A Modular Multilevel Converter Pulse Generation and Capacitor Voltage Balance Method Optimized for FPGA Implementation

IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics

Volumn 62, Issue 5, 2015, Pages 2859-2867

  Li, Wei ^a   Grégoire, Luc André ^a   Bélanger, Jean ^a  

^a OPAL RT TECHNOLOGIES   (Canada)

Author keywords

Field programmable gate array (FPGA); modular multilevel converter (MMC); power system simulation; real time systems

Indexed keywords

CAPACITORS; INTERACTIVE COMPUTER SYSTEMS; LOGIC GATES; POWER CONVERTERS; PULSE GENERATORS; REAL TIME SYSTEMS;

CAPACITOR VOLTAGE BALANCE; CONTROL REQUIREMENTS; CONVENTIONAL METHODS; FPGA IMPLEMENTATIONS; HARD-WARE-IN-THE-LOOP; MODULAR MULTI-LEVEL CONVERTERS; POWER SYSTEM SIMULATIONS; REAL TIME SIMULATORS;

FIELD PROGRAMMABLE GATE ARRAYS (FPGA);

EID: 84927583714     PISSN: 02780046     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1109/TIE.2014.2362879     Document Type: Article

References (33)

1. U. N. Gnanarathna, A. M. Gole, and R. P. Jayasinghe, "Efficient modeling of modular multilevel HVDC converters (MMC) on electromagnetic transient simulation programs," IEEE Trans. Power Del., vol. 26, no. 1, pp. 316-324, Jan. 2011.
2. M. Saeedifard and R. Iravani, "Dynamic performance of a modular multilevel back-to-back HVDC system," IEEE Trans. Power Del., vol. 25, no. 4, pp. 2903-2912, Oct. 2010.
3. S. Allebrod, R. Hamerski, and R. Marquardt, "New transformerless, scalable modular multilevel converters for HVDC-transmission," in Proc. IEEE PESC, 2008, pp. 174-179.
4. G. Bergna et al., "An energy-based controller for HVDC modular multilevel converter in decoupled double synchronous reference frame for voltage oscillation reduction," IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., vol. 60, no. 6, pp. 2360-2371, Jun. 2013.
5. W. Li, L.-A. Gregoire, and J. Bélanger, "Modeling and control of a full-bridge modular multilevel STATCOM," in Proc. IEEE Power Energy Soc. Gen. Meet., San Diego, CA, USA, Jul. 2012, vol. 7.
6. A. Antonopoulos, L. Angquist, L. Harnefors, K. Ilves, and H.-P. Nee, "Global asymptotic stability of modular multilevel converters," IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., vol. 61, no. 2, pp. 603-612, Feb. 2014.
7. A. Lesnicar and R. Marquardt, "An innovative modular multilevel converter topology suitable for a wide power range," in Proc. IEEE Power Tech Conf., Bologna, Italy, Jun. 2003, pp. 1-6.
8. A. Lesnicar and R. Marquardt, "A new modular voltage source inverter topology," in Proc. EPE, Toulouse, France, Sep. 2003, pp. 2-4.
9. B. P. McGrath, D. G. Holmes, and T. A. Lipo, "Optimised space vector switching sequences for multilevel inverters," IEEE Trans. Power Electron., vol. 18, no. 6, pp. 1293-1301, Nov. 2003.
10. M. Hagiwara and H. Akagi, "Control and experiment of pulsewidth-modulated modular multilevel converters," IEEE Trans. Power Electron., vol. 24, no. 7, pp. 1737-1746, Jul. 2009.
11. H. Akagi, S. Inoue, and T. Yoshii, "Control and performance of a transformerless cascade PWM STATCOM with star configuration," IEEE Trans. Ind. Appl., vol. 43, no. 4, pp. 1041-1049, Jul./Aug. 2007.
12. M. Hagiwara and H. Akagi, "Control and analysis of the modular Multilevel Cascade Converter Based on Double-Star Chopper-Cells (MMCCDSCC)," IEEE Trans. Power. Electron., vol. 26, no. 6, pp. 1649-1658, Jun. 2011.
13. S. Xu, H. Rao, Q. Song, W. Liu, and X. Zhao, "Experimental research of MMC based VSC-HVDC system for wind farm integration," in Proc. IEEE ISIE, 2013, pp. 1-5.
14. X. Zhao, G. Li, and C. Zhao, "Research on submodule capacitance voltage balancing of MMC based on carrier phase shifted SPWM technique," in Proc. CICED, 2010, pp. 1-6.
15. Q. Tu, Z. Xu, and L. Xu, "Reduced switching-frequency modulation and circulating current suppression for modular multilevel converters," IEEE Trans Power Del., vol. 26, no. 3, pp. 2009-2017, Jul. 2011.
16. E. Solas et al., "Modular multilevel converter with different submodule concepts - Part I: Capacitor voltage balancing method," IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., vol. 60, no. 10, pp. 4525-4535, Oct. 2013.
17. F. Deng and Z. Chen, "A control method for voltage balancing in modular multilevel converters," IEEE Trans. Power Electron., vol. 29, no. 1, pp. 66-76, Jan. 2014.
18. M. Glinka and R. Marquardt, "A new AC/AC multilevel converter family," IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., vol. 52, no. 3, pp. 662-669, Jun. 2005.
19. G. P. Adam et al., "Modular multilevel inverter: Pulse width modulation and capacitor balancing technique," IET Power Electron., vol. 3, no. 5, pp. 702-715, Sep. 2010.
20. P. M. Meshram and V. B. Borghate, "A novel voltage balancing method of Modular Multilevel Converter (MMC)," in Proc. ICEAS, 2011, pp. 1-5.
21. K. Wang, Y. Li, and Z. Zheng, "Voltage balancing control and experiments of a novel modular multilevel converter," in Proc. IEEE ECCE, 2010, pp. 3691-3696.
22. K. Wang, Y. Li, Z. Zheng, and L. Xu, "Voltage balancing and fluctuation-suppression methods of floating capacitors in a new modular multilevel converter," IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., vol. 60, no. 5, pp. 1943-1954, May 2013.
23. J. Mei, K. Shen, B. Xiao, L. M. Tolbert, and J. Zheng, "A new selective loop bias mapping phase disposition PWM with dynamic voltage balance capability for modular multilevel converter," IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., vol. 61, no. 2, pp. 798-807, Feb. 2014.
24. G. S. Konstantinou and V. G. Agelidis, "Performance evaluation of half-bridge cascaded multilevel converters operated with multicarrier sinusoidal PWM techniques," in Proc. IEEE Conf. Ind. Electron. Appl., Xi'an, China, 2009, pp. 3399-3404.
25. th IEEE IECON, 2011, pp. 4391-4396.
26. S. Rohner, S. Bernet, M. Hiller, and R. Sommer, "Modulation, losses, semiconductor requirements of modular multilevel converters," IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., vol. 57, no. 8, pp. 2633-2642, Aug. 2010.
27. Z. Li, P. Wang, H. Zhu, Z. Chu, and Y. Li, "An improved pulse width modulation method for chopper-cell-based modular multilevel converters," IEEE Trans. Power Electron., vol. 27, no. 8, pp. 3472-3481, Aug. 2012.
28. L. Wang, P. Wang, Z. Li, and Y. Li, "A novel capacitor voltage balancing control strategy for Modular Multilevel Converters (MMC)," in Proc. ICEMS, 2013, pp. 1804-1807.
29. S. Rohner, S. Bernet, M. Hiller, and R. Sommer, "Modelling, simulation and analysis of a modular multilevel converter for medium voltage applications," in Proc. IEEE ICIT, 2010, pp. 775-782.
30. L. Zhang and G. Wang, "Voltage balancing control of a novel modular multilevel converter," in Proc. Elect. Utility DRPT, Jul. 2011, pp. 109-114.
31. X. Li, Q. Song, J. Li, and W. Liu, "Capacitor voltage balancing control based on CPS-PWM of modular multilevel converter," in Proc. IEEE ECCE, Sep. 2011, pp. 4029-4034.
32. th IEEE IECON, 2012, pp. 4935-4940.
33. W. Li, L.-A. Gregoire, and J. Bélanger, "Control and Performance of a Modular Multilevel Converter System," in Proc. CIGRE Canada Conf. Power Syst., Halifax, NS, Canada, Sep. 2011, pp. 1-8.