Reducing Racial Health Care Disparities: A Social Psychological Analysis

Policy Insights from the Behavioral and Brain Sciences

Volumn 1, Issue 1, 2014, Pages 204-212

  Penner, Louis A ^a   Blair, Irene V ^b   Albrecht, Terrance L ^a   Dovidio, John F ^c  

^a WAYNE STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO   (United States)

^c YALE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

bias in health care; disparities in health care; health disparities; implicit racial bias; minority health

Indexed keywords

EID: 84926305010     PISSN: 23727322     EISSN: 23727330     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/2372732214548430     Document Type: Article

References (43)

1. Albrecht T. L., Eggly S., Gleason M. E. J., Harper F. W. K., Foster T. S., Peterson A. M... Ruckdeschel J. C., (2008). The influence of clinical communication on patients’ decision making about clinical trials. Journal of Clinical Oncology, 26, 2666-2273
2. Aronson J., Burgess D., Phelan S. M., Juarez L., (2013). Unhealthy interactions: The role of stereotype threat in health disparities. American Journal of Public Health, 103, 50-56
3. Blair I. V., Steiner J. F., Fairclough D. L., Hanratty R, Price D. W., Hirsh H. K... Havranek E. P., (2013). Clinicians’ implicit ethnic/racial bias and perceptions of care among Black and Latino patients. Annals of Family Medicine, 11, 43-52
4. Blair I. V., Steiner J. F., Hanratty R., Price D. W., Fairclough D. L., Daugherty S. L... Magid D. J., (2014). An investigation of associations between clinicians’ ethnic or racial bias and hypertension treatment, medication adherence, and blood pressure control. Journal General Internal Medicine, 29, 987-995
5. Braveman P., (2012). Health inequalities by class and race in the US: What can we learn from the patterns? Social Science & Medicine, 74, 665-667
6. Calabrese S. K., Earnshaw V. A., Underhill K., Hansen N. B., Dovidio J. F., (2014). The impact of patient race on clinical decisions related to prescribing HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP): Assumptions about sexual risk compensation and implications for access. AIDS and Behavior, 18, 226-240
7. Cooper L. A., Roter D. L., Carson K. A., Beach M. C., Sabin J. A., Greenwald A. G., Inui T. S., (2012). The associations of clinicians’ implicit attitudes about race with medical visit communication and patient ratings of interpersonal care. American Journal of Public Health, 102, 979-987
8. Department of Health and Human Services (DHSS) Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. (2012). National Healthcare Disparities Report. Hyattsville, MD: U.S. Government Printing Office
9. Dovidio J. F., Gaertner S. L., (2004). Aversive racism. In Zanna M. P., (Ed.), Advances in experimental social psychology (Vol. 36, pp. 1-52). San Diego, CA: Elsevier
10. Dovidio J. F., Penner L. A., Albrecht T. L., Norton W. E., Gaertner S. L., Shelton N. J., (2008). Disparities and distrust: The implications of psychological processes for understanding racial disparities in health and health care. Social Science & Medicine, 67, 478-486
11. Durazzo T. S., Frencher S., Gusberg R., (2013). Influence of race on the management of lower extremity ischemia: Revascularization vs amputation. JAMA Surgery, 148, 617-623
12. Gaertner S. L., Dovidio J. F., (2012). Reducing intergroup bias: The Common Ingroup Identity Model. In Van Lange P. A. M., Kruglanski A. W., Higgins E. T., (Eds.), Handbook of theories of social psychology (Vol. 2, pp. 439-457). Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE
13. Gawande A., (2012, August 13). Big Med: Restaurant chains have managed to combine quality control, cost control, and innovation. Can health care? The New Yorker. Retrieved from http://www.newyorker.com/reporting/2012/08/13/120813fa_fact_gawande?currentPage=all
14. Gerber J. S., Prasad P. A., Localio A. R., Fiks A. G., Grundmeier R. W., Bell L. M... Zaoutis T. E., (2013). Racial differences in antibiotic prescribing by primary care pediatricians. Pediatrics, 13, 677-684
15. Green A. R., Carney D. R., Pallin D. J., Ngo L. H., Raymond K. L., Iezzoni L. I., Banaji M. R., (2007). The presence of implicit bias in physicians and its predictions of thrombolysis decisions for Black and White patients. Journal of General Internal Medicine, 22, 1231-1238
16. Greenwald A. G., Poehlman T., Uhlmann E., Banaji M. R., (2009). Understanding and using the Implicit Association Test: III. Meta-analysis of predictive validity. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 97, 17-41
17. Griggs J. J., Culakova E., Sorbero M. E., van Ryn M., Poniewierski M. S., Wolff D. A... Lyman G. H., (2007). Effect of patient socioeconomic status and body mass index on the quality of breast cancer adjuvant chemotherapy. Journal of Clinical Oncology, 25, 277-284
18. Hagiwara N., Penner L. A., Gonzalez R., Eggly S., Dovidio J. F., Gaertner S. L... Albrecht T. L., (2013). Racial attitudes, physician-patient talk time ratio, and adherence in racially discordant medical interactions. Social Science & Medicine, 87, 123-131
19. Hagiwara N., Slatcher R., Eggly S., Penner L. A., (2014, January). Are racially discordant medical interactions stressful for physicians? Analysis of their linguistic patterns. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Society of Personality and Social Psychology, Austin, TX
20. Hausmann L. R. M., Mayskovsky L., Niyonkuru C., Oyster M. L., Switzer G. E., Burkitt K. H., Boninger M., (2014). Examining implicit bias of physicians who care for individuals with spinal cord injury: A pilot study and future directions. Journal of Spinal Cord Medicine. Advance online publication
21. Havranek E. P., Hanratty R., Tate C., Dickinson M., Steiner J., Cohen G., Blair I., (2012). The effects of values affirmation on race-discordant patient provider communication. Archives of Internal Medicine, 17, 1662-1667
22. Kalev A., Dobbin F., Kelly E., (2006). Best practices or best guesses? Assessing the efficacy of corporate affirmative action and diversity policies. American Sociological Review, 71, 589-617
23. Lai C. K., Marini M., Lehr S. A., Cerruti C., Shin J. E., Joy-Gaba J. A... Nosek B. A., (2014). Reducing implicit racial preferences: I. A comparative investigation of 17 interventions. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 143, 1765-1785
24. Major B., Mendes W. B., Dovidio J. F., (2013). Intergroup relations and health disparities: A social psychological perspective. Health Psychology, 32, 514-524
25. Monteith M. J., Mark A. Y., (2009). The self-regulation of prejudice. In Nelson T. D., (Ed.), Handbook of prejudice, stereotyping, and discrimination (pp. 507-523). New York, NY: Psychology Press
26. National Center for Health Statistics. (2012). Health, United States, 2012: With special feature on emergency care. Hyattsville, MD: U.S. Government Printing Office
27. Oliver M. N., Wells K. M., Joy-Gaba J. A., Hawkins C. B., Nosek B. A., (2014). Do physicians’ implicit views of African Americans affect clinical decision making? Journal of American Board of Family Medicine, 27, 177-188
28. Penner L. A., Albrecht T. L., Eggly S., (2014, June). Behind the curtain: Implicit racial bias in medical interactions. Bi-annual meeting of Society for the Psychological Study of Social Issues, Portland, OR
29. Penner L. A., Dovidio J. F., (in press). Colorblindness and Black–White health disparities. In Nevilee H., Gallardo M., Sue D., (Eds.), What does it mean to be color-blind? Manifestation, dynamics, and impact. Washington, DC: APA Press
30. Penner L. A., Dovidio J. F., West T. W., Gaertner S. L., Albrecht T. L., Dailey R. K., Markova T., (2010). Aversive racism and medical interactions with Black patients: A field study. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 46, 436-440
31. Penner L. A., Eggly S., Griggs J., Orom H., Underwood W., III. (2012). Life-threatening disparities: The roles of ethnicity and social class in the treatment of cancer. Journal of Social Issues, 68, 328-357
32. Penner L. A., Gaertner S., Dovidio J. F., Hagiwara N., Porcerelli J., Markova T., Albrecht T. L., (2013). A social psychological approach to improving the outcomes of racially discordant medical interactions. Journal of General Internal Medicine, 28, 1143-1149
33. Penner L. A., Hagiwara N., (2014). Racism and health. In Ryan J. M., (Ed.), The Wiley-Blackwell encyclopedia of health, illness, behavior, and society (pp. 2037-2041). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley–Blackwell. Retrieved from http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/9781118410868.wbehibs290/abstract
34. Penner L. A., Hagiwara N., Eggly S., Gaertner S. L., Albrecht T. L., Dovidio J. D., (2013). Racial healthcare disparities: A social psychological analysis. European Review of Social Psychology, 24, 70-122
35. Sabin J. A., Greenwald A. G., (2012). The influence of implicit bias on treatment recommendations for 4 common pediatric conditions: Pain, urinary tract infection, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and asthma. American Journal of Public Health, 102, 988-995
36. Sabin J. A., Nosek B. A., Greenwald A. G., Rivara F. P., (2009). Physicians’ implicit and explicit attitudes about race by MD race, ethnicity, and gender. Journal of Healthcare for the Poor and Underserved, 20, 896-913
37. Sabin J. A., Rivara F. P., Greenwald A. G., (2008). Physician implicit attitudes and stereotypes about race and quality of medical care. Medical Care, 46, 678-685
38. Saha S., Beach M. C., Cooper L., (2008). Patient centeredness, cultural competence, and healthcare quality. Journal of the National Medical Association, 100, 1275-1285
39. Smedley B. D., Stith A. Y., Nelson A. R., (2003). Unequal treatment: Confronting racial and ethnic disparities in health care. Washington, DC: National Academies Press
40. Squitieri L., Reichert H., Kim H. M., Steggerda J., Chung K. C., (2011). Patterns of surgical care and health disparities of treating pediatric finger amputation injuries in the United States. Journal of American College of Surgeons, 213, 475-485
41. Stewart M., Brown J. B., Donner A., McWhinney I. R., Oates J., Weston W. W., Jordan J., (2000). The impact of patient-centered care on outcomes. Journal of Family Practice, 49, 796-804
42. van Ryn M., Burgess D., Malat J., Griffin J., (2006). Physicians’ perceptions of patients’ social and behavioral characteristics and race disparities in treatment recommendations for men with coronary artery disease. American Journal of Public Health, 96, 351-357
43. Williams D. R., Mohammed S. A., Leavell J., Collins C., (2010). Race, socioeconomic status, and health: Complexities, ongoing challenges, and research opportunities. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1186, 69-101