Time-to-infection by Plasmodium falciparum is largely determined by random factors

BMC Medicine

Volumn 13, Issue 1, 2015, Pages

  Pinkevych, Mykola ^a   Chelimo, Kiprotich ^b   Vulule, John ^b   Kazura, James W ^c   Moormann, Ann M ^d   Davenport, Miles P ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF NEW SOUTH WALES   (Australia)

^b KENYA MEDICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE   (Kenya)

^c CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^d UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SCHOOL   (United States)

Author keywords

Blood stage immunity; Malaria; Mathematical modelling; Plasmodium falciparum; Time to infection

Indexed keywords

ADAPTIVE IMMUNITY; ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AGED; ARTICLE; CHILD; COHORT ANALYSIS; GROWTH RATE; HUMAN; INFECTION RATE; KENYA; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALARIA FALCIPARUM; MATHEMATICAL MODEL; MICROBIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS; MICROSCOPY; NONHUMAN; PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM; POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; TIME TO INFECTION; AGE; BIOLOGICAL MODEL; FEMALE; GENETICS; IMMUNOLOGY; INFANT; ISOLATION AND PURIFICATION; MALARIA, FALCIPARUM; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; PRESCHOOL CHILD; TIME FACTOR; YOUNG ADULT;

ADOLESCENT; AGE FACTORS; AGED; CHILD; CHILD, PRESCHOOL; FEMALE; HUMANS; INFANT; KENYA; MALARIA, FALCIPARUM; MALE; MICROSCOPY; MIDDLE AGED; MODELS, BIOLOGICAL; PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM; POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; TIME FACTORS; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 84924030423     PISSN: None     EISSN: 17417015     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1186/s12916-014-0252-9     Document Type: Article

References (33)

1. Murray C, Rosenfeld LC, Lim SS, Andrews KG, Foreman KJ, Haring D, et al. Global malaria mortality between 1980 and 2010: a systematic analysis. Lancet. 2012;379:413-31.
2. Dent AE, Bergmann-Leitner ES, Wilson DW, Tisch DJ, Kimmel R, Vulule J, et al. Antibody-mediated growth inhibition of Plasmodium falciparum: relationship to age and protection from parasitemia in Kenyan children and adults. PLoS One. 2008;3:e3557.
3. Reiling L, Richards JS, Fowkes FJI, Barry AE, Triglia T, Chokejindachai W, et al. Evidence that the erythrocyte invasion ligand PfRh2 is a target of protective immunity against Plasmodium falciparum malaria. J Immunol. 2010;185:6157-67.
4. Richards JS, Stanisic DI, Fowkes FJI, Tavul L, Dabod E, Thompson JK, et al. Association between naturally acquired antibodies to erythrocyte-binding antigens of Plasmodium falciparum and protection from malaria and high-density parasitemia. Clin Infect Dis. 2010;51:e50-60.
5. Pinkevych M, Petravic J, Chelimo K, Vulule J, Kazura JW, Moormann AM, et al. Decreased growth rate of P. falciparum blood stage parasitemia with age in a holoendemic population. J Infect Dis. 2014;209:1136-43.
6. Betuela I, Rosanas-Urgell A, Kiniboro B, Stanisic DI, Samol L, de Lazzari E, et al. Relapses contribute significantly to the risk of plasmodium vivax infection and disease in Papua New Guinean children 1-5 years of age. J Infect Dis. 2012;206:1771-80.
7. Ofulla AV, Moormann AM, Embury PE, Kazura JW, Sumba PO, John CC. Age-related differences in the detection of Plasmodium falciparum infection by PCR and microscopy, in an area of Kenya with holo-endemic malaria. Ann Trop Med Parasitol. 2005;99:431-35.
8. Beier JC, Oster CN, Onyango FK, Bales JD, Sherwood JA, Perkins PV, et al. Plasmodium falciparum incidence relative to entomologic inoculation rates at a site proposed for testing malaria vaccines in western Kenya. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1994;50:529-36.
9. Smith DL, Drakeley CJ, Chiyaka C, Hay SI. A quantitative analysis of transmission efficiency versus intensity for malaria. Nat Commun. 2010;1:108.
10. Pinkevych M, Petravic J, Chelimo K, Kazura JW, Moormann AM, Davenport MP. The dynamics of naturally acquired immunity to Plasmodium falciparum infection. PLoS Comput Biol. 2012;8:e1002729.
11. Moormann AM, Sumba PO, Chelimo K, Fang H, Tisch DJ, Dent AE, et al. Humoral and cellular immunity to Plasmodium falciparum merozoite surface protein 1 and protection from infection with blood-stage parasites. J Infect Dis. 2013;208:149-58.
12. Golenser J, Waknine JH, Krugliak M, Hunt NH, Grau GE. Current perspectives on the mechanism of action of artemisinins. Int J Parasitol. 2006;36:1427-41.
13. Bejon P, Andrews L, Andersen RF, Dunachie S, Webster D, Walther M, et al. Calculation of liver-to-blood inocula, parasite growth rates, and preerythrocytic vaccine efficacy, from serial quantitative polymerase chain reaction studies of volunteers challenged with malaria sporozoites. J Infect Dis. 2005;191:619-26.
14. Andrews L, Andersen RF, Webster D, Dunachie S, Walther RM, Bejon P, et al. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction for malaria diagnosis and its use in malaria vaccine clinical trials. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2005;73:191-8.
15. Seckei H. Blood volume and circulation time in children. Arch Dis Child. 1936;11:21-30.
16. Lefèvre G, Looareesuwan S, Treeprasertsuk S, Krudsood S, Silachamroon U, Gathmann I, et al. A clinical and pharmacokinetic trial of six doses of artemether-lumefantrine for multidrug-resistant Plasmodium falciparum malaria in Thailand. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2001;64:247-56.
17. McGready R, Tan SO, Ashley EA, Pimanpanarak M, Viladpai-Nguen J, Phaiphun L, et al. A randomised controlled trial of Artemether-Lumefantrine versus Artesunate for uncomplicated plasmodium falciparum treatment in pregnancy. PLoS Med. 2008;5:e253.
18. White NJ. Assessment of the pharmacodynamic properties of antimalarial drugs in vivo. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1997;41:1413-22.
19. Ezzet F, van Vugt M, Nosten F, Looareesuwan S, White NJ. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of lumefantrine (benflumetol) in acute falciparum malaria. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2000;44:697-704.
20. Mwesigwa J, Parikh S, McGee B, German P, Drysdale T, Kalyango JN, et al. Pharmacokinetics of Artemether-Lumefantrine and Artesunate-Amodiaquine in Children in Kampala, Uganda. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2009;54:52-9.
21. Tarning J, McGready R, Lindegardh N, Ashley EA, Pimanpanarak M, Kamanikom B, et al. Population pharmacokinetics of lumefantrine in pregnant women treated with artemether-lumefantrine for uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2009;53:3837-46.
22. Djimde A, Lefèvre G. Understanding the pharmacokinetics of Coartem®. Malar J. 2009;8:S4.
23. Tran TM, Li S, Doumbo S, Doumtabe D, Huang C-Y, Dia S, et al. An intensive longitudinal cohort study of Malian children and adults reveals no evidence of acquired immunity to Plasmodium falciparum infection. Clin Infect Dis. 2013;57:40-7.
24. Tran TM, Ongoiba A, Coursen J, Crosnier C, Diouf A, Huang C-Y, et al. Naturally acquired antibodies specific for plasmodium falciparum reticulocyte-binding protein homologue 5 inhibit parasite growth and predict protection from malaria. J Infect Dis. 2014;209:789-98.
25. Sokhna CS, Rogier C, Dieye A, Trape JF. Host factors affecting the delay of reappearance of Plasmodium falciparum after radical treatment among a semi-immune population exposed to intense perennial transmission. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2000;62:266-70.
26. White MT, Griffin JT, Ghani AC. The design and statistical power of treatment re-infection studies of the association between pre-erythrocytic immunity and infection with Plasmodium falciparum. Malar J. 2013;12:278.
27. Bejon P, Warimwe G, Mackintosh CL, Mackinnon MJ, Kinyanjui SM, Musyoki JN, et al. Analysis of immunity to febrile malaria in children that distinguishes immunity from lack of exposure. Infect Immun. 2009;77:1917-23.
28. Bejon P, Cook J, Bergmann-Leitner E, Olotu A, Lusingu J, Mwacharo J, et al. Effect of the pre-erythrocytic candidate malaria vaccine RTS, S/AS01E on blood stage immunity in young children. J Infect Dis. 2011;204:9-18.
29. Greenhouse B, Ho B, Hubbard A, Njama-Meya D, Narum DL, Lanar DE, et al. Antibodies to Plasmodium falciparum antigens predict a higher risk of malaria but protection from symptoms once parasitemic. J Infect Dis. 2011;204:19-26.
30. Bousema T, Kreuels B, Gosling R. Adjusting for heterogeneity of malaria transmission in longitudinal studies. J Infect Dis. 2011;204:1-3.
31. Cheng Q, Lawrence G, Reed C, Stowers A, Ranford-Cartwright L, Creasey A, et al. Measurement of Plasmodium falciparum growth rates in vivo: a test of malaria vaccines. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1997;57:495-500.
32. Douglas AD, Edwards NJ, Duncan CJA, Thompson FM, Sheehy SH, O'Hara GA, et al. Comparison of modeling methods to determine liver-to-blood inocula and parasite multiplication rates during controlled human malaria infection. J Infect Dis. 2013;208:340-5.
33. Douglas AD, Andrews L, Draper SJ, Bojang K, Milligan P, Gilbert SC, et al. Substantially reduced pre-patent parasite multiplication rates are associated with naturally acquired immunity to Plasmodium falciparum. J Infect Dis. 2011;203:1337-40.