Normal upper plate fault reactivation in northern Chile and the subduction earthquake cycle: From geological observations and static Coulomb Failure Stress (CFS) change

Tectonophysics

Volumn 639, Issue , 2015, Pages 118-131

  Cortes Aranda J ^a   Gonzalez G ^b,c   Remy D ^d   Martinod, J ^a  

^a UNIVERSITÉ DE SAVOIE   (France)

^b Instituto de Geografia   (Chile)

^c UNIVERSIDAD CATÓLICA DEL NORTE   (Chile)

^d Environmental Research Observatory (ORE) HYBAM Centre IRD d'Ile de France   (France)

Author keywords

Coastal Forearc; Coulomb Failure Stress (CFS) models; Northern Chile; Subduction seismic cycle; Upper plate normal fault reactivation

Indexed keywords

EARTHQUAKES; GEOLOGY; PLATES (STRUCTURAL COMPONENTS); SEISMOGRAPHS; SEISMOLOGY; TECTONICS;

COULOMB FAILURE STRESS; FOREARC; NORMAL FAULTS; NORTHERN CHILE; SUBDUCTION SEISMIC CYCLE;

FAULTING;

ACTIVE FAULT; COSEISMIC PROCESS; EARTHQUAKE; EXTENSIONAL TECTONICS; NORMAL FAULT; PLATE TECTONICS; STRESS CHANGE; SUBDUCTION ZONE;

ANTOFAGASTA; CHILE; MEJILLONES PENINSULA;

EID: 84922274080     PISSN: 00401951     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.tecto.2014.11.019     Document Type: Article

References (70)

1. Adam J., Reuther C.D. Crustal dynamics and active fault mechanics during subduction erosion. Application of frictional wedge analysis on to the North Chilean Forearc. Tectonophysics 2000, 321:297-325.
2. Aki K., Richards P.G. Quantitative Seismology, 932 pp 1980, W.H. Freeman & Co., New York.
3. Allmendinger R.W., González G. Neogene to Quaternary Tectonics of the Coastal Cordillera, northern Chile. Tectonophysics 2010, 495:93-110. 10.1016/j.tecto.2009.04.019.
4. ANCORP Working Group Seismic imaging of an active continental margin and plateau in the Central Andes (Andean Continental Research Project (ANCORP) 1996). J. Geophys. Res. 2003, 108:B7.
5. Anderson G., Johnson H. A new statistical test for static stress triggering: application to the 1987 Superstition Hills earthquake sequence. J. Geophys. Res. 1999, 104:20153-20168.
6. Angermann D., Klotz J., Reigber C. Space-geodetic estimation of the Nazca-South America Euler vector. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 1999, 171:329-334.
7. Arabasz, W.J., 1971. Geological and geophysical studies of the Atacama Fault System in northern Chile. Unpublished Ph. D. thesis. California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California. 275 pp.
8. Armijo R., Thiele R. Active faulting in northern Chile: ramp stacking and lateral decoupling along a subduction plate boundary?. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 1990, 98:40-61.
9. Aron F., Allmendinger R., Cembrano J., González G., Yáñez G. Permanent fore-arc extension and seismic segmentation: insights from the 2010 Maule earthquake, Chile. J. Geophys. Res. Solid Earth 2013, 118:1-16. 10.1029/2012JB009339.
10. Béjar-Pizarro M., Carrizo D., Socquet A., Armijo R. Asperities and barriers on the seismogenic zone in North Chile: state of the art after the 2007 Mw 7.7 Tocopilla earthquake inferred by GPS and InSAR data. Geophys. J. Int. 2010, 183:390-406.
11. Bejar-Pizarro M., Socquet A., Armijo R., Carrizo D., Genrich J., Simons M. Andean structural control on interseismic coupling in the North Chile subduction zone. Nat. Geosci. 2013, 10.1038/NGEO1802.
12. Bevis M., Smalley R., Herring T., Godoy J., Galban F. Crustal motion north and south of the Arica deflection: comparing recent geodetic results from the Central Andes. Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst. 1999, G3(1). (doi: 1999GC000011).
13. Bevis M., Kendrick E., Smalley R., Brooks B., Allmendinger R.W., Isacks B.L. On the strength of interplate coupling and the rate of backarc convergence in the central Andes: an analysis of the interseismic velocity field. Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst. 2001, G3(2). 10.1029/2001GC000198.
14. Chlieh M., de Chabalier J.B., Ruegg J.C., Armijo R., Dmowska R., Campos J., Feigl K.L. Crustal deformation and fault slip during the seismic cycle in the North Chile subduction zone, from GPS and InSAR observations. Geophys. J. Int. 2004, 158:695-711. 10.1111/j.1365-246X.2004.02326.x.
15. Chlieh M., Perfettini H., Tavera H., Avouac J.-P., Remy D., Nocquet J.-M., Rolandone F., Bondoux F., Gabalda G., Bonvalot S. Interseismic coupling and seismic potential along the Central Andes subduction zone. J. Geophys. Res. 2011, 116:B12405. 10.1029/2010JB008166.
16. Cocco M., Rice J.R. Pore pressure and poroelasticity effects in Coulomb stress analysis of earthquake interactions. J. Geophys. Res. Solid Earth 2002, 107(B2):ESE-2.
17. Comte D., Pardo M. Reappraisal of great historical earthquakes in the northern Chile and southern Peru seismic gaps. Nat. Hazards 1991, 4:23-44.
18. Comte D., Suárez O. An inverted double seismic zone in Chile: evidence of phase transformation in the subducted slab. Science 1994, 263:212-215.
19. Comte D., Pardo M., Dorbath L., Dorbath C., Haessler H., Rivera L., Cisternas A., Ponce L. Determination of seismogenic interplate contact zone and crustal seismicity around Antofagasta, northern Chile using local data. Geophys. J. Int. 1994, 116:553-561. 10.1111/j.1365-246X.1994.tb03279.x.
20. Cortés, J.A., 2012. Actividad de fallas de la placa superior en el antearco costero del norte de chile (~23°30's): Paleosismología, implicancias neotectónicas y relación con el ciclo de subducción. Unpublished PhD thesis. Universidad Católica del Norte, Antofagasta, Chile -Université Paul Sabatier Toulouse III, France, 346pp.
21. 10Be and optically stimulated luminescence determinations. Tectonics 2012, 10.1029/2011TC002877.
22. Delouis B., Cisternas A., Dorbath L., Rivera L., Kausel E. The Andean subduction zone between 22 and 25°S (northern Chile): precise geometry and state of stress. Tectonophysics 1996, 259:81-100.
23. Delouis B., Monfret T., Dorbath L., Pardo M., Rivera L., Comte D., Haessler H., Caminade J.P., Ponce L., Kausel E., Cisternas A. The Mw=8.0 Antofagasta (Northern Chile) earthquake of 30 July 1995: a precursor to the end of the large 1877 gap. Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am. 1997, 87:427-445.
24. Delouis B., Philip H., Dorbath L., Cisternas A. Recent crustal deformation in the Antofagasta region (northern Chile) and the subduction process. Geophys. J. Int. 1998, 132:302-338. 10.1046/j.1365-246x.1998.00439.x.
25. Delouis B., Pardo M., Legrand D., Monfret T. The Mw 7.7 Tocopilla earthquake of 14 November 2007 at the southern edge of the Northern Chile seismic gap: rupture in the deep part of the coupled plate interface. Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am. 2009, 99:87-94.
26. Dieterich J. A constitutive law for rate of earthquake production and its application to earthquake clustering. J. Geophys. Res. Solid Earth 1994, 99(B2):2601-2618.
27. Farías M., Comte D., Roecker S., Carrizo D., Pardo M. Crustal extensional faulting triggered by the 2010 Chilean earthquake: The Pichilemu Seismic Sequence. Tectonics 2011, 30:TC6010. 10.1029/2011TC002888.
28. Freed A. Earthquake triggering by static, dynamic and postseismic stress transfer. Annu. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci. 2005, 33:335-367. 10.1146/annurev.earth.33.092203.122505.
29. González G., Cembrano J., Carrizo D., Macci A., Schneider H. The link between forearc tectonics and Pliocene-Quaternary deformation of the Coastal Cordillera, northern Chile. J. S. Am. Earth Sci. 2003, 16:321-342.
30. 21Ne concentrations. Tectonics 2006, 25:TC3006. 10.1029/2005TC001846.
31. Hayes G. Finite Fault Model: Updated Result of the Feb 27, 2010 Mw 8.8 Maule, Chile. Earthquake http://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eqinthenews/2010/us2010tfan/finite_fault.php.
32. Hayes G. M8.2 and Aftershocks Offshore Northern Chile Earthquake of 1 April 2014 http://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eqarchives/poster/2014/20140401.pdf.
33. Husen S., Kissling E., Flueh E.R. Local earthquake tomography of shallow subduction in north Chile: a combined onshore and offshore study. J. Geophys. Res. 2000, 105:28,183-28,198.
34. Imanishi K., Ando R., Kuwahara Y. Unusual shallow normal-faulting earthquake sequence in compressional northeast Japan activated after the 2011 off the Pacific coast of Tohoku earthquake. Geophys. Res. Lett. 2012, 39:L09306. 10.1029/2012GL051491.
35. Kendrick E., Bevis M., Smalley R., Brooks B. An integrated crustal velocity field for the Central Andes. Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst. 2001, G 3(2). 10.1029/2001GC000191.
36. Khazaradze G., Klotz J. Short- and long-term effects of GPS measured crustal deformation rates along the south central Andes. J. Geophys. Res. 2003, 108(B6):2289. 10.1029/2002JB001879.
37. King G.C., Stein R.S., Lin J. Static stress changes and the triggering of earthquakes. Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am. 1994, 84:935-953.
38. Klotz J., Angermann D., Michel G.W., Porth R., Reigber C., Reinking J., Viramonte J., Perdomo R., Rios V.H., Barrientos S., Barriga R., Cifuentes O. GPS-derived deformation of the Central Andes including the 1995 Antofagasta Mw=8.0 earthquake. Pure Appl. Geophys. 1999, 154:709-730. 10.1007/s000240050249.
39. Klotz J., Khazaradze G., Angermann D., Reigber C., Perdomo R., Cifuentes O. Earthquake cycle dominates contemporary crustal deformation in Central and Southern Andes. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 2001, 193:437-446.
40. Klotz J., Abolghasem A., Khazaradze G., Heinze B., Victor T., Hackney R., Bataille K., Maturana R., Viramonte J., Perdomo R. Long-term signals in the present-day deformation field of the Central Andes and Southern Andes and constraints on the viscosity of the earth's upper mantle. The Andes Active Subduction Orogeny 2006, 65-90. Springer-Verlag, Berlin-Heldelberg. O. Oncken, G. Chong, G. Franz, P. Giese, H.J. Götze, V. Ramos, M.R. Strecker, P. Wigger (Eds.).
41. Lay T., Kanamori H. Insights from the great 2011 Japan earthquake. Phys. Today 2011, 64:33-39.
42. Lin J., Stein R.S. Stress triggering in thrust and subduction earthquakes, and stress interaction between the southern San Andreas and nearby thrust and strike-slip faults. J. Geophys. Res. 2004, 109:B02303.
43. Lorito S., Romano F., Atzori S., Tong X., Avallone A., McCloskey J., Cocco M., Boschi E., Piatanesi A. Limited overlap between the seismic gap and coseismic slip of the great 2010 Chile earthquake. Nat. Geosci. 2011, 4:173-177. 10.1038/ngeo1073.
44. Loveless, J.P., 2007. Extensional tectonics in a convergent margin setting: deformation of the northern Chilean forearc. Unpublished PhD thesis, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, 311pp.
45. Loveless J.P., Pritchard M.E. Motion on upper plate faults during strong subduction zone earthquakes: case of the Atacama Fault System, northern Chile. Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst. 2008, 9:Q12017. 10.1029/2008GC002155.
46. Loveless J.P., Allmendinger R.W., Pritchard M.E., González G. Normal and reverse faulting driven by the subduction zone earthquake cycle in the northern Chilean forearc. Tectonics 2010, 29:TC2001. 10.1029/2009TC002465.
47. Marquardt, C., 2005. Deformations néogènes le long de la cÔte nord du Chile (23°-27°S), avant-arc des Andes Centrales. Unpublished PhD thesis, Universite Toulouse III, Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France, 212 pp.
48. Métois M., Socquet A., Vigny C., Carrizo D., Peyrat S., Delorme A., Maureira E., Valderas-Bermejo C., Ortega I. Revisiting the North Chile seismic gap segmentation using GPS derived interseismic coupling. GJI 2013, 2013. 10.1093/gji/ggt183.
49. Motagh M., Schurr B., Anderssohn J., Cailleau B., Walter T., Wang R., Villotte J. Subduction earthquake deformation associated with 14 November 2007, Mw 7.8. Tocopilla earthquake in Chile: results from InSAR and aftershocks. Tectonophysics 2010, 490:60-68. 10.1016/j.tecto.2010.04.033.
50. Niemeyer H., González G., Martínez-De Los Ríos E. Evolución tectónica cenozoica del margen continental activo de Antofagasta, norte de Chile. Rev. Geol. Chile 1996, 23:165-186.
51. Okada A. On the tectonics of the Atacama fault zone region - preliminary notes on Late Cenozoic faulting and geomorphic development of the Coastal Range of Northern Chile. Univ. Tokyo Dep. Geogr. Bull. 1971, 3:47-65.
52. Okada Y. Surface deformation due to shear and tensile faults in a halfspace. Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am. 1985, 75:1135-1154.
53. Oppenheimer D.H.P., Reasenberg A., Simpson R.W. Fault plane solutions for the 1984 Morgan Hill, California earthquake sequence: evidence for the state of stress on the Calaveras fault. J. Geophys. Res. 1988, 93:9007-9026.
54. Peyrat S., Madariaga R., Buforn E., Campos J., Asch G., Vilotte J.P. Kinematic rupture process of the 2007 Tocopilla earthquake and its main aftershocks from teleseismic and strong motion data. Geophys. J. Int. 2010, 182:1411-1430.
55. Pritchard M.E., Ji C., Simons M. Distribution of slip from 11 Mw ~6 earthquakes in the northern Chile subduction zone. J. Geophys. Res. 2006, 111:B10302. 10.1029/2005JB004013.
56. Ruegg J., Campos J., Armijo R., Barrientos S., Briole P., Thiele R., Arancibia M., Cañuta J., Duquesnoy T., Chang M., Lazo D., Lyon-Caen H., Ortlieb L., Rossignol J., Serruier L. The Mw=8.1 Antofagasta (North Chile) earthquake of July 30, 1995: first results from teleseismic and geodetic data. Geophys. Res. Lett. 1996, 23(9):917-920.
57. Ryder I., Rietbrock A., Kelson K., Bürgmann R., Floyd M., Socquet A., Vigny C., Carrizo D. Large extensional aftershocks in the continental forearc triggered by the 2010 Maule earthquake, Chile. GJI 2012, 10.1111/j.1365-246X.2011.05321.x.
58. Savage J.C. A dislocation model of strain accumulation and release at a subduction zone. J. Geophys. Res. 1983, 88(B6):4984-4996.
59. Scheuber E., Andriessen P.A.M. The kinematic and geodynamic significance of the Atacama fault zone: northern Chile. J. Struct. Geol. 1990, 12(2):243-257.
60. Simons M., Minson S., Sladen A., Ortega F., Jiang J., Owen S., Meng L., Ampuero J.P., Wei S., Chu R., Helmberger D.V., Kanamori H., Hetland E., Moore A.W., Webb F.H. The 2011 magnitude 9.0 Tohoku-Oki earthquake: mosaicking the megathrust from seconds to centuries. Science 2011, 332(1421).
61. Sobiesiak M., Meyer U., Schmidt S., Götze H.-J., Krawczyk C.M. Asperity generating upper crustal sources revealed by b value and isostatic residual anomaly grids in the area of Antofagasta, Chile. J. Geophys. Res. 2007, 112:B12308. 10.1029/2006JB004796.
62. Stein R.S., Lisowski M. The 1979 Homestead Valley earthquake sequence, California: control of aftershocks and postseismic deformation. J. Geophys. Res. 1983, 88:6477-6490.
63. Tichelaar B.W., Ruff L.J. Seismic coupling along the Chilean subduction zone. J. Geophys. Res. 1991, 96(B7):11997-12022.
64. Toda S., Stein R. Toggling of seismicity by the 1997 Kagoshima earthquake couplet: a demonstration of time-dependent stress transfer. J. Geophys. Res. Solid Earth 2003, 108(B12):2567. 10.1029/2003JB002527.
65. Toda S., Tsutsumi H. Simultaneous reactivation of two, subparallel, inland normal faults during the Mw 6.6 11 April 2011 Iwaki earthquake triggered by the Mw 9.0 Tohoku-oki, Japan, earthquake. Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am. 2013, 103(2B):1584-1602. 10.1785/0120120281.
66. Toda S., Stein R.S., Reasonberg P.A., Dieterich J.H., Yoshida A. Stress transferred by the 1995 Mw=6.9 Kobe, Japan, shock: effect on aftershocks and future earthquake probabilities. J. Geophys. Res. 1998, 103:24543-24565.
67. Toda S., Stein R.S., Richards-Dinger K., Bozkurt S. Forecasting the evolution of seismicity in southern California: animations built on earthquake stress transfer. J. Geophys. Res. 2005, 110:B05S16.
68. Victor P., Sobiesiak M., Glodny J., Nielsen S.N., Oncken O. Long-term persistence of subduction earthquake segment boundaries: evidence from Mejillones Peninsula, northern Chile. J. Geophys. Res. 2011, 116:B02402. 10.1029/2010JB007771.
69. von Huene R., Ranero C.R. Subduction erosion and basal friction along the sediment starved convergent margin off Antofagasta, Chile. J. Geophys. Res. 2003, 108(B2):2079. 10.1029/2001JB001569.
70. Wells D.L., Coppersmith K.J. New empirical relationships among magnitude, rupture length, rupture width, rupture area, and surface displacement. Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am. 1994, 84(4):974-1002.