Effects of earplugs and eye masks combined with relaxing music on sleep, melatonin and cortisol levels in ICU patients: A randomized controlled trial

Critical Care

Volumn 19, Issue 1, 2015, Pages

  Hu, Rong Fang ^a   Jiang, Xiao Ying ^a   Hegadoren, Kathleen M ^b   Zhang, You Hua ^c  

^a FUJIAN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY   (China)

^b UNIVERSITY OF ALBERTA   (Canada)

^c FUJIAN PROVINCIAL HOSPITAL   (China)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

HYDROCORTISONE; MELATONIN;

ADULT; AROUSAL; ARTICLE; ASSESSMENT OF HUMANS; CLINICAL ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; EARPLUG; EYE MASK; FEMALE; HEART SURGERY; HUMAN; HYDROCORTISONE URINE LEVEL; INTENSIVE CARE UNIT; MALE; MASK; MUSIC; OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY THERAPEUTIC DEVICE; PERCEPTION; POSTOPERATIVE PERIOD; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; RICHARDS CAMPBELL SLEEP QUESTIONNAIRE; SLEEP; SLEEP QUALITY; URINARY EXCRETION; URINE; VISUAL ANALOG SCALE; ADVERSE EFFECTS; EAR PROTECTIVE DEVICE; ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE; EYE PROTECTIVE DEVICE; LIGHT; MIDDLE AGED; NOISE; PHYSIOLOGY; POLYSOMNOGRAPHY;

ADULT; EAR PROTECTIVE DEVICES; ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE; EYE PROTECTIVE DEVICES; FEMALE; HUMANS; HYDROCORTISONE; INTENSIVE CARE UNITS; LIGHT; MALE; MELATONIN; MIDDLE AGED; MUSIC; NOISE; POLYSOMNOGRAPHY; SLEEP;

EID: 84926620564     PISSN: 13648535     EISSN: 1466609X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1186/s13054-015-0855-3     Document Type: Article

References (51)

1. Parthasarathy S, Tobin MJ. Effect of ventilator mode on sleep quality in critically ill patients. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2002;66:1423-9.
2. Richardson A, Crow W, Coghill E, Turnock C. A comparison of sleep assessment tools by nurses and patients in critical care. J Clin Nurs. 2007;16:1660-8.
3. Whitcomb JJ, Morgan M, Irvin T, Spencer K, Boynton L, Turman S, et al. A pilot study on delirium in the intensive care unit: a creative inquiry project with undergraduate nursing students. Dimens Crit Care Nurs. 2013;32:266-70.
4. Mejer TJ, Eveloff SE, Bauer MS, Schwartz WA, Hill NS, Millman RP. Adverse environmental conditions in the respiratory and medical ICU settings. Chest. 1994;105:1211-6.
5. Weinhouse GL, Schwab RJ, Watson PL, Patil N, Vaccaro B, Pandharipande P, et al. Bench-to-bedside review: delirium in ICU patients - importance of sleep deprivation. Crit Care. 2009;13:234.
6. Kamdar BB, Needham DM, Collop NA. Sleep deprivation in critical illness: its role in physical and psychological recovery. J Intensive Care Med. 2012;27:97-111.
7. Cooper AB, Thornley KS, Young GB, Slutsky AS, Stewart TE, Hanly PJ. Sleep in critically ill patients requiring mechanical ventilation. Chest. 2000;117:809-18.
8. Freedman NS, Gazendam J, Levan L, Pack AI, Schwab RJ. Abnormal sleep/wake cycles and the effect of environmental noise on sleep disruption in the intensive care unit. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2001;163:451-7.
9. Friese RS, Diaz-Arrastia R, McBride D, Frankel H, Gentilello LM. Quantity and quality of sleep in the surgical intensive care unit: are our patients sleeping? J Trauma. 2007;63:1210-4.
10. Freedman NS, Kotzer N, Schwab RJ. Patient perception of sleep quality and etiology of sleep disruption in the intensive care unit. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1999;159:1155-62.
11. Andersen JH, Boesen HC, Skovgaard OK. Sleep in the Intensive Care Unit measured by polysomnography. Minerva Anestesiol. 2013;79:804-15.
12. Tembo AC, Parker V. Factors that impact on sleep in intensive care patients. Intensive Crit Care Nurs. 2009;25:314-22.
13. Aaron JN, Carlisle CC, Carskadon MA, Meyer TJ, Hill NS, Millman RP. Environmental noise as a cause of sleep disruption in an intermediate respiratory care unit. Sleep. 1996;19:707-10.
14. Drouot X, Cabello B, d'Ortho M, Brochard L. Sleep in the intensive care unit. Sleep Med Rev. 2008;12:391-403.
15. Walder B, Francioli D, Meyer JJ, Lançon M, Romand JA. Effects of guidelines implementation in a surgical intensive care unit to control nighttime light and noise levels. Crit Care Med. 2000;28:2242-7.
16. Kass JL. To sleep in an intensive care unit, perchance or heal. Crit Care Med. 2008;36:988-9.
17. Berglund B, Lindvall T, Schwela DH. Guidelines for Community Noise Geneva: World Health Organization. 1999. http://whqlibdoc.who.int/hq/1999/a68672.pdf.
18. Yu HZ, Ma AY, Huang SC. The effect of noise on the circulatory function and heart rate variability in workers. J Environ Occup Med. 2003;20:226-9.
19. Chang AM, Aeschbach D, Duffy JF, Czeisler CA. Evening use of light-emitting eReaders negatively affects sleep, circadian timing, and next-morning alertness. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2015;112:1232-7.
20. Chellappa SL, Steiner R, Oelhafen P, Lang D, Götz T, Krebs J, et al. Acute exposure to evening blue-enriched light impacts on human sleep. J Sleep Res. 2013;22:573-80.
21. Chen JH, Chao YH, Lu SF, Shi TF, Chao YF. The effectiveness of valerian acupressure on the sleep of ICU patients: a randomized clinical trial. Int J Nurs Stud. 2012;49:913-20.
22. Richards KC. Effect of a back massage and relaxation intervention on sleep in critically ill patients. Am J Crit Care. 1998;7:288-99.
23. Jaber S, Bahloul H, Guétin S, Chanques G, Sebbane M, Eledjam J. Effects of music therapy in intensive care unit without sedation in weaning patients versus non-ventilated patients. Ann Fr Anesth Reanim. 2007;26:30-8.
24. Le Guen M, Nicolas-Robin A, Lebard C, Arnulf I, Langeron O. Earplugs and eye masks vs routine care prevent sleep impairment in post-anaesthesia care unit: a randomized study. Br J Anaesth. 2014;112:89-95.
25. Van Rompaey B, Elseviers MM, Van Drom W, Fromont V, Jorens PG. The effect of earplugs during the night on the onset of delirium and sleep perception: a randomized controlled trial in intensive care patients. Crit Care. 2012;3:16:R73.
26. Wallace CJ, Robins J, Alvord LS, Walker JM. The effects of earplugs on sleep measures during exposure to simulated intensive care unit noise. Am J Crit Care. 1999;8:210-9.
27. Topf M, Davis JE. Critical care unit noise and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. Heart Lung. 1993;22:252-8.
28. Hu RF, Jiang XY, Chen XY, Zhang YH. Effects of earplugs and eye masks on nocturnal sleep, melatonin and cortisol in a simulated intensive care unit environment. Crit Care. 2010;14:R66.
29. Richards KC, O'Sullivan PS, Phillips RL. Measurement of sleep in critically ill patients. J Nurs Meas. 2000;8:131-44.
30. Richards KC, Bairnsfather L. A description of night sleep patterns in the critical care unit. Heart Lung. 1988;17:35-42.
31. Liu XC. Rating scales for mental health. In: Wang XD, editor. Chinese Mental Health Journal, 1999; 375-78
32. Redeker NS, Ruggiero J, Hedges C. Patterns and predictors of sleep pattern disturbance after cardiac surgery. Res Nurs Health. 2004;27:217-24.
33. Edell-Gustafsson UM, Hetta JE, Aren GB, Hamrin EK. Measurement of sleep and quality of life before and after coronary artery bypass grafting: a pilot study. Int J Nurs Pract. 1997;3:239-46.
34. Engwall M, Fridb I, Bergbom I, Lindabl B. Let there be light and darkness. Crit Care Nurs Q. 2014;37:273-98.
35. Richardson A, Allsop M, Coghill E, Turnock C. Earplugs and eye masks: do they improve critical care patients' sleep? Nurs Crit Care. 2007;12:278-86.
36. Koo YJ, Koh HJ. Effects of eye protective device and ear protective device application on sleep disorder with coronary disease patients in CCU. J Korean Acad Nurs. 2008;38:582-92.
37. Scotto C, McClusky C, Spillan S, Kimmel J. Earplugs improve patients' subjective experience of sleep in critical care. Nurs In Crit Care. 2009;14:180-5.
38. Goto M, Oshima I, Tomita T, Ebihara S. Melatonin content of the pineal gland in different mouse strains. J Pineal Res. 1989;7:195-204.
39. Weitzman ED, Weinberg U, D' Eletto R, Lynch H, Wurtman RJ, Czeisler C, et al. Studies of the 24 hour rhythm of melatonin in man. J Neural Transm Suppl. 1978;13:235-7.
40. Stone AA, Schwartz JE, Smyth J, Kirschbaum C, Cohen S, Hellhammer D, et al. Individual differences in the diurnal cycle of salivary free cortisol: a replication of flattened cycles for some individuals. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2001;26:295-306.
41. Shilo L, Dagan Y, Smorjk Y, Weinberg U, Dolev S, Komptel B, et al. Patients in the intensive care unit suffer from severe lack of sleep associated with loss of normal melatonin secretion pattern. Am J Med Sci. 1999;317:278-81.
42. Yin YQ, Luo AL, Guao XY, Li LH, Ren HZ, Ye TH, et al. Changes in perioperative plasma melatonin, cortisol and neuron-specific enolase and neuropsychological function in patients who develop CNS complication after coronary artery bypass. Ch J Anesth. 2005;25:405-10.
43. Kärkelä J, Vakkuri O, Kaukinen S, Huang WQ, Pasanen M. The influence of anaesthesia and surgery on the circadian rhythm of melatonin. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 2002;46:30-6.
44. Govitrapong P, Pariyanonth M, Ebadi M. The presence and actions of opioid receptors in bovine pineal gland. J Pineal Res. 1992;13:124-32.
45. Riutta A, Pauli Y, Kaukinen S. Diurnal variation of melatonin and cortisol is maintained in non-septic intensive care patients. Intensive Care Med. 2009;35:1720-7.
46. Skene DJ, Arendt J. Human circadian rhythms: physiological and therapeutic relevance of light and melatonin. Ann Clin Biochem. 2006;43:344-53.
47. Benloucif S, Burgess HJ, Klerman EB, Lewy AJ, Middleton B, Murphy PJ, et al. Measuring melatonin in humans. J Clin Sleep Med. 2008;4:66-9.
48. Mahlberg R, Tilmann A, Salewski L, Kunz D. Normative data on the daily profile of urinary 6-sulfatoxymelatonin in healthy subjects between the ages of 20 and 84. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2006;31:634-64.
49. Wetterberg L, Bratlid T, von Knorring L, Eberhard G, Yuwiler A. A multinational study of the relationships between nighttime urinary melatonin production, age, gender, body size, and latitude. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 1999;249:256-62.
50. Wang ZR. Chronobiology. Beijing: Science Press; 2006.
51. Gritton HJ, Stasiak AM, Sarter M, Lee TM. Cognitive performance as a Zeitgeber: cognitive oscillators and cholinergic modulation of the SCN entrain circadian rhythms. PLoS One. 2013;8:e56206.