메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn , Issue , 2013, Pages 178-184

Bribe and cheat to get a doctoral degree in Germany?

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords


EID: 84926246682     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.4324/9780203109816     Document Type: Chapter
Times cited : (3)

References (160)
  • 2
    • 77958584819 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • (Washington, DC: USAID), available at (accessed 4 January 2013)
    • David Chapman, Corruption and the Education Sector (Washington, DC: USAID, 2002), available at http://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PNACT874.pdf (accessed 4 January 2013).
    • (2002) Corruption and the Education Sector
    • Chapman, D.1
  • 5
    • 84926251330 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Working Paper no. 04/2009 (Berlin: TI)
    • 'Corruption in the Education Sector', Working Paper no. 04/2009 (Berlin: TI, 2009).
    • (2009) Corruption in the Education Sector
  • 9
    • 84926248793 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • World Bank Edstats,(Washington, DC: World Bank), available at (accessed 19 July 2012)
    • World Bank Edstats, 'Public Expenditure Database' (Washington, DC: World Bank, 2010), available at http://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/TOPICS/EXTEDUCATION/ EXTDATASTATISTICS/EXTEDSTATS/0,, contentMDK:21878970~menuPK:5313042~pagePK:64168445~piPK:64168309~theSitePK:3232764,00.html (accessed 19 July 2012).
    • (2010) Public Expenditure Database
  • 10
    • 84926246134 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • World Bank, available at, (accessed 4 January 2013) and 1.4 per cent spent on defence
    • World Bank, 'Health Expenditure, Public (% of GDP))', 2009, available at http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/ SH.XPD.PUBL.ZS (accessed 4 January 2013) and 1.4 per cent spent on defence
    • (2009) Health Expenditure, Public (% of GDP))
  • 11
    • 84926255591 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • World Bank, available at, accessed 4 January)
    • World Bank, 'Military Expenditure (% of GDP))', 2010, available at http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/MS.MIL.XPND.GD.ZS (accessed 4 January 2013).
    • (2010) Military Expenditure (% of GDP))
  • 14
    • 84926261258 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hothouse for Success
    • Singapore, 28 August
    • Radha Basu, 'Hothouse for Success', Straits Times, Singapore, 28 August 2010, pp. D2-3.
    • (2010) Straits Times , pp. 2-3
    • Basu, R.1
  • 15
    • 72649095990 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Private Tutoring and Demand for Education in South Korea
    • Sunwoong Kim and Ju-Ho Lee, 'Private Tutoring and Demand for Education in South Korea', Economic Development and Cultural Change, vol. 58 (2010), pp. 259-296.
    • (2010) Economic Development and Cultural Change , vol.58 , pp. 259-296
    • Kim, S.1    Lee, J.-H.2
  • 16
    • 84926256420 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • [People's Republic of] China', (Hong Kong: Faculty of Education, University of Hong Kong)
    • Wei Zhang, 'Field Notes on Private Tutoring in Chongqing, [People's Republic of] China', (Hong Kong: Faculty of Education, University of Hong Kong, 2012).
    • (2012) Field Notes on Private Tutoring in Chongqing , pp. 38
    • Zhang, W.1
  • 17
    • 84926256420 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • [People's Republic of] China', (Hong Kong: Faculty of Education, University of Hong Kong
    • Wei Zhang, 'Field Notes on Private Tutoring in Chongqing, [People's Republic of] China', (Hong Kong: Faculty of Education, University of Hong Kong, 2012).
    • (2012) Field Notes on Private Tutoring in Chongqing
    • Zhang, W.1
  • 18
    • 84926245219 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • (accessed 27 July 27 2012), UNESCO,(Washington, DC: IMF)
    • UNESCO, 'In Copenhagen, Donors Step Up Pledges to Global Partnership for Education', 8 November, www.unesco.org/new/en/education/resources/online-materials/single-view/ news/in_copenhagen_donors_step_up_pledges_to_global_partnership_for_education (accessed 27 July 27 2012).
    • (2012) In Copenhagen, Donors Step Up Pledges to Global Partnership for Education
  • 19
    • 84881225705 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Working Paper no. 18119 (Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER))
    • Juan Botero, Alejandro Ponce and Andrei Shleifer, 'Education and the Quality of Government', Working Paper no. 18119 (Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER), 2012).
    • (2012) Education and the Quality of Government
    • Botero, J.1    Ponce, A.2    Shleifer, A.3
  • 24
    • 84926259033 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • UN Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, General Comment no. 13, available at (accessed 4 January)
    • UN Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, 'The Right to Education (Article 13 of the Covenant)', General Comment no. 13 (1999), available at www2.ohchr.org/english/ bodies/cescr/comments.htm (accessed 4 January 2013).
    • (2013) The Right to Education
  • 29
    • 70449715377 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Legal Frameworks for Higher Education Governance in Sub-Saharan Africa
    • 530
    • William Saint, 'Legal Frameworks for Higher Education Governance in Sub-Saharan Africa', Higher Education Policy, vol. 22 (2009), pp. 523-550, p. 530.
    • (2009) Higher Education Policy , vol.22 , pp. 523-550
    • Saint, W.1
  • 32
    • 84926256732 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 1 December 2011, available at (accessed 4 January)
    • Busan Partnership for Effective Development Co-operation, 1 December 2011, available at www.fao.org/fi leadmin/user_upload/capacity_building/ Busan_Effective_Development_EN.pdf (accessed 4 January 2013).
    • (2013) Busan Partnership for Effective Development Co-operation
  • 34
    • 84926249813 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • General Comment no. 13, available at(accessed 4 January 2013)
    • CESCR, 'The Right to Education (Article 13 of the Covenant)', General Comment no. 13 (1999), 46-48, available at www2.ohchr.org/english/bodies/cescr/comments.htm (accessed 4 January 2013).
    • (1999) The Right to Education (Article 13 of the Covenant , pp. 46-48
  • 35
    • 84926252310 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • General Comment no. 31, available at, accessed 4 January 2013)
    • UN Human Rights Committee, 'The Nature of the General Legal Obligation Imposed on States Parties to the Covenant', General Comment no. 31 (2004), para. 4, available at www.unhcr.org/cgi-bin/texis/vtx/refworld/rwmain?page=search&docid=478b26ae2&skip=0&query=General%20Comment%2031(accessed 4 January 2013).
    • (2004) The Nature of the General Legal Obligation Imposed on States Parties to the Covenant , vol.4
  • 36
    • 84926244801 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Corruption as a Violation of Economic, Social and Cultural Rights: Refl ections on the Right to Education
    • Martine Boersma and Hans Nelen (eds.),(Singapore: Intersentia)
    • Martine Boersma, 'Corruption as a Violation of Economic, Social and Cultural Rights: Refl ections on the Right to Education', in Martine Boersma and Hans Nelen (eds.), Corruption and Human Rights: Interdisciplinary Perspectives (Singapore: Intersentia, 2010), pp. 51-90
    • (2010) Corruption and Human Rights: Interdisciplinary Perspectives , pp. 51-90
    • Boersma, M.1
  • 45
    • 84926262426 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Poverty and Education: Breaking the Cycle
    • Francoise Caillods and Muriel Poisson, 'Poverty and Education: Breaking the Cycle', IIEP Newsletter, vol. 23 (2005), p. 8.
    • (2005) IIEP Newsletter , vol.23 , pp. 8
    • Hallak, J.1
  • 54
    • 0027828984 scopus 로고
    • Educational Decentralization in Latin America: Lessons Learned
    • Juan Prawda, 'Educational Decentralization in Latin America: Lessons Learned', International Journal of Educational Development, vol. 13 (1993), pp. 262-285.
    • (1993) International Journal of Educational Development , vol.13 , pp. 262-285
    • Prawda, J.1
  • 55
    • 57749199314 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Political Decentralization and Corruption: Evidence from around the World
    • Simon Fan, Chen Lin and Daniel Treisman, 'Political Decentralization and Corruption: Evidence from around the World', Journal of Public Economics, vol. 93 (2009), pp. 14-34.
    • (2009) Journal of Public Economics , vol.93 , pp. 14-34
    • Fan, S.1    Lin, C.2    Treisman, D.3
  • 66
    • 53749102701 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • School Decentralization: Helping the Good Get Better, but Leaving the Poor Behind
    • Sebastian Galiani, 'School Decentralization: Helping the Good Get Better, but Leaving the Poor Behind', Journal of Public Economics, vol. 92 (2008), pp. 2106-2120.
    • (2008) Journal of Public Economics , vol.92 , pp. 2106-2120
    • Galiani, S.1
  • 70
    • 84926251636 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • UK Serious Fraud Office, press release, 22 July
    • UK Serious Fraud Office, 'Action on Macmillan Publishers Limited', press release, 22 July 2011.
    • (2011) Action on Macmillan Publishers Limited
  • 75
    • 77951555669 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ministry of Education (MoE),(Islamabad: MoE) (accessed 4 January 2013)
    • Ministry of Education (MoE), National Education Policy 2009 (Islamabad: MoE, 2009), http:// planipolis.iiep.unesco.org/upload/Pakistan/Pakistan_National_education_policy_2009.pdf (accessed 4 January 2013).
    • (2009) National Education Policy 2009
  • 77
    • 84926244472 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ghost Schools Arithmetic
    • 26 April
    • The Dawn (Pakistan), 'Ghost Schools Arithmetic', 26 April 2009.
    • (2009) The Dawn (Pakistan)
  • 78
    • 84926244800 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ghost Schools, Ghastly State of Education
    • 10 October
    • Express Tribune (Pakistan), 'Ghost Schools, Ghastly State of Education', 10 October 2011.
    • (2011) Express Tribune (Pakistan)
  • 79
    • 84926261837 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Billions Sunk in 8,000 Ghost Schools: Official
    • 18 July
    • News International (Pakistan), 'Billions Sunk in 8,000 Ghost Schools: Official', 18 July 2012.
    • (2012) News International (Pakistan)
  • 80
    • 84926261847 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Teaching Ghosts: Ghost Schools to Be Closed
    • 27 February
    • Express Tribune (Pakistan), 'Teaching Ghosts: Ghost Schools to Be Closed', 27 February 2012.
    • (2012) Express Tribune (Pakistan)
  • 82
    • 33646033535 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • International Crisis Group (ICG), Asia Report no. 84 (Islamabad and Brussels: ICG)
    • International Crisis Group (ICG), 'Pakistan: Reforming the Education Sector', Asia Report no. 84 (Islamabad and Brussels: ICG, 2004), p. 21.
    • (2004) Pakistan: Reforming the Education Sector , pp. 21
  • 83
    • 84926262391 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Winthrop and Graff (2010), p. 37.
    • (2010) , pp. 37
  • 84
    • 84926258572 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Save the Children
    • Save the Children (2010), p. 3.
    • (2010) , pp. 3
  • 85
    • 84926252589 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 51% of Pakistanis Deprived of Basic Education, Health
    • 23 February
    • Express Tribune (Pakistan), '51% of Pakistanis Deprived of Basic Education, Health', 23 February 2011.
    • (2011) Express Tribune (Pakistan)
  • 86
    • 84926246763 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Much (Corruption, Incompetence) to Hide, Mazhar Sends Qaim's Daughter Packing
    • 29 April
    • Pakistan Today, 'Much (Corruption, Incompetence) to Hide, Mazhar Sends Qaim's Daughter Packing', 29 April 2011
    • (2011) Pakistan Today
  • 87
    • 84926258579 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Education Secretary "Leaves"
    • 29 April
    • Express Tribune (Pakistan), 'Education Secretary "Leaves"', 29 April 2011.
    • (2011) Express Tribune (Pakistan)
  • 88
    • 84881705358 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • (29 April)
    • Pakistan Today (29 April 2011).
    • (2011) Pakistan Today
  • 89
    • 84859606189 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • (29 April)
    • Express Tribune (29 April 2011).
    • (2011) Express Tribune
  • 90
    • 84891012096 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • (27 February)
    • Express Tribune (27 February 2012)
    • (2012) Express Tribune
  • 94
    • 79956221972 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Institute of Policy Analysis and Research,(Nairobi: IPAR), available at (accessed 13 December 2012)
    • Institute of Policy Analysis and Research, 'Radical Reform for Kenya's Education Sector: Implementing Policies Responsive to Vision 2030' (Nairobi: IPAR, 2008), available at www.usbeckenya.org/Radical%20Reforms%20for%20Kenya's%20Education%20Sector. pdf (accessed 13 December 2012).
    • (2008) Radical Reform for Kenya's Education Sector: Implementing Policies Responsive to Vision 2030
  • 95
    • 84926248354 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Donors Want Their Money Back in Kenyan Education Scam
    • 17 June
    • TrustLaw (UK), 'Donors Want Their Money Back in Kenyan Education Scam', 17 June 2011.
    • (2011) TrustLaw (UK)
  • 96
    • 84926249644 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Millions in Education Money Stolen in Kenya
    • 22 February
    • Voice of America (US), 'Millions in Education Money Stolen in Kenya', 22 February 2012.
    • (2012) Voice of America (US)
  • 97
    • 84926251095 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Corruption Puts Kenya's Educational Funding at Risk
    • 19 June
    • Voice of America (US), 'Corruption Puts Kenya's Educational Funding at Risk', 19 June 2011.
    • (2011) Voice of America (US)
  • 98
    • 84926249422 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Canada demands donation refund from Kenya due to corruption
    • 8 August
    • Christian Courier (US), 'Canada demands donation refund from Kenya due to corruption', 8 August 2011.
    • (2011) Christian Courier (US)
  • 102
    • 84886417511 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Origins and Effects of Party Fragmentation in Vanuatu
    • Roland Rich, Luke Hambly and Michael Morgan (eds.), (Canberra: Pandanus Press)
    • Michael Morgan, 'The Origins and Effects of Party Fragmentation in Vanuatu', in Roland Rich, Luke Hambly and Michael Morgan (eds.), Political Parties in the Pacific (Canberra: Pandanus Press, 2006), pp. 117-142.
    • (2006) Political Parties in the Pacific , pp. 117-142
    • Morgan, M.1
  • 103
    • 77954029696 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Primary Education Improvement Project of Vanuatu: A Model for Teacher Development in the Pacific
    • John Henly,'The Primary Education Improvement Project of Vanuatu: A Model for Teacher Development in the Pacific', Directions: Journal of Educational Studies, vol. 27 (2005), pp. 25-36.
    • (2005) Directions: Journal of Educational Studies , vol.27 , pp. 25-36
    • Henly, J.1
  • 105
    • 84926261741 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ministry of Education, (Port Vila: Ministry of Education)
    • Ministry of Education, Vanuatu Education Road Map (Port Vila: Ministry of Education, 2010).
    • (2010) Vanuatu Education Road Map
  • 109
  • 113
    • 84926260814 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tomaevski (2006a), p. 247
    • (2006) , pp. 247
  • 115
    • 19844374545 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • (Washington, DC: World Bank), available at (accessed 4 January 2013)
    • Raja Kattan and Nicholas Burnett, User Fees in Primary Education (Washington, DC: World Bank, 2004), available at http://siteresources.worldbank.org/EDUCATION/Resources/ 278200-1099079877269/547664-1099079993288/EFAcase_userfees.pdf (accessed 4 January 2013).
    • (2004) User Fees in Primary Education
    • Kattan, R.1    Burnett, N.2
  • 116
    • 84926256843 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tomaevski (2006a), p. 79.
    • (2006) , pp. 79
  • 118
    • 84926247056 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • World Bank
    • World Bank (2009a), p. 13.
    • (2009) , pp. 13
  • 119
    • 84926251330 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transparency International, Working Paper no. 04/2009 (Berlin: TI)
    • Transparency International, Corruption in the Education Sector, Working Paper no. 04/2009 (Berlin: TI, 2009), p. 6.
    • (2009) Corruption in the Education Sector , pp. 6
  • 120
    • 84906035147 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • (Berlin: TI), p. 62ff, available at (accessed 7 January 2013)
    • Stealing the Future: Corruption in the Classroom (Berlin: TI, 2005), p. 62ff, available at www.glp.net/c/document_library/get_fi le?fo lderId=12858&name=DLFE-733.pdf (accessed 7 January 2013).
    • (2005) Stealing the Future: Corruption in the Classroom
  • 123
    • 84926252600 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • World Bank's, at
    • World Bank's 'Vietnam Country Data' at http://data.worldbank.org/ country/vietnam (accessed 4 January 2013).
    • (2010) Vietnam Country Data
  • 124
    • 84926262566 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • UNDP and GIV
    • UNDP and GIV (2010), pp. 32-33.
    • (2010) , pp. 32-33
  • 127
    • 84926259058 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • UNDP and GIV
    • UNDP and GIV (2010), p. 34.
    • (2010) , pp. 34
  • 132
    • 84926248165 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Towards Transparency
    • Towards Transparency (2011), Forms and Effects, pp. 19-22.
    • (2011) Forms and Effects , pp. 19-22
  • 133
    • 84926257090 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vietnam Provincial Governance and Public Administration Performance Index 2010'
    • 'Vietnam Provincial Governance and Public Administration Performance Index 2010', 'Dimension 4: Control of Corruption', p. 42.
    • (2010) Dimension 4: Control of Corruption , pp. 42
  • 134
    • 84926258535 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • UNDP and GIV
    • UNDP and GIV (2010), p. 56.
    • (2010) , pp. 56
  • 135
    • 84926258998 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • UNDP and GIV
    • UNDP and GIV (2010), p. 37.
    • (2010) , pp. 37
  • 136
    • 84926250475 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • UNDP and GIV
    • UNDP and GIV (2010), p. 38.
    • (2010) , pp. 38
  • 137
    • 84926248165 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Towards Transparency
    • Towards Transparency (2011), Forms and Effects, p. 33.
    • (2011) Forms and Effects , pp. 33
  • 138
    • 84926261582 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Towards Transparency
    • Towards Transparency (2011), Youth Integrity, p. 32.
    • (2011) Youth Integrity , pp. 32
  • 139
    • 84926246258 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • UNDP and GIV
    • UNDP and GIV (2010), p. 60.
    • (2010) , pp. 60
  • 140
    • 84926254035 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • UNDP and GIV
    • UNDP and GIV (2010), p. 62.
    • (2010) , pp. 62
  • 141
    • 84926248165 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Towards Transparency
    • Towards Transparency (2011), Forms and Effects, pp. 34-8.
    • (2011) Forms and Effects , pp. 34-38
  • 142
    • 33746450537 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • paper presented at 'Public Expenditure Tracking Surveys in Education' meeting, International Institute for Educational Planning and World Bank Institute, Pretoria, 21 March
    • Deon Filmer, 'Public Expenditure and Service Delivery in Papua New Guinea', paper presented at 'Public Expenditure Tracking Surveys in Education' meeting, International Institute for Educational Planning and World Bank Institute, Pretoria, 21 March 2005.
    • (2005) Public Expenditure and Service Delivery in Papua New Guinea
    • Filmer, D.1
  • 145
    • 84926256042 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • When Teachers Are Absent: Where Do They Go and What Is the Impact on Students?
    • (Jakarta: SMERU Research Institute)
    • Syaikhu Akhmadi and Daniel Suryadarma, When Teachers Are Absent: Where Do They Go and What Is the Impact on Students?, field report (Jakarta: SMERU Research Institute, 2004)
    • (2004) Field report
    • Akhmadi, S.1    Suryadarma, D.2
  • 150
    • 84861813600 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Empowering Parents to Improve Education: Evidence from Rural Mexico
    • Paul Gertler, Harry Patrinos and Marta Rubio-Codina, Empowering Parents to Improve Education: Evidence from Rural Mexico, Journal of Development Economics, vol. 99 (2012), pp. 68-79
    • (2012) Journal of Development Economics , vol.99 , pp. 68-79
    • Gertler, P.1    Patrinos, H.2    Rubio-Codina, M.3
  • 151
    • 84862611749 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Incentives Work: Getting Teachers to Come to School
    • Esther Duflo, Rema Hanna and Stephen Ryan, Incentives Work: Getting Teachers to Come to School, American Economic Review, vol. 102 (2012), pp. 1241-1278.
    • (2012) American Economic Review , vol.102 , pp. 1241-1278
    • Duflo, E.1    Hanna, R.2    Ryan, S.3
  • 152
    • 70349765937 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Maximizing the Performance of Education Systems: The Case of Teacher Absenteeism
    • Edgardo Campos and Sanjay Pradhan (eds.), (Washington, DC: World Bank)
    • Harry Patrinos and Ruth Kagia, Maximizing the Performance of Education Systems: The Case of Teacher Absenteeism, in Edgardo Campos and Sanjay Pradhan (eds.), The Many Faces of Corruption: Tracking Vulnerabilities at the Sector Level (Washington, DC: World Bank, 2007), pp. 63-88.
    • (2007) The Many Faces of Corruption: Tracking Vulnerabilities at the Sector Level , pp. 63-88
    • Patrinos, H.1    Kagia, R.2
  • 155
    • 84926259002 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ministere de leducation de Base (MINEDUB), (Yaounde: MINEDUB)
    • Ministere de leducation de Base (MINEDUB), Statisical Yearbook 2007/2008 (Yaounde: MINEDUB, 2008), p. 109.
    • (2008) Statisical Yearbook 2007/2008 , pp. 109
  • 157
    • 84926245035 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • MINEDUB, 156, 168
    • MINEDUB (2008), pp. 107, 156, 168.
    • (2008) , pp. 107
  • 158
    • 84926245298 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • MINEDUB
    • MINEDUB (2008), pp. 156.
    • (2008) , pp. 156
  • 159
    • 84926253669 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • MINEDUB
    • MINEDUB (2008), p. 47.
    • (2008) , pp. 47


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.