메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn , Issue , 2005, Pages 3-45

The globalization of private knowledge goods and the privatization of global public goods

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords


EID: 84926979692     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.1017/CBO9780511494529.002     Document Type: Chapter
Times cited : (43)

References (144)
  • 3
    • 79952388024 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trade, growth, and poverty, development research group
    • unpublished manuscript, on file with authors
    • David Dollar & Aart Kraay, Trade, Growth, and Poverty, Development Research Group, The World Bank (2001) (unpublished manuscript, on file with authors).
    • (2001) The World Bank
    • Dollar, D.1    Kraay, A.2
  • 6
    • 0012282797 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Universal minimum standards of intellectual property protection under the trips component of the wto agreement
    • C.M. Correa & A. Yusuf eds
    • J.H. Reichman, Universal Minimum Standards of Intellectual Property Protection under the TRIPS Component of the WTO Agreement, in INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY AND INTERNATIONAL TRADE: THE TRIPS AGREEMENT 21 (C.M. Correa & A. Yusuf eds., 1998)
    • (1998) INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY AND INTERNATIONAL TRADE: THE TRIPS AGREEMENT , vol.21
    • Reichman, J.H.1
  • 9
    • 1842521247 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Developing countries and international intellectual property standard- setting
    • Peter Drahos, Developing Countries and International Intellectual Property Standard- Setting, 5 J.WORLD INTELL. PROP. 765 (2002)
    • (2002) PROP J.WORLD INTELL , vol.5 , pp. 765
    • Drahos, P.1
  • 11
    • 84927023496 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intellectual property rights in the global economy
    • hereinafterMASKUS, IP RI GHTS
    • KEITH E. MASKUS, INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS IN THE GLOBAL ECONOMY 109–42 (Institute for International Economics 2000) [hereinafterMASKUS, IP RI GHTS].
    • (2000) Institute for International Economics , pp. 109-142
    • Keith, E.1
  • 13
    • 84927031876 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Provi ding global public goods: Managing globalization
    • PROVI DING GLOBAL PUBLIC GOODS: MANAGING GLOBALIZATION (Inge Kaul et al. eds., United NationsDevelopment Program2003)
    • (2003) United Nationsdevelopment Program
    • Kaul, I.1
  • 15
    • 84927031875 scopus 로고
    • Samuelson, the pure theory of public expenditure, 36 rev
    • See Paul A. Samuelson, The Pure Theory of Public Expenditure, 36 REV. ECON. & STAT. 387 (1954)
    • (1954) ECON. & STAT , pp. 387
    • See Paul, A.1
  • 17
    • 84927118491 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • MASKUS, IP RIGHTS, above n. 8, at 36–38.
    • IP RIGHTS , vol.8 , pp. 36-38
    • Maskus1
  • 18
    • 85015919944 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regulatory standards in the wto: Comparing intellectual property rights with competition policy
    • WORLD TRADE REV
    • Keith E. Maskus, Regulatory Standards in the WTO: Comparing Intellectual Property Rights with Competition Policy, Environmental Protection, and Core Labor Standards, 1 WORLD TRADE REV. 135 (2002).
    • (2002) Environmental Protection, and Core Labor Standards , vol.1 , pp. 135
    • Maskus, K.E.1
  • 19
    • 10044250922 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • National patents, innovation, and international agreements
    • Philip McCalman, National Patents, Innovation, and International Agreements, 11 J. INT’ L TRADE &DEV. 1 (2002)
    • (2002) J. INT’ L TRADE &Dev , vol.11 , pp. 1
    • Mc Calman, P.1
  • 22
    • 84919556319 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • From free riders to fair followers: Global competition under the trips agreement
    • N.Y.U. J. INT’ L L. & POL
    • J.H. Reichman, From Free Riders to Fair Followers: Global Competition under the TRIPS Agreement, 29 N.Y.U. J. INT’ L L. & POL. 11 (1997) [hereinafter Reichman, Free Riders to Fair Followers].
    • (1997) Hereinafter Reichman, Free Riders to Fair Followers , vol.29 , Issue.11
    • Reichman, J.H.1
  • 24
    • 84881882553 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Internationalization of the patent system and new technologies
    • Carlos M. Correa, Internationalization of the Patent System and New Technologies, 20WI S. INT’ L L.J. 523, 544–50 (2002).
    • (2002) WI S. INT’ L L.J , vol.20 , Issue.523 , pp. 544-550
    • Correa, C.M.1
  • 25
    • 0034800779 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reaping what you sow: An empirical analysis of international patent harmonization
    • Philip McCalman, Reaping What You Sow: An Empirical Analysis of International Patent Harmonization, 55 J. INT’ L ECON. 161 (2001).
    • (2001) J. INT’ L ECON , vol.55 , pp. 161
    • Mc Calman, P.1
  • 26
    • 0035182840 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How do foreign patent rights affect U.S. Exports, affiliate sales, and licenses?
    • Pamela J. Smith, How Do Foreign Patent Rights Affect U.S. Exports, Affiliate Sales, and Licenses?, 55 J. INT’ L ECON. 411 (2001).
    • (2001) J. INT’ L ECON , vol.55 , pp. 411
    • Smith, P.J.1
  • 28
    • 84889281587 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A review of theory and evidence
    • General EquilibriumApproaches to the Multinational Firm, K. Choi&J. Harrigan eds
    • James R. Markusen & Keith E. Maskus, General EquilibriumApproaches to the Multinational Firm: A Review of Theory and Evidence, in HANDBOOK OF INTERNAT IONAL TRADE 320 (K. Choi&J. Harrigan eds., 2003)
    • (2003) HANDBOOK OF INTERNAT IONAL TRADE 320
    • Markusen, J.R.1    Maskus, K.E.2
  • 30
    • 0000036966 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trade in ideas: Patenting and productivity in the oecd
    • Jonathan Eaton & Samuel Kortum, Trade in Ideas: Patenting and Productivity in the OECD, 40 J. INT’ L ECON. 251 (1996).
    • (1996) J. INT’ L ECON , vol.40 , pp. 251
    • Eaton, J.1    Kortum, S.2
  • 31
    • 1642385931 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A contractually reconstructed research commons for scientific data in a highly protectionist intellectual property environment
    • hereinafter A Contractually Reconstructed Research Commons
    • J.H. Reichman & Paul Uhlir, A Contractually Reconstructed Research Commons for Scientific Data in a Highly Protectionist Intellectual Property Environment, 66 LAW & CONTEMP. PROBS. 315 (2003) [hereinafter A Contractually Reconstructed Research Commons].
    • (2003) LAW & CONTEMP. PROBS , vol.66 , Issue.315
    • Reichman, J.H.1    Uhlir, P.2
  • 32
    • 84926988589 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of sc ienti fic and technical data and information in the public domain
    • hereinafter ROLE OF S CIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL DATA
    • THE ROLE oF SC IENTI FIC AND TECHNICAL DATA AND INFORMATION IN THE PUBLIC DOMAIN (J.M. Esanu & Paul Uhlir eds., National Research Council 2003) [hereinafter ROLE OF S CIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL DATA].
    • (2003) National Research Council
    • Esanu, J.M.1    Uhlir, P.2
  • 33
    • 0000926217 scopus 로고
    • Licensing versus direct investment: A model of internalization by the multinational enterprise
    • I. Horstmann & J.R. Markusen, Licensing versus Direct Investment: A Model of Internalization by the Multinational Enterprise, 20 CAN. J. ECON. 464 (1987)
    • (1987) CAN. J. ECON , vol.20 , pp. 464
    • Horstmann, I.1    Markusen, J.R.2
  • 34
    • 0030408324 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Contracting for tacit knowledge: The provision of technical services in technology licensing contracts
    • A. Arora, Contracting for Tacit Knowledge: The Provision of Technical Services in Technology Licensing Contracts, 50 J. DEV. ECON. 233 (1996).
    • (1996) J. DEV. ECON , vol.50 , pp. 233
    • Arora, A.1
  • 36
    • 0010691794 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of intellectual property rights in encouraging foreign direct investment and technology transfer
    • Keith E. Maskus, The Role of Intellectual Property Rights in Encouraging Foreign Direct Investment and Technology Transfer, 9 DUKE J. COMPAR. & INT’ L L. 109 (1998)
    • (1998) DUKE J. COMPAR. & INT’ L L , vol.9 , pp. 109
    • Maskus, K.E.1
  • 37
    • 84927075229 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • National policies, international negotiations, and multilateral disciplines
    • International Technology Transfer
    • Kamal Saggi, International Technology Transfer: National Policies, International Negotiations, and Multilateral Disciplines, report to Commonwealth Secretariat (2003).
    • (2003) Report to Commonwealth Secretariat
    • Saggi, K.1
  • 38
    • 0029486914 scopus 로고
    • Maskus & mohan penubarti, how trade-related are intellectual property rights?
    • Keith E. Maskus & Mohan Penubarti, How Trade-Related are Intellectual Property Rights?, 39 J. INT’ L ECON. 227 (1995).
    • (1995) J. INT’ L ECON , vol.39 , pp. 227
    • Keith, E.1
  • 42
    • 84927081970 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intellectual property and economic development: Lessons from american and european history, commission on intellectual property rights
    • Z. Khan, Intellectual Property and Economic Development: Lessons from American and European History, Commission on Intellectual Property Rights, Background Paper 1A (2002)
    • (2002) Background Paper , pp. 1A
    • Khan, Z.1
  • 43
    • 84859198197 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intellectual property rights, technology and economic development: Experiences of asian countries
    • N. Kumar, Intellectual Property Rights, Technology and Economic Development: Experiences of Asian Countries, Commission on Intellectual Property Rights, background paper 1B (2002).
    • (2002) Commission on Intellectual Property Rights, Background Paper , pp. 1B
    • Kumar, N.1
  • 45
    • 84885110091 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Technology transfer and intellectual property rights: Lessons from korea’s experience
    • Linsu Kim, Technology Transfer and Intellectual Property Rights: Lessons from Korea’s Experience, UNCTAD/ICTSD Working Paper (2002).
    • (2002) UNCTAD/ICTSD Working Paper
    • Kim, L.1
  • 46
    • 84927092900 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Maskus, IP RIGHTS, above n. 8, at 143–60.
    • IP RIGHTS , vol.8 , pp. 143-160
    • Maskus1
  • 47
    • 0013276156 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bargaining over the transfer of proprietary research tools: Is this market failing or emerging?
    • Rochelle Dreyfuss et al. eds., hereinafter EXPANDING THE BOUNDARIES OF IP
    • Rebecca S. Eisenberg, Bargaining over the Transfer of Proprietary Research Tools: Is this Market Failing or Emerging?, in EXPANDING THE BOUNDARIES OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY: INNOVATION POLICY fOR THE KNOWLEDGE SOCIETY 223 (Rochelle Dreyfuss et al. eds., 2001) [hereinafter EXPANDING THE BOUNDARIES OF IP]
    • (2001) EXPANDING THE BOUNDARIES OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY: INNOVATION POLICY for THE KNOWLEDGE SOCIETY , vol.223
    • Eisenberg, R.S.1
  • 49
    • 0347169655 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intellectual property rights in data ?
    • J.H. Reichman & Pamela Samuelson, Intellectual Property Rights in Data ?, 50 VAND. L. REV. 51 (1997).
    • (1997) VAND. L. REV , vol.50 , pp. 51
    • Reichman, J.H.1    Samuelson, P.2
  • 50
    • 84926988588 scopus 로고
    • 15 Apr, Annex 1A, I.L.M., hereinafter GATT 1994
    • Multilateral Agreements on Trade in Goods, 15 Apr. 1994, WTO Agreement, Annex 1A, 33 I.L.M. 1154 (1994) [hereinafter GATT 1994]
    • (1994) Wto agreement , Issue.33 , pp. 1154
  • 52
    • 0041603023 scopus 로고
    • The theory of property rights and the protection of intellectual and industrial property
    • Lehman, The Theory of Property Rights and the Protection of Intellectual and Industrial Property, 16 INT’ L REV. INDUS. PROP. ©RIGHT (IIC) 525 (1985)
    • (1985) INT’ L REV. INDUS , vol.16 , pp. 525
    • Lehman1
  • 53
    • 0001563414 scopus 로고
    • Nature and function of the patent system
    • Edmund Kitch, Nature and Function of the Patent System, 30 J.L. & ECON. 265 (1977).
    • (1977) J.L. & ECON , vol.265 , Issue.30
    • Kitch, E.1
  • 54
    • 84927030749 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Shamans, software and spleens: Law and the construction of the information society
    • JAMES BOYLE, SHAMANS, SOFTWARE AND SPLEENS: LAW AND THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE INFORMATION SOCIETY 25–46 (1996) [hereinafter BOYLE, SHAMANS, SOFTWARE & SPLEENS]
    • (1996) Hereinafter BOYLE, SHAMANS, SOFTWARE & SPLEENS , pp. 25-46
    • James, B.1
  • 55
    • 84879574755 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The economics of trips: International trade in information-intensive products
    • John H. Barton, The Economics of TRIPS: International Trade in Information-Intensive Products, 33 GEO. WASH. INT’ L L. REV. 473 (2001)
    • (2001) GEO. WASH. INT’ L L. REV , vol.33 , pp. 473
    • Barton, J.H.1
  • 56
    • 0032278722 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Economic theories about the benefits and costs of patents
    • Roberto Mazzoleni & Richard R. Nelson, Economic Theories About the Benefits and Costs of Patents, 32 J. ECON. IS SUES 1031 (1998).
    • (1998) J. ECON. IS SUES , vol.32 , pp. 1031
    • Mazzoleni, R.1    Nelson, R.R.2
  • 57
    • 0344927845 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fostering cumulative innovation in the biopharmaceutical industry: The role of patents and antitrust
    • Arti K. Rai, Fostering Cumulative Innovation in the Biopharmaceutical Industry: The Role of Patents and Antitrust, 16 BERKELEY TECH. L.J. 813 (2001)
    • (2001) BERKELEY TECH. L.J , vol.16 , pp. 813
    • Rai, A.K.1
  • 58
    • 1342289059 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Enclosing the genome: What the squabbles over genetic patents could teach us
    • F. Scott Kieff ed
    • James Boyle, Enclosing the Genome: What the Squabbles over Genetic Patents Could Teach Us, in PERSPECT IVES ON PROPERTI E S OF THE HUMAN GENOME PROJECT 97 (F. Scott Kieff ed., 2003)
    • (2003) PERSPECT IVES ON PROPERTI E S OF THE HUMAN GENOME PROJECT , vol.97
    • Boyle, J.1
  • 59
    • 79959988823 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The second enclosure movement and the construction of the public domain
    • James Boyle, The Second Enclosure Movement and the Construction of the Public Domain, 66 LAW & CONTEMP. PROBS. 33 (2003)
    • (2003) LAW & CONTEMP. PROBS , vol.66 , Issue.33
    • Boyle, J.1
  • 61
    • 56349121549 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The political economy of public science
    • Helen Lawton Smith ed
    • Paul David, The Political Economy of Public Science, in THE REGULATION OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 38 (Helen Lawton Smith ed., 2001).
    • (2001) THE REGULATION OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 38
    • David, P.1
  • 62
    • 0040670704 scopus 로고
    • Opportunities and risks of a gatt connection
    • Intellectual Property in International Trade
    • J. H. Reichman, Intellectual Property in International Trade: Opportunities and Risks of a GATT Connection, 22 VAND. J. TRANSNAT’ L L. 747 (1989).
    • (1989) VAND. J. TRANSNAT’ L L , vol.22 , pp. 747
    • Reichman, J.H.1
  • 65
    • 84925715075 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Formulating effective pro-development national intellectual property policies
    • criticizing WIPO Secretariat for emphasizing
    • Carlos Correa, Formulating Effective Pro-development National Intellectual Property Policies, in TRADING IN KNOWLEDGE, above n. 53, at 209-214 (criticizing WIPO Secretariat for emphasizing).
    • TRADING IN KNOWLEDGE , vol.53 , pp. 209-214
    • Correa, C.1
  • 66
    • 20944442554 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multilateral agreements and a trips-plus world: The world intellectual property organization (wipo)
    • Quaker U.N. Office, Geneva
    • Sisule F. Musungu & Graham Dutfield, Multilateral Agreements and a TRIPS-plus World: The World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO), Quaker U.N. Office, Geneva, TRIPS Issues papers No. 3 (2003).
    • (2003) TRIPS Issues Papers No , pp. 3
    • Musungu, S.F.1    Dutfield, G.2
  • 67
    • 84926988585 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sept
    • papers presented at UNCTAD/ICTSD Second Bellagio Conference, 17–20 Sept. 2003.
    • (2003) Second Bellagio Conference , pp. 17-20
  • 68
    • 33644999592 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The trips agreement and new dynamics of international intellectual property lawmaking
    • Laurence R. Helfer, Regime Shifting: The TRIPS Agreement and New Dynamics of International Intellectual Property Lawmaking, 29 YALE J. INT’ L L. 1 (2004).
    • (2004) YALE J. INT’ L L , vol.29 , pp. 1
    • Helfer, L.R.1    Shifting, R.2
  • 69
    • 84927007276 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Integrating ipr policies in development strategies
    • John Barton, Integrating IPR Policies in Development Strategies, in TRADING IN KNOWLEDGE, above n. 53, at 57, 60–64.
    • TRADING IN KNOWLEDGE , vol.53 , Issue.57 , pp. 60-64
    • Barton, J.1
  • 70
    • 78650150251 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trade diplomacy, the rule of law and the problem of asymmetric risks in trips
    • Sept., visited 1 May 2003
    • Frederick M. Abbott, Trade Diplomacy, the Rule of Law and the Problem of Asymmetric Risks in TRIPS, Quaker United Nation Office Occasional Paper 13 (Sept. 2003), available at http://www.geneva.quno.info/pdf/OP13 Abbottfindft rev_1.pdf (visited 1 May 2003)
    • (2003) Quaker United Nation Office Occasional Paper , vol.13
    • Abbott, F.M.1
  • 71
    • 20944437114 scopus 로고
    • Legal hybrids between the patent and copyright paradigms
    • J.H. Reichman, Legal Hybrids between the Patent and Copyright Paradigms, 94 COLUM. L. REV. 2432 (1994)
    • (1994) COLUM. L. REV , vol.94 , pp. 2432
    • Reichman, J.H.1
  • 77
    • 84927063347 scopus 로고
    • U.S
    • Compco Corp. v. Day-Brite Lighting, Inc., 376 U.S. 234 (1964).
    • (1964) Day-Brite Lighting, Inc , vol.376 , pp. 234
  • 78
    • 0002629757 scopus 로고
    • The U.S. National innovation system
    • Richard R. Nelson ed
    • David S. Mowery & Nathan Rosenberg, The U.S. National Innovation System, in NATIONAL INNOVATION S YSTEMS 29–75 (Richard R. Nelson ed., 1993).
    • (1993) NATIONAL INNOVATION S YSTEMS , pp. 29-75
    • Mowery, D.S.1    Rosenberg, N.2
  • 79
    • 2542422454 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mapping the digital public domain: Threats and opportunities
    • Pamela Samuelson, Mapping the Digital Public Domain: Threats and Opportunities, 66 LAW & CONTEMP. PROBS. 147 (2003).
    • (2003) LAW & CONTEMP. PROBS , vol.66 , pp. 147
    • Samuelson, P.1
  • 81
    • 0040079206 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A public-regarding approach to contracting over copyrights
    • Nina Elkin-Koren, A Public-Regarding Approach to Contracting Over Copyrights, in EXPANDING THE BOUNDARIES OF IP, above n. 41, at 191
    • EXPANDING THE BOUNDARIES OF IP , vol.41 , pp. 191
    • Elkin-Koren, N.1
  • 82
    • 0037875592 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • U.S. Initiatives to protect works of low authorship
    • Jane C. Ginsburg, U.S. Initiatives to Protect Works of Low Authorship, in EXPANDING THE BOUNDARIES OF IP, above n. 41, at 55.
    • EXPANDING THE BOUNDARIES OF IP , vol.41 , pp. 55
    • Ginsburg, J.C.1
  • 83
    • 0346479829 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Repackaging rights in subpatentable innovation
    • J.H. Reichman, Of Green Tulips and Legal Kudzu: Repackaging Rights in Subpatentable Innovation, 53 VAND. L. REV. 1743 (2000).
    • (2000) VAND. L. REV , vol.53 , pp. 1743
    • Reichman, J.H.1    Of, G.T.2    Kudzu, L.3
  • 86
    • 84927075226 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bargaining over the transfer of proprietary research tools
    • Rebecca S. Eisenberg, Bargaining over the Transfer of Proprietary Research Tools, in EXPANDING THE BOUNDARIES OF IP, above n. 41
    • EXPANDING THE BOUNDARIES OF IP , vol.41
    • Eisenberg, R.S.1
  • 87
    • 84927075225 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Networks of learning in biotechnology: Opportunities and constraints associated with relational contracting in a knowledge-intensive field
    • Walter W. Powell, Networks of Learning in Biotechnology: Opportunities and Constraints Associated with Relational Contracting in a Knowledge-Intensive Field, in EXPANDING THE BOUNDARIES OF IP, above n. 41.
    • EXPANDING THE BOUNDARIES OF IP , vol.41
    • Powell, W.W.1
  • 91
    • 0038034789 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Engaging facts and policy: A multi-institutional approach to patent system reform
    • Arti K. Rai, Engaging Facts and Policy: A Multi-Institutional Approach to Patent System Reform, 103 COLUM. L. REV. 1035 (2003)
    • (2003) COLUM. L. REV , vol.103 , pp. 1035
    • Rai, A.K.1
  • 93
    • 27844560954 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Carrots and sticks to create a better patent system
    • Jay P. Kesan, Carrots and Sticks to Create a Better Patent System, 17 BERKELEY TECH. L.J. 763 (2002)
    • (2002) BERKELEY TECH. L.J , vol.17 , pp. 763
    • Kesan, J.P.1
  • 94
    • 0013286929 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • As many as six impossible patents before breakf ast: Property rights for business concepts and patent system reform
    • Robert Merges, As Many as Six Impossible Patents before Breakf ast: Property Rights for Business Concepts and Patent System Reform, 14 BERKELEY TECH. L.J. 577 (1999)
    • (1999) BERKELEY TECH. L.J , vol.14 , pp. 577
    • Merges, R.1
  • 95
    • 0036486793 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The growing complexity of the united states patent system
    • John Allison & Mark Lemley, The Growing Complexity of the United States Patent System, 82 BOSTON U. L. REV. 77 (2002).
    • (2002) BOSTON U. L. REV , vol.82 , pp. 77
    • Allison, J.1    Lemley, M.2
  • 97
    • 3142781905 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of research tool patents and licensing on biomedical innovation
    • W.M. Cohen & S.A. Merrill eds., National Research Council
    • John P. Walsh et al., Effects of Research Tool Patents and Licensing on Biomedical Innovation, in PATENTS IN THE KNOWLEDGE-BASED ECONOMY 285–340 (W.M. Cohen & S.A. Merrill eds., National Research Council 2001).
    • (2001) PATENTS IN THE KNOWLEDGE-BASED ECONOMY , pp. 285-340
    • Walsh, J.P.1
  • 98
    • 34249287113 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • NEW YORK TIMES MAGAZINE12 Mar
    • James Gleick, Patently Absurd, NEW YORK TIMES MAGAZINE, 12 Mar. 2000, at 44.
    • (2000) Patently Absurd , pp. 44
    • Gleick, J.1
  • 101
    • 84926988582 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Competition policy in patent cases and antitrust, in perspectives on properties of the human genome project
    • Gerald Sobel, Competition Policy in Patent Cases and Antitrust, in PERSPECTIVES ON PROPERTIES OF THE HUMAN GENOME PROJECT, above n. 49, at 23, 26–41 (“The Federal Circuit’s transformation of the law”).
    • The Federal Circuit’s Transformation of the Law , vol.49 , Issue.23 , pp. 26-41
    • Sobel, G.1
  • 103
    • 17144416354 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Through the looking glass: Alice and the consti tutional foundations of the public domain
    • Yochai Benkler, Through the Looking Glass: Alice and the Consti tutional Foundations of the Public Domain, 66 LAW & CONTEMP. PROBS. 173 (2003)
    • (2003) LAW & CONTEMP. PROBS , vol.66 , pp. 173
    • Benkler, Y.1
  • 105
    • 84926988581 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sept., visited 21 Dec
    • International Task Force on Global Public Goods, Report of the First Meeting, 25–26 Sept. 2003, available at http://www.gpgtaskforce.org/bazment.aspx (visited 21 Dec. 2003).
    • (2003) Report of the First Meeting , pp. 25-26
  • 106
    • 0346720525 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Public research and private development:Patents and technology transfer in government-sponsored research
    • Rebecca S. Eisenberg, Public Research and Private Development: Patents and Technology Transfer in Government-Sponsored Research, 82 VA. L. REV. 1663 (1996).
    • (1996) VA. L. REV , vol.82 , pp. 1663
    • Eisenberg, R.S.1
  • 107
    • 85049108884 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bayh-dole reform and the progress of biomedicine
    • Arti K. Rai & Rebecca S. Eisenberg, Bayh-Dole Reform and the Progress of Biomedicine, 66 LAW & CONTEMP. PROBS. 289 (2003).
    • (2003) LAW & CONTEMP. PROBS , vol.66 , Issue.289
    • Rai, A.K.1    Eisenberg, R.S.2
  • 108
    • 84927118489 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • visited 7 Feb
    • Decision of the South African Competition Commission concerning AIDS medicines, av ai la ble at www.cptech.org/ip/health/sa/settlement12092003.pdf (visited 7 Feb. 2004).
    • (2004)
  • 109
    • 84926988580 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Non-voluntary li cens ing of patented inventions: The law and practice of the united states
    • U.S. law
    • J.H. REICHMAN WITH CATHERINE HASENZAHL, NON-VOLUNTARY LI CENS ING OF PATENTED INVENTIONS: THE LAW AND PRACTICE OF THE UNITED STATES (UNCTAD/ICTSD 2003) (discussing broad reliance on government use provisions in U.S. law).
    • (2003) Discussing Broad Reliance on Government Use Provisions
    • Reichman, J.H.1    Hasenzahl, C.2
  • 110
    • 1542267828 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wto decision on implementation of paragraph 6 of the doha declaration on the trips agreement and public health: A solution to the access to essential medicines problem?
    • Duncan Matthews, WTO Decision on Implementation of Paragraph 6 of the Doha Declaration on the TRIPS Agreement and Public Health: A Solution to the Access to Essential Medicines Problem?, 7 JIEL 73 (2004).
    • (2004) JIEL , vol.7 , Issue.73
    • Matthews, D.1
  • 111
    • 0036918625 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The human rights implications of intellectual property protection
    • Audrey R. Chapman, The Human Rights Implications of Intellectual Property Protection, 5 JIEL 861-867 (2002)
    • (2002) JIEL , vol.5 , pp. 861-867
    • Chapman, A.R.1
  • 113
    • 84927031871 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • From trips to rips: A better trade framework to support innovation in medical technologies, presented at the workshop on economic issues related to access to hiv/aids care in developing countries
    • Marseille, France, visited 30 Jan. 2004
    • James Love & Tim Hubbard, From TRIPS to RIPS: A Better Trade Framework to Support Innovation in Medical Technologies, presented at the workshop on economic issues related to access to HIV/AIDS care in developing countries, Agence Nationale de Recherches sur le Sida, Marseille, France (2003), available at http://www.cptech.org/ip/health/rndtf/trips2rips.pdf (visited 30 Jan. 2004).
    • (2003) Agence Nationale De Recherches Sur Le Sida
    • Love, J.1    Hubbard, T.2
  • 115
    • 0040090168 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The canadian generic medicines panel: A dangerous precedent in dangerous times
    • Robert Howse, The Canadian Generic Medicines Panel: A Dangerous Precedent in Dangerous Times, 3 J. WORLD INTELL. PROP. 493 (2002)
    • (2002) J. WORLD INTELL. PROP , vol.3 , Issue.493
    • Howse, R.1
  • 117
    • 0039865986 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Securing compliance with the trips agreement after U.S. V. India
    • J. H. Reichman, Securing Compliance with the TRIPS Agreement after U.S. v. India, 1 JIEL 585, 594–97 (1998).
    • (1998) JIEL , vol.585 , Issue.1 , pp. 594-597
    • Reichman, J.H.1
  • 124
    • 1342267798 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Varying the course in patenting genetic material: A counter-proposal to richard epstein’s steady course
    • Rochelle Cooper Dreyfuss, Varying the Course in Patenting Genetic Material: A Counter-Proposal to Richard Epstein’s Steady Course, in PERSPECTIVES ON PROPERTIES OF THE HUMAN GENOME PROJECT, above n. 49, at 195–208.
    • PERSPECTIVES ON PROPERTIES OF THE HUMAN GENOME PROJECT , vol.49 , pp. 195-208
    • Dreyfuss, R.C.1
  • 126
    • 0345547423 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Policy levers in patent law
    • Dan L. Burk & Mark A. Lemley, Policy Levers in Patent Law, 89 VA. L. REV. 1575 (2003).
    • (2003) VA. L. REV , vol.89 , pp. 1575
    • Burk, D.L.1    Lemley, M.A.2
  • 127
    • 0040079206 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A public regarding approach to contracting over copyrights
    • Niva Elkin-Korin, A Public Regarding Approach to Contracting over Copyrights, in EXPANDING THE BOUNDARIES OF IP, above n. 41, at 191, 195–98
    • EXPANDING THE BOUNDARIES OF IP , vol.41 , Issue.191 , pp. 195-198
    • Elkin-Korin, N.1
  • 129
    • 77950100958 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Harmony and diversity in global patent law
    • Accord: John F. Duffy, Harmony and Diversity in Global Patent Law, 17 BERKELEY TECH. L.J. 685, 709–25 (2002)
    • (2002) BERKELEY TECH. L.J , vol.17 , Issue.685 , pp. 709-725
    • Duffy, J.F.1
  • 132
  • 135
    • 33749034555 scopus 로고
    • Intellectual property as a trade issue: The making of the agreement on trade related aspects of intellectual property
    • Gail E. Evans, Intellectual Property as a Trade Issue: The Making of the Agreement on Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual Property, 18 WORLD COMPET I T ION, L.&ECON. REV. 137 (1994).
    • (1994) WORLD COMPET I T ION, L.&Econ. REV , vol.18 , Issue.137
    • Evans, G.E.1
  • 140
    • 84965687483 scopus 로고
    • SCI. & HUM. VALUES
    • Michael Callon, Is Science a Public Good ?, 19 SCI. & HUM. VALUES 395, 400 (1994)
    • (1994) Is Science a Public Good ? , vol.19 , Issue.395 , pp. 400
    • Callon, M.1
  • 142
    • 84927097182 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Conflicting international public sector information policies and their effects on the public domain and the economy
    • Peter Weiss, Conflicting International Public Sector Information Policies and Their Effects on the Public Domain and the Economy, in ROLE OF SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL DATA, above n. 28, at 129–32.
    • ROLE OF SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL DATA , vol.28 , pp. 129-132
    • Weiss, P.1
  • 144
    • 84882030807 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The new new financial thing: The sources of innovation before and after “state street,”
    • Josh Lerner, The New New Financial Thing: The Sources of Innovation Before and After “State Street,” N.B.E.R. Working Paper No. W10223 (Jan. 2004).
    • (2004) N.B.E.R. Working Paper No. W10223
    • Lerner, J.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.