crow. 2002. Nitrogen storage and cycling in old- and second-growth northern hardwood forests. Ecology 83:73-87.
10. Franklin, J. F., and C. T. Dyrness. 1973. Natural vegetation of Oregon and Washington. USDA Forest Service General Technical Report. Pacific Northwest Forest and Range Experiment Station, Portland, Oregon, USA.
11. Frelich, L. E., and P. B. Reich. 1995. Spatial patterns and succession in a Minnesota southern-boreal forest. Ecological Monographs 65:325-346.
12. Fuller, C. 2007. The legacy of subsistence agriculture on New England's successional forest soils: a 25-year direct measurement perspective. Thesis, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA.
13. th North American Forest Soils Conference. University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA.
14. Harmon, M. E. 2009. Woody detritus mass and its contribution to carbon dynamics of old-growth forests: the temporal context. Pages 159-190 in C. Wirth, G. Gleixner, and M. Heimann, editors. Old-growth forests: function, fate, and value. Ecological studies. Springer-Verlag, New York, New York, USA.
15. Harmon, M. E., et al. 1986. Ecology of coarse woody debris in temperate ecosystems. Advances in Ecological Research 15:133-302.
16. Harmon, M. E., and J. Sexton. 1996. Guidelines for measurements of woody detritus in forest ecosystems. LTER Network Office, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
17. Hoover, C. M., W. B. Leak, and B. G. Keel. 2012. Benchmark carbon stocks from old-growth forests in northern New England, USA. Forest Ecology and Management 266:108-114.
18. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). 2006. Intergovernmental panel on climate change guidelines for national greenhouse gas inventories. Vol. 4: Agriculture, forestry, and other land use, prepared by the National Greenhouse Gas Inventories Programme. Institute for Global Environmental Strategies, Kanagawa, Japan.
19. Janisch, J. E., and M. E. Harmon. 2002. Successional changes in live and dead wood carbon stores: implications for net ecosystem productivity. Tree Physiology 22:77-89.
20. Jenkins, J. C., D. C. Chojnacky, L. S. Heath, and R. A. Birdsey. 2003. National-scale biomass estimators for United States tree species. Forest Science 49:12-35.
21. Jobbagy, E. G., and R. B. Jackson. 2000. The vertical distribution of soil organic carbon and its relation to climate and vegetation. Ecological Applications 10:423-436.
22. Keeton, W. S., A. A. Whitman, G. C. McGee, and C. L. Goodale. 2011. Late-successional biomass development in northern hardwood-conifer forests of the northeastern United States. Forest Science 57:489-505.
23. Keith, H., B. G. Mackey, and D. B. Lindenmayer. 2009. Reevaluation of forest biomass carbon stocks and lessons from the world's most carbon-dense forests. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA 106:11635-11640.
24. Lambert, M., C. Ung, and F. Raulier. 2005. Canadian national tree aboveground biomass equations. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 35:1996-2018.
25. Lichstein, J. W., C. Wirth, H. S. Horn, and S. W. Pacala. 2009. Biomass chronosequences of United States forests: implications for carbon storage and forest management. Pages 301-341 in C. Wirth, editor. Old-growth forests. Springer, Berlin, Germany.
26. Liebhold, A. M., E. G. Brockerhoff, L. J. Garrett, J. L. Parke, and K. O. Britton. 2012. Live plant imports: the major pathways for forest insect and pathogen invasions of the US. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment 10:135-143.
27. Luyssaert, S., E. D. Schulze, A. Borner, A. Knohl, D. Hessenmoller, B. E. Law, P. Ciais, and J. Grace. 2008. Old-growth forests as global carbon sinks. Nature 455:213-215.
28. Mund, M. 2004. Carbon pools of European beech forests (Fagus sylvatica) under different silvicultural management. Dissertation. Georg-August University, Göttingen, Germany.
29. Pacala, S. W., et al. 2001. Consistent land- and atmosphere-based U.S. carbon sink estimates. Science 292:2316-2320.
30. Pan, Y., J. M. Chen, R. Birdsey, K. McCullough, L. He, and F. Deng. 2011. Age structure and disturbance legacy of North American forests. Biogeosciences 8:715-732.
31. Pan, Y., J. Hom, R. Birdsey, and K. McCullough. 2004. Impacts of rising nitrogen deposition on N exports from forests to surface waters in the Chesapeake Bay watershed. Environmental Management 33:120-131.
32. Poland, T. M., and D. G. McCullough. 2006. Emerald ash borer: invasion of the urban forest and the threat to North America's ash resource. Journal of Forestry 104:118-124.
33. Ryan, M. G., et al. 2010. A synthesis of the science on forests and carbon for U.S. forests. Issues in Ecology 13:1-16.
34. Siccama, T. G., T. J. Fahey, C. E. Johnson, T. W. Sherry, E. G. Denny, E. B. Girdler, G. E. Likens, and P. A. Schwarz. 2007. Population and biomass dynamics of trees in a northern hardwood forest at Hubbard Brook. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 37:737-749.
35. Smithwick, E. A., M. E. Harmon, S. M. Remillard, S. A. Acker, and J. F. Franklin. 2002. Potential upper bounds of carbon stores in forests of the Pacific Northwest. Ecological Applications 12:1303-1317.
36. Thompson, J. R., D. R. Foster, R. Scheller, and D. Kittredge. 2011. The influence of land use and climate change on forest biomass and composition in Massachusetts, USA. Ecological Applications 21:2425-2444.
37. Tyrrell, L. E., and T. R. Crow. 1994. Structural characteristics of old-growth hemlock-hardwood forests in relation to age. Ecology 75:370-386.
38. Waddell, K. L. 2002. Sampling coarse woody debris for multiple attributes in extensive resource inventories. Ecological Indicators 1:139-153.
39. Wallace, J. B., J. R. Webster, S. L. Eggert, J. L. Meyer, and E. R. Siler. 2001. Large woody debris in a headwater stream: long-term legacies of forest disturbance. International Review of Hydrobiology 86:501-513.
40. Watt, A. S. 1947. Pattern and process in the plant community. Journal of Ecology 35:1-22.
41. Weed, A. S., M. Ayres, and J. Hicke. 2013. Consequences of climate change for biotic disturbances in North American forests. Ecological Monographs 83:441-470.
42. Zhou, G., S. Liu, Z. Li, D. Zhang, X. Tang, C. Zhou, J. Yan, and J. Mo. 2006. Old-growth forests can accumulate carbon in soils. Science 314:1417.
43. Ziegler, S. S. 2000. A comparison of structural characteristics between old-growth and postfire second-growth hemlock-hardwood forests in Adirondack Park, New York, U.S.A. Global Ecology and Biogeography 9:373-389.