Biomonitoring Equivalents for interpretation of urinary fluoride

Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology

Volumn 72, Issue 1, 2015, Pages 158-167

  Aylward, L L ^a   Hays, S M ^a   Vezina, A ^b   Deveau, M ^b   St Amand, A ^b   Nong, A ^b  

^a LLP   (United States)

^b HEALTH CANADA   (Canada)

Author keywords

Biomonitoring; Biomonitoring Equivalents; Fluoride; Risk assessment

Indexed keywords

CREATININE; FLUORIDE; BIOLOGICAL MARKER;

ARTICLE; BIOLOGICAL MONITORING; CONCENTRATION (PARAMETERS); CREATININE URINE LEVEL; DENTAL FLUOROSIS; EXPOSURE; HEALTH HAZARD; HUMAN; KINETICS; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RISK ASSESSMENT; URINARY EXCRETION; URINE FLOW RATE; URINE LEVEL; ANALYSIS; ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE; ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING; PROCEDURES; PUBLIC HEALTH; URINE;

BIOMARKERS; ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE; ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING; FLUORIDES; HUMANS; PUBLIC HEALTH; RISK ASSESSMENT;

EID: 84927919339     PISSN: 02732300     EISSN: 10960295     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2015.04.005     Document Type: Article

References (34)

1. Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR), 2003. Toxicological Profile for Fluorides, Hydrogen Fluoride, and Fluorine. Available at: http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/toxprofiles/tp.asp?id=212%26tid=38.
2. Angerer J., Aylward L.L., Hays S.M., Heinzow B., Wilhelm M. Human biomonitoring assessment values: approaches and data requirements. Int. J. Hyg. Environ. Health 2011, 214:348-360.
3. Aylward L.L., Kirman C.R., Adgate J.L., McKenzie L.M., Hays S.M. Interpreting variability in population biomonitoring data: role of elimination kinetics. J. Exp. Sci. Environ. Epidemiol. 2012, 22:398-408.
4. Ballauff A., Kersting M., Manz F. Do children have an adequate fluid intake? Water balance studies carried out at home. Ann. Nutr. Metab. 1988, 32:332-339.
5. Barr D.B., Wilder L.C., Caudill S.P., Gonzalez A.J., Needham L.L., Pirkle J.L. Urinary creatinine concentrations in the U.S. population: implications for urinary biologic monitoring measurements. Environ Health Perspect. 2005, 113:192-200.
6. Chaptal J., Jean R., Guillaumot R., Morel G. Statistical study of the urinary elimination of electrolytes in the normal child at different ages. Arch. Fr. Pediatr. 1963, 20:905-931.
7. Ebner A., Manz F. Sex difference of urinary osmolality in German children. Am. J. Nephrol. 2002, 22:352-355.
8. Ekstrand J., Ehrnebo M. The relationship between plasma fluoride, urinary excretion rate and urine fluoride concentration in man. J. Occup. Med. 1983, 25:745-748.
9. Ekstrand J., Hardell L.I., Spak C.J. Fluoride balance studies on infants in a 1-ppm-water-fluoride area. Caries Res. 1984, 18:87-92.
10. Fisher D.A. Cold diuresis in the newborn. Pediatrics 1967, 40:636.
11. Goellner M.H., Ziegler E.E., Fomon S.J. Urination during the first three years of life. Nephron 1981, 28:174-178.
12. Haftenberger M., Viergutz G., Neumeister V., Hetzer G. Total fluoride intake and urinary excretion in German children aged 3-6years. Caries Res. 2001, 35:451-457.
13. Hays S.M., Aylward L.L., LaKind J.S., Bartels M.J., Barton H.A., Boogaard P.J., Brunk C., DiZio S., Dourson M., Goldstein D.A., Kilpatrick M.E., Krewski D., Krishnan K., Lipscomb J., Nordberg M., Okino M., Tan Y.-M., Viau C., Yager J.W. Guidelines for the derivation of biomonitoring equivalents: report from the biomonitoring equivalents expert workshop. Regul. Toxicol. Pharmacol. 2008, 51(Suppl. 1):S4-S15.
14. Hays S.M., Becker R., Leung H.-W., Aylward L.L., Pyatt D.W. Biomonitoring equivalents: a screening approach for interpreting biomonitoring results from a public health risk perspective. Regul. Toxicol. Pharmacol. 2007, 47:96-109.
15. Health Canada, 2010. Guidelines for Canadian Drinking Water Quality: Guideline Technical Document-Fluoride. Water, Air and Climate Change Bureau, Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario. (Catalogue No. H128-1/11-647E-PDF). Available at: . http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/ewh-semt/pubs/water-eau/2011-fluoride-fluorure/index-eng.php.
16. Heffernan A.L., Aylward L.L., Toms L.M.L., Eaglesham G., Hobson P., Sly P.D., Mueller J.F. Age-related trends in urinary excretion of bisphenol A in Australian children and adults: evidence from a pooled sample study using samples of convenience. J. Toxicol. Environ. Health A 2013, 76:1039-1055.
17. Institute of Medicine (IOM), 1997. Dietary Reference Intakes for Calcium, Phosphorus, Magnesium, Vitamin D, and Fluoride. Standing Committee on the Scientific Evaluation of Dietary Reference Intakes, Food and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine. Available at: . http://www.nap.edu/catalog/5776.html.
18. Mage D.T., Allen R.H., Kodali A. Creatinine corrections for estimating children's and adult's pesticide intake doses in equilibrium with urinary pesticide and creatinine concentrations. J. Expo. Sci. Environ. Epidemiol. 2008, 18:360-368.
19. Maguire A., Zohouri F.V., Hindmarch P.N., Hatts J., Moynihan P.J. Fluoride intake and urinary excretion in 6- to 7-year-old children living in optimally, sub-optimally and non-fluoridated areas. Community Dent. Oral Epidemiol. 2007, 35:479-488.
20. Martins C.C., Paiva S.M., Cury J.A. Effect of discontinuation of fluoride intake from water and toothpaste on urinary excretion in young children. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2011, 8:2132-2141.
21. McCance, Widdowson Renal aspects of acid base control in the newly born: 1. Natural development. Acta Paediatr. 1960, 49:409-414.
22. Perucca J., Bouby N., Valeix P., Bankir L. Sex difference in urine concentration across differing ages, sodium intake, and level of kidney disease. Am. J. Physiol. Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol. 2007, 292:R700-R705.
23. Pratt E.L., Bienvenu B., Whyte M.M. Concentration of urine solutes by young infants. Pediatrics 1948, 1:181-187.
24. Remer T., Neubert A., Maser-Gluth C. Anthropometry-based reference values for 24-h urinary creatinine excretion during growth and their use in endocrine and nutritional research. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 2002, 75:561-569.
25. Roberts S.B., Lucas A. Measurement of urinary constituents and output using disposable napkins. Arch. Dis. Child. 1985, 60:1021-1024.
26. Rugg-Gunn A.J., Villa A.E., Buzalaf M.R. Contemporary biological markers of exposure to fluoride. Monogr. Oral Sci. 2011, 22:37-51.
27. United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), 2012. U.S. National health and nutrition examination survey 2009-2010 survey cycle. Available at: (accessed 6.09.2012). http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nhanes/nhanes2009-2010/lab09_10.htm.
28. United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA), 2010. Fluoride: Dose-Response Analysis For Non-cancer Effects. 820-R-10-019. Health and Ecological Criteria Division, Office of Water, Washington, D.C. Available at: (accessed 10.12.2012). http://water.epa.gov/action/advisories/drinking/upload/Fluoride_dose_response.pdf.
29. Van Haarst E.P., Heldeweg E.A., Newling D.W., Schlatmann T.J. The 24-h frequency-volume chart in adults reporting no voiding complaints: defining reference values and analysing variables. Br. J. Urol. Int. 2004, 93:1257-1261.
30. Villa A., Anabalon M., Cabezas L. The fractional urinary fluoride excretion in young children under stable fluoride intake conditions. Community Dent. Oral Epidemiol. 2000, 28:344-355.
31. Villa A., Anabalon M., Zohouri V., Maguire A., Franco A.M., Rugg-Gunn A. Relationships between fluoride intake, urinary fluoride excretion and fluoride retention in children and adults: an analysis of available data. Caries Res. 2010, 44:60-68.
32. Whitford G.M., Sampaio F.C., Pinto C.S., Maria A.G., Cardoso V.E., Buzalaf M.A. Pharmacokinetics of ingested fluoride: lack of effect of chemical compound. Arch. Oral Biol. 2008, 53:1037-1041.
33. Whitford G.M. Intake and metabolism of fluoride. Adv. Dent. Res. 1994, 8:5-14.
34. Zohouri F.V., Swinbank C.M., Maguire A., Moynihan P.J. Is the fluoride/creatinine ratio of a spot urine sample indicative of 24-h urinary fluoride?. Community Dent. Oral Epidemiol. 2006, 34:130-138.