What is the ideal surgical approach for intra-abdominal testes? a systematic review

Pediatric Surgery International

Volumn 31, Issue 4, 2015, Pages 327-338

  Wayne, Carolyn ^a   Chan, Emily ^a   Nasr, Ahmed ^a,b  

^a CHILDREN S HOSPITAL OF EASTERN ONTARIO   (Canada)

^b UNIVERSITY OF OTTAWA   (Canada)

Author keywords

Intra abdominal testes; Orchiopexy; Systematic review; Undescended testes

Indexed keywords

CRYPTORCHISM; FOLLOW UP; HEMATOMA; HUMAN; ILEUS; INGUINAL CANAL; INTRAABDOMINAL TESTIS; LAPAROSCOPIC SURGERY; LAPAROSCOPY; MALE; MALE FERTILITY; MALE GENITAL TRACT MALFORMATION; ORCHIDOPEXY; PEDIATRIC SURGERY; POSTOPERATIVE COMPLICATION; POSTOPERATIVE INFECTION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RECURRENT DISEASE; REVIEW; SYSTEMATIC REVIEW; TESTIS ATROPHY; TREATMENT OUTCOME; CRYPTORCHIDISM; PROCEDURES;

CRYPTORCHIDISM; HUMANS; LAPAROSCOPY; MALE; ORCHIOPEXY;

EID: 84925543170     PISSN: 01790358     EISSN: 14379813     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s00383-015-3676-1     Document Type: Review

References (69)

1. Cortes D, Kjellberg EM, Breddam M, Thorup J (2008) The true incidence of cryptorchidism in Denmark. J Urol 179(1):314–318
2. Thonneau PF, Gandia P, Mieusset R (2003) Cryptorchidism: incidence, risk factors, and potential role of environment; an update. J Androl 24(2):155–162
3. Thong M, Lim C, Fatimah H (1998) Undescended testes: incidence in 1,002 consecutive male infants and outcome at 1 year of age. Pediatr Surg Int 13(1):37–41
4. Smolko MJ, Kaplan GW, Brock WA (1983) Location and fate of the nonpalpable testis in children. J Urol 129(6):1204–1206
5. Comploj E, Pycha A (2012) Diagnosis and management of cryptorchidism. Eur Urol Suppl 11(2):2–9
6. Batata M, Whitmore W Jr, Hilaris B, Tokita N, Grabstald H (1976) Cancer of the undescended or maldescended testis. Am J Roentgenol 126(2):302–312
7. AbouZeid AA, Mousa MH, Soliman HA, Hamza AF, Hay SA (2011) Intra-abdominal testis: histological alterations and significance of biopsy. J Urol 185(1):269–274
8. Hvistendahl GM, Poulsen EU (2009) Laparoscopy for the impalpable testes: experience with 80 intra-abdominal testes. J Pediatr Urol 5(5):389–392
9. Murphy F, Paran TS, Puri P (2007) Orchidopexy and its impact on fertility. Pediatr Surg Int 23(7):625–632
10. Carson JS, Cusick R, Mercer A, Ashley A, Abdessalam S, Raynor S, Lyden E, Azarow K (2014) Undescended testes: does age at orchiopexy affect survival of the testis? J Pediatr Surg 49(5):770–773
11. Canavese F, Mussa A, Manenti M, Cortese MG, Ferrero L, Tuli G, Macchieraldo R, Lala R (2009) Sperm count of young men surgically treated for cryptorchidism in the first and second year of life: fertility is better in children treated at a younger age. Eur J Pediatr Surg 19(6):388–391
12. Pettersson A, Richiardi L, Nordenskjold A, Kaijser M, Akre O (2007) Age at surgery for undescended testis and risk of testicular cancer. N Engl J Med 356(18):1835–1841
13. Fowler R, Stephens FD (1959) The role of testicular vascular anatomy in the salvage of high undescended testes. Aust N Z J Surg 29:92–106
14. Ransley PG, Wacksman JS, Caldamone AA, Bellinger MF (1984) Preliminary ligation of the gonadal vessels prior to orchidopexy for the intra-abdominal testicle. World J Urol 2:266–268
15. CAPS (2014) Canadian Association of Paediatric Surgeons Evidence-Based Resource. https://caps.ca/evidence-based-resource/more-information
16. Graham B, Regehr G, Wright JG (2003) Delphi as a method to establish consensus for diagnostic criteria. J Clin Epidemiol 56(12):1150–1156
17. Chan E, Wayne C, Nasr A, The Canadian Association of Pediatric Surgeon Evidence-Based Resource (2014) Ideal timing of orchiopexy: a systematic review. Pediatr Surg Int 30(1):87–97
18. Shea BJ, Grimshaw JM, Wells GA, Boers M, Andersson N, Hamel C, Porter AC, Tugwell P, Moher D, Bouter LM (2007) Development of AMSTAR: a measurement tool to assess the methodological quality of systematic reviews. BMC Med Res Methodol 7:10
19. Higgins JPT, Green S (editors) (2011) Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions Version 5.1.0. The Cochrane Collaboration. www.cochrane-handbook.org
20. Slim K, Nini E, Forestier D, Kwiatkowski F, Panis Y, Chipponi J (2003) Methodological index for non-randomized studies (minors): development and validation of a new instrument. ANZ J Surg 73(9):712–716
21. National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) (1999) Guidelines for the development and implementation of clinical practice guidelines, 1st edn. Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra
22. El Gohary MA (2008) Non-descent of the testis: an overlooked laparoscopic finding. J Pediatr Urol 4(5):364–366
23. Palmer LS, Rastinehad A (2008) Incidence and concurrent laparoscopic repair of intra-abdominal testis and contralateral patent processus vaginalis. Urology 72(2):297–299
24. Bahador A, Hosseini SMV, Foroutan H, Sabet B, Banani SJ (2009) Total inguinal canal mobilization in two-stage orchiopexy. Iran J Med Sci 34(2):100–103
25. Khairi A, Shehata S, Abouheba M, Soliman S (2009) Hypoplastic gonadal vessels exiting the deep ring during laparoscopy for impalpable testes: when is inguinal exploration necessary? J Laparoendosc Adv Surg Tech A 19(1):103–106
26. Khan MA, Khan K, Khan Y, Kamal A, Imran M, Khan MT, Khan MJ (2009) Testicular re-routing in high undescended testis. J Postgrad Med Inst 23(3):263–266
27. De Carli C, Bettolli M, Leonard M, Jauregui E, Guerra L (2010) Laparoscopic manoeuvre for orchidopexy in high intra-abdominal testes when cremasteric artery is present. J Pediatr Urol 6(1):2–5
28. Drlik M, Koèvara R (2010) Impalpable testis, what first: diagnostic laparoscopy or inguinal exploration? 11-year experience in one paediatric urology center. Eur Urol Suppl 9(6):641
29. Esposito C, Iacobelli S, Farina A, Perricone F, Savanelli A, Settimi A (2010) Exploration of inguinal canal is mandatory in cases of non palpable testis if laparoscopy shows elements entering a closed inguinal ring. Eur J Pediatr Surg 20(2):138–139
30. Hassan ME, Mustafawi A (2010) Laparoscopic management of impalpable testis in children, new classification, lessons learned, and rare anomalies. J Laparoendosc Adv Surg Tech A 20(3):265–269
31. Branstrom G, Barker G (2011) A retrospective review of the outcome of laparoscopic 2-stage fowler-stephens procedures over a 6 year period. J Laparoendosc Adv Surg Tech 21(4):A-83
32. Cuda SP, Srinivasan AK, Kalisvaart J, Kirsch AJ (2011) Evolution of single practice trends in the surgical approach to the undescended testicle. J Urol 185(6 Suppl):2451–2454
33. Blackburn SC, Adams SD, Mahomed AA (2012) Risk of hernia occurrence where division of an indirect inguinal sac without ligation is undertaken. J Laparoendosc Adv Surg Tech 22(7):713–714
34. Esposito C, Caldamone AA, Settimi A, El-Ghoneimi A (2008) Management of boys with nonpalpable undescended testis. Nat Clin Pract Urol 5(5):252–260
35. Gapany C, Frey P, Cachat F, Gudinchet F, Jichlinski P, Meyrat BJ, Ramseyer P, Theintz G, Burnand B (2008) Management of cryptorchidism in children: guidelines. Swiss Med Wkly 138(33–34):492–498
36. Bae KH, Park JS, Jung HJ, Shin HS (2014) Inguinal approach for the management of unilateral non-palpable testis: is diagnostic laparoscopy necessary? J Pediatr Urol 10(2):233–236
37. Elyas R, Guerra LA, Pike J, De Carli C, Betolli M, Bass J, Chou S, Sweeney B, Rubin S, Barrowman N, Moher D, Leonard M (2010) Is staging beneficial for Fowler-Stephens orchiopexy? A systematic review. J Urol 183(5):2012–2018
38. Guo J, Liang Z, Zhang H, Yang C, Pu J, Mei H, Zheng L, Zeng F, Tong Q (2011) Laparoscopic versus open orchiopexy for non-palpable undescended testes in children: a systemic review and meta-analysis. Pediatr Surg Int 27(9):943–952
39. Sharifiaghdas F, Beigi FM (2008) Impalpable testis: laparoscopy or inguinal canal exploration? Scand J Urol Nephrol 42(2):154–157
40. Daher P, Nabbout P, Feghali J, Riachy E (2009) Is the Fowler-Stephens procedure still indicated for the treatment of nonpalpable intraabdominal testis? J Pediatr Surg 44(10):1999–2003
41. Desireddi NV, Liu DB, Maizels M, Rigsby C, Casey JT, Cheng EY (2008) Magnetic resonance arteriography/venography is not accurate to structure management of the impalpable testis. J Urol 180(4 Suppl):1805–1808
42. Atawurah H (2011) Role of laparoscopy in diagnosis and management of nonpalpable testes. World J Laparosc Surg 4(2):73–75
43. Papparella A, Romano M, Noviello C, Cobellis G, Nino F, Del MC, Parmeggiani P (2010) The value of laparoscopy in the management of non-palpable testis. J Pediatr Urol 6(6):550–554
44. Tang PMY, Leung MWY, Chao NSY, Wong BPY, Kwok WK, Liu KKW (2009) Use of laparoscopy in the management of impalpable testis in children. Hong Kong J Paediatr 14(3):172–176
45. Castillo-Ortiz J, Muniz-Colon L, Escudero K, Perez-Brayfield M (2014) Laparoscopy in the surgical management of the non-palpable testis. Front Pediatr 2:28
46. Denes FT, Saito FJ, Silva FA, Giron AM, Machado M, Srougi M (2008) Laparoscopic diagnosis and treatment of nonpalpable testis. Int Braz J Urol 34(3):329–334
47. Moursy EE, Gamal W, Hussein MM (2011) Laparoscopic orchiopexy for non-palpable testes: outcome of two techniques. J Pediatr Urol 7(2):178–181
48. Singh RR, Rajimwale A, Nour S (2011) Laparoscopic management of impalpable testes: comparison of different techniques. Pediatr Surg Int 27(12):1327–1330
49. Stec AA, Tanaka ST, Adams MC, Pope JC, Thomas JC, Brock JW III (2009) Orchiopexy for intra-abdominal testes: factors predicting success. J Urol 182(4 Suppl):1917–1920
50. Canavese F, Lala R, Valfre L, Vinardi S, Bianco E, Cortese MG (2010) Effectiveness of primary inguinal orchiopexy as treatment of non-palpable testes in the first two years of age. Minerva Pediatr 62(3):245–248
51. Ang CW, Forrest J (2008) Diagnostic laparoscopy and management of the impalpable testis—a review of 10 year’s practice at a non-paediatric specialist centre. J Pediatr Urol 4(3):214–217
52. Bagga D, Teckchandani N, Kumar V, Grover SB, Yadav DK, Acharya SK (2013) Predictive factors for successful vessel-intact laparoscopic orchiopexy for intra-abdominal testes. J Pediatr Urol 9(4):453–457
53. Chang M, Franco I (2008) Laparoscopic Fowler-Stephens orchiopexy: the Westchester Medical Center experience. J Endourol 22(6):1315–1319
54. Agrawal A, Joshi M, Mishra P, Gupta R, Sanghvi B, Parelkar S (2010) Laparoscopic Stephen-Fowler stage procedure: appropriate management for high intra-abdominal testes. J Laparoendosc Adv Surg Tech A 20(2):183–185
55. Burjonrappa SC, Al Hazmi H, Barrieras D, Houle AM, Franc-Guimond J (2009) Laparoscopic orchidopexy: the easy way to go. J Pediatr Surg 44(11):2168–2172
56. Alagaratnam S, Nathaniel C, Cuckow P, Duffy P, Mushtaq I, Cherian A, Desai D, Kiely E, Pierro A, Drake D, De CP, Cross K, Curry J, Smeulders N (2014) Testicular outcome following laparoscopic second stage Fowler-Stephens orchidopexy. J Pediatr Urol 10(1):186–192
57. Esposito C, Vallone G, Savanelli A, Settimi A (2009) Long-term outcome of laparoscopic Fowler-Stephens orchiopexy in boys with intra-abdominal testis. J Urol 181(4):1851–1856
58. Lintula H, Kokki H, Eskelinen M, Vanamo K (2008) Laparoscopic versus open orchidopexy in children with intra-abdominal testes. J Laparoendosc Adv Surg Tech A 18(3):449–456
59. Dave S, Manaboriboon N, Braga LH, Lorenzo AJ, Farhat WA, Bagli DJ, Khoury AE, Salle JL (2009) Open versus laparoscopic staged Fowler-Stephens orchiopexy: impact of long loop vas. J Urol 182(5):2435–2439
60. Kojima Y, Mizuno K, Kamisawa H, Kato T, Kohri K, Hayashi Y (2011) Laparoscopic management of nonpalpable testis: new treatment strategy. J Endourol 25(4):635–640
61. Kaye JD, Palmer LS (2008) Single setting bilateral laparoscopic orchiopexy for bilateral intra-abdominal testicles. J Urol 180(4 Suppl):1795–1799
62. Shehata SM (2008) Laparoscopically assisted gradual controlled traction on the testicular vessels: a new concept in the management of abdominal testis. A preliminary report. Eur J Pediatr Surg 18(6):402–406
63. Dessanti A, Falchetti D, Iannuccelli M, Milianti S, Altana C, Tanca AR, Ubertazzi M, Strusi GP, Fusillo M (2009) Cryptorchidism with short spermatic vessels: staged orchiopexy preserving spermatic vessels. J Urol 182(3):1163–1167
64. Mahomed A, Adams S, Islam S (2012) Initial success with gubernacular-sparing laparoscopic-assisted Fowler-Stephens orchidopexy for intra-abdominal testes. J Laparoendosc Adv Surg Tech A 22(2):192–194
65. Noh PH, Kalyanaraman B (2012) Single trocar skin puncture laparoscopic orchidopexy. Urology 80(3):695–697
66. Kelley BP, Higuera S, Cisek LJ, Friedman J, Heller L (2010) Combined laparoscopic and microsurgical techniques for testicular autotransplantation: is this still an evolving technique? J Reconstr Microsurg 26(8):555–558
67. Deeks JJ, Dinnes J, D’Amico R, Sowden AJ, Sakarovitch C, Song F, Petticrew M, Altman DG (2003) International Stroke Trial Collaborative Group, European Carotid Surgery Trial Collaborative Group. Evaluating non-randomised intervention studies. Health Technol Assess 7(27):iii–x, 1–173
68. Oliver S, Bagnall AM, Thomas J, Shepherd J, Sowden A, White I, Dinnes J, Rees R, Colquitt J, Oliver K, Garrett Z (2010) Randomised controlled trials for policy interventions: a review of reviews and meta-regression. Health Technol Assess 14(16):1–165
69. Norris SL, Atkins D (2005) Challenges in using nonrandomized studies in systematic reviews of treatment interventions. Ann Intern Med 142(12 Pt 2):1112–1119