The Southern Glacial Maximum 65,000 years ago and its Unfinished Termination

Quaternary Science Reviews

Volumn 114, Issue , 2015, Pages 52-60

  Schaefer, Joerg M ^a,b   Putnam, Aaron E ^a   Denton, George H ^c   Kaplan, Michael R ^a   Birkel, Sean ^c   Doughty, Alice M ^d   Kelley, Sam ^e   Barrell, David J A ^f   Finkel, Robert C ^g   Winckler, Gisela ^a,b   Anderson, Robert F ^a,b   Ninneman, Ulysses S ^h   Barker, Stephen ⁱ   Schwartz, Roseanne ^a   Andersen, Bjorn G ^j   Schluechter, Christian ^k  

^a International Research Institute for Climate and Society   (United States)

^b Columbia University Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences ^*  (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF MAINE   (United States)

^d VICTORIA UNIVERSITY OF WELLINGTON   (New Zealand)

^e UNIVERSITY AT BUFFALO   (United States)

^f GNS SCIENCE   (New Zealand)

^g UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^h UNIVERSITY OF BERGEN   (Norway)

ⁱ CARDIFF UNIVERSITY   (United Kingdom)

^j UNIVERSITY OF OSLO   (Norway)

^k UNIVERSITY OF BERN   (Switzerland)

more..

Author keywords

Cosmogenic nuclides; Ice ages; Last Glacial Maximum; Marine Isotope Stage 4; Moraines; Paleoclimate; Surface exposure dating; Terminations

Indexed keywords

CLIMATE CHANGE; EARTH (PLANET); EARTH ATMOSPHERE; GLACIERS; GREENHOUSE GASES; ICE; ISOTOPES; ORBITS;

COSMOGENIC NUCLIDES; ICE AGE; LAST GLACIAL MAXIMUM; MARINE ISOTOPE STAGES; MORAINES; PALEOCLIMATES; SURFACE EXPOSURE DATING; TERMINATIONS;

GLACIAL GEOLOGY;

CLIMATE VARIATION; GREENHOUSE GAS; ICE SHEET; LAST GLACIAL MAXIMUM; MELTWATER; ORBITAL FORCING; PLEISTOCENE; SIMULATION;

NEW ZEALAND;

EID: 84924086187     PISSN: 02773791     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2015.02.009     Document Type: Article

References (62)

1. Abe-Ouchi A., Saito F., Kawamura K., Raymo M.E., Okuno J.i., Takahashi K., Blatter H. Insolation-driven 100,000-year glacial cycles and hysteresis of ice-sheet volume. Nature 2013, 500:190-194.
2. Adkins J.F. The role of deep ocean circulation in setting glacial climates. Palaeoceanography 2013, 28. 10.1002/palo.20046.
3. Anderson B., Lawson W., Owens I., Goodsell B. Past and future mass balance of Ka Roimata o Hine Hukatere (Franz Josef Glacier). J.Glaciol. 2006, 52:597-608.
4. Anderson B., Mackintosh A. Temperature change is the major driver of late-glacial and Holocene glacier fluctuations in New Zealand. Geology 2006, 34:121-124.
5. Anderson B., Mackintosh A., Stumm D., George L., Kerr T., Winter-Billington A., Fitzsimons S. Climate sensitivity of a high-precipitation glacier in New Zealand. J.Glaciol. 2010, 56:114-128.
6. 2. Science 2009, 23:1443-1448.
7. Balco G., Stone J.O., Lifton N.A., Dunai T.J. Acomplete and easily accessible means of calculating surface exposure ages or erosion rates from Be-10 and Al-26 measurements. Quat. Geochronol. 2008, 3:174-195.
8. Barbante C., Barnola J.M., Becagli S., Beer J., Bigler M. One-to-one coupling of glacial climate variability in Greenland and Antarctica. Nature 2006, 444:195-198.
9. Barker S., Diz P. Timing of the descent into the last Ice Age determined by the bipolar seesaw. Paleoceanography 2014, 29:489-507.
10. Barker S., Diz P., Vautravers M.J., Pike J., Knorr G. Interhemispheric Atlantic seesaw response during the last deglaciation. Nature 2009, 457:1097-1102.
11. Barrell D.J.A. The Balmoral moraines near Lake Pukaki, Southern Alps: a new reference area for the early Otira Glaciation in New Zealand. N.Z. J. Geol. Geophys. 2014, 57:442-452.
12. 2 variability during the last glacial cycle associated with a bipolar marine carbon seesaw. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 2012, 109:9755-9760.
13. Burrows C.J. Julius Haast in the Southern Alps 2005, 215. Canterbury University Press, Christchurch, New Zealand.
14. Chapman M.R., Shackleton N.J. Millennial-scale fluctuations in North Atlantic heat flux during the last 150,000 years. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 1998, 159:57-70.
15. Cheng H., Edwards R.L., Broecker W.S., Denton G.H., Kong X.G., Wang Y.J., Zhang R., Wang X.F. Ice age terminations. Science 2009, 326:248-252.
16. Clark P.U., Dyke A.S., Shakun J.D., Carlson A.E., Clark J., Wohlfarth B., Mitrovica J.X., Hostetler S.W., McCabe A.M. The Last Glacial Maximum. Science 2009, 325:710-714.
17. Cutler K.B., Edwards R.L., Taylor F.W., Cheng H., Adkins J., Gallup C.D., Cutler P.M., Burr G.S., Bloom A.L. Rapid sea-level fall and deep-ocean temperature change since the last interglacial period. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 2003, 206:253-271.
18. Denton G.H., Anderson R.F., Toggweiler J.R., Edwards R.L., Schaefer J.M., Putnam A. The last glacial termination. Science 2010, 328:1652-1656.
19. Denton G.H., Hughes T.J. The Last Great Ice Sheets 1981, 484. Wiley.
20. Deplazes G., Luckge A., Peterson L.C., Timmermann A., Hamann Y., Hughen K.A., Rohl U., Laj C., Cane M.A., Sigman D.M., Haug G.H. Links between tropical rainfall and North Atlantic climate during the last glacial period. Nat. Geosci. 2013, 6:213-217.
21. Dorale J.A., Onac B.P., Fornós J.J., Ginés J., Ginés A., Tuccimei P., Peate D.W. Sea-level highstand 81,000 years ago in Mallorca. Science 2010, 327:860-863.
22. Drost F., Renwick J., Bhaskaran B., Oliver H., McGregor J. Asimulation of New Zealand's climate during the Last Glacial Maximum. Quat. Sci. Rev. 2007, 26:2505-2525.
23. 18O for the Southern Ocean over the past 440kyr based on Mg/Ca of benthic foraminiferal Uvigerina spp. Quat. Sci. Rev. 2010, 29:160-169.
24. EPICA community members Eight glacial cycles from an Antarctic ice core. Nature 2004, 429:623-628.
25. Fastook J.L., Head J.W., Marchant D.R., Forget F. Tropical mountain glaciers on Mars: altitude-dependence of ice accumulation, accumulation conditions, formation times, glacier dynamics, and implications for planetary spin-axis/orbital history. Icarus 2008, 198:305-317.
26. Fastook J.L., Prentice M. Afinite-element model of Antarctica: sensitivity test for meteorological mass-balance relationship. J.Glaciol. 1994, 40:161-175.
27. Golledge N.R., Mackintosh A.N., Anderson B.M., Buckley K.M., Doughty A.M., Barrell D.J.A., Denton G.H., Vandergoes M.J., Andersen B.G., Schaefer J.M. Last Glacial Maximum climate in New Zealand inferred from a modelled Southern Alps icefield. Quat. Sci. Rev. 2012, 46:30-45.
28. Hijmans R., Cameron S.E., Parra J.L., Jones P.G., Jarvis A. Very high resolution interpolated climate surfaces for global land areas. Int. J. Climatol. 2005, 25:1965-1978.
29. Huybers P., Wunsch C. Obliquity pacing of the late Pleistocene glacial terminations. Nature 2005, 434:491-494.
30. Jouzel J., Masson-Delmotte V., Cattani O., Dreyfus G., Falourd S., Hoffmann G., Minster B., Nouet J., Barnola J.M., Chappellaz J., Fischer H., Gallet J.C., Johnsen S., Leuenberger M., Loulergue L., Luethi D., Oerter H., Parrenin F., Raisbeck G., Raynaud D., Schilt A., Schwander J., Selmo E., Souchez R., Spahni R., Stauffer B., Steffensen J.P., Stenni B., Stocker T.F., Tison J.L., Werner M., Wolff E.W. Orbital and millennial Antarctic climate variability over the past 800,000 years. Science 2007, 317:793-796.
31. Kaiser J., Lamy F. Links between Patagonian Ice Sheet fluctuations and Antarctic dust variability during the last glacial period (MIS 4-2). Quat. Sci. Rev. 2010, 29:1464-1471.
32. Kelley S.E., Kaplan M.R., Schaefer J.M., Andersen B.G., Barrell D.J.A., Putnam A.E., Denton G.H., Schwartz R., Finkel R.C., Doughty A.M. High-precision 10Be chronology of moraines in the Southern Alps indicates synchronous cooling in Antarctica and New Zealand 42,000 years ago. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 2014, 405:194-206.
33. Lal D. Cosmic ray labeling of erosion surfaces: in situ nuclide production rates and erosion models. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 1991, 104:424-439.
34. Lambert F., Delmonte B., Petit J.R., Bigler M., Kaufmann P.R., Hutterli M.A., Stocker T.F., Ruth U., Steffensen J.P., Maggi V. Dust-climate couplings over the past 800,000 years from the EPICA Dome C ice core. Nature 2008, 452:616-619.
35. Lisiecki L.E., Raymo M.E. APliocene-Pleistocene stack of 57 globally distributed benthic delta O-18 records. Paleoceanography 2005, 20. 10.1029/2004pa001071.
36. Martinez-Garcia A., Rosell-Mele A., Jaccard S.L., Geibert W., Sigman D.M., Haug G.H. Southern Ocean dust-climate coupling over the past four million years. Nature 2011, 476:312-316.
37. Masarik J., Frank M., Schäfer J.M., Wieler R. Correction of in situ cosmogenic nuclide production rates for geomagnetic field intensity variations during the past 800,000 years. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 2001, 65:2995-3003.
38. 2 concentrations over the Last Glacial Termination. Science 2001, 291:112-114.
39. Ninnemann U.S., Charles C.D. Regional differences in Quaternary Subantarctic nutrient cycling: link to intermediate and deep water ventilation. Paleoceanography 1997, 12:560-567.
40. North Greenland Ice Core Project members High-resolution record of Northern Hemisphere climate extending into the last interglacial period. Nature 2004, 431:147-151.
41. Norton D. Amultivariate technique for estimating New Zealand temperature normals. Weather Clim. 1985, 5:64-74.
42. Oerlemans J. Extracting a climate signal from 169 glacier records. Science 2005, 308:675-677.
43. Pahnke K., Sachs J.P. Sea surface temperatures of southern midlatitudes 0-160kyrB.P. Paleoceanography 2006, 21:PA2003.
44. Porter S.C. Equilibrium-line altitudes of late Quaternary glaciers in the Southern Alps, New Zealand. Quat. Res. 1975, 5:27-47.
45. 10Be production-rate calibration from the Southern Alps, New Zealand. Quat. Geochronol. 2010, 5:392-409.
46. 10Be moraine chronology at Lake Ohau, Southern Alps of New Zealand. Quat. Sci. Rev. 2013, 62:114-141.
47. Raymo M.E. The timing of major climate terminations. Palaeoceanography 1997, 12:577-585.
48. Robinson R.S., Mix A., Martinez P. Southern Ocean control on the extent of denitrification in the southeast Pacific over the last 70ka. Quat. Sci. Rev. 2007, 26:201-212.
49. Schaefer J.M., Denton G.H., Barrell D.J.A., Ivy-Ochs S., Kubik P.W., Andersen B.G., Phillips F., Lowell T.V., Schluechter C. Near-synchronous interhemispheric termination of the Last Glacial Maximum in mid-latitudes. Science 2006, 312:1510-1513.
50. Schaefer J.M., Denton G.H., Kaplan M., Putnam A., Finkel R.C., Barrell D.J.A., Andersen B.G., Schwartz R., Mackintosh A., Chinn T., Schlüchter C. High frequency Holocene glacier fluctuations in New Zealand differ from the northern signature. Science 2009, 324:622.
51. Siddall M., Rohling E.J., Almogi-Labin A., Heimleben C., Meischner D., Schmelzer I., Smeed D.A. Sea-level fluctuations during the last glacial cycle. Nature 2003, 423:853-857.
52. 2 concentration. Nature 2010, 466:47-55.
53. Simms A.R., DeWitt R., Rodriguez A.B., Lambeck K., Anderson J.B. Revisiting marine isotope stage 3 and 5a (MIS3-5a) sea levels within the northwestern Gulf of Mexico. Glob. Planet. Change 2009, 66:100-111.
54. Stone J. Air pressure and cosmogenic isotope production. J.Geophys. Res. 2000, 105:23753-23759.
55. Sugden D.E., McCulloch R.D., Bory A.J.M., Hein A.S. Influence of Patagonian glaciers on Antarctic dust deposition during the last glacial period. Nat. Geosci. 2009, 2:281-285.
56. Vandergoes M.J., Newnham R.M., Preusser F., Hendy C.H., Lowell T.V., Fitzsimons S.J., Hogg A.G., Kasper H.U., Schluchter C. Regional insolation forcing of late Quaternary climate change in the Southern Hemisphere. Nature 2005, 436:242-245.
57. WAIS Divide Project Members Onset of deglacial warming in West Antarctica driven by local orbital forcing. Nature 2013, 500:440-444.
58. Wang Y.J., Cheng H., Edwards R.L., An Z.S., Wu J.Y., Shen C.-C., Dorale J.A. Ahigh-resolution absolute-dated Late Pleistocene Monsoon Record from Hulu Cave, China. Science 2001, 294:2345-2348.
59. Williams P.W., McGlone M., Neil H., Zhao J.-X. Areview of New Zealand paleoclimate from the Last Interglacial to the global Last Glacial Maximum. Quat. Sci. Rev. 2015, 110:92-106.
60. Winckler G., Anderson R.F., Fleisher M.Q., McGee D., Mahowald N. Covariant Glacial-Interglacial dust fluxes in the Equatorial Pacific and Antarctica. Science 2008, 320:93-96.
61. Wolff E.W., Fischer H., Fundel F., Ruth U., Twarloh B., Littot G.C., Mulvaney R., Rothlisberger R., de Angelis M., Boutron C.F., Hansson M., Jonsell U., Hutterli M.A., Lambert F., Kaufmann P., Stauffer B., Stocker T.F., Steffensen J.P., Bigler M., Siggaard-Andersen M.L., Udisti R., Becagli S., Castellano E., Severi M., Wagenbach D., Barbante C., Gabrielli P., Gaspari V. Southern Ocean sea-ice extent, productivity and iron flux over the past eight glacial cycles. Nature 2006, 440:491-496.
62. Wolff E.W., Fischer H., Rothlisberger R. Glacial terminations as southern warmings without northern control. Nat. Geosci. 2009, 2:206-209.