Reversible increase in maximal cortisol secretion rate in septic shock

Critical Care Medicine

Volumn 43, Issue 3, 2015, Pages 549-556

  Dorin, Richard I ^a,b   Qualls, Clifford R ^c   Torpy, David J ^d   Schrader, Ronald M ^c   Urban, Frank K ^e  

^a NEW MEXICO VA HEALTH CARE SYSTEM   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF NEW MEXICO SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF NEW MEXICO   (United States)

^d ROYAL ADELAIDE HOSPITAL   (Australia)

^e Florida International University   (United States)

Author keywords

Adrenal cortex; Computer assisted; Cosyntropin; Hydrocortisone; Metabolic clearance rate; Numerical analysis; Sepsis; Septic; Shock

Indexed keywords

ALBUMIN; CORTICOTROPIN; HYDROCORTISONE; TETRACOSACTIDE; TRANSCORTIN; SERUM ALBUMIN;

ADRENAL CORTEX FUNCTION; ADULT; AGE; APACHE; ARTICLE; COMPUTER ASSISTED NUMERICAL MODELING; CONTROLLED STUDY; DILUTION; FEMALE; GENDER; HALF LIFE TIME; HOSPITAL DISCHARGE; HUMAN; HYDROCORTISONE RELEASE; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MEASUREMENT ERROR; METHODOLOGY; MORTALITY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS; SEPSIS; SEPTIC SHOCK; SURVIVOR; ADRENAL CORTEX; AGED; BLOOD; CRITICAL ILLNESS; METABOLISM; MIDDLE AGED; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; SECRETION (PROCESS); UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL; VERY ELDERLY;

ACADEMIC MEDICAL CENTERS; ADRENAL CORTEX; ADULT; AGED; AGED, 80 AND OVER; COSYNTROPIN; CRITICAL ILLNESS; FEMALE; HUMANS; HYDROCORTISONE; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; SEPSIS; SERUM ALBUMIN; SHOCK, SEPTIC; TRANSCORTIN;

EID: 84924259371     PISSN: 00903493     EISSN: 15300293     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/CCM.0000000000000721     Document Type: Article

References (36)

1. Marik PE, Pastores SM, Annane D, et al; American College of Critical Care Medicine: Recommendations for the diagnosis and management of corticosteroid insufficiency in critically ill adult patients: Consensus statements from an international task force by the American College of Critical Care Medicine. Crit Care Med 2008; 36:1937-1949
2. Boonen E, Vervenne H, Meersseman P, et al: Reduced cortisol metabolism during critical illness. N Engl J Med 2013; 368:1477-1488
3. Boonen E, Meersseman P, Vervenne H, et al: Reduced nocturnal ACTH-driven cortisol secretion during critical illness. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2014; 306:E883-E892
4. Annane D, Sébille V, Troché G, et al: A 3-level prognostic classification in septic shock based on cortisol levels and cortisol response to corticotropin. JAMA 2000; 283:1038-1045
5. Annane D, Sébille V, Charpentier C, et al: Effect of treatment with low doses of hydrocortisone and fludrocortisone on mortality in patients with septic shock. JAMA 2002; 288:862-871
6. Sprung CL, Annane D, Keh D, et al; CORTICUS Study Group: Hydrocortisone therapy for patients with septic shock. N Engl J Med 2008; 358:111-124
7. Annane D, Bellissant E: Prognostic value of cortisol response in septic shock. JAMA 2000; 284:308-309
8. Jung B, Nougaret S, Chanques G, et al: The absence of adrenal gland enlargement during septic shock predicts mortality: A computed tomography study of 239 patients. Anesthesiology 2011; 115:334-343
9. Moreno R, Sprung CL, Annane D, et al: Time course of organ failure in patients with septic shock treated with hydrocortisone: Results of the Corticus study. Intensive Care Med 2011; 37:1765-1772
10. Marik PE: Critical illness-related corticosteroid insufficiency. Chest 2009; 135:181-193
11. Dorin RI, Qiao Z, Qualls CR, et al: Estimation of maximal cortisol secretion rate in healthy humans. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2012; 97:1285-1293
12. Dorin RI, Qualls CR, Crapo LM: Diagnosis of adrenal insufficiency. Ann Intern Med 2003; 139:194-204
13. Landon J, Wynn V, James VH, et al: Adrenal response to infused corticotropin in subjects receiving glucocorticoids. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1965; 25:602-611
14. Thorn GW, Goetz FC, Streeten DH, et al: Use of the intravenous ACTH test in clinical practice. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1953; 13:604-613.
15. Ho JT, Al-Musalhi H, Chapman MJ, et al: Septic shock and sepsis: A comparison of total and free plasma cortisol levels. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2006; 91:105-114
16. Mendel CM, Miller MB, Siiteri PK, et al: Rates of dissociation of steroid and thyroid hormones from human serum albumin. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 1990; 37:245-250
17. Stroupe SD, Harding GB, Forsthoefel MW, et al: Kinetic and equilibrium studies on steroid interaction with human corticosteroid-binding globulin. Biochemistry 1978; 17:177-182
18. Westphal U. Steroid-Protein Interactions. New York, Springer-Verlag, 1971
19. Dorin RI, Pai HK, Ho JT, et al: Validation of a simple method of estimating plasma free cortisol: Role of cortisol binding to albumin. Clin Biochem 2009; 42:64-71
20. Arafah BM: Hypothalamic pituitary adrenal function during critical illness: Limitations of current assessment methods. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2006; 91:3725-3745
21. Bornstein SR, Licinio J, Tauchnitz R, et al: Plasma leptin levels are increased in survivors of acute sepsis: Associated loss of diurnal rhythm, in cortisol and leptin secretion. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1998; 83:280-283
22. Voerman HJ, Strack van Schijndel RJ, Groeneveld AB, et al: Pulsatile hormone secretion during severe sepsis: Accuracy of different blood sampling regimens. Metabolism 1992; 41:934-940
23. Keenan DM, Roelfsema F, Carroll BJ, et al: Sex defines the age dependence of endogenous ACTH-cortisol dose responsiveness. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2009; 297:R515-R523
24. Purnell JQ, Brandon DD, Isabelle LM, et al: Association of 24-hour cortisol production rates, cortisol-binding globulin, and plasma-free cortisol levels with body composition, leptin levels, and aging in adult men and women. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2004; 89:281-287
25. Keenan DM, Roelfsema F, Veldhuis JD: Endogenous ACTH concentration-dependent drive of pulsatile cortisol secretion in the human. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2004; 287:E652-E661
26. Kraan GP, Dullaart RP, Pratt JJ, et al: Kinetics of intravenously dosed cortisol in four men. Consequences for calculation of the plasma cortisol production rate. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 1997; 63:139-146
27. Kraan GP, Dullaart RP, Pratt JJ, et al: The daily cortisol production reinvestigated in healthy men. The serum and urinary cortisol production rates are not significantly different. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1998; 83:1247-1252
28. Ulrich-Lai YM, Figueiredo HF, Ostrander MM, et al: Chronic stress induces adrenal hyperplasia and hypertrophy in a subregion-specific manner. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2006; 291:E965-E973
29. Picard-Hagen N, Gayrard V, Alvinerie M, et al: A nonlabeled method to evaluate cortisol production rate by modeling plasma CBG-free cortisol disposition. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2001; 281:E946-E956
30. Bright GM: Corticosteroid-binding globulin influences kinetic parameters of plasma cortisol transport and clearance. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1995; 80:770-775
31. Venkatesh B, Cohen J, Hickman I, et al: Evidence of altered cortisol metabolism in critically ill patients: A prospective study. Intensive Care Med 2007; 33:1746-1753
32. Melby JC, Spink, WW: Comparative studies on adrenal cortical function and cortisol metabolism in healthy adults and in patients with shock due to infection. J Clin Invest 1958; 37:1791-1798
33. Melby JC, Egdhal RH, Spink WW: Secretion and metabolism of cortisol after injection of endotoxin. J Lab Clin Med 1960;56:50-62
34. Oppert M, Reinicke A, Gräf KJ, et al: Plasma cortisol levels before and during "low-dose" hydrocortisone therapy and their relationship to hemodynamic improvement in patients with septic shock. Intensive Care Med 2000; 26:1747-1755
35. Dorin RI, Kearns PJ: High output circulatory failure in acute adrenal insufficiency. Crit Care Med 1988; 16:296-297
36. Werbel SS, Ober KP: Acute adrenal insufficiency. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am 1993; 22:303-328