The Strong Perennial Vision: A Response

Agroecology and Sustainable Food Systems

Volumn 39, Issue 5, 2015, Pages 500-515

  Crews, Timothy E ^a   DeHaan, Lee R ^a  

^a THE LAND INSTITUTE   (United States)

Author keywords

agroecology; C S R theory; grain; perennial

Indexed keywords

EID: 84926226549     PISSN: 21683565     EISSN: 21683573     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/21683565.2015.1008777     Document Type: Note

References (54)

1. Abrahamson, W. G., and M. Gadgil. 1973. Growth form and reproductive effort in goldenrods (Solidago, Compositae). American Naturalist 107:651–661.
2. Asbjornsen, H., V. Hernandez-Santana, M. Liebman, J. Bayala, J. Chen, M. Helmers, C. K. Ong, and L. A. Schulte. 2014. Targeting perennial vegetation in agricultural landscapes for enhancing ecosystem services. Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems 29:101–125.
3. Barbour, M. G., J. H. Burk, and W. D. Pitts. 1987. Terrestrial plant ecology. Menlo Park, CA: Benjamin/Cummings.
4. Bell, D. B. 2011. Breeding crop plants with deep roots: Their role in sustainable carbon, nutrient, and water sequestration. Annals of Botany 108:407–418.
5. Bennett, E., J. A. Roberts, and C. Wagstaff. 2012. Manipulating resource allocation in plants. Journal of Experimental Botany 63:3391–3400.
6. Berger, J. D., and C. Ludwig. 2014. Contrasting adaptive strategies to terminal drought-stress gradients in Mediterranean legumes: Phenology, productivity, and water relations in wild and domesticated Lupinus luteus L. Journal of Experimental Botany 65:6219–6229.
7. 15N values differ with functional plant strategies in temperate grassland. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science 165:661–667.
8. Cannell, M. G. R. 1985 Dry matter partitioning in tree crops. In Attributes of trees as crop plants, eds. M. G. R. Cannell and J. E. Jackson, 160–193. Abbots Ripton, UK: Institute of Terrestrial Ecology.
9. Cober, E. R., M. J. Morrison, B. Ma, and G. Butler. 2005. Genetic improvement rates of short-season soybean increase with plant population. Crop Science 45:1029–1034.
10. Crews, T. E. 2005. Perennial crops and endogenous nutrient supplies. Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems 20:25–37.
11. Crews, T. E., and P. C. Brookes. 2014. Changes in soil phosphorus forms through time in perennial versus annual agroecosystems. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment 184:168–181.
12. Crews, T. E. and M. R. Peoples. 2005. Can the synchrony of nitrogen supply and crop demand be improved in legume and fertilizer-based agroecosystems? A review. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems 72:101–120.
13. Culman, S. W., S. T. DuPont, J. D. Glover, D. H. Buckley, G. W. Fick, H. Ferris, and T. E. Crews. 2010. Long-term impacts of high-input annual cropping and unfertilized perennial grass production on soil properties and belowground food webs in Kansas, USA. Agriculture Ecosystems and Environment 137:13–24.
14. Culman, S. W., S. S. Snapp, M. Ollenburger, B. Basso, and L. R. DeHaan. 2013. Soil and water quality rapidly responds to the perennial grain kernza wheatgrass. Agronomy Journal 105:735–744.
15. DeHaan, L. R., D. L. Van Tassel, and T. S. Cox. 2005. Perennial grain crops: A synthesis of ecology and plant breeding. Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems 20:5–14.
16. Denison, R. F. 2007. When can intelligent design of crops by humans outperform natural selection? In Scale and complexity in plant systems research: Gene-plant-crop relations, ed. J. H. J. Spiertz, P. C. Struik, and H. H. van Laar, 287–302. Wageningen, the Nertherlands: Springer.
17. Diaz, R. J., and R. Rosenberg. 2008. Spreading dead zones and consequences for marine ecosystems. Science 321:926–929.
18. Goudriaan, J., J. J. R. Groot, and P. W. J. Uithol. 2001. Productivity of agro-ecosystems. In Terrestrial global productivity, eds. J. Roy, B. Saugier, and H. A. Mooney, 301–313. San Diego: Academic Press.
19. Grandy, A. S., and G. P. Robertson. 2007. Land-use intensity effects on soil organic carbon accumulation rates and mechanisms. Ecosystems 10:58–73.
20. Grime, J. P. 1977. Evidence for the existence of three primary strategies in plants and its relevance to ecological and evolutionary theory. The American Naturalist 111:1169–1194.
21. Grime, J. P. 1984. The ecology of species, families and communities of the contemporary British flora. New Phytologist 98:15–33.
22. Grime, J. P. 2001. Plant strategies, vegetation processes, and ecosystem properties, 2nd ed. West Sussex, UK: John Wiley & Sons.
23. Grime, J. P., and S. Pierce. 2012. The evolutionary strategies that shape ecosystems. West Sussex, UK: John Wiley & Sons.
24. Grime, J. P., K. Thompson, R. Hunt, J. G. Hodgson, J. H. C. Cornelissen, I. H. Rorison, 1997. Integrated screening validates primary axes of specialisation in plants. Oikos 79:259–281.
25. Hancock, J. F., and M. P. Pritts. 1987. Does reproductive effort vary across different life forms and seral environments? A review of the literature. Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 114:53–59.
26. Hardwick, R. C. and D. J. Andrews. 1983. A simple model of the relationship between pant density, plant biomass, and time. Journal of Applied Ecology 20:905–914.
27. Harper, J. L. 1976. Population biology of plants. London: Academic Press.
28. Hillel, D. 1991. Out of the earth. Berkeley: University of California Press.
29. Hirel, B., J. Le Gouis, B. Ney, and A. Gallais. 2007. The challenge of improving nitrogen use efficiency in crop plants: Towards a more central role for genetic variability and quantitative genetics within integrated approaches. Journal of Experimental Botany 58:2369–2387.
30. Hodgson, J. G., P. J. Wilson, R. Hunt, J. P. Grime, and K. Thompson. 1999. Allocating CSR plant functional types: a soft approach to a hard problem. Oikos 85:282–294.
31. Iowa State Daily Erosion Project. 2015. http://wepp.mesonet.agron.iastate.edu
32. Jotic, P. 1997 Overseas study and collecting tour—Development in new apple varieties. Hobart, Tasmania, Australia: Tasmanian Department of Primary Industry and Fisheries.
33. Johnston, A. E., P. R. Poulton, and K. Coleman. 2009. Soil organic matter: Its importance in sustainable agriculture and carbon dioxide fluxes. Advances in Agronomy 101:1–57.
34. King, F. H. 1911. Farmers of forty centuries. Emmaus, PA: Rodale Press.
35. Lal, R. 2003. Global potential of soil carbon sequestration to mitigate the greenhouse effect. Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences 22:151–184.
36. Levine, U. Y., T. K. Teal, G. P. Robertson, and T. M. Schmidt. 2011 Agriculture’s impact on microbial diversity and associated fluxes of carbon dioxide and methane. ISME Journal 5:1683–1691.
37. Mazoyer, M., and Roudart, L. 2006. A history of world agriculture. London: Earthscan.
38. Montgomery, D. R. 2007a. Dirt. Berkeley: The University of California Press.
39. Montgomery, D. R. 2007b. Soil erosion and agricultural sustainability. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 104:13268–13272.
40. Morrison, M. J., H. D. Voldeng, and E. R. Cober. 1999. Physiological changes from 58 years of genetic improvement of short-season soybean cultivars in Canada. Agronomy Journal 91:685–689.
41. O’Hara, S. L., F. Street-Perrott, and T. P. Burt. 1993. Accelerated soil erosion around a Mexican highland lake caused by prehispanic agriculture. Nature 362:48–51.
42. Palmer, J. W. 1988. Annual dry matter production and partitioning over the first 5 years of a bed system of Crispin/M.27 apple trees at four spacings. Journal of Applied Ecology 25:569–578.
43. Poeplau, C., and A. Don. 2015. Carbon sequestration in agricultural soils via cultivation of cover crops—A meta-analysis. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment 200:33–41.
44. Robertson, G. P., K. L. Gross, S. K. Hamilton, D. A. Landis, T. M. Schmidt, S. S. Snapp, and S. M. Swinton. 2014. Farming for ecosystem services: An ecological approach to production agriculture. Bioscience 64:404–415.
45. Rockström, J., W. Steffen, K. Noone, A. Persson, F. S. Chapin, III, E. F. Lambin, T. M. Lenton, M. Scheffer, 2009. A safe operating space for humanity. Nature 461:471–475.
46. Saugier, B., J. Roy, and H. Mooney. 2001. Estimations of global terrestrial productivity: Converging toward a single number? In Terrestrial global productivity, eds. J. Roy, B. Saugier, and H. A. Mooney, 543–557. San Diego: Academic Press.
47. Smaje, C. 2015. The strong perennial vision: A critical review. Agroecology and Sustainable Food Systems. [this issue]
48. Snapp, S. 2008. Agroecology: Principles and practice. In Agricultural systems: Agroecology and rural innovation for development, eds. S. Snapp and B. Pound, 53–88. London: Academic Press.
49. Tollenaar, M., and E. A. Lee. 2002. Yield potential, yield stability and stress tolerance in maize. Field Crops Research 75:161–169.
50. van der Knijff, J. M., J. J. A. Jones, and L. Montanarella. 2000. Soil erosion risk assessment in Europe. EUR 19044 EN, European Soil Bureau.
51. Van Tassel, D. L., L. R. DeHaan, and T. S. Cox. 2010. Missing domesticated plant forms: Can artificial selection fill the gap? Evolutionary Applications 3:434–452.
52. Vitousek, P. M., and W. A. Reiners. 1975. Ecosystem succession and nutrient retention: A hypothesis. Bioscience 25:376–381.
53. Wilken, G. C. 1987. Good farmers. Berkeley: University of California Press.
54. Wilson, J. B., and W. G. Lee. 2000. C‐S‐R triangle theory: Community‐level predictions, tests, evaluation of criticisms, and relation to other theories. Oikos 91:77–96.