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Volumn 137, Issue 13, 2015, Pages 4445-4452

Zn-Catalyzed Enantio- and Diastereoselective Formal [4 + 2] Cycloaddition Involving Two Electron-Deficient Partners: Asymmetric Synthesis of Piperidines from 1-Azadienes and Nitro-Alkenes

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

HYDROCARBONS; ISOTOPES; LIGANDS; NITROGEN COMPOUNDS; SYNTHESIS (CHEMICAL); ZINC;

EID: 84926483685     PISSN: 00027863     EISSN: 15205126     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b00033     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (42)

References (53)
  • 29
    • 84926449496 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • For results of the high-throughput screen, please see Supporting Information.
  • 30
    • 84926449495 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • The 2:1 adduct is observed by 1H NMR of the unpurified reaction mixture and by MS but has, to date, resisted isolation and characterization.
  • 31
    • 84926449494 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • For example, other bisoxazoline ligands such as BOX or PYBOX gives low enantioselectivity. See Supporting Information for details.
  • 33
    • 84926449493 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • Due to the sensitive nature of the tetrahydropyridine, we sought to adopt a reductive workup procedure to reduce the enamine functionality and found that the crude tetrahydropyridine can be reduced to stable 3-nitropiperidine with ZnCl2 and NaBH3CN in MeOH.
  • 34
    • 84926449492 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • In constrast to the racemic reaction, ZnI2 does not give any product. Although DME and dioxane are the optimal solvents for the racemic reaction, their use gives lower ee than PhMe. See Supporting Information for the results of solvent screen.
  • 36
    • 84926449491 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • The ee values for the Hammett plot were obtained from the average values of three experiments with each ligand.
  • 40
    • 84926449490 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • There is likely a steric and electronic component to the impact of the ortho substituent given that H, Cl, MeO, and Me provide nearly identical enantioselectivities (68-71% ee).
  • 42
    • 84926449489 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • Since azadiene 1 6 has a poor solubility in PhMe, 32 was used for the kinetic isotope effect studies. Azadiene 32 behaves similarly in all respects to azadiene 16.
  • 46
    • 84926449488 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • The p K a's of 4-methoxyaniline and 3-methoxyaniline differ by more than 1 unit.
  • 47
    • 84926449487 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • The reactions at rt gave no enantioselectivity.
  • 49
    • 84926449486 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • This observation is consistent with ref 39.
  • 50
    • 84926449485 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • For the determination of absolute configuration, see Supporting Information.
  • 51
    • 84926449484 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • Unlike the situation when ZnI2 is used as catalyst in absence of BOPA (see Table 1), stirring azadiene 16 with 3 equiv of nitro-alkene 17 with 10 mol % Zn(OTf)2 and F-BOPA ligand at rt for 16 h did not lead to the formation of the 2:1 adduct as judged by MS.
  • 52
    • 84926449483 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • There is no reaction at rt without ZnII, so an uncatalyzed pathway can be ruled out. The reaction is also irreversible at rt since no nitro-alkene exchange takes place when the cycloadduct (no reductive workup) is subject to the reaction conditions with another nitro-alkene.


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.