The Role of Addictive Behaviors in Childhood Obesity

Current Addiction Reports

Volumn 1, Issue 2, 2014, Pages 96-101

  Yardley, Heather L ^a   Smith, Jacquelyn ^b   Mingione, Carolyn ^c   Merlo, Lisa J ^d  

^a NATIONWIDE CHILDREN S HOSPITAL   (United States)

^b Children’s Hospital of Wisconsin ^*  (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF CINCINNATI   (United States)

^d UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA COLLEGE OF MEDICINE   (United States)

Author keywords

Addictive behaviors; Childhood obesity; Food addiction; Treatment options; Youth

Indexed keywords

EID: 84925504922     PISSN: None     EISSN: 21962952     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s40429-014-0012-0     Document Type: Review

References (56)

1. National Center for Health Statistics. Prevalence of Obesity Among Children and Adolescents: United States, Trends 1963–1965 Through 2009–2010. 2012. Retrieved January 1, 2014 from the Centers for Disease Control Web site: http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/hestat/obesity_child_09_10/obesity_child_09_10.htm.
2. Ogden CL, Carroll MD, Kit BK, Flegal KM. Prevalence of obesity and trends in body mass index among US children and adolescents. J Am Med Assoc. 2012;307:483–90.
3. Parikh N, Pencina MJ, Wang TJ, Lanier KJ, Fox CS, D’Agostino RB, et al. Increasing trends in incidence of overweight and obesity over 5 decades. Am J Med. 2007;120:242–50.
4. Shisslak CM, Crago M, McKnight KM, Estes LS, Gray N, Parnaby OG. Potential risk factors associated with weight control behaviors in elementary and middle school girls. J Psychosom Res. 1998;44:301–13.
5. Styne DM. Childhood and adolescent obesity: prevalence and significance. Pediatr Clin N Am. 2001;48:823–54. vii.
6. Ogden CL, Flegal KM, Carroll MD, Johnson CL. Prevalence and trends in overweight among US children and adolescents, 1999–2000. J Am Med Assoc. 2002;288:1728–32.
7. Hill K, Pomeroy C. Assessment of physical status of children and adolescents with eating disorders and obesity. In: Thompson JK, Smolak L, editors. Body image, eating disorders, and obesity in youth: Assessment, prevention, and treatment. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association; 2001. p. 171–92.
8. Must A, Strauss RS. Risks and consequences of childhood and adolescent obesity. Int J Obes. 1999;23:s2–s11.
9. Williams J, Wake M, Hesketh K, Maher E, Water E. Health-related quality of life of overweight and obese children. J Am Med Assoc. 2005;293:70–6.
10. Neumark-Sztainer D, Falkner N, Story M, Perry C, Hannan PJ, Mulert S. Weight-teasing among adolescents: correlations with weight status and disordered eating behaviors. Int J Obes. 2002;26:123–31.
11. Israel AC, Ivanova MY. Global and dimensional self-esteem in preadolescent and early adolescent children who are overweight: Age and gender differences. Int J Eat Disord. 2002;31:424–9.
12. Mellin AE, Neumark-Sztainer D, Story M, Ireland M, Resnick MD. Unhealthy behaviors and psychosocial difficulties among overweight adolescents: The potential impact of familial factors. J Adolesc Health. 2002;31:145–53.
13. Whitaker RC, Wright JA, Pepe MS, Seidel KD, Dietz WH. Predicting obesity in young adulthood from childhood and parental obesity. N Engl J Med. 1997;337:869–73.
14. Avena NM, Gold JA, Kroll C, Gold MS. Further developments in the neurobiology of food and addiction: Update on the state of the science. Nutrition. 2012;28:341–3.
15. Avena NM, Rada P, Hoebel BG. Evidence for sugar addiction: Behavioral and neurochemical effects of intermittent, excessive sugar intake. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2008;32:20–39.
16. Swinburn BA, Sacks G, Hall MD, McPherson K, Finegood DT, Moodie ML, et al. The global obesity pandemic: shaped by global drivers and local environments. Lancet. 2011;378:804–14.
17. Gold MS, Graham NA, Cocores JA, Nixon SA. Food addiction? J Addict Med. 2009;3:42–4.
18. Gearhardt AN, Davis C, Kuschner R, Brownell KD. The addiction potential of hyperpalatable foods. Curr Drug Abuse Rev. 2011;4:140–5.
19. Meule A. How prevalent is “food addiction”? Front Psychiatry. 2011;2:1–4. Brief review of prevalence and assessment of food addiction in youth and adults.
20. Smith DG, Robbins TW. The neurological underpinnings of obesity and binge eating: a rationale for adopting the food addiction model. Biol Psychiatry. 2013;73:804–10. Provides a review of neurological and behavioral traits related to food addiction.
21. Avena NM, Gold MS. Food and addiction—sugars, fats, and hedonic overeating. Addiction. 2011;107:1214–5.
22. Gearhardt AN, Grilo CM, DiLeone RJ, Brownell KD, Potenza MN. Can food be addictive? Public health and policy implications. Addiction. 2011;106:1208–12.
23. Rogers PJ. Obesity—is food addiction to blame? Addiction. 2011;107:1213–4.
24. Koob GF, Sanna PP, Bloom FE. Neuroscience of addiction. Neuron. 1998;21:467–76.
25. Davis C, Carter JC. Compulsive overeating as an addiction disorder: A review of theory and evidence. Appetite. 2009;53:1–8.
26. Gearhardt AN, Corbin WR, Brownell KD. Food addiction: an examination of the diagnostic criteria for dependence. J Addict Med. 2009;3:1–7.
27. Volkow ND, Wang GJ, Fowler JS, Telang F. Overlapping neuronal circuits in addition and obesity: evidence of systems pathology. Philos Transl Royal Soc B: Biol Sci. 2008;363:3191–200.
28. Holden C. ‘Behavioral’ addictions: Do they exist? Science. 2001;294:980–2.
29. Bardo MT, Donohew RL, Harrington NG. Psychobiology of novelty seeking and drug seeking behavior. Behav Brain Res. 1996;77:23–43.
30. Phillips PE, Stuber GD, Heien ML, Wightman RM, Carelli RM. Subsecond dopamine release promotes cocaine seeking. Nature. 2003;422:614–8.
31. Hodgekins CC, Cahill KS, Seaphine AE, Frost-Pineda K, Gold MS. Adolescent drug addiction treatment and weight gain. J Addict Disord. 2004;23:23–37.
32. Gold MS, Frost-Pineda K, Jacobs WS. Overeating, binge eating, and eating disorders as addictions. Psychiatr Ann. 2003;33:117–22.
33. Johnson PM, Kenny PJ. Dompamine D2 receptors in addiction-like reward dysfuction and compulsive eating in obese rats. Nat Neurosci. 2010;13:635–41.
34. Volkow ND, O’Brien CP. Issues for DSM-V: Should obesity be included as a brain disorder? Am J Psychophysology. 2007;25:38–9.
35. Gearhardt AN, White MA, Masheb RM, Morgan PT, Crosby RD, Grilo CM. An examination of the food addiction construct in obese patients with binge eating disorder. Int J Eat Disord. 2012;45:657–63. Study demonstrating the convergent and incremental validity and internal consistency of an established adult measure of food addiction, the Yale Food Addiction Scale, in youth.
36. Merlo LJ, Klingman C, Malasanos TH, Silverstein JH. Exploration of food addiction in pediatric patients. J Addict Med. 2009;3:26–32. Investigated presence of food addiction symptoms in 50 youth between ages 8 and 19. Demonstrated food addiction symptoms were related to overeating, emotional/uncontrolled eating, preoccupation with food, and distorted body image.
37. Pretlow RA. Addiction to highly pleasurable food as a cause of the childhood obesity epidemic: A qualitative internet study. Eat Disord. 2011;19:295–307. Examined youth (ages 8–21) responses on internet bulletin boards and chat rooms associated with an online intervention for youth who are overweight. A significant proportion of youth endorsed symptoms of substance dependence when describing their relationship to highly pleasurable foods.
38. American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—DSM-IV-TR. 4th ed. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association; 2000.
39. Gearhardt AN, Corbin WR, Brownell KD. Preliminary validation of the Yale Food Addiction Scale. Appetite. 2009;52:430–6.
40. Gearhardt AN, White MA, Masheb RM, Grilo CM. An examination of food addiction in a racially diverse sample of obese patients with binge eating disorder in primary care settings. Compr Psychiatry. 2013;54:500–5.
41. American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—DSM-V. 5th ed. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association; 2013.
42. Gearhardt AN, Roberto CA, Seamans MJ, Corbin WR, Brownell KD. Preliminary validation of the Yale Food Addiction Scale for children. Eat Behav. 2013;14:508–12.
43. Ogden, C., & Carroll, M. (2010). Prevalence of obesity among children and adolescents: United States, trends 1963–1965 through 2007–2008. Retrieved from Centers for Disease Control and Prevention website: http://www.cdc.gov/obesity/data/childhood.html
44. Acosta MC, Manubay J, Levin FR. Pediatric obesity: parallels with addiction and treatment recommendations. Harvard Rev Psychiatry. 2008;16:80–96.
45. Prochaska J, DiClemente C. Stages of change in the modification of problem behaviors. Prog Behav Modif. 1992;28:183–218.
46. Wilson GT, Grilo CM, Vitousek KM. Psychological treatments of eating disorders. Am Psychol. 2007;72:199–216.
47. Michael JC, Belendiuk KA, Kuchera AM, Rofey DL. Cognitive behavioral therapy for weight management. Behav Ther. 2013;36:28–38.
48. Miller WR, Rollnick S. Motivational interviewing: Preparing people for change. 2nd ed. New York: Guilford Press; 2002.
49. Dunn EC, Neighbors C, Larimer ME. Motivational enhancement therapy and self-help treatment for binge eaters. Psychol Addict Behav. 2006;20:44–52.
50. Wilson GT. Psychological treatment of eating disorders. Annu Rev Clin Psychol. 2005;1:439–65.
51. Mehlenbeck RS, Wember YM. Motivational interviewing and pediatric obesity. In: Jelalian E, Steele RG, editors. Handbook of Childhood and Adolescent Obesity. New York: Springer Science and Business Media; 2008. p. 405–24.
52. Walpole B, Dettmer E, Morrongiello BA, McCrindle BW, Hamilton J. Motivational interviewing to enhance self-efficacy and promote weight loss in overweight and obese adolescents. J Pediatr Psychol. 2013;38:944–53.
53. Kelly JF, Urbanoski K. Youth recovery contexts: the incremental effects of 12-step attendance and involvement on adolescent outpatient outcomes. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2012;36:1219–29.
54. Waters E, de Silva-Sanigorski A, Burford BJ, Brown T, Campbell KJ, Gao Y, et al. Interventions for preventing obesity in children (review). Cochrane Collab. 2011;12:1–212.
55. Wilfley DE, Kolko RP, Kass AE. Cognitive-behavioral therapy for weight management and eating disorders in children and adolescents. Child Adolesc Psychiatr Clin N Am. 2011;20:271–85.
56. Stice E, Shaw H, Marti CN. A meta-analytic review of obesity prevention programs for children and adolescents: the skinny on interventions that work. Psychol Bull. 2006;132:667–91.