Telephone triage for management of same-day consultation requests in general practice (the ESTEEM trial): A clusterrandomised controlled trial and cost-consequence analysis

The Lancet

Volumn 384, Issue 9957, 2014, Pages 1859-1868

  Campbell, John L ^a   Fletcher, Emily ^a   Britten, Nicky ^a   Green, Colin ^a   Holt, Tim A ^b   Lattimer, Valerie ^c   Richards, David A ^a   Richards, Suzanne H ^a   Salisbury, Chris ^d   Calitri, Raff ^a   Bowyer, Vicky ^e   Chaplin, Katherine ^d   Kandiyali, Rebecca ^a   Murdoch, Jamie ^c   Roscoe, Julia ^e   Varley, Anna ^c   Warren, Fiona C ^a   Taylor, Rod S ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF EXETER MEDICAL SCHOOL   (United Kingdom)

^b UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD   (United Kingdom)

^c UNIVERSITY OF EAST ANGLIA   (United Kingdom)

^d UNIVERSITY OF BRISTOL   (United Kingdom)

^e UNIVERSITY OF WARWICK   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ACCIDENT; ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AGED; ALGORITHM; ARTICLE; CONSULTATION; CONTROLLED STUDY; COST; DEATH; ECONOMIC EVALUATION; EMERGENCY CARE; EMERGENCY HEALTH SERVICE; EMERGENCY WARD; GENERAL PRACTICE; GENERAL PRACTITIONER; HUMAN; INTENTION TO TREAT ANALYSIS; NURSE; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT; PATIENT; PRACTICE GUIDELINE; PRIMARY MEDICAL CARE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; SCIENTIST; TELEPHONE TRIAGE; UNITED KINGDOM; WORKLOAD; CHILD; CLINICAL TRIAL; CLUSTER ANALYSIS; COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS; COST CONTROL; ECONOMICS; FEMALE; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; MULTICENTER STUDY; NATIONAL HEALTH SERVICE; PATIENT REFERRAL; PRESCHOOL CHILD; PROCEDURES; REFERENCE VALUE; STATISTICS AND NUMERICAL DATA; TELEPHONE; TIME; UTILIZATION; YOUNG ADULT;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AGED; CHILD; CHILD, PRESCHOOL; CLUSTER ANALYSIS; COST SAVINGS; COST-BENEFIT ANALYSIS; FEMALE; GENERAL PRACTICE; GREAT BRITAIN; HUMANS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; REFERENCE VALUES; REFERRAL AND CONSULTATION; STATE MEDICINE; TELEPHONE; TIME FACTORS; TRIAGE; WORKLOAD; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 84925124395     PISSN: 01406736     EISSN: 1474547X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(14)61058-8     Document Type: Article

References (31)

1. Hippisley-Cox J, Vinogradova Y. Trends in consultation rates in general practice 1995/1996 to 2008/2009: analysis of the QResearch® database. September, 2009. http://www.hscic.gov. uk/catalogue/PUB01077/trencons-rate-gene-prac-95-09-95-09-rep. pdf (accessed July 17, 2014).
2. Stoddart H, Evans M, Peters TJ, Salisbury C. The provision of 'same-day' care in general practice: an observational study. Fam Pract 2003;20:41-47.
3. Richards DA, Meakins J, Tawfik J, et al. Nurse telephone triage for same day appointments in general practice: Multiple interrupted time series trial of effect on workload and costs. BMJ 2002;325:1214-17.
4. Lattimer V, George S, Thompson F, et al. Safety and effectiveness of nurse telephone consultation in out of hours primary care: randomised controlled trial. The South Wiltshire Out of Hours Project (SWOOP) Group. BMJ 1998;317:1054-59.
5. McKinstry B, Walker J, Campbell C, Heaney D, Wyke S. Telephone consultations to manage requests for same-day appointments: a randomised controlled trial in two practices. Br J Gen Pract 2002;52:306-10.
6. Jiwa M, Mathers N, Campbell M. The effect of GP telephone triage on numbers seeking same-day appointments. Br J Gen Pract 2002;52:390-91.
7. NHS Information Centre. GP workload survey 2007. 2008. http://www.ic.nhs.uk/pubs/gpworkload. (accessed June 6, 2014).
8. Mohammed MA, Clements G, Edwards E, Lester H. Factors which influence the length of an out-of-hours telephone consultation in primary care: a retrospective database study. BMC Health Serv Res 2012;12:430.
9. Campbell MK, Piaggio G, Elbourne DR, Altman DG. Consort 2010 statement: extension to cluster randomised trials. BMJ 2012;345:e5661.
10. Campbell JL, Britten N, Green C, et al. The effectiveness and costeffectiveness of telephone triage of patients requesting same day consultations in general practice: study protocol for a cluster randomised controlled trial comparing nurse-led and GP-led management systems (ESTEEM). Trials 2013;14:4.
11. UK Government. Indices of multiple deprivation 2010. 2013. https://www.gov. uk/government/publications/english-indices-ofdeprivation-2010 (accessed June 6, 2014).
12. Plain Healthcare. Odyssey clinical decision support software. 2008. http://www.plain. co.uk/index.php?option=com-content&task=view &id=20&Itemid=34 (accessed June 6, 2014).
13. Campbell JL, Britten N, Green C, et al. The effectiveness and costeffectiveness of telephone triage of patients requesting same day consultations in general practice: study protocol for a cluster randomised controlled trial comparing nurse-led and GP-led management systems (ESTEEM). HTA (in press).
14. GP Patient Survey. 2013. www.gp-patient.co.uk (accessed June 6, 2014).
15. Venning P, Durie A, Roland M, Roberts C, Leese B. Randomised controlled trial comparing cost effectiveness of general practitioners and nurse practitioners in primary care. BMJ 2000;320:1048-53.
16. Kinnersley P, Anderson E, Parry K, et al. Randomised controlled trial of nurse practitioner versus general practitioner care for patients requesting "same day" consultations in primary care. BMJ 2000;320:1043-48.
17. EuroQol group. EuroQol-a new facility for the measurement of health-related quality of life. Health Policy 1990;16:199-208.
18. White IM, Royston P, Wood AM. Multiple imputations using chained equations: Issues and guidance for practice. Stat Med 2011;30:377-99.
19. Curtis L. Unit costs of health and social care 2012. University of Kent at Canterbury: PSSRU, 2012.
20. National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE). Assessing cost impact: methods guide. London, UK: NICE, 2011.
21. Craig D, Rice S. CRD Report 6: NHS economic evaluation database handbook. York, UK: Centre for Reviews and Dissemination, 2007.
22. Salisbury C, Montgomery AA, Simons L, et al. Impact of Advanced Access on access, workload, and continuity: controlled before-andafter and simulated-patient study. Br J Gen Pract 2007;57:608-14.
23. NHS Institute for Innovation and Improvement. Stour Access System: a new way to manage GP appointments. Better for GPs, better for patients, better all-round. 2008. http://www.institute.nhs. uk/care-outside-hospital/care/finding-supporting-knowledge-and-information.html (accessed June 6, 2014).
24. McKinstry B, Hammersley V, Burton C, et al. The quality, safety and content of telephone and face-to-face consultations: a comparative study. Qual Saf Health Care 2010;19:298-303.
25. Richards DA, Meakins J, Tawfik J, Godfrey L, Dutton E, Heywood P. Quality monitoring of nurse telephone triage: pilot study. J Adv Nurs 2004;47:551-60.
26. Zhou Y, Abel G, Warren F, Roland M, Campbell J, Lyratzopolous G. Do difficulties in accessing in-hours primary care predict higher use of out-of-hours GP services? Evidence from an English National patient survey. Emerg Med J 2014; published online May 21. DOI:10.1136/emermed-2013-203451.
27. Bunn F, Byrne G, Kendall S. Telephone consultation and triage: effects on health care use and patient satisfaction. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2009;4:CD004180.
28. Gallagher M, Huddart T, Henderson B. Telephone triage of acute illness by a practice nurse in general practice: outcomes of care. Br J Gen Pract 1998;48:1141-45.
29. Patient Access. 2013. http://www.patient-access.org.uk (accessed June 6, 2014).
30. Productive Primary Care. 2013. http://www.productiveprimarycare. co.uk (accessed June 6, 2014).
31. Campbell J, Smith P, Nissen S, Bower P, Elliott M, Roland M. The GP Patient Survey for use in primary care in the National Health Service in the UK-development and psychometric characteristics. BMC Fam Pract 2009;10:5 7.