InCVAX - A novel strategy for treatment of late-stage, metastatic cancers through photoimmunotherapy induced tumor-specific immunity

Cancer Letters

Volumn 359, Issue 2, 2015, Pages 169-177

  Zhou, Feifan ^a   Li, Xiaosong ^b   Naylor, Mark F ^c   Hode, Tomas ^d   Nordquist, Robert E ^d   Alleruzzo, Luciano ^d   Raker, Joseph ^d   Lam, Samuel S K ^d   Du, Nan ^b   Shi, Lei ^e   Wang, Xiuli ^e   Chen, Wei R ^a,d  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CENTRAL OKLAHOMA   (United States)

^b CHINESE PLA GENERAL HOSPITAL   (China)

^c Dermatology Associates of San Antonio   (United States)

^d Immunophotonics Inc   (United States)

^e Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital   (China)

Author keywords

Antitumor immune responses; InCVAX; Laser immunotherapy (LIT); Metastatic cancers; N dihydro galacto chitosan (GC)

Indexed keywords

CANCER VACCINE; CHITOSAN DERIVATIVE; IMMUNOLOGICAL ADJUVANT; IN SITU AUTOLOGOUS CANCER VACCINE; N DIHYDRO GALACTO CHITOSAN; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; TUMOR ANTIGEN;

ANTIGEN PRESENTING CELL; ANTINEOPLASTIC ACTIVITY; BREAST TUMOR; CANCER IMMUNOTHERAPY; CANCER SURVIVAL; CANCER TISSUE; DISEASE MODEL; DRUG MECHANISM; HUMAN; IMMUNE RESPONSE; IMMUNIZATION; IMMUNOGENICITY; IMMUNOSTIMULATION; LUNG ADENOCARCINOMA; METASTASIS; NONHUMAN; PHOTOIMMUNOTHERAPY; SHORT SURVEY; TUMOR IMMUNITY; ANIMAL; ANTIGEN PRESENTATION; FEMALE; IMMUNOLOGY; IMMUNOTHERAPY; MAMMARY NEOPLASMS, EXPERIMENTAL; PATHOLOGY; PHOTOTHERAPY;

ADJUVANTS, IMMUNOLOGIC; ANIMALS; ANTIGEN PRESENTATION; ANTIGENS, NEOPLASM; FEMALE; HUMANS; IMMUNOTHERAPY; MAMMARY NEOPLASMS, EXPERIMENTAL; NEOPLASM METASTASIS; PHOTOTHERAPY;

EID: 84923104316     PISSN: 03043835     EISSN: 18727980     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2015.01.029     Document Type: Review

References (97)

1. Liotta L.A., Stetler-Stevenson W.G. Principles of molecular cell biology of cancer: cancer metastasis. Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology 1993, 134-149. J.B. Lippincott Co., Philadelphia, PA. V.T. DeVita, S. Hellman, S.A. Rosenberg (Eds.).
2. Gupta G.P., Massagué J. Cancer metastasis: building a framework. Cell 2006, 127(4):679-695.
3. Kraljevic Pavelic S., Sedic M., Bosnjak H., Spaventi S., Pavelic K. Metastasis: new perspectives on an old problem. Mol. Cancer 2011, 10:22.
4. Blattman J.N., Greenberg P.D. Cancer immunotherapy: a treatment for the masses. Science 2004, 305(5681):200-205.
5. Finn O.J. Cancer immunology. N. Engl. J. Med 2008, 358(25):2704-2715.
6. Rosenberg S.A. Progress in human tumour immunology and immunotherapy. Nature 2001, 411(6835):380-384.
7. Mellman I., Coukos G., Dranoff G. Cancer immunotherapy comes of age. Nature 2011, 480(7378):480-489.
8. Carpi A., Nicolini A., Antonelli A., Ferrari P., Rossi G. Cytokines in the management of high risk or advanced breast cancer: an update and expectation. Curr. Cancer Drug Targets 2009, 9(8):888-903.
9. Kim-Schulze S., Taback B., Kaufman H.L. Cytokine therapy for cancer. Surg. Oncol. Clin. N. Am 2007, 16(4):793-818.
10. Eksioglu E.A., Eisen S., Reddy V. Dendritic cells as therapeutic agents against cancer. Front. Biosci 2010, 15:321-347.
11. Kalinski P., Urban J., Narang R., Berk E., Wieckowski E., Muthuswamy R. Dendritic cell-based therapeutic cancer vaccines: what we have and what we need. Future Oncol 2009, 5(3):379-390.
12. Castano A.P., Mroz P., Hamblin M.R. Photodynamic therapy and anti-tumour immunity. Nat. Rev. Cancer 2006, 6(7):535-545.
13. Zhang H.G., Mehta K., Cohen P., Guha C. Hyperthermia on immune regulation: a temperature's story. Cancer Lett 2008, 271(2):191-204.
14. Vanneman M., Dranoff G. Combining immunotherapy and targeted therapies in cancer treatment. Nat. Rev. Cancer 2012, 12(4):237-251.
15. Ahmad M., Rees R.C., Ali S.A. Escape from immunotherapy: possible mechanisms that influence tumor regression/progression. Cancer Immunol. Immunother 2004, 53(10):844-854.
16. Zou W. Immunosuppressive networks in the tumour environment and their therapeutic relevance. Nat. Rev. Cancer 2005, 5(4):263-274.
17. Zindl C.L., Chaplin D.D. Immunology: tumor immune evasion. Science 2010, 328(5979):697-698.
18. Chen W.R., Adams R.L., Carubelli R., Nordquist R.E. Laser-photosensitizer assisted immunotherapy: a novel modality in cancer treatment. Cancer Lett 1997, 115(1):25-30.
19. Mitsunaga M., Ogawa M., Kosaka N., Rosenblum L.T., Choyke P.L., Kobayashi H. Cancer cell-selective in vivo near infrared photoimmunotherapy targeting specific membrane molecules. Nat. Med 2012, 17(12):1685-1691.
20. Chen W.R., Singhal A.K., Liu H., Nordquist R.E. Antitumor immunity induced by laser immunotherapy and its adoptive transfer. Cancer Res 2001, 61(2):459-461.
21. Chen W.R., Liu H., Ritchey J.W., Bartels K.E., Lucroy M.D., Nordquist R.E. Effect of different components of laser immunotherapy in treatment of metastatic tumors in rats. Cancer Res 2002, 62(15):4295-4299.
22. Zhou F., Wu S., Song S., Chen W.R., Resasco D.E., Xing D. Antitumor immunologically modified carbon nanotubes for photothermal therapy. Biomaterals 2012, 33(11):3235-3242.
23. Hode T., Li X., Naylor M.F., Hode L., Jenkins P., Ferrel G., et al. Laser immunotherapy. Handbook of Photomedicine 2013, Taylor & Francis, New York. M.R. Hamblin, S.K. Sharma (Eds.).
24. den Brok M.H., Sutmuller R.P., van der Voort R., Bennink E.J., Figdor C.G., Ruers T.J., et al. In situ tumor ablation creates an antigen source for the generation of antitumor immunity. Cancer Res 2004, 64(11):4024-4029.
25. Chen W.R., Zhu W.-G., Dynlacht J.R., Liu H., Nordquist R.E. Long-term tumor resistance induced by laser photo-immunotherapy. Int. J. Cancer 1999, 81(5):808-812.
26. Chen W.R., Liu H., Nordquist J.A., Nordquist R.E. Tumor cell damage and leukocyte infiltration after laser immunotherapy treatment. Lasers Med. Sci 2000, 15(1):43-48.
27. Chen W.R., Jeong S.W., Lucroy M.D., Wolf R.F., Howard E.W., Liu H., et al. Induced anti-tumor immunity against DMBA-4 metastatic mammary tumors in rats using a novel approach. Int. J. Cancer 2003, 107(6):1053-1057.
28. Li X., Naylor M.F., Nordquist R.E., Kent T.T., Anthony H.C., Cynthia M., et al. In situ photoimmunotherapy for late-stage melanoma patients: a preliminary study. Cancer Biol. Ther 2010, 10(11):1077-1214.
29. Li X., Ferrel G.L., Guerra M.C., Hode T., Lunn J.A., Adalsteinsson O., et al. Preliminary safety and efficacy results of laser immunotherapy for the treatment of metastatic breast cancer patients. Photochem. Photobiol. Sci 2011, 10(5):817-821.
30. Copier J., Dalgleish A. Overview of tumor cell-based vaccines. Int. Rev. Immunol 2006, 25(5-6):297-319.
31. Chen W.R., Carubelli R., Liu H., Nordquist R.E. Laser immunotherapy: a novel treatment modality for metastatic tumors. Mol. Biotechnol 2003, 25(1):37-43.
32. Chen W.R., Adams R.L., Heaton S., Dickey D.T., Bartels K.E., Nordquist R.E. Chromophore-enhanced laser-tumor tissue photothermal interaction using 808 nm diode laser. Cancer Lett 1995, 88(1):15-19.
33. Liang C., Diao S., Wang C., Gong H., Liu T., Hong G., et al. Tumor metastasis inhibition by imaging-guided photothermal therapy with single-walled carbon nanotubes. Adv. Mater 2014, 26(32):5646-5652.
34. Iizuka M.N., Vitkin I.A., Kolios M.C., Sherar M.D. The effects of dynamic optical properties during interstitial laser photocoagulation. Phys. Med. Biol 2000, 45(5):1335-1357.
35. Chen W.R., Adams R.L., Bartels K.E., Nordquist R.E. Chromophore-enhanced in vivo tumor cell destruction using an 808-nm diode laser. Cancer Lett 1995, 94(2):125-131.
36. Chen W.R., Adams R.L., Higgins A.K., Bartels K.E., Nordquist R.E. Photothermal effects on murine mammary tumors using indocyanine green and an 808-nm diode laser: an in vivo efficacy study. Cancer Lett 1996, 98(2):169-173.
37. Huang X.H., El-Sayed I.H., Qian W., El-Sayed M.A. Cancer cell imaging and photothermal therapy in the near-infrared region by using gold nanorods. J. Am. Chem. Soc 2006, 128(6):2115-2120.
38. Zhou F., Xing D., Ou Z., Wu B., Resasco D.E., Chen W.R. Cancer photothermal therapy in the near-infrared region by using single-walled carbon nanotubes. J. Biomed. Opt 2009, 14:021009.
39. Yang K., Zhang S., Zhang G., Sun X., Lee S.T., Liu Z. Graphene in mice: ultrahigh in vivo tumor uptake and efficient photothermal therapy. Nano Lett 2010, 10(9):3318-3323.
40. Cheng L., Yang K., Li Y., Chen J., Wang C., Shao M., et al. Facile preparation of multifunctional upconversion nanoprobes for multimodal imaging and dual-targeted photothermal therapy. Angew Chem Int Edit 2011, 50(32):7385-7390.
41. Zhou F., Wu S., Wu B., Chen W.R., Xing D. Mitochondria-targeting single-walled carbon nanotubes for cancer photothermal therapy. Small 2011, 7(19):2727-2735.
42. Jaque D., Martínez Maestro L., del Rosal B., Haro-Gonzalez P., Benayas A., Plaza J.L., et al. Nanoparticles for photothermal therapies. Nanoscale 2014, 6:9494-9530.
43. Li X., Min M., Du N., Gu Y., Hode T., Naylor M., et al. Chitin, chitosan, and glycated chitosan regulate immune responses: the novel adjuvants for cancer vaccine. Clin. Dev. Immunol 2013, 2013:387023.
44. Montomoli E., Piccirella S., Khadang B., Mennitto E., Camerini R., De Rosa A. Current adjuvants and new perspectives in vaccine formulation. Expert Rev. Vaccines 2011, 10(7):1053-1061.
45. Vogel F.R., Powell M.F. A compendium of vaccine adjuvants and excipients. Pharm. Biotechnol 1995, 6:141-228.
46. Yang M., Yan Y., Fang M., Wan M., Wu X., Zhang X., et al. MF59 formulated with CpG ODN as a potent adjuvant of recombinant HSP65-MUC1 for inducing anti-MUC1(+) tumor immunity in mice. Int. Immunopharmacol 2012, 13(4):408-416.
47. Cluff C.W. Monophosphoryl lipid A (MPL) as an adjuvant for anti-cancer vaccines: clinical results. Adv. Exp. Med. Biol 2010, 667:111-123.
48. Gupta R.K., Siber G.R. Adjuvants for human vaccines-current status, problems and future prospects. Vaccine 1995, 13(14):1263-1276.
49. Hoft D.F., Brusic V., Sakala I.G. Optimizing vaccine development. Cell. Microbiol 2011, 13(7):934-942.
50. Cebon J. Cancer vaccines: where are we going?. Asia Pac J Clin Oncol 2010, S1:S9-S15.
51. Schlom J. Therapeutic cancer vaccines: current status and moving forward. J. Natl Cancer Inst 2012, 104(8):599-613.
52. Leroux-Roels G. Unmet needs in modern vaccinology: adjuvants to improve the immune response. Vaccine 2010, 28(S3):C25-C36.
53. Mesa C., Fernández L.E. Challenges facing adjuvants for cancer immunotherapy. Immunol. Cell Biol 2004, 82:644-650.
54. Schijns V.E. Mechanisms of vaccine adjuvant activity: initiation and regulation of immune responses by vaccine adjuvants. Vaccine 2003, 21(9-10):829-831.
55. McKee A.S., MacLeod M.K.L., Kappler J.W., Marrack P. Immune mechanisms of protection: can adjuvants rise to the challenge?. BMC Biol 2010, 8:37.
56. Sugano M., Watanabe S., Kishi A., Izume M., Ohtakara A. Hypocholesterolemic action of chitosans with different viscosity in rats. Lipids 1988, 23(3):187-191.
57. Chung Y.C., Yeh J.Y., Tsai C.F. Antibacterial characteristics and activity of water-soluble chitosan derivatives prepared by the Maillard reaction. Molecules 2011, 16(10):8504-8514.
58. Suzuki K., Okawa Y., Hashimoto K., Suzuki S., Suzuki M. Protecting effect of chitin and chitosan on experimentally induced murine candidiasis. Microbiol. Immunol 1984, 28(8):903-912.
59. Jarmila V., Vavríková E. Chitosan derivatives with antimicrobial, antitumour and antioxidant activities - a review. Curr. Pharm. Des 2011, 17(32):3596-3607.
60. Nishimura K., Nishimura S., Nishi N., Saiki I., Tokura S., Azuma I. Immunological activity of chitin and its derivatives. Vaccine 1984, 2(1):93-99.
61. van der Lubben I.M., Verhoef J.C., Borchard G., Junginger H.E. Chitosan for mucosal vaccination. Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev 2001, 52(2):139-144.
62. Read R.C., Naylor S.C., Potter C.W., Bond J., Jabbal-Gill I., Fisher A., et al. Effective nasal influenza vaccine delivery using chitosan. Vaccine 2005, 23(35):4367-4374.
63. McNeela E.A., Jabbal-Gill I., Illum L., Pizza M., Rappuoli R., Podda A., et al. Intranasal immunization with genetically detoxified diphtheria toxin induces T cell responses in humans: enhancement of Th2 responses and toxin-neutralizing antibodies by formulation with chitosan. Vaccine 2004, 22(8):909-914.
64. Zaharoff D.A., Rogers C.J., Hance K.W., Schlom J., Greiner J.W. Chitosan solution enhances both humoral and cell-mediated immune responses to subcutaneous vaccination. Vaccine 2007, 25(11):2085-2094.
65. Xu F., Liu H., Wu X., Jiang H., Nordquist R.E., Chen W.R. Measurement of x-ray attenuation coefficients of aqueous solutions of indocyanine green and glycated chitosan. Med. Phys 1999, 26(7):1371-1374.
66. Chen W.R., Liu H., Yue W., Wang J., Nordquist R.E. Dynamically observing intratumor injection of laser-absorbing dye and immunoadjuvant using digital x-ray imaging technique. Opt. Eng 2001, 40(7):1249-1254.
67. Chen W.R., Korbelik M., Bartels K.E., Liu H., Sun J., Nordquist R.E. Enhancement of laser cancer treatment by a chitosan-derived immunoadjuvant. Photochem. Photobiol 2005, 81(1):190-195.
68. Chen W.R., Huang Z., Korbelik M., Nordquist R.E., Liu H. Photoimmunotherapy for cancer treatment. J. Environ. Pathol. Toxicol. Oncol 2006, 25(1-2):281-291.
69. Chen Y.L., Wang C.Y., Yang F.Y., Wang B.S., Chen J.Y., Lin L.T., et al. Synergistic effects of glycated chitosan with high-intensity focused ultrasound on suppression of metastases in a syngeneic breast tumor model. Cell Death Dis 2014, 5:e1178.
70. Reinhold H.S., Endrich B. Tumor microcirculation as a target for hyperthermia. Int. J. Hyperthermia 1986, 2(2):111-137.
71. Thistlethwaite A.J., Leeper D.B., Moylan D.J., Nerlinger R.E. pH distribution in human tumors. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys 1985, 11(9):1647-1652.
72. Dewey W.C., Hopwood L.E., Sapareto S.A., Gerweck L.E. Cellular responses to combinations of hyperthermia and radiation. Radiology 1977, 123(2):463-474.
73. Sapareto S.A., Dewey W.C. Thermal dose determination in cancer therapy. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys 1984, 10(6):787-800.
74. Field S.B., Morris C.C. The relationship between heating time and temperature: its relevance to clinical hyperthermia. Radiother. Oncol 1983, 1(2):179-186.
75. Anghileri L.J., Robert J. Hyperthermia in Cancer Treatment 1986, CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL.
76. Yoon T.J., Kim J.Y., Kim H., Hong C., Lee H., Lee C.K., et al. Anti-tumor immunostimulatory effect of heat-killed tumor cells. Exp. Mol. Med 2008, 40(1):130-144.
77. Jager E., Jager D., Knuth A. Antigen-specific immunotherapy and cancer vaccines. Int. J. Cancer 2003, 106(6):817-820.
78. Mukhopadhaya A., Mendecki J., Dong X., Liu L., Kalnicki S., Garg M., et al. Localized hyperthermia combined with intratumoral dendritic cells induces systemic antitumor immunity. Cancer Res 2007, 67(16):7798-7806.
79. Chen T., Guo J., Han C., Yang M., Cao X. Heat shock protein 70, released from heat-stressed tumor cells, initiates antitumor immunity by inducing tumor cell chemokine production and activating dendritic cells via TLR4 pathway. J. Immunol 2009, 182(3):1449-1459.
80. Rylander M.N., Feng Y., Bass J., Diller K.R. Heat shock protein expression and injury optimization for laser therapy design. Lasers Surg. Med 2007, 39(9):731-746.
81. Prohaszka Z. Chaperones as part of immune networks. Adv. Exp. Med. Biol 2007, 594:159-166.
82. Hamblin M.R., Huang Y.Y. Handbook of Photomedicine 2013, CRC Press, New York.
83. Le K., Li X., Figueroa D., Towner R.A., Garteiser P., Saunders D., et al. Assessment of thermal effects of interstitial laser phototherapy on mammary tumors using proton resonance frequency method. J. Biomed. Opt 2011, 16(12):128001.
84. Chen Y., Gnyawali S.C., Wu F., Liu H., Tesiram Y.A., Abbott A., et al. Magnetic resonance imaging guidance for laser photothermal therapy. J. Biomed. Opt 2008, 13(4):044033.
85. Zhou F., Song S., Chen W.R., Xing D. Immunostimulatory properties of glycated chitosan. J Xray Sci Technol 2011, 19(2):285-292.
86. Zhou F., Xing D., Chen W.R. Regulation of HSP70 on activating macrophages using PDT-induced apoptotic cells. Int. J. Cancer 2009, 125(6):1380-1389.
87. Gong J., Zhang Y., Durfee J., Weng D., Liu C., Koido S., et al. A heat shock protein 70-based vaccine with enhanced immunogenicity for clinical use. J. Immunol 2010, 184(1):488-496.
88. Segal B.H., Wang X.Y., Dennis C.G., Youn R., Repasky E.A., Manjili M.H., et al. Heat shock proteins as vaccine adjuvants in infections and cancer. Drug Discov. Today 2006, 11(11-12):534-540.
89. Nishikawa M., Takemoto S., Takakura Y. Heat shock protein derivatives for delivery of antigens to antigen presenting cells. Int. J. Pharm 2008, 354(1-2):23-27.
90. Song S., Zhou F., Chen W.R., Xing D. PDT-induced HSP70 externalization up-regulates NO production via TLR2 signal pathway in macrophages. FEBS Lett 2013, 587(2):128-135.
91. Torigoe T., Tamura Y., Sato N. Heat shock proteins and immunity: application of hyperthermia for immunomodulation. Int. J. Hyperthermia 2009, 25(8):610-616.
92. Yang W.L., Nair D.G., Makizumi R., Gallos G., Ye X., Sharma R.R., et al. Heat shock protein 70 is induced in mouse human colon tumor xenografts after sublethal radiofrequency ablation. Ann. Surg. Oncol 2004, 11(4):399-406.
93. Sallusto F., Cella M., Danieli C., Lanzavecchia A. Dendritic cells use macropinocytosis and the mannose receptor to concentrate macromolecules in the major histocompatibility complex class II compartment: downregulation by cytokines and bacterial products. J. Exp. Med 1995, 182(2):389-400.
94. Figdor C.G., van Kooyk Y., Adema G.J. C-type lectin receptors on dendritic cells and Langerhan cells. Nat. Rev. Immunol 2002, 2(2):77-84.
95. Möller P.H., Ivarsson K., Stenram U., Radnell M., Tranberg K.-G. Comparison between interstitial laser thermotherapy and excision of an adenocarcinoma transplanted into rat liver. Br. J. Cancer 1998, 77(11):1884-1892.
96. Sanchez-Ortiz R.F., Tannir N., Ahrar K., Wood C.G. Spontaneous regression of pulmonary metastases from renal cell carcinoma after radio frequency ablation of primary tumor: an in situ tumor vaccine?. J. Urol 2003, 170(1):178-179.
97. Jager E., Jager D., Knuth A. Antigen-specific immunotherapy and cancer vaccines. Int. J. Cancer 2003, 106(6):817-820.