Treatment of urodelans based on temperature dependent infection dynamics of Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans

Scientific Reports

Volumn 5, Issue , 2015, Pages 8037-

  Blooi, M ^a,b   Martel, A ^a   Haesebrouck, F ^a   Vercammen, F ^b   Bonte, D ^a   Pasmans, F ^a  

^a GHENT UNIVERSITY   (Belgium)

^b CENTRE FOR RESEARCH AND CONSERVATION   (Belgium)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

FUNGAL DNA;

ANIMAL; CHYTRIDIOMYCETES; DERMATOMYCOSIS; GENETICS; GROWTH, DEVELOPMENT AND AGING; MICROBIOLOGY; MORTALITY; PATHOGENICITY; REAL TIME POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; SURVIVAL ANALYSIS; TEMPERATURE; URODELA; VETERINARY;

ANIMALS; CHYTRIDIOMYCOTA; DERMATOMYCOSES; DNA, FUNGAL; REAL-TIME POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; SURVIVAL ANALYSIS; TEMPERATURE; URODELA;

EID: 84923012086     PISSN: None     EISSN: 20452322     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1038/srep08037     Document Type: Article

References (26)

1. Longcore, J. E., Pessier, A. P.&Nichols, D. K. Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis gen et sp nov, a chytrid pathogenic to amphibians. Mycologia 91, 219-227 (1999).
2. Skerratt, L. F. et al. Spread of chytridiomycosis has caused the rapid global decline and extinction of frogs. EcoHealth 4, 125-134 (2007).
3. Daszak, P. et al. Emerging infectious diseases and amphibian population declines. Emerg. Infect. Dis. 5, 735-748 (1999).
4. Wake, D. B. & Vredenburg, V. T. Are we in the midst of the sixth mass extinction? A view from the world of amphibians. P. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 105, 11466-11473 (2008).
5. Fisher, M. C. et al. Emerging fungal threats to animal, plant and ecosystem health. Nature 484 (2012).
6. Spitzen-van der Sluijs, A. et al. Environmental determinants of recent endemism of Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis infections in amphibian assemblages in the absence of disease outbreaks. Conserv. Biol. B28, 1302-1311 (2014).
7. Martel, A. et al. Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans sp nov causes lethal chytridiomycosis in amphibians. P. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 110, 15325-15329 (2013).
8. Pasmans, F. et al. Chytridiomycosis related mortality in a midwife toad (Alytes obstetricans) in Belgium. Vlaams Diergen. Tijds. 79, 460-462 (2010).
9. Farrer, R. A. et al.Multiple emergences of genetically diverse amphibian-infecting chytrids include a globalized hypervirulent recombinant lineage. P. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 108, 18732-187368 (2011).
10. Garner, T. W. J. et al. Chytrid fungus in Europe. Emerg. Infect. Dis. 11, 1639-1641 (2005).
11. Martel, A. et al. The Absence of zoonotic agents in invasive bullfrogs (Lithobates catesbeianus) in Belgium and The Netherlands. EcoHealth 10, 344-347 (2013).
12. Kriger, K. M. & Hero, J. M. Large-scale seasonal variation in the prevalence and severity of chytridiomycosis. J. Zool. 271, 352-359 (2007).
13. Bosch, J., Carrascal, L. M., Duran, L., Walker, S. & Fisher, M. C. Climate change and outbreaks of amphibian chytridiomycosis in amontane area of Central Spain; is there a link? P. Roy. Soc. B-Biol. Sci. 274 (2007).
14. Berger, L. et al. Effect of season and temperature on mortality in amphibians due to chytridiomycosis. Aust. Vet. J. 82, 434-439 (2004).
15. Martel, A. et al. Recent introduction of a chytrid fungus endangers Western Palearctic salamanders. Science 346, 630-631 (2014).
16. Woodhams, D. C., Alford, R. A. & Marantelli, G. Emerging disease of amphibians cured by elevated body temperature. Dis. Aquat. Organ. 55, 65-67 (2003).
17. Chatfield, M. W. H. & Richards-Zawacki, C. L. Elevated temperature as a treatment for Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis infection in captive frogs. Dis. Aquat. Organ. 94, 235-238 (2011).
18. Geiger, C. C., Kupfer, E., Schar, S., Wolf, S. & Schmidt, B. R. Elevated temperature clears chytrid fungus infections from tadpoles of the midwife toad, Alytes obstetricans . Amphibia-Reptilia 32, 276-280 (2011).
19. Martel, A. et al. Developing a safe antifungal treatment protocol to eliminate Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis from amphibians. Med. Myc. 49, 143-149 (2011).
20. Blooi, M. et al. Duplex real-time PCR for rapid simultaneous detection of Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis and Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans in amphibian samples. J. Clin. Microbiol. 51, 4173-4177 (2013).
21. Vredenburg, V. T., Knapp, R. A., Tunstall, T. S. & Briggs, C. J. Dynamics of an emerging disease drive large-scale amphibian population extinctions. P. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 107, 9689-9694 (2010).
22. Kinney, V. C., Heemeyer, J. L., Pessier, A. P. & Lannoo, M. J. Seasonal Pattern of Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis infection and mortality in Lithobates areolatus: affirmation of Vredenburg's ''10,000 zoospore rule''. Plos One 6, 1-10 (2011).
23. Raffel, T. R. et al. Disease and thermal acclimation in a more variable and unpredictable climate. Nat. Clim. Change 3, 146-151 (2013).
24. Piotrowski, J. S., Annis, S. L. & Longcore, J. E. Physiology of Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis, a chytrid pathogen of amphibians. Mycologia 96, 9-15 (2004).
25. Venables, W. N. & Ripley, B. D. Modern applied statistics with S. 4 edn (Springer, New York, 2002).
26. th of November 2014.Department of Pathology, Bacteriology and Avian Diseases