Detection and characterization of emerging psychoactive substances by ion mobility spectrometry

Drug Testing and Analysis

Volumn 7, Issue 4, 2015, Pages 280-289

  Armenta, Sergio ^a   Garrigues, Salvador ^a   de la Guardia, Miguel ^a   Brassier, Judit ^b   Alcalà, Manel ^b   Blanco, Marcelo ^b   Perez Alfonso, Clara ^c   Galipienso, Nieves ^c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF VALENCIA   (Spain)

^b UNIVERSITAT AUTÒNOMA DE BARCELONA   (Spain)

^c Unidad de Inspección de Farmacia Del Área de Sanidad de Valencia   (Spain)

Author keywords

Amphetamine derivatives; Cathinones; Designer drugs; Ion mobility spectrometry; Synthetic cannabinoids; Tryptamines

Indexed keywords

AIRPORT SECURITY; DRUG PRODUCTS; ION MOBILITY SPECTROMETERS; SPECTROMETRY;

AMPHETAMINE DERIVATIVES; CATHINONE; DESIGNER DRUGS; DETECTION AND IDENTIFICATIONS; ILLICIT DRUG; ION MOBILITY SPECTROMETRY; RAPID DETECTION; RAPID IDENTIFICATION; SYNTHETIC CANNABINOID; TRYPTAMINES;

IONS;

CANNABINOID; DESIGNER DRUG; ILLICIT DRUG; KETONE; PHENETHYLAMINE; PHENETHYLAMINE DERIVATIVE; PSYCHOTROPIC AGENT; TRYPTAMINE DERIVATIVE;

ARTICLE; DERIVATIZATION; DRUG ANALYSIS; DRUG DETERMINATION; DRUG IDENTIFICATION; DRUG PURITY; DRUG STRUCTURE; EVALUATION STUDY; FOURIER TRANSFORM INFRARED PHOTOACOUSTIC SPECTROSCOPY; ION MOBILITY SPECTROMETRY; LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY; LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY DIODE ARRAY DETECTION; MASS FRAGMENTOGRAPHY; MOLECULAR WEIGHT; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SPECTROSCOPY; SUBSTANCE ABUSE;

CANNABINOIDS; CHROMATOGRAPHY, LIQUID; GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY-MASS SPECTROMETRY; PHENETHYLAMINES; PSYCHOTROPIC DRUGS; SPECTRUM ANALYSIS; SUBSTANCE ABUSE DETECTION; TRYPTAMINES;

EID: 84926248508     PISSN: 19427603     EISSN: 19427611     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/dta.1678     Document Type: Article

References (36)

1. United Nations. Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs, 1961. Available at: http://www.unodc.org/pdf/convention_1961_en.pdf [1 November 2013].
2. United Nations. Convention on Psychotropic Substances, 1971. Available at: http://www.unodc.org/pdf/convention_1971_en.pdf [1 November 2013].
3. European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction. Perspectives on drugs. Controlling new psychoactive substances Lisbon, Portugal. Available at: http://www.emcdda.europa.eu/topics/pods/controlling-new-psychoactive-substances [12 September 2013].
4. Laboratory and Scientific Section, United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, Global Smart Programme. The challenge of new psychoactive substances. Available at: http://www.unodc.org/documents/scientific/NPS_2013_SMART.pdf [15 September 2013].
5. M. Bovens, M. Schlapfer. Analytica Conference 2012 'Emerging Drugs of Abuse: From Chemistry to Medicine' - Lecture Abstracts. Emerging drugs of abuse: What's on today? Toxichem. Krimtech. 2012, 79, 110.
6. A. Shulgin. Pihkal: A Chemical Love Story. Transform Press, Berkeley, CA, 1990.
7. M. Putz. Analytica Conference 2012 'Emerging Drugs of Abuse: From Chemistry to Medicine' - Lecture Abstracts. From the seized simple to the chemical structure. Toxichem. Krimtech. 2012, 79, 110.
8. D. Favretto, J.P. Pascali, F. Tagliaro. New challenges and innovation in forensic toxicology: Focus on the 'New Psychoactive Substances'. J. Chromatogr. A 2013, 1287, 84.
9. H.R. Sumnall, M. Evans-Brown, J. McVeigh. Social, policy, and public health perspectives on new psychoactive substances. Drug Test. Anal. 2011, 3, 515.
10. R.P. Archer, R. Treble, K. Williams. Reference materials for new psychoactive substances. Drug Test. Anal. 2011, 3, 505.
11. M. Collins. Some new psychoactive substances: Precursor chemicals and synthesis-driven end-products. Drug Test. Anal. 2011, 3, 404.
12. T. Keller, A. Schneider, E. Tutsch-Bauer, J. Jaspers, R. Aderjan, G. Skopp. Ion mobility spectrometry for the detection of drugs in cases of forensic and criminalistic relevance. Int. J. Ion Mobility Spectrom. 1999, 2, 22.
13. A. Miki, T. Keller, P. Regenscheit, R. Dirnhofer, M. Tatsuno, M. Katagi, M. Nishikawa, H. Tsuchihashi. Application of ion mobility spectrometry to the rapid screening of methamphetamine incorporated in hair. J. Chromatogr. B 1997, 692, 319.
14. Y.A. Zolotov. Ion mobility spectrometry. J. Anal. Chem. 2006, 61, 519.
15. T. Gabowitcz, D. Ridjosic, S. Nacson. Ion mobility spectrometer having improved sample receiving device. US Patent US2008/0101995 A1 2008.
16. Laboratory and Scientific Section, United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime. Recommended methods for the Identification and Analysis of Synthetic Cannabinoid Receptor Agonists in Seized Materials. Available at: http://www.unodc.org/documents/scientific/STNAR48_Synthetic_Cannabinoids_ENG.pdf [20 September 2013].
17. G. Kaur-Atwal, G. O'Connor, A.A. Aksenov, V. Bocos-Bintintan, C.L. Paul Thomas, C.S. Creaser. Chemical standards for ion mobility spectrometry: A review. Int. J. Ion Mobility Spectrom. 2009, 12, 1.
18. SWGDRUGS. Monographs. Available at: http://www.swgdrug.org/monographs.htm [October 2013].
19. J.F. Casale, P.A. Hays. The characterization of 5- and 6-(2-aminopropyl)-2, 3-dihydrobenzofuran. Microgram J. 2012, 9, 61.
20. Cayman Spectral library. Available at: https://www.caymanchem.com/app/template/SpectralLibrary.vm [18 October 2013].
21. C.R. Maheux, C.R. Copeland, M.M. Pollard. Characterization of three methcathinone analogs: 4-methylmethcathinone, methylone, and bk-MBDB. Microgram J. 2010, 7, 42.
22. C. Sauer, F.T. Peters, C. Haas, M.R. Meyer, G. Fritschi, H.H. Mauer. New designer drug α-pyrrolidinovalerophenone (PVP): Studies on its metabolism and toxicological detection in rat urine using gas chromatographic/mass spectrometric techniques. J. Mass Spectrom. 2009, 44, 952.
23. D. Springer, G. Fritschi, H.H. Maurer. Metabolism and toxicological detection of the new designer drug 3'-4'-methylenedioxy-α-pyrrolidinopropiophenone studied in urine using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. J. Chromatogr. B 2003, 793, 377.
24. J.C. Yohannan, J.S. Bozenko Jr. The characterization of 3, 4-methylenedioxypyrovalerone (MDPV). Microgram J. 2010, 7, 12.
25. R. Kikura-Hanajiri, M. Hayashi, K. Saisho, Y. Goda. Simultaneous determination of nineteen hallucinogenic tryptamines/beta-calbolines and phenethylamines using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography-electrospray ionisation-mass spectrometry. J. Chromatogr. B 2005, 825, 29.
26. M. Takahashi, M. Nagashima, J. Suzuki, T. Seto, I. Yasuda, T. Yoshida. Analysis of phenetylamines and tryptamines in designer drugs using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. J. Health Sci. 2008, 54, 89.
27. J.F. Casale, P.A. Hays. Methiopropamine: An analytical profile. Microgram J. 2011, 8, 53.
28. P.A. Hays, J.F. Casale, A.L. Berrier. The characterization of 2-(3-methoxyphenyl)-2-(ethylamino)cyclohexanone (Methoxetamine). Microgram J. 2012, 9, 3.
29. G. De Paoli, S.D. Brandt, J. Wallach, R.P. Archer, D.J. Pounder. From the street to the laboratory: Analytical profiles of methoxetamine, 3-methoxyeticyclidine and 3-methoxyphencyclidine and their determination in three biological matrices. J. Anal. Toxicol. 2013, 37, 277.
30. J.F. Casale, P.A. Hays. The characterization of etaqualone and differentiation from its 3- and 4-ethyl analogues. Microgram J. 2012, 9, 47.
31. J.F. Casale, P.A. Hays. Ethylphenidate: An analytical profile. Microgram J. 2011, 8, 58.
32. A.B. Kanu, S.D. Brandt, M.D. Williams, N. Zhang, H.H. Hill. Analysis of psychoactive cathinones and tryptamines by electrospray ionization atmospheric pressure ion mobility time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Anal. Chem. 2013, 85, 8535.
33. R.M. O'Donnell, X. Sun, P.B. Harrington. Pharmaceutical applications of ion mobility spectrometry. TrAC Trends Anal. Chem. 2008, 27, 44.
34. H. Kalhor, N. Alizadeh. Enhancing sensitivity of ion mobility spectrometry determination of aldehydes by in situ gas phase derivatization with dibutylamine. Int. J. Ion Mobility Spectrom. 2013, 16, 199.
35. M.L. Ochoa, P.B. Harrington. Detection of methamphetamine in the presence of nicotine using in situ chemical derivatization and ion mobility spectrometry. Anal. Chem. 2004, 76, 985.
36. D. Klein. Aldehydes and ketones, in Organic Chemistry, 2nd Edn, John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, UK, 2013.