HIV testing and linkage to services for youth

Journal of the International AIDS Society

Volumn 18, Issue 2, 2015, Pages 23-28

  Kurth, Ann E ^a   Lally, Michelle A ^b,c   Choko, Augustine T ^d   Inwani, Irene W ^e   Fortenberry, J Dennis ^f  

^a NEW YORK UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b Lifespan Hospital System   (United States)

^c BROWN UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^d MALAWI LIVERPOOL WELLCOME TRUST CLINICAL RESEARCH PROGRAMME   (Malawi)

^e KENYATTA NATIONAL HOSPITAL   (Kenya)

^f INDIANA UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Adolescents; Development.; HIV continuum of care; HIV testing; Key populations; Youth

Indexed keywords

ADOLESCENT; CASE STUDY; CHILD; CHILD HEALTH CARE; HEALTH CARE POLICY; HIV EDUCATION; HIV TEST; HUMAN; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTION; INFECTION PREVENTION; JUVENILE; KENYA; PARENTAL CONSENT; PRIMARY PREVENTION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; SECONDARY PREVENTION; VULNERABLE POPULATION; ADULT; FEMALE; HEALTH SERVICE; HIV INFECTIONS; MALE; YOUNG ADULT;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; CHILD; FEMALE; HEALTH SERVICES; HIV INFECTIONS; HUMANS; KENYA; MALE; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 84924308495     PISSN: None     EISSN: 17582652     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.7448/IAS.18.2.19433     Document Type: Review

References (79)

1. UNAIDS. Fact Sheet: UNAIDS's vision: zero new HIV infections. Zero discrimination. Zero AIDS-related deaths [Internet]. 2012 [cited 2015 Jan 29]. Available from: http://www.unaids.org/en/media/unaids/contentassets/documents/ factsheet/2012/20120417-FS-adolescentsyoungpeoplehiv-en.pdf
2. Idele P, Gillespie A, Porth T, Suzuki C, Mahy M, Kasedde S, et al. Epidemiology of HIV and AIDS among adolescents: current status, inequities, and data gaps. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2014;66(Suppl 2):S144-53.
3. UNICEF. Opportunity in Crisis: preventing HIV from early adolescence to young adulthood [Internet]. 2011 [cited 2015 Jan 29]. Available from: http:// www.unicef.org/publications/files/Opportunity-in-Crisis-Report-EN-052711.pdf
4. Peralta L, Deeds BG, Hipszer S, Ghalib K. Barriers and facilitators to adolescent HIV testing. AIDS Patient Care STDS. 2007;21(6):400-8.
5. Kann L, Kinchen S, Shanklin SL, Flint KH, Kawkins J, Harris WA, et al. Youth risk behavior surveillance-United States, 2013. MMWR Surveill Summ. 2014;63(Suppl 4):1-168.
6. Hull MW, Wu Z, Montaner JS. Optimizing the engagement of care cascade: a critical step to maximize the impact of HIV treatment as prevention. Curr Opin HIV AIDS. 2012;7(6):579-86.
7. Committee on Pediatric AIDS, Emmanuel PJ, Martinez J. Adolescents and HIV infection: the pediatrician's role in promoting routine testing. Pediatrics. 2011;128(5):1023-9.
8. Mill JE, Jackson RC, Worthington CA, Archibald CP, Wong T, Myers T, et al. HIV testing and care in Canadian Aboriginal youth: a community based mixed methods study. BMC Infect Dis. 2008;8:132.
9. Berendes S, Rimal RN. Addressing the slow uptake of HIV testing in Malawi: the role of stigma, self-efficacy, and knowledge in the Malawi BRIDGE Project. J Assoc Nurses AIDS Care. 2011;22(3):215-28.
10. Leonard NR, Rajan S, Gwadz MV, Aregbesola T. HIV testing patterns among urban YMSM of color. Health Educ Behav. 2014;41(6):673-81.
11. Cohen MS, Shaw GM, McMichael AJ, Haynes BF. Acute HIV-1 infection. N Engl J Med. 2011;364(20):1943-54.
12. Branson BM, Owen SM, Wesolowski LG, Bennett B, Werner BG, Wroblewski KE, et al. Laboratory testing for the diagnosis of HIV infection: updated recommendations. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and Association of Public Health Laboratories [Internet]. 2014 [cited 2015 Jan 29]. Available from: http://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/23447
13. Philbin MM, Tanner AE, DuVal A, Ellen JM, Xu J, Kapogiannis B, et al. Factors affecting linkage to care and engagement in care for newly diagnosed HIV-positive adolescents within fifteen adolescent medicine clinics in the United States. AIDS Behav. 2014;18(8):1501-10.
14. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Guidelines for the use of antiretroviral agents in HIV-1-infected adults and adolescents. US Department of Health and Human Services. Panel on Antiretroviral Guidelines for Adults and Adolescents-A Working Group of the Office of AIDS Research Advisory Council. 2014 [cited 2015 Jan 30]. Available from: http://aidsinfo.nih.gov/ guidelines/html/1/adult-and-adolescent-treatment-guidelines/0
15. Cohen MS, Chen YQ, McCauley M, Gamble T, Hosseinipour MC, Kumarasamy N, et al. Prevention of HIV-1 infection with early antiretroviral therapy. N Engl J Med. 2011;365(6):493-505.
16. Lamb MR, Fayorsey R, Nuwagaba-Biribonwoha H, Viola V, Mutabazi V, Alwar T, et al. High attrition before and after ART initiation among youth (15-24 years of age) enrolled in HIV care. AIDS. 2014;28(4):559-68.
17. Belzer ME, Naar-King S, Olson J, Sarr M, Thornton S, Kahana SY, et al. The use of cell phone support for non-adherent HIV-infected youth and young adults: an initial randomized and controlled intervention trial. AIDS Behav. 2014;18(4):686-96.
18. Calderon Y, Cowan E, Nickerson J, Mathew S, Fettig J, Rosenberg M, et al. Educational effectiveness of an HIV pretest video for adolescents: a randomized controlled trial. Pediatrics. 2011;127(5):911-6.
19. Choko AT. 2014. Age-stratified subanalysis of data from large HIV self-testing. In: Choko AT, Desmond N,Webb EL, et al., editors, The uptake and accuracy of oral kits for HIV self-testing in high HIV prevalence setting: a cross-sectional feasibility study in Blantyre, Malawi. PLOS Med. 2011;8(10):e1001102.
20. Poulin M. Sex, money, and premarital partnerships in southern Malawi. Soc Sci Med. 2007;65(11):2383-93.
21. Kenya MoH. Kenya HIV prevention revolution road map [Internet]. 2014 [cited 2015 Jan 29]. Available from: http://www.nacc.or.ke/attachments/ article/418/Kenya-HIV-Prevention-Revolution-Road-Map.pdf
22. Peltzer K, Matseke G. Determinants of HIV testing among young people aged 18-24 years in South Africa. Afr Health Sci. 2013;13(4):1012-20.
23. Sommer M. An overlooked priority: puberty in sub-Saharan Africa. Am J Public Health. 2011;101(6):979-81.
24. Malisha L, Maharaj P, Rogan M. Rites of passage to adulthood: traditional initiation schools in the context of HIV/AIDS in the Limpopo Province, South Africa. Health Risk Soc. 2008;10(6):585-98.
25. Munthali AC, Zulu EM. The timing and role of initiation rites in preparing young people for adolescence and responsible sexual and reproductive behaviour in Malawi. Afr J Reprod Health. 2007;11(3):150-67.
26. Skinner J, Underwood C, Schwandt H, Magombo A.Transitions to adulthood: examining the influence of initiation rites on the HIV risk of adolescent girls in Mangochi and Thyolo districts of Malawi. AIDS Care. 2013;25(3):296-301.
27. Mudege NN, Egondi T, Beguy D, Zulu EM. The determinants of female circumcision among adolescents from communities that practice female circumcision in two Nairobi informal settlements. Health Soc Rev. 2012;21(2): 240-8.
28. Martinez Perez G, Namulondo H, Tomas Aznar C. Labia minora elongation as understood by Baganda male and female adolescents in Uganda. Cult Health Sex. 2013;15(10):1191-205.
29. Corduk N, Unlu G, Sarioglu-Buke A, Buber A, Savran B, Zencir M. Knowledge, attitude and behaviour of boys and parents about circumcision. Acta Paediatr. 2013;102(4):e169-73.
30. Morgan EM. Contemporary issues in sexual orientation and identity development in emerging adulthood. Emerg Adulthood. 2013;1:52-66.
31. Mustanski B, Birkett M, Greene GJ, Rosario M, Bostwick W, Everett BG. The association between sexual orientation identity and behavior across race/ ethnicity, sex, and age in a probability sample of high school students. Am J Public Health. 2014;104(2):237-44.
32. Secor-Turner M, Sieving R, Eisenberg ME, Skay C. Associations between sexually experienced adolescents' sources of information about sex and sexual risk outcomes. Sex Educ. 2011;11(4):489-500.
33. Tu W, Batteiger BE, Wiehe S, Ofner S, Van Der Pol B, Katz BP, et al. Time from first intercourse to first sexually transmitted infection diagnosis among adolescent women. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2009;163(12):1106-11.
34. Young BJ, Furman W, Jones MC. Changes in adolescents' risk factors following peer sexual coercion: evidence for a feedback loop. Dev Psychopathol. 2012;24(2):559-71.
35. Decker MR, Miller E, McCauley HL, Tancredi DJ, Anderson H, Levenson RR, et al. Recent partner violence and sexual and drug-related STI/HIV risk among adolescent and young adult women attending family planning clinics. Sex Transm Infect. 2014;90(2):145-9.
36. Miller E, Decker MR, Raj A, Reed E, Marable D, Silverman JG. Intimate partner violence and health care-seeking patterns among female users of urban adolescent clinics. Matern Child Health J. 2010;14(6):910-7.
37. Lindberg LD, Santelli JS, Singh S. Changes in formal sex education: 1995-2002. Perspect Sex Reprod Health. 2006;38(4):182-9.
38. Ott MA, Santelli JS. Abstinence and abstinence-only education. Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol. 2007;19(5):446-52.
39. Santelli JS. Medical accuracy in sexuality education: ideology and the scientific process. Am J Public Health. 2008;98(10):1786-92.
40. Lindberg LD, Maddow-Zimet I. Consequences of sex education on teen and young adult sexual behaviors and outcomes. J Adolesc Health. 2012; 51(4):332-8.
41. Vivancos R, Abubakar I, Phillips-Howard P, Hunter PR. School-based sex education is associated with reduced risky sexual behaviour and sexually transmitted infections in young adults. Public Health. 2013;127(1):53-7.
42. Hall KS, Moreau C, Trussell J. Associations between sexual and reproductive health communication and health service use among U.S. adolescent women. Perspect Sex Reprod Health. 2012;44(1):6-12.
43. Bleakley A, Hennessy M, Fishbein M, Jordan A. How sources of sexual information relate to adolescents' beliefs about sex. Am J Health Behav. 2009;33(1):37-48.
44. Jones RK, Biddlecom AE. Is the internet filling the sexual health information gap for teens? An exploratory study. J Health Commun. 2011; 16(2):112-23.
45. Lagus KA, Bernat DH, Bearinger LH, Resnick MD, Eisenberg ME. Parental perspectives on sources of sex information for young people. J Adolesc Health. 2011;49(1):87-9.
46. Parker R, Ratzan SC. Health literacy: a second decade of distinction for Americans. J Health Commun. 2010;15(Suppl 2):20-33.
47. Mavedzenge SN, Luecke E, Ross DA. Effective approaches for programming to reduce adolescent vulnerability to HIV infection, HIV risk, and HIV-related morbidity and mortality: a systematic review of systematic reviews. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2014;66(Suppl 2):S154-69.
48. Meyerson B, Barnes P, Emetu R, Bailey M, Ohmit A, Gillespie A. Institutional and structural barriers to HIV testing: elements for a theoretical framework. AIDS Patient Care STDS. 2014;28(1):22-7.
49. Pant Pai N, Sharma J, Shivkumar S, Pillay S, Vadnais C, Joseph L, et al. Supervised and unsupervised self-testing for HIV in high- and low-risk populations: a systematic review. PLoS Med. 2013;10(4):e1001414.
50. Johnson SB, Blum RW, Giedd JN. Adolescent maturity and the brain: the promise and pitfalls of neuroscience research in adolescent health policy. J Adolesc Health. 2009;45(3):216-21.
51. Iltis AS. Introduction: vulnerability in biomedical research. J Law Med Ethics. 2009;37(1):6-11.
52. Miller BB, Cox DN, Saewyc EM. Age of sexual consent law in Canada: population-based evidence for law and policy. Can J Human Sexuality. 2010; 19(3):105-19.
53. Oudekerk BA, Guarnera LA, Reppucci ND. Older opposite-sex romantic partners, sexual risk, and victimization in adolescence. Child Abuse Negl. 2014;38(7):1238-48.
54. Parikh SA. "They arrested me for loving a schoolgirl": ethnography, HIV, and a feminist assessment of the age of consent law as a gender-based structural intervention in Uganda. Soc Sci Med. 2012;74(11):1774-82.
55. Coleman DL, Rosoff PM. The legal authority of mature minors to consent to general medical treatment. Pediatrics. 2013;131(4):786-93.
56. rd ed. Chapel Hill, NC: Center for Health and the Law; 2010.
57. WHO. HIV and adolescents: guidance for HIV testing and counselling and care for adolescents living with HIV. Geneva: WHO; 2013.
58. Earnshaw VA, Smith LR, Chaudoir SR, Amico KR, Copenhaver MM. HIV stigma mechanisms and well-being among PLWH: a test of the HIV stigma framework. AIDS Behav. 2013;17(5):1785-95.
59. Nelson RM, Lewis LL, Struble K, Wood SF. Ethical and regulatory considerations for the inclusion of adolescents in HIV biomedical prevention research. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2010;54(Suppl 1):S18-24.
60. Fortenberry JD, Martinez J, Rudy BJ, Monte D, Adolescent Trials Network for HIVAI. Linkage to care for HIV-positive adolescents: a multisite study of the adolescent medicine trials units of the adolescent trials network. J Adolesc Health. 2012;51(6):551-6.
61. Fortenberry JD. Health care seeking behaviors related to sexually transmitted diseases among adolescents. Am J Public Health. 1997;87(3):417-20.
62. Nadal KL. That's so Gay! Microaggressions and the Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Community. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association; 2013.
63. Massey P, Prelip M, Calimlim B, Afifi A, Quiter E, Nessim S, et al. Findings toward a multidimensional measure of adolescent health literacy. Am J Health Behav. 2013;37(3):342-50.
64. Tylee A, Haller DM, Graham T, Churchill R, Sanci LA. Youth-friendly primarycare services: how are we doing and what more needs to be done? Lancet. 2007;369(9572):1565-73.
65. Futterman DC, Peralta L, Rudy BJ, Wolfson S, Guttmacher S, Rogers AS. The ACCESS (Adolescents Connected to Care, Evaluation, and Special Services) project: social marketing to promote HIV testing to adolescents, methods and first year results from a six city campaign. J Adolesc Health. 2001; 29(Suppl 3):19-29.
66. Zanoni BC, Mayer KH. The adolescent and young adult HIV cascade of care in the United States: exaggerated health disparities. AIDS Patient Care STDS. 2014;28(3):128-35.
67. Kapogiannis BG, Legins KE, Chandan U, Lee S. Evidence-based programming for adolescent HIV prevention and care: operational research to inform best practices. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2014;66(Suppl 2):S228-35.
68. Coeytaux K, Kramer MR, Sullivan PS. HIV testing among United States high school students at the state and national level, Youth Risk Behavior Survey 2005-2011. Springerplus. 2014;3:202.
69. Godia PM, Olenja JM, Lavussa JA, Quinney D, Hofman JJ, van den Broek N. Sexual reproductive health service provision to young people in Kenya; health service providers' experiences. BMC Health Serv Res. 2013;13:476.
70. MacPhail CL, Pettifor A, Coates T, Rees H. "You must do the test to know your status": attitudes to HIV voluntary counseling and testing for adolescents among South African youth and parents. Health Educ Behav. 2008;35(1): 87-104.
71. Renju J, Andrew B, Nyalali K, Kishamawe C, Kato C, Changalucha J, et al. A process evaluation of the scale up of a youth-friendly health services initiative in northern Tanzania. J Int AIDS Soc. 2010;13:32.
72. Parker L, Maman S, Pettifor A, Chalachala JL, Edmonds A, Golin CE, et al. Barriers to provider-delivered sexual behavior counseling for youth living with HIV/AIDS in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. J HIV AIDS Soc Serv. 2013; 12(3-4):1-15.
73. Mathews C, Guttmacher SJ, Flisher AJ, Mtshizana YY, Nelson T, McCarthy J, et al. The quality of HIV testing services for adolescents in Cape Town, South Africa: do adolescent-friendly services make a difference? J Adolesc Health. 2009;44(2):188-90.
74. Ntsepe Y, Simbayi LC, Shisana O, Rehle T, Mabaso M, Ncitakalo N, et al. Perceptions about the acceptability and prevalence of HIV testing and factors influencing them in different communities in South Africa. SAHARA J. 2014; 11:138-47.
75. Shaw D. Access to sexual and reproductive health for young people: bridging the disconnect between rights and reality. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2009;106(2):132-6.
76. Hainsworth G, Engel DM, Simon C, Rahimtoola M, Ghiron LJ. Scale-up of adolescent contraceptive services: lessons from a 5-country comparative analysis. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2014;66(Suppl 2):S200-8.
77. Laski L,Wong S. Addressing diversity in adolescent sexual and reproductive health services. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2010;110(Suppl):S10-12.
78. Deogan C, Ferguson J, Stenberg K. Resource needs for adolescent friendly health services: estimates for 74 low- and middle-income countries. PLoS One. 2012;7(12):e51420.
79. Naidoo P, Chirinda W, McHunu G, Swartz S, Anderson J. Social and structural factors associated with vulnerability to HIV infection among young adults in South Africa. Psychol Health Med. 2014;19:1-11. [Epub ahead of print].