Testosterone therapy and risk of myocardial infarction: A pharmacoepidemiologic study

Pharmacotherapy

Volumn 35, Issue 1, 2015, Pages 72-78

  Etminan, Mahyar ^a   Skeldon, Sean C ^b,c   Goldenberg, Sheldon Larry ^b   Carleton, Bruce ^a   Brophy, James M ^d  

^a UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA   (Canada)

^b UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA   (Canada)

^c UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO   (Canada)

^d MCGILL UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

Author keywords

Case control study; Drug safety; Myocardial infarction; Testosterone therapies

Indexed keywords

ANTITHROMBOCYTIC AGENT; HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL COENZYME A REDUCTASE INHIBITOR; TESTOSTERONE;

ADULT; AGED; ANDROGEN THERAPY; ARTICLE; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK; CASE CONTROL STUDY; COHORT ANALYSIS; CONTROLLED STUDY; CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE; HEART INFARCTION; HISTORY; HUMAN; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; PHARMACOEPIDEMIOLOGY; PRESCRIPTION; PROSPECTIVE STUDY; SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS; VERY ELDERLY; ADVERSE EFFECTS; CANADA; CHEMICALLY INDUCED; FACTUAL DATABASE; HORMONE SUBSTITUTION; MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION; RETROSPECTIVE STUDY; RISK; STATISTICS AND NUMERICAL DATA;

AGED; AGED, 80 AND OVER; BRITISH COLUMBIA; CASE-CONTROL STUDIES; DATABASES, FACTUAL; DRUG PRESCRIPTIONS; HORMONE REPLACEMENT THERAPY; HUMANS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION; PHARMACOEPIDEMIOLOGY; RETROSPECTIVE STUDIES; RISK; TESTOSTERONE;

EID: 84926166164     PISSN: 02770008     EISSN: 18759114     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/phar.1534     Document Type: Article

References (32)

1. Baillargeon J, Urban RJ, Ottenbacher KJ, Pierson KS, Goodwin JS. Trends in androgen prescribing in the United States, 2001 to 2011. JAMA Intern Med 2013;173:1465-6.
2. Spitzer M, Huang G, Basaria S, Travison TG, Bhasin S. Risks and benefits of testosterone therapy in older men. Nat Rev Endocrinol 2013;9:414-24.
3. Kamerow D. Getting your "T" up. BMJ 2014;348:g182.
4. Delamothe T. Monkey business: reflections on testosterone. BMJ 2012;345:e4967.
5. Schwartz LM, Woloshin S. Low, "T" as in "template": how to sell disease. JAMA Intern Med 2013;173:1460-2.
6. Gan EH, Pattman S, Pearce S, Quinton R. Many men are receiving unnecessary testosterone prescriptions. BMJ 2012;345:e5469.
7. Layton JB, Li D, Meier CR, et al. Testosterone Lab Testing and Initiation in the United Kingdom and the United States, 2000-2011. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2014;99(3):835-42 (In Press).
8. Barrett-Connor E, Khaw KT. Endogenous sex hormones and cardiovascular disease in men. A prospective population-based study. Circulation 1988;78:539-45.
9. Khaw K-T, Dowsett M, Folkerd E, et al. Endogenous testosterone and mortality due to all causes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer in men: European prospective investigation into cancer in Norfolk (EPIC-Norfolk) Prospective Population Study. Circulation 2007;116:2694-701.
10. Shores MM, Matsumoto AM, Sloan KL, Kivlahan DR. Low serum testosterone and mortality in male veterans. Arch Intern Med 2006;166:1660-5.
11. Laughlin Ga, Barrett-Connor E, Bergstrom J. Low serum testosterone and mortality in older men. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2008;93:68-75.
12. Haring R, Völzke H, Steveling A, et al. Low serum testosterone levels are associated with increased risk of mortality in a population-based cohort of men aged 20-79. Eur Heart J 2010;31:1494-501.
13. Ruige JB, Mahmoud AM, De Bacquer D, Kaufman J-M. Endogenous testosterone and cardiovascular disease in healthy men: a meta-analysis. Heart 2011;97:870-5.
14. Shores MM, Smith NL, Forsberg CW, Anawalt BD, Matsumoto AM. Testosterone treatment and mortality in men with low testosterone levels. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2012;97:2050-8.
15. Basaria S, Coviello AD, Travison TG, et al. Adverse events associated with testosterone administration. N Engl J Med 2010;363:109-22.
16. Xu L, Freeman G, Cowling BJ, Schooling CM. Testosterone therapy and cardiovascular events among men: a systematic review and meta-analysis of placebo-controlled randomized trials. BMC Med 2013;11:108.
17. Vigen R, O'Donnell CI, Barón AE, et al. Association of testosterone therapy with mortality, myocardial infarction, and stroke in men with low testosterone levels. JAMA 2013;310:1829-36.
18. Finkle WD, Greenland S, Ridgeway GK, et al. Increased risk of non-fatal myocardial infarction following testosterone therapy prescription in men. PLoS ONE 2014;9:e85805.
19. Etminan M, Delaney JAC, Bressler B, Brophy JM. Oral contraceptives and the risk of gallbladder disease: a comparative safety study. CMAJ 2011;183:899-904.
20. LifeLink Health Plan Claims Database: overview and study design issues. [Internet]. 2010. Available from www.uams.edu/TRI/hsrcore/Lifelink-Health-Plan-Claims-Data-DesignIssues-wcost-April2010[1].pdf. Accessed 28 February 2013.
21. Bird ST, Pepe SR, Etminan M, Liu X, Brophy JM, Delaney JAC. The association between drospirenone and hyperkalemia: a comparative-safety study. BMC Clin Pharmacol 2011;11:23.
22. Essebag V, Genest J, Suissa S, Pilote L. The nested case-control study in cardiology. Am Heart J 2003;146:581-90.
23. Graham DJ, Ouellet-Hellstrom R, MaCurdy TE, et al. Risk of acute myocardial infarction, stroke, heart failure, and death in elderly Medicare patients treated with rosiglitazone or pioglitazone. JAMA 2010;304:411-8.
24. Petersen LA, Wright S, Normand SL, Daley J. Positive predictive value of the diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction in an administrative database. J Gen Intern Med 1999;14:555-8.
25. Ray WA. Evaluating medication effects outside of clinical trials: new-user designs. Am J Epidemiol 2003;158:915-20.
26. Ray Wa, Stein CM, Daugherty JR, Hall K, Arbogast PG, Griffin MR. COX-2 selective non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and risk of serious coronary heart disease. Lancet 2002;360:1071-3.
27. Levesque LE, Brophy JM, Zhang B. Time variations in the risk of myocardial infarction among elderly users of COX-2 inhibitors. CMAJ 2006;174:1563-9.
28. Schisterman EF, Cole SR, Platt RW. Overadjustment bias and unnecessary adjustment in epidemiologic studies. Epidemiology 2009;20:488-95.
29. Hernan M. Causal Inference Book [Internet]. 2015:96. Available from: http://www.hsph.harvard.edu/miguel-hernan/causalinference-book/. Accessed 24 April 2014.
30. Morgentaler A, Kacker R. Andrology: Testosterone and cardiovascular risk-deciphering the statistics. Nat Rev Urol 2014;11:131-2.
31. Bhasin S, Cunningham GR, Hayes FJ, et al. Testosterone therapy in men with androgen deficiency syndromes: an Endocrine Society clinical practice guideline. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2010;95:2536-59.
32. Snyder PJ, Ellenberg SS, Cunningham GR, et al. The Testosterone Trials: seven coordinated trials of testosterone treatment in elderly men. Clin Trials 2014;11(3):362-375 (In Press).