Patient access to health care and medicines across low-income countries

Social Science and Medicine

Volumn 133, Issue , 2015, Pages 21-27

  Srivastava, Divya ^a,b   McGuire, Alistair ^b  

^a OECD   (France)

^b LONDON SCHOOL OF ECONOMICS   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Determinants of health; Health policy; Health care access; Low income countries; Medicines; Pharmaceutical policy

Indexed keywords

ACCESSIBILITY; DEMAND ANALYSIS; DEVELOPING WORLD; DRUG; DRUG PRESCRIBING; HEALTH CARE; LOW INCOME POPULATION; POLICY APPROACH;

ARTICLE; EDUCATIONAL STATUS; HEALTH CARE ACCESS; HEALTH CARE COST; HEALTH CARE NEED; HEALTH CARE POLICY; HEALTH INSURANCE; HEALTH SURVEY; HELP SEEKING BEHAVIOR; HOUSEHOLD; HUMAN; LOWEST INCOME GROUP; MARRIAGE; MEDICINE; SOCIAL DETERMINANTS OF HEALTH; URBAN AREA; CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY; DEVELOPING COUNTRY; ECONOMICS; FEMALE; HEALTH; HEALTH CARE DELIVERY; HEALTH CARE SURVEY; MALE; POVERTY; SOCIOECONOMICS; STATISTICAL MODEL;

CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDIES; DEVELOPING COUNTRIES; FEMALE; GLOBAL HEALTH; HEALTH CARE SURVEYS; HEALTH SERVICES ACCESSIBILITY; HUMANS; INSURANCE, HEALTH; MALE; MEDICINE; MODELS, STATISTICAL; POVERTY; SOCIOECONOMIC FACTORS;

EID: 84925741401     PISSN: 02779536     EISSN: 18735347     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2015.03.021     Document Type: Article

References (74)

1. Abdu Z., Mohammed Z., et al. The impact of user fee exemption on service utilization and treatment seeking behaviour: the case of malaria in Sudan. Int. J. Health Plan. Manag. 2004, 19(S1):S95-S106.
2. Aday L.A., Andersen R. Aframework for the study of access to medical care. Health Serv. Res. 1974, 9(3):208-220.
3. Akin J., Griffin C., et al. The demand for primary health services in the Bicol region of Philippines. Econ. Dev. Cult. Change 1986, 34(4):755-782.
4. Anyanwu J.C. Demand for health care Institutions' services: evidence from malaria fever treatment in Nigeria. Afr. Dev. Rev. 2007, 19(2):304-330.
5. Asenso-Okyere W.K., Dzator J.A., et al. The behaviour towards malaria care-a multinomial logit approach. Soc. lndicators Res. 1996, 39:167-186.
6. Asfaw A., v.Braun J., et al. How big is the crowding-out effect of user fees in the rural areas of Ethiopia? Implications for equity and resources mobilization. World Dev. 2004, 32(12):2065-2081.
7. Babar Z., Scahill S. Is there a role for pharmacoeconomics in developing countries?. Pharmacoeconomics 2010, 28(12):1069-1074.
8. Bolduc D., Lacroix G., et al. The choice of medical providers in rural Benin: a comparison of discrete choice models. J.Health Econ. 1996, 15(4):477-498.
9. Borah B.J. Amixed logit model of health care provider choice: analysis of NSS data for rural India. Health Econ. 2006, 15(9):915-932.
10. Chaudhury R.R., Parameswar R., et al. Quality medicines for the poor: experience of the Delhi programme on rational use of drugs. Health Policy Plan. 2005, 20(2):124-136.
11. Creese A.L. User charges for health care: a review of recent experience. Health Policy Plan. 1991, 6(4):309-319.
12. Cutler D.M. Health care and the public sector. Handbook of Public Economics 2002, vol. 4:2142-2243. Elsevier Science, Amsterdam.
13. Donabedian A. Models for organising the delivery of personal health services and criteria for evaluating them. Millbank Mem. Fund. Q. 1972, 50(4):103.
14. Dzator J., Asafu-Adjaye J. Astudy of malaria care provider choice in Ghana. Health Policy 2004, 69(3):389-401.
15. Falkingham J. .Poverty, out-of-pocket payments and access to health care: evidence from Tajikistan. Soc. Sci. Med. 2004, 58(2):247-258.
16. Gertler P., Locay L., et al. Are user fees regressive?: the welfare implications of health care financing proposals in Peru. J.Econ. 1987, 36(1-2):67-88.
17. Gertler P., van der Gaag J. The Willingness to pay for Medical Care: Evidence from two Developing Countries 1990, Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore.
18. Gilson L. The lessons of user fee experience in Africa. Health Policy Plan. 1997, 12(3):273-285.
19. Goddard M., Smith P. Equity of access to health care services: theory and evidence from the UK. Soc. Sci. & Med. 2001, 53(9):1149-1162.
20. Goldman D.P., Joyce G.F., et al. Prescription drug cost sharing: associations with medication and medical utilization and spending and health. JAMA 2007, 298(1):61-69.
21. Greene W.H. Econometric Analysis 2008, Pearson Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River. sixth ed.
22. Grossman M. On the concept of health capital and the demand for health. J.Polit. Econ. 1972, 80(2):223-255.
23. Heller P. Amodel of the demand for medical and health services in Peninsular Malaysia. Soc. Sci. & Med. 1982, 16(3):267-284.
24. Homedes N., Ugalde A., et al. Scientific evaluations of interventions to improve the adequate use of pharmaceuticals in Third World countries. Public Health Rev. 2001, 29(2-4):207-230.
25. Hongoro C., Kumaranayake L. Do they work? Regulating for-profit providers in Zimbabwe. Health Policy Plan. 2000, 15(4):368-377.
26. Hughes D.A., Bagust A., Haycox A., Walley T. The impact of non-compliance on the cost-effectiveness of pharmaceuticals: a review of the literature. Health Econ. 2001, 10:601-615.
27. Hutton G. Charting the Path to the World Bank's "No Blanket Policy on User Fees": a Look Over the Past 25 Years at the Shifting Support for User Fees in Health and Education and Reflections on the Future 2004, DFID Health Systems Resource Centre, London.
28. Jack W. Principles of Health Economics for Developing Countries 1999, The World Bank, Washington, DC.
29. James C.D., Hanson K., et al. To retain or remove user fees?: reflections on the current debate in low- and middle-income countries. Appl. Health Econ. Health Policy 2006, 5(3):137-153.
30. Jones A.M., Rice N., et al. Applied Health Economics 2007, Routledge, Abingdon.
31. Kondo M., McPake B. Making choices between prepayment and user charges in Zambia. What are the results for equity?. Health Econ. 2007, 16(12):1371-1387.
32. Laxminarayan R., Parry I.W.H., et al. Should new Anti-malarial Drugs be Subsidized? Resources for the Future 2006, (Discussion Papers, Washington DC).
33. Lagarde M., Palmer N. The impact of user fees on health service utilization in low- and middle-income countries: how strong is the evidence?. Bull. World Health Organ. 2008, 86(11):839-848.
34. Landsman P.B., Yu W., Liu X., Teutsch S.M., Berger M.L. Impact of 3-tier pharmacy benefit design and increased consumer cost sharing on drug utilization. Am. J. Manag. Care 2005, 11(10):621-628.
35. Le Grand J. The distribution of public expenditure: the case of health care. Economica 1978, 45(178):125-142.
36. Levison L., Laing R. The hidden costs of essential medicines. Essent. Drugs Monit. 2003, 33:20-21.
37. McPake B. User charges for health services in developing countries: a review of the economic literature. Soc. Sci. & Med. 1993, 36(11):1397-1405.
38. Mcpake B., Brikci N., Cometto G., Schmidt A., Araujo E. Removing user fees: learning from international experience to support the process. Health Policy Plan. 2011, 26(Suppl.2):ii104-ii116.
39. Meessen B., Kashala J.P., et al. Output-based payment to boost staff productivity in public health centres: contracting in Kabutare district, Rwanda. Bull. World Health Organ. 2007, 85(2):108-115.
40. Meessen B., Hercot D., et al. Removing user fees in the health sector: a review of policy processes in six sub-Saharan African countries. Health Policy Plan. 2011, 26(Suppl.2):ii16-ii29.
41. Mooney G.H. Equity in health care: confronting the confusion. Eff. Health Care 1983, 1(4):179-185.
42. Motheral B., Fairman K. Effect of a three-tier prescription copay on pharmaceutical and other medical utilization. Med. Care 2001, 39(12):1293-1304.
43. Nimpagaritse M., Bertone M. The sudden removal of user fees: the perspective of a frontline manager in Burundi. Health Policy Plan. 2011, 26(Suppl.2):ii63-ii71.
44. Ojeda G., Murad R., et al. Testing pricing payment systems to improve access and cost-recovery from Norplant. Association Pro-Bienestar de la Familia Colombiana (PROFAMILIA), PCII, International Planned Parenthood Federation Western Hemisphere Region (IPPF/WHR) 1994, USAID, Washington DC.
45. Oliver A., Mossialos E. Equity of access to health care: outlining the foundations for action. J.Epidemiol. Commun. Health 2004, 58(8):655-658.
46. Orem J., Mugisha F., Kirunga C., Macq J., Criel B. Abolition of user fees: the Uganda paradox. Health Policy Plan. 2011, 26(Suppl.2):ii41-ii62.
47. Pagnoni F., Convelbo N., et al. Acommunity based program to provide prompt and adequate treatment of presumptive malaria in children. Trans. R. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg. 1997, 91:512-517.
48. Palmer N., Mueller D., et al. Health financing to promote access in low income settings-how much do we know?. Lancet 2004, 364(9442):1365-1370.
49. Pokhrel S., De Allegri M., Gbangou A., Sauerborn R. Illness reporting and demand for medical care in rural Burkina Faso. Soc. Sci. & Med. 2010, 70(11):1693-1700.
50. Ponsar F., Van Herp M., Gerard S., Philips M., Jouquet G. Abolishing user fees for children and pregnant women trebled uptake of malaria-related interventions in Kangaba, Mali. Health Policy Plan. 2011, 26(Suppl.2):ii72-ii82.
51. Preker A.S., Carrin G., et al. Effectiveness of community health financing in meeting the cost of illness. Bull. World Health Organ. 2002, 80(2):143-150.
52. Qian D., Pong R.W., et al. Determinants of health care demand in poor, rural China: the case of Gansu Province. Health Policy Plan. 2009, 24(5):324-334.
53. Ridde V., Richard F., Bicaba A., Queuille L., Conombo G. .The national subsidy for deliveries and emergency obstetric care in Burkina Faso. Health Policy Plan. 2011, 26(Suppl.2):ii30-ii40.
54. Russo G., McPake B. Medicine prices in urban Mozambique. A public health and economic study of pharmaceutical markets and price determinants in low-income settings. Health Policy Plan. 2010, 25(1):70-84.
55. Sarma S. Demand for outpatient healthcare, empirical findings from rural India. Appl. Health Econ. Health Policy 2009, 7(4):265-277.
56. Sauerborn R., Nougtata A., et al. The elasticity of demand for health care in Burkina Faso: differences across age and income groups. Health Policy Plan. 1994, 9(2):185-192.
57. Schwartz J.B., Akin J.S., et al. Price and income elasticities of demand for modern health care: the case of infant delivery in the Philippines. World Bank Econ. Rev. 1988, 2(1):49-76.
58. Seiter A. APractical Approach to Pharmaceutical Policy 2010, World Bank, Washington DC.
59. Sekabaraga C., Diop F., Soucat A. Can innovative health financing policies increase access to MDG-related services? Evidence from Rwanda. Health Policy Plan. 2011, 26(Suppl.2):ii52-ii62.
60. Sepehri A., Chernomas R. Are user charges efficiency- and equity-enhancing? A critical review of economic literature with particular reference to experience from developing countries. J.Int. Dev. 2001, 13(2):183-209.
61. Soumerai S.B., McLaughlin T., Ross-Degnan D., Casteris C.S., Bollini P. Effects of a limit on medicaid drugreimbursement benefits on the use of psychotropic agents and acute mental health services by patients with schizophrenia. N.Engl. J. Med. 1994, 331(10):650-655.
62. Soyibo A., Mbanefoh G.F., Anyanwu J.C. Health care demand in Nigeria: emerging policy issues and recommendations. Improving Health Policy in Africa 2004, 57-76. University of Nairobi Press, Kenya. G. Mwabu, J. Wang'ombe, D. Okello, G. Munishi (Eds.).
63. Steinhardt L., Aman I., Pakzad I., Kumar B., Singh L., Peters D. Removing user fees for basic health services: a pilot study and national roll-out in Afghanistan. Health Policy Plan. 2011, 26(Suppl.2):ii103-ii192.
64. Thiede M., Akweongo P., et al. Exploring the dimensions of access. The Economics of Health Equity 2007, 103-123. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. D. McIntyre, G.M. Mooney (Eds.).
65. Üstün T.B., et al. WHO multi-country survey study on health and responsiveness 2000-2001. Health Systems Performance Assessment: Debates, Methods and Empiricism 2003, World Health Organization, Geneva. C.J.L. Murray, D.B. Evans (Eds.).
66. Van de Ven P.M.M., Ellis R.P. Risk adjustment in competitive health plan markets. Handbook of Health Economics 2000, vol. 1(A):755-845. Elsevier Science B.V., Amsterdam.
67. Witter S., Khadka S., Nath H., Tiwari S. The national free delivery policy in Nepal: early evidence of its effects on health facilities. Health Policy Plan. 2011, 26(Suppl.2):ii84-ii91.
68. World Bank World Bank Development Indicators 2005, World Bank, Washington DC.
69. WHO/HAI Price, Availability and Affordability: an International Comparison of Chronic Disease Medicines 2006, Health Action International, Geneva.
70. WHO WHO Medicines Strategy: Countries at the Core 2004-2007 2004.
71. WHO WHA58.33 Sustainable Health Financing, Universal Coverage and Social Health Insurance 2005, Fifty-eight World Health Assembly WHO, Geneva, Available at:. http://uhcforward.org/sites/uhcforward.org/files/WHO_WHA58_33_Resolution_for_Sustainable_health_financing_universal_coverage_and_social_health_insurance.pdf.
72. WHO. World Health Survey 2006, World Health Organization, Geneva.
73. WHO Access to Medicines 2007, Retrieved July, 2007, from. http://www.who.int/trade/glossary/story002/en/.
74. Xu K., Ravndal F., Evans D.B., Carrin G. Assessing the reliability of household expenditure data: results of the World Health Survey. Health Policy 2009, 91(3):297-305.