Event-Related Brain Potentials in Depression: Clinical, Cognitive, and Neurophysiological Implications

The Oxford Handbook of Event-Related Potential Components

Volumn , Issue , 2012, Pages

  Bruder, Gerard E ^a   Kayser, Jürgen ^a   Tenke, Craig E ^a  

^a NEW YORK STATE PSYCHIATRIC INSTITUTE   (United States)

Author keywords

Cognitive deficits; Current source density analysis; Depression; Depressive disorders; Event related potentials; Principal components analysis

Indexed keywords

EID: 84923517682     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195374148.013.0257     Document Type: Chapter

References (174)

1. Ahveninen, J., Kahkonen, S., Pennanen, S., Liesivuori, J., Ilmoniemi, R. J., & Jaaskelainen, I. P. (2002). Tryptophan depletion effects on EEG and MEG responses suggest serotonergic modulation of auditory involuntary attention in humans. Neuroimage, 16, 1052-1061.
2. Alexopoulos, G. S., Murphy, C. F., Gunning-Dixon, F. M., Kalayam, B., Katz, R., Kanellopoulos, D., Etwaroo, G. R., Klimstra, S., & Foxe, J. J. (2007). Event-related potentials in an emotional go/no-go task and remission of geriatric depression. Neuroreport, 18, 217-221.
3. American Psychiatric Association (1994). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (4th ed.). Washington, DC: Author.
4. Ancy, J., Gangadhar, B. N., & Janakiramaiah, N. (1996). "Normal" P300 amplitude predicts rapid response to ECT in melancholia. Journal of Affective Disorders, 41, 211-215.
5. Anderer, P., Saletu, B., Semlitsch, H. V., & Pascual-Marqui, R. D. (2002). Structural and energetic processes related to P300: LORETA findings in depression and effects of antidepressant drugs. Methods and Findings in Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, 24, 85-91.
6. Austin, M. P., Mitchell, P., & Goodwin, G. M. (2001). Cognitive deficits in depression. British Journal of Psychiatry, 178, 200-206.
7. Bange, F., & Bathien, N. (1998). Visual cognitive dysfunction in depression: An event- related potential study. Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology, 108, 472-481.
8. Beauducel, A., Debener, S., Brocke, B., & Kayser, J. (2000). On the reliability of augmenting/reducing: Peak amplitudes and principal components analysis of auditory evoked potentials. Journal of Psychophysiology, 14, 226-240.
9. Blackburn, I. M., Roxborough, H. M., Muir, W. J., Glabus, M., & Blackwood, D. H. R. (1990). Perceptual and physiological dysfunction in depression. Psychological Medicine, 20, 95-103.
10. Blackwood, D. H. R., Whalley, L. J., Christie, J. E., Blackburn, I. M., St. Clair D. M., & McInnes, A. (1987). Changes in auditory P3 event-related potential in schizophrenia and depression. British Journal of Psychiatry, 150, 154-160.
11. Bremner, J. D., Vythilingam, M., Vermetten, E., Vaccarino, V., & Charney, D. S. (2004). Deficits in hippocampal and anterior cingulate functioning during verbal declarative memory encoding in midlife major depression. American Journal of Psychiatry, 161, 637-645.
12. Bruder, G.E. (1992). P300 findings for depressive and anxiety disorders. Annuals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 658, 205-222.
13. Bruder, G.E., Kayser, J., Tenke, C. E., Leite, P., Schneier, F. R., Stewart, J. W., & Quitkin, F. M. (2002). Cognitive ERPs in depressive and anxiety disorders during tonal and phonetic oddball tasks. Clinical Electroencephalography, 33, 119-124.
14. Bruder, G.E., Kroppmann, C.J., Kayser, J., Stewart, J.W., McGrath, P.J., & Tenke, C.E. (2009). Reduced brain responses to novel sounds in depression: P3 finding in a novelty oddball task. Psychiatry Research, 170, 218-223.
15. Bruder, G. E., Quitkin, F. M., Stewart, J. W., Martin, C., Voglmaier, M. M., & Harrison, W. M. (1989). Cerebral laterality and depression: Differences in perceptual asymmetry among diagnostic subtypes. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 98, 177-186.
16. Bruder, G. E., Tenke, C. E., Stewart, J. W., Towey, J. P., Leite, P., Voglmaier, M., & Quitkin, F. M. (1995). Brain eventrelated potentials to complex tones in depressed patients: Relations to perceptual asymmetry and clinical features. Psychophysiology, 32, 373-381.
17. Bruder, G. E., Tenke, C. E., Towey, J. P., Leite, P., Fong, R., Stewart, J. E., McGrath, P. J., & Quitkin, F. M. (1998). Brain ERPs of depressed patients to complex tones in an oddball task: Relation of reduced P3 asymmetry to physical anhedonia. Psychophysiology, 35, 54-63.
18. Bruder, G. E., Tenke, C. E., Warner, V., & Weissman, M. M. (2007). Grandchildren at high and low risk for depression differ in EEG measures of regional brain asymmetry. Biological Psychiatry, 62, 1317-1323.
19. Bruder, G. E., Towey, J. P., Stewart, J. W., Friedman, D., Tenke, C., & Quitkin, F. M. (1991). Event-related potentials in depression: Influence of task, stimulus hemifield and clinical features on P3 latency. Biological Psychiatry, 30, 233-246.
20. Burkhart, M. A., & Thomas, D. G. (1993). Event-related potential measures of attention in moderately depressed subjects. Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology, 88, 42-50.
21. Burt, D. B., Zembar, M. J., & Niederehe, G. (1995). Depression and memory impairment: A meta-analysis of the association, its pattern, and specificity. Psychological Bulletin, 117, 285-305.
22. Cacioppo, J. T., Crites, S. L., Bernston, G. G., & Coles, M. G. (1993). If attitudes affect how stimuli are processed, should they not affect the event-related potential? Psychological Science, 4, 108-112.
23. Cacioppo, J. T., Crites, S. L., & Gardner, W. L. (1996). Attitudes to the right: Evaluative processing is associated with lateralized late positive event-related potentials. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 22, 1205-1219.
24. Campbell, M. J., Lewis, D. A., Foote, S. L., & Morrison, J. H. (1987). Distribution of choline acetyltransferase-, serotonin-, dopamine-beta-hydroxylase-, tyrosine hydroxylase-immunoreactive fibers in monkey primary auditory cortex. Journal of Comparative Neurology, 261, 209-220.
25. Castaneda, A. E., Tuulio-Henriksson, A., Marttunen, M., Suvisaari, J., & Lönnqvist, J. (2008). A review on cognitive impairments in depressive and anxiety disorders with a focus on young adults. Journal of Affective Disorders, 106, 1-27.
26. Cavanagh, J., & Geisler, M. W. (2006). Mood effects on the ERP processing of emotional intensity in faces: A P3 investigation with depressed students. International Journal of Psychophysiology, 60, 27-33.
27. Chiu, P. H., & Deldin, P. J. (2007). Neural evidence for enhanced error detection in major depressive disorder. American Journal of Psychiatry, 164, 608-616.
28. Debener, S., Strobel, A., Kurschner, K., Kranczioch, C., Hebenstreit, J., Maercker, A., Beauducel, A., & Brocke, B. (2002). Is auditory evoked potential augmenting/reducing affected by acute tryptophan depletion? Biological Psychology, 59, 121-133.
29. Dehaene, S., Posner, M., & Tucker, D. (1994). Commentary: Localization of a neural system for error detection and compensation. Psychological Medicine, 5, 303-305.
30. Deldin, P. J., Deveney, C. M., Kim, A. S., Casas, B. R., & Best, J. L. (2001a). A slow wave investigation of working memory biases in mood disorders. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 110, 267-281.
31. Deldin, P. J., Keller, J., Gergen, J. A., & Miller, G. A. (2000). Right-posterior face processing anomaly in depression. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 109, 116-121.
32. Deldin, P. J., Keller, J., Gergen, J. A., & Miller, G. A. (2001b). Cognitive bias and emotion in neuropsychological models of depression. Cognition and Emotion, 15, 787-802.
33. Deveney, C. M., & Deldin, P. J. (2004). Memory of faces: A slow wave ERP study of major depression. Emotion, 4, 295-304.
34. Dien, J., Spencer, K. M., & Donchin., E. (2003). Localization of the event-related potential novelty response as defined by principal components analysis. Cognitive Brain Research, 17, 637-650.
35. Dierks, T., Barta, S., Demisch, L., Schmeck, K., Englert, E., Kewitz, A., Maurer, K., & Poustka, F. (1999). Intensity dependence of auditory evoked potentials (AEPs) as biological marker for cerebral serotonin levels: Effects of tryptophan depletion in healthy subjects. Psychopharmacology, 146, 101-107.
36. Dietrich, D. E., Emrich, H. M., Waller, C., Wieringa, B. M., Johannes, S., & Munte, T. F. (2000a). Emotion/cognitioncoupling in word recognition memory of depressive patients: An event-related potential study. Psychiatry Research, 96, 15-29.
37. Dietrich, D. E., Kleinschmidt, A., Hauser, U., Schneider, U., Spannhuth, C. W., Kipp, K., Huber, T. J., Wieringa, B. M., Emrich, H. M., & Johannes, S. (2000b). Word recognition memory before and after successful treatment of depression. Pharmacopsychiatry, 33, 221-228.
38. Diner, B. C., Holcomb, P. J., & Dykman, R. A. (1985). P300 in major depressive disorder. Psychiatry Research, 15, 175-184.
39. Donkers, F. C. L., & van Boxtel, G. J. M. (2004). The N2 in go/no-go tasks reflects conflict monitoring, not response inhibition. Brain and Cognition, 56, 165-176.
40. Drevets, W. (2000). Neuroimaging studies of mood disorders. Biological Psychiatry, 48, 813-829.
41. Drevets, W. C., Price, J. L., Simpson, J. R., Jr., Todd, R. D., Reich, T., Vannier, M., & Raichle, M. E. (1997). Subgenual prefrontal cortex abnormalities in mood disorders. Nature, 386, 824-827.
42. Ehrlichman, H., & Bastone, L. (1992). Olfaction and emotion. In J. Serby & K. L. Chobor (Eds.), Science of olfaction (pp. 410-438). New York: Springer.
43. El Massioui, F., Everett, J., Martin, M. T., Jouvent, R., & Widlocher, D. (1996). Attention deficits in depression: An electrophysiological marker. Neuroreport, 7, 2483-2486.
44. El Massioui, F., & Lesèvre, N. (1988). Attention impairment and psychomotor retardation in depressed patients: An event-related potential study. Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology, 70, 46-55.
45. Elger, C. E., Grunwald, T., Lehnertz, K., Kutas, M., Helmstaedter, C., Brockhaus A, Van Roost, D., & Heinze, H. J. (1997). Human temporal lobe potentials in verbal learning and memory processes. Neuropsychologia, 35, 657-667.
46. Fales, C. L., Barch, D. M., Rundle, M. M., Mintun, M. A., Snyder, A. Z., Cohen, J. D., Mathews, J., & Sheline, Y. I. (2008). Altered emotional interference processing in affective and cognitive-control brain circuitry in major depression. Biological Psychiatry, 63, 377-384.
47. Falkenstein, M., Hoormann, J., Christ, S., & Hohnsbein, J. (2000). ERP components on reaction errors and their functional significance: A tutorial. Biological Psychology, 51, 87-107.
48. Fallgatter, A. J., Herrmann, M. J., Roemmler, J., Ehlis, A., Wagener, A., Heidrich, A., Ortega, G., Zeng, Y., & Lesch, K. (2004). Allelic variation of serotonin transporter function modulates the brain electrical response for error processing. Neuropsychopharmacology, 29, 1506-1511.
49. Friedman, D. (1990). ERPs during continuous recognition memory for words. Biological Psychology, 30, 61-87.
50. Friedman, D., Cycowicz, Y. M., & Gaeta, H. (2001). The novelty P3: An event-related brain potential (ERP) sign of the brain's evaluation of novelty. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews, 25, 355-373.
51. Friedman, D., Simpson, G., & Hamberger, M. (1993). Age-related changes in scalp topography to novel and target stimuli. Psychophysiology, 30, 383-396.
52. Gallinat, J., Bottlender, R., Juckel, G., Munke Puchner, A., Stotz, G., Kuss, H. J., Mavrogiorgou, P., & Hegerl, U. (2000). The loudness dependency of the auditory evoked N1/P2-component as a predictor of the acute SSRI response in depression. Psychopharmacology, 148, 404-411.
53. Gangadhar, B. N., Ancy, J., Janakiramaiah, N., & Umapathy, C. (1993). P300 amplitude in non-bipolar, melancholic depression. Journal of Affective Disordors, 28, 57-60.
54. Gehring, W. J., Himle, J., & Nisenson, L. G. (2000). Action-monitoring dysfunction in obsessive-compulsive disorder. Psychological Science, 11, 1-6.
55. Giese-Davis, J. E., Miller, G. A., & Knight, R. A. (1993). Memory template comparison processes in anhedonia and dysthymia. Psychophysiology, 30, 646-656.
56. Hajcak, G., Franklin, M. E., Foa, E. B., & Simons, R. F. (2008). Increased error-related brain activity in pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder before and after treatment. American Journal of Psychiatry, 165, 116-123.
57. Hajcak, G., McDonald, N., & Simons, R. F. (2004). Error-related psychophysiology and negative affect. Brain and Cognition, 56, 189-197.
58. Halgren, E., Baudena, P., Clarke, J. M., Heit, G., Marinkovic, K., Devaux, B., Vignal, J. P., & Biraben, A. (1995). Intracerebral potentials to rare target and distractor auditory and visual stimuli. II. Medial, lateral and posterior temporal lobe. Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology, 94, 229-250.
59. Hansenne, M., Pitchot, W., Moreno, A. G., Zaldua, I. U., & Ansseau, M. (1996). Suicidal behavior in depressive disorder: An event-related potential study. Biological Psychiatry, 40, 116-122.
60. Hegerl, U., Gallinat, J., & Juckel, G. (2001). Event-related potentials: Do they reflect central serotonergic neurotransmission and do they predict clinical response to serotonin agonists? Journal of Affective Disorders, 62, 93-100.
61. Hegerl, U., & Juckel, G. (1993). Intensity dependence of auditory evoked potentials as an indicator of central serotonergic neurotransmission: A new hypothesis. Biological Psychiatry, 33, 173-187.
62. Heller, W. (1990). The neuropsychology of emotion: Developmental patterns and implications for psychopathology. In N. L. Stein, B. Leventhal, & T. Trabasso (Eds.), Psychological and biological approaches to emotion, (pp. 167-211). Hillside, NJ: Erlbaum.
63. Heller, W. (1993). Neuropsychological mechanisms of individual differences in emotion, personality and arousal. Neuropsychology, 7, 476-489.
64. Heller, W., Etienne, M. A., & Miller, G. A. (1995). Patterns of perceptual asymmetry in depression and anxiety:Implications for neuropsychological models of emotion and psychopathology. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 104, 327-333.
65. Henson, R. N., Rugg, M. D., Shallice, T., & Dolan, R. J. (2000). Confidence in recognition memory for words:Dissociating right prefrontal roles in episodic retrieval. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 12, 913-923.
66. Holmes, A. J., & Pizzagalli, D. A. (2008). Spatiotemporal dynamics of error processing dysfunctions in major depressive disorder. Archives of General Psychiatry, 65, 179-188.
67. Houston, R. J., Bauer, L. O., & Hesselbrock, V. M. (2003). Depression and familial risk for substance dependence: A P300 study of young women. Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging, 124, 49-62.
68. Houston, R. J., Bauer, L. O., & Hesselbrock, V. M. (2004). P300 evidence of cognitive inflexibility in female adolescents at risk for recurrent depression. Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry, 28, 529-536.
69. Jeon, Y.W., & Polich, J. (2003). Meta-analysis of P300 and schizophrenia: Patients, paradigms, and practical implications. Psychophysiology, 40, 684-701.
70. Johnson, R., Jr. (1995). Event-related potential insights into the neurobiology of memory systems. In F. Boller & J. Grafman (Eds.), Handbook of neuropsychology (Vol. 10, pp. 135-164). Amsterdam: Elsevier.
71. Johnston, V. S., Miller, D. R., & Burleson, M. H. (1986). Multiple P3s to emotional stimuli and their theoretical significance. Psychophysiology, 23, 684-694.
72. Juckel, G., Hegerl, U., Molnar, M., Csepe, V., & Karmos, G. (1999). Auditory evoked potentials reflect serotonergic neuronal activity-a study in behaving cats administered drugs acting on 5-HT1A autoreceptors in the dorsal raphe nucleus. Neuropsychopharmacology, 21, 710-716.
73. Kaiser, S., Unger, J., Kiefer, M., Markela, J., Mundt, C., & Weisbrod, M. (2003). Executive control deficit in depression: Event-related potentials in a Go/Nogo task. Psychiatry Research, 122, 169-184.
74. Kalayam, B., & Alexopoulos, G. S. (2003). A preliminary study of left frontal region error negativity and symptom improvement in geriatric depression. American Journal of Psychiatry, 160, 2054-2056.
75. Karaaslan, F., Gonul, A. S., Oguz, A., Erdinc, E., & Esel, E. (2003). P300 changes in major depressive disorders with and without psychotic features. Journal of Affective Disorders, 73, 283-287.
76. Kaustio, O., Partanen, J., Valkonen-Korhonen, M., Viinamäki, H., & Lehtonen, J. (2002). Affective and psychotic symptoms relate to different types of P300 alteration in depressive disorder. Journal of Affective Disorders, 71, 43-50.
77. Kawasaki, T., Tanaka, S., Wang, J., Hokama, H., & Hiramatsu, K. (2004). Abnormalities of P300 cortical current density in unmedicated depressed patients revealed by LORETA analysis of event-related potentials. Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, 58, 68-75.
78. Kayser, J., Bruder, G. E., Tenke, C. E., Stewart, J. W., & Quitkin, F. M. (2000). Event-related potentials (ERPs) to hemifield presentations of emotional stimuli: Differences between depressed patients and healthy adults in P3 amplitude and asymmetry. International Journal of Psychophysiology, 36, 211-236.
79. Kayser, J., Fong, R., Tenke, C. E., & Bruder, G. E. (2003). Event-related brain potentials during auditory and visual word recognition memory tasks. Cognitive Brain Research, 16, 11-25.
80. Kayser, J., & Tenke, C.E. (2003). Optimizing PCA methodology for ERP component identification and measurement:Theoretical rationale and empirical evaluation. Clinical Neurophysiology, 114, 2307-2325.
81. Kayser, J., & Tenke, C. (2005). Trusting in or breaking with convention: Towards a renaissance of principal components analysis in electrophysiology. Clinical Neurophysiology, 116(8), 1747-1753.
82. Kayser, J., & Tenke, C. E. (2006a). Principal components analysis of Laplacian waveforms as a generic method for identifying ERP generator patterns: I. Evaluation with auditory oddball tasks. Clinical Neurophysiology, 117, 348-368.
83. Kayser, J., & Tenke, C. E. (2006b). Principal components analysis of Laplacian waveforms as a generic method for identifying ERP generator patterns: II. Adequacy of low-density estimates. Clinical Neurophysiology, 117, 369-380.
84. Kayser, J., & Tenke, C. E. (2006c). Consensus on PCA for ERP data, and sensibility of unrestricted solutions. Clinical Neurophysiology, 117, 703-707.
85. Kayser, J., Tenke, C. E., & Bruder, G. E. (1998). Dissociation of brain ERP topographies for tonal and phonetic oddball tasks. Psychophysiology, 35, 576-590.
86. Kayser, J., Tenke, C. E., Gates, N. A., & Bruder, G. E. (2007). Reference-independent ERP old/new effects of auditory and visual word recognition memory: Joint extraction of stimulus- and response-locked neuronal generator patterns. Psychophysiology, 44, 949-967.
87. Kayser, J., Tenke, C. E., Gates, N. A., Stewart, J. W., McGrath, P. J., & Bruder, G.E. (in press). Event-related brain potentials (ERPs) during auditory and visual word recognition memory tasks in affective disorders.
88. Kayser, J., Tenke, C., Nordby, H., Hammerborg, D., Hugdahl, K., & Erdmann, G. (1997). Event-related potential (ERP) asymmetries to emotional stimuli in a visual half-field paradigm. Psychophysiology, 34, 414-426.
89. Kiehl, K. A., Laurens, K. R., Duty, T. L., Forster, B. B., & Liddle, P. F. (2001). Neural sources involved in auditory target detection and novelty processing: An event-related fMRI study. Psychophysiology, 38, 133-142.
90. Kimble, M., Kaloupek, D., Kaufman, M., & Deldin, P. (2000). Stimulus novelty differentially affects attentional allocation in PTSD. Biological Psychiatry, 47, 880-890.
91. Knight, R. (1996). Contribution of human hippocampal region to novelty detection. Nature, 383, 256-259.
92. Knight, R. T., & Scabiani, D. (1998). Anatomic bases of event-related potentials and their relationship to novelty detection in humans. Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology, 15, 3-13.
93. Knott, V., Lapierre, Y., Griffiths, L., de Lugt, D., & Bakish, D. (1991). Event-related potentials and selective attention in major depressive illness. Journal of Affective Disorders, 23, 43-48.
94. Knott, V. J., & Lapierre, Y. D. (1987). Electrophysiological and behavioral correlates of pychomotor responsivity in depression. Biological Psychiatry, 22, 313-324.
95. Lang, P. J., Bradley, M. M., & Cuthbert, B. N. (1999). International Affective Picture System (IAPS): Technical manual and affective ratings Gainesville: Center for Research in Psychophysiology, University of Florida.
96. Lewis, D. A., Campbell, M. J., Foote, S. L., & Morrison, J. H. (1986). The monoaminergic innervation of primate neocortex. Human Neurobiology, 5, 181-188.
97. Linka, T., Müller, B. W., Bender, S., & Sartory, G. (2004). The STET intensity dependence of the auditory evoked N1 component as a predictor of response to Citalopram treatment in patients with major depression. Neuroscience Letters, 367, 375-378.
98. Linka, T., Müller, B. W., Bender, S., Sartory, G., & Gastpar, M. (2005). The intensity dependence of auditory evoked ERP components predicts responsiveness to Reboxetine treatment in major depression. Pharmacopsychiatry, 38, 139-143.
99. Luck, S. J. (2005). An introduction to the event-related potential technique. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
100. Luu, P., Collins, P., & Tucker, D. M. (2000). Mood, personality, and self-monitoring: Negative affect and emotionality in relation to frontal lobe mechanisms of error monitoring. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 129, 43-60.
101. Mao, W., Wang, Y., & Wang, D. (2005). Cognitive impairment in major depressive disorder revealed by eventrelated potential N270. Clinical Electroencephalography and Neuroscience, 36, 9-14.
102. Maris, E. (2004). Randomization tests for ERP topographies and whole spatiotemporal data matrices. Psychophysiology, 41, 142-151.
103. Massioui, F., Everett, J., Martin, M. T., Jouvent, R., & Widlöcher, D. (1996). Attention deficits in depression: An electrophysiological marker. Neuroreport, 7, 2483-2486.
104. Massioui, F., & Lesèvre, N. (1988). Attention impairment and psychomotor retardation in depressed patients: An event-related potential study. Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology, 70, 46-55.
105. Mayberg, H. S., Brannan, S. K., Mahurin, R. K., Jerabek, P. A., Brickman, J. S., Tekell, J. L., Silva, J. A., McGinnis, S., Glass, T. G., Martin, C. C., & Fox, P. T. (1997). Cingulate function in depression: A potential predictor of treatment resonse. Neuroreport, 8, 1057-1061.
106. Mecklinger, A., & Ullsperger, P. (1995). The P300 to novel and target events: A spatiotemporal dipole model analysis. Neuroreport, 7, 241-245.
107. Muir, W. J., St. Clair, D. M., & Blackwood, D. H. R. (1991). Long-latency auditory event-related potentials in schizophrenia and in bipolar and unipolar affective disorder. Psychological Medicine, 21, 867-879.
108. Mulert, C., Juckel, G., Brunnmeier, M., Karch, S., Leicht, G., Mergl, R., Moller, H. J., Hegerl, U., & Pogarell, O. (2007). Prediction of treatment response in major depression: Integration of concepts. Journal of Affective Disorders, 98, 215-225.
109. Näätänen, R., & Gaillard, A. W. K. (1983). The orienting reflex and the N2 deflection of the event-related potential (ERP). In A. W. K. Gaillard & W. Ritter (Eds.), Tutorials in event related potential research: Endogenous components (pp. 119-141). Amsterdam: North-Holland.
110. Nathan, P. J., Segrave, R., Phan, K. L., O'Neill, B., & Croft, R. J. (2006). Direct evidence that acutely enhancing serotonin with the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor citalopram modulates the loudness dependence of the auditory evoked potential (LDAEP) marker of central serotonin function. Human Psychopharmacology, 21, 47-52.
111. Naumann, E., Bartussek, D., Diedrich, O., & Laufer, M. (1992). Assessing cognitive and affective information processing functions of the brain by the means of the late positive complex of the event-related potential. Journal of Psychophysiology, 6, 285-298.
112. Neuhaus, A. H., Luborzewski, A., Rentzsch, J., Brakemeier, E. L., Opgen-Rhein, C., Gallinat, J., & Bajbouj, M. (2007). P300 is enhanced in responders to vagus nerve stimulation for treatment of major depressive disorder. Journal of Affective Disorders, 100, 123-128.
113. Nunez, P. (1981). Electric fields of the brain New York: Oxford University Press.
114. Nunez, P. L., & Srinivasan, R. (2006). Electric fields of the brain: The neurophysics of EEG New York: Oxford University Press.
115. Nurminen, M., Valkonen-Korhonen, M., Mervaala, E., Paakkonen, A., Partanen, J., Viinamaki, H., & Lehtonen, J. (2005). Enhanced attention-dependent auditory processing by electroconvulsive therapy in psychotic depression. Journal of ECT, 21, 19-24.
116. Ochsner, K., & Gross, J. J. (2005). The cognitive control of emotion. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 9, 242-249.
117. Ogura, C., Nageishi,Y., Omura, F., Fukao, K., Ohta, H., Kishimoto, A., & Matsubayashi, M. (1993). N200 component of event-related potentials in depression. Biological Psychiatry, 33, 720-726.
118. Otto, M. W., Bruder, G. E., Fava, M., Delis, D. C., Quitkin, F. M., & Rosenbaum, J. F. (1994). Norms for depressed patients for the California Verbal Learning Test: Associations with depression severity and self-report of cognitive difficulties. Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, 9, 81-88.
119. Paige, S. R., Fitzpatrick, D. F., Kline, J. P., Balogh, S. E., & Hendricks, S. E. (1994). Event-related potential amplitude/intensity slopes predict response to antidepressants. Neuropsychobiology, 30, 197-201.
120. Paige, S. R., Hendricks, S. E., Fitzpatrick, D. F., Balogh, S., & Burke, W. J. (1995). Amplitude/intensity functions of auditory event-related potentials predict responsiveness to bupropion in major depressive disorder. Psychopharmacology Bulletin, 31, 243-248.
121. Palomba, D., Angrilli, A., & Mini, A. (1997). Visual evoked potentials, heart rate responses and memory to emotional pictorial stimuli. International Journal of Psychophysiology, 27, 55-67.
122. Pause, B. M., Miranda, A., Nysterud, M., & Ferstl, R. (2000). Olfactory and emotional stimulus evaluation in patients with major depression. Zeitschrift für Klinische Psycholologie und Psychotherapie, 29, 16-23.
123. Pause, B. M., Raack, N., Sojka, B., Goder, R., Aldenhoff, J. B., & Ferstl, R. (2003). Convergent and divergent effects of odors and emotions in depression. Psychophysiology, 40, 209-225.
124. Perrin, F., Pernier, J., Bertrand, O., & Echallier, J. F. (1989). Spherical splines for scalp potential and current density mapping [Corrigenda EEG 02274, EEG Neurophysiol, 1990, 76, 565]. Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology, 72, 184-187.
125. Pierson, A., Ragot, R., Van Hooff, J., Partiot, A., Renault, B., & Jouvent, R. (1996). Heterogeneity of informationprocessing alterations according to dimensions of depression: An event-related potentials study. Biological Psychiatry, 40, 98-115.
126. Pizzagalli, D., Pascual-Marqui, R. D., Nitschke, J. B., Oakes, T. R., Larson, C. L., Abercrombie, H. C., Schaefer, S. M., Koger, J. V., Benca, R. M., & Davidson, R. J. (2001). Anterior cingulate activity as a predictor of degree of treatment response in major depression: Evidence from brain electrical tomography analysis. American Journal of Psychiatry, 158, 405-415.
127. Pizzagalli, D. A., Peccoralo, L. A., Davidson, R. J., & Cohen, J. D. (2006). Resting anterior cingulate activity and abnormal responses to errors in subjects with elevated depressive symptoms: A 128-channel EEG study. Human Brain Mapping, 27, 185-201.
128. Polich, J. (2007). Updating P300: An integrative theory of P3a and P3b. Clinical Neurophysiology, 118, 2128-2148.
129. Polich, J., & Criado, J. R. (2006). Neuropsychology and neuropharmacology of P3a and P3b. International Journal of Psychophysiology, 60, 172-185.
130. Polich, J., & Herbst, K.L. (2000). P300 as a clinical assay: Rationale, evaluation, and findings. International Journal of Psychophysiology, 38, 3-19.
131. Porter, R. J., Gallagher, P., Thompson, J. M., & Young, A. H. (2003). Neurocognitive impairment in drug-free patients with major depressive disorder. British Journal of Psychiatry, 182, 214-220.
132. Post, R. M., DeLisi, L. E., Holcomb, H. H., Uhde, T. W., Cohen, R., & Buchsbaum, M. S. (1987). Glucose utilization in the temporal cortex of affectively ill patients: Positron emission tomography. Biological Psychiatry, 22, 545-553.
133. Purcell, R., Maruff, P., Kyrios, M., & Pantelis, C. (1997). Neuropsychological function in young patients with unipolar major depression. Psychological Medicine, 27, 1277-1285.
134. Röschke, J., & Wagner, P. (2003). A confirmatory study on the mechanisms behind reduced P300 waves in depression. Neuropsychopharmacology, 28, S9-S12.
135. Roth, W. T., Duncan, C. C., Pfefferbaum, A., & Timsit-Berthier, M. (1986). Applications of cognitive ERPs in psychiatric patients. In W. C. McCallum, R. Zappoli, & F. Denoth (Eds.), Cerebral psychophysiology: Studies in event-related potentials, (Suppl. 38, pp. 419-438). Amsterdam: Elsevier.
136. Ruchsow, M., Grothe, J., Spitzer, M., & Keifer, M. (2002). Human anterior cingulate cortex is activated by negative feedback: Evidence from event-related potentials in a guessing task. Neuroscience Letters, 325, 203-206.
137. Ruchsow, M., Herrnberger, B., Beschoner, P., Grön, G., Spitzer, M., & Kiefer, M. (2006). Error processing in major depressive disorder: Evidence from event-related potentials. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 40, 37-46.
138. Ruchsow, M., Herrnberger, B., Wiesend, C., Gron, G., Spitzer, M., & Kiefer, M. (2004). The effect of erroneous responses on response monitoring in patients with major depressive disorder: A study with event-related potentials. Psychophysiology, 41, 833-840.
139. Rugg, M. D., Roberts, R. C., Potter, D. D., Pickles, C. D., & Nagy, M. E. (1991). Event-related potentials related to recognition memory. Effects of unilateral temporal lobectomy and temporal lobe epilepsy. Brain, 114(5), 2313-2332.
140. Sams, M., Alho, K., & Näätänen, R. (1983). Sequential effects on the ERP in discriminating two stimuli. Biological Psychology, 17, 41-58.
141. Sandman, C., Gerner, R., O'Halloran, J., & Isenhart, R. (1987). Event-related potentials and item recognition in depressed, schizophrenic and alcoholic patients. International Journal of Pyschophysiology, 5, 215-225.
142. Sandman, C. A., Vigor-Zierk, C. S., Isenhart, R., Wu, J., & Zetin, M. (1992). Cardiovascular phase relationships to the cortical event-related potential of schizophrenic, depressed and normal subjects. Biological Psychiatry, 32, 778-789.
143. Santosh, P. J., Malhotra, S., Raghunathan, M., & Mehra, Y. N. (1994). A study of P300 in melancholic depression-correlation with psychotic features. Biological Psychiatry, 35, 474-479.
144. Sapolsky, R. M. (2000). Glucocorticoids and hippocampal atrophy in neuropsychiatric disorders. Archives of General Psychiatry, 57, 925-935.
145. Sara, G., Gordon, E., Kraiuhin, C., Coyle, S., Howson, A., & Meares, R. (1994). The P300 ERP component: An index of cognitive dysfunction in depression? Journal of Affective Disorders, 31, 29-38.
146. Schlegel, S., Nieber, D., Herrmann, C., & Bakauski, E. (1991). Latencies of the P300 component of the auditory event-related potential in depression are related to the Bech-Rafaelsen Melancholia Scale but not to the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 83, 438-440.
147. Shah, P. J., Ebmeier, K. P., Glabus, M. F., & Goodwin, G. M. (1998). Cortical grey matter reductions associated with treatment-resistant chronic unipolar depression. Controlled magnetic resonance imaging study. British Journal of Psychiatry, 172, 527-532.
148. Shestyuk, A. Y., Deldin, P. J., Brand, J. E., & Deveney, C. M. (2005). Reduced sustained brain activity during processing of positive emotional stimuli in major depression. Biological Psychiatry, 57, 1089-1096.
149. Sidtis, J. J. (1981). The complex tone test: Implication for the assessment of auditory laterality effects. Neuropsychologia, 19, 103-112.
150. Siegle, G. J., Steinhauer, S. R., & Thase, M. E., (2004). Pupillary assessment and computational modeling of the Stroop task in depression. International Journal of Psychophysiology, 52, 63-76.
151. Simons, R., Graham, F., Miles, M., & Chen, X. (2001). On the relationship of P3a and the novelty-P3. Biological Psychology, 56, 207-218.
152. Smith, M. E., & Halgren, E. (1989). Dissociation of recognition memory components following temporal lobe lesions. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 15, 50-60.
153. Smith, M. E., Stapleton, J. M., & Halgren, E. (1986). Human medial temporal lobe potentials evoked in memory and language tasks. Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology, 63, 145-159.
154. Spencer, K., Dien, J., & Donchin, E. (1999). A componential analysis of the ERP elicited by novel events using a dense electrode array. Psychophysiology, 36, 409-414.
155. Steiner, J. E., Lidar-Lifschitz, D., & Perl, E. (1993). Taste and odor: Reactivity in depressive disorders, a multidisciplinary approach. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 77, 1331-1346.
156. Strobel, A., Debener, S., Schmidt, D., Hünnerkopf, R., Lesch, K. P., & Brocke, B. (2003). Allelic variation in serotonin transporter function associated with the intensity dependence of the auditory evoked potential. American Journal of Medical Genetics, 118B, 41-47.
157. Sumich, A. L., Kumari, V., Heasman, B. C., Gordon, E., & Brammer, M. (2006). Abnormal asymmetry of N200 and P300 event-related potentials in subclinical depression. Journal of Affective Disorders, 92, 171-183.
158. Tenke, C. E., Bruder, G. E., Towey, J. P., Leite, P., & Sidtis, J. J. (1993). Correspondence between brain ERP and behavioral asymmetries in a dichotic complex tone test. Psychophysiology, 30, 62-70.
159. Tenke, C. E., & Kayser, J. (2005). Reference-free quantification of EEG spectra: Combining current source density (CSD) and frequency principal components analysis (fPCA). Clinical Neurophysiology, 116, 2826-2846.
160. Tenke, C. E., & Kayser, J. (2008). ERP generators within the longitudinal fissure: Are putative inverses flawed? Program No. 872.28. 2008 Neuroscience Meeting Planner. Washington, DC: Society for Neuroscience. Available at http://psychophysiology.cpmc.columbia.edu/mmedia/sfn2008/sfn2008.pdf.
161. Tenke, C. E., Kayser, J., Shankman, S. A., Griggs, C. B., Leite, P., Stewart, J. W., & Bruder, G. E. (2008). Hemispatial PCA dissociates temporal from parietal ERP generator patterns: CSD components in healthy adults and depressed patients during a dichotic oddball task. International Journal of Psychophysiology, 67, 1-16.
162. Tenke, C. E., Kayser, J., Stewart, J. W., & Bruder, G. E. (2010). Novelty P3 reductions in depression:Characterization using principal components analysis (PCA) of current source density (CSD) waveforms. Psychophysiology, 47, 133-146.
163. Tucker, D., Luu, P., Frishkoff, F., Quiring, J., & Poulsen, C. (2003). Frontolimbic response to negative feedback in clinical depression. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 112, 667-678.
164. Turetsky, B. I., & Fein, G. (2002). Alpha2-noradrenergic effects on ERP and behavioral indices of auditory information processing. Psychophysiology, 39, 147-157.
165. Tzur, G., & Berger, A. (2007). When things look wrong: Theta activity in rule violation. Neuropsychologia, 45, 3122-3126.
166. Umbricht, D., Koller, R., Schmid, L., Skrabo, A., Grübel, C., Huber, T., & Stassen, H. (2003). How specific are deficits in mismatch negativity generation to schizophrenia? Biological Psychiatry, 53, 1120-1131.
167. Urretavizcaya, M., Moreno, I., Benlloch, L., Cardoner, N., Serrallonga, J., Menchon, J. M., & Vallejo, J. (2003). Auditory event-related potentials in 50 melancholic patients: Increased N100, N200 and P300 latencies and diminished P300 amplitude. Journal of Affective Disorders, 74, 293-297.
168. Wagner, P., Röschke, J., Fell, J., & Frank, C. (1997). Differential pathophysiological mechanisms of reduced P300 amplitude in schizophrenia and depression: A single trial analysis. Schizophrenia Research, 25, 221-229.
169. Van Veen, V., & Carter, C. (2002). The timing of action-monitoring processes in the anterior cingulate cortex. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 14, 593-602.
170. Vandoolaeghe, E., van Hunsel, F., Nuyten, D., & Maes, M. (1998). Auditory event related potentials in major depression: Prolonged P300 latency and increased P200 amplitude. Journal of Affective Disorders, 48, 105-113.
171. Wang, C., Ulbert, I., Schomer, D. L., Marinkovic, K., & Halgren, E. (2005). Responses of human anterior cingulate cortex microdomains to error detection, conflict monitoring, stimulus-response mapping, familiarity, and orienting. Journal of Neuroscience, 25, 604-613.
172. Yanai, I., Fujikawa, T., Osada, M., Yamawaki, S., & Touhouda, Y. (1997). Changes in auditory P300 in patients with major depression and silent cerebral infarction. Journal of Affective Disorders, 46, 263-271.
173. Zatorre, R. J., Evans, A. C., Meyer, E., & Gjedde, A. (1992). Lateralization of phonetic and pitch discrimination in speech processing. Science, 256, 846-849.
174. Zhang, Y., Hauser, U., Conty, C., Emrich, H. M., & Dietrich, D. E. (2007). Familial risk for depression and P3b component as a possible neurocognitive vulnerability marker. Neuropsychobiology, 55, 14-20.