Topsoil removal in degraded rich fens: Can we force an ecosystem reset?

Ecological Engineering

Volumn 77, Issue , 2015, Pages 225-232

  Emsens, Willem Jan ^a   Aggenbach, Camiel J S ^a,b   Smolders, Alfons J P ^c,d   van Diggelen, Rudy ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ANTWERP   (Belgium)

^b KWR WATERCYCLE RESEARCH INSTITUTE   (Netherlands)

^c RADBOUD UNIVERSITY NIJMEGEN   (Netherlands)

^d B WARE Research Centre   (Netherlands)

Author keywords

Alternative state; Drainage; Eutrophication; Peatland restoration; Rich fen; Topsoil removal

Indexed keywords

BIOGEOCHEMISTRY; DRAINAGE; EUTROPHICATION; FORESTRY; GROUNDWATER; LAND USE; LANDFORMS; MULTIVARIANT ANALYSIS; NUTRIENTS; PEAT; POSITIVE IONS; RESTORATION; WATER;

ALTERNATIVE STATE; BIOGEOCHEMICAL PROPERTY; EFFECTIVE MECHANISMS; MULTI VARIATE ANALYSIS; NUTRIENT LIMITATIONS; ORGANIC MATTER CONTENT; PEATLAND; RICH FEN;

WETLANDS;

BIOLOGICAL PRODUCTION; BULK DENSITY; EUTROPHICATION; FEN; HABITAT CONSERVATION; HERB; LAND USE CHANGE; NUTRIENT LIMITATION; PEAT; PHYTOMASS; POLLUTANT REMOVAL; TOPSOIL;

WESTERN EUROPE;

BRYOPHYTES;

EID: 84921862066     PISSN: 09258574     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2015.01.029     Document Type: Article

References (50)

1. Aggenbach C.J.S., Backx H., Emsens W.J., Grootjans A.P., Lamers L.P.M., Smolders A.J.P., Stuyfzand P.J., Wolejko L., Van Diggelen R. Do high iron concentrations in rewetted rich fens hamper restoration?. Preslia 2013, 85:405-420.
2. Allison M., Ausden M. Successful use of topsoil removal and soil amelioration to create heathland vegetation. Biol. Conserv. 2004, 120:221-228.
3. Beltman B., Van den Broek T., Barendregt A., Bootsma M.C., Grootjans A.P. Rehabilitation of acidified and eutrophied fens in The Netherlands: effects of hydrologic manipulation and liming. Ecol. Eng. 2001, 17:21-31.
4. Bennington C.C., Thayne W.V. Use and misuse of mixed-model analysis of variance in ecological-studies. Ecology 1994, 75:717-722.
5. Boeye D., Vanstraaten D., Verheyen R.F. A recent transformation from poor to rich fen caused by artificial groundwater recharge. J. Hydrol. 1995, 169:111-129.
6. Bragazza L., Buttler A., Siegenthaler A., Mitchell E.A. Plant litter decomposition and nutrient release in peatlands. Carbon cycling in Northern peatlands. Geophys. Monogr. Series 2009, 184:99-110.
7. Brouns K., Verhoeven J.T.A., Hefting M.M. Short period of oxygenation releases latch on peat decomposition. Sci. Total Environ. 2014, 481:61-68.
8. Cusell C., Lamers L.P.M., van Wirdum G., Kooijman A. Impacts of water level fluctuation on mesotrophic rich fens: acidification vs. eutrophication. J. Appl. Ecol. 2013, 50:998-1009.
9. Fenner N., Williams R., Toberman H., Hughes S., Reynolds B., Freeman C. Decomposition 'hotspots' in a rewetted peatland: implications for water quality and carbon cycling. Hydrobiologia 2011, 674:51-66.
10. Gambolati G., Putti M., Teatini P., Stori G.G. Subsidence due to peat oxidation and impact on drainage infrastructures in a farmland catchment south of the Venice Lagoon. Environ. Geol. 2006, 49:814-820.
11. Graham S.A., Craft C.B., McCormick P.V., Aldous A. Forms and accumulation of soil P in natural and recently restored peatlands - Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon, USA. Wetlands 2005, 25:594-606.
12. Grootjans A.P., Schipper P.C., Vanderwindt H.J. Influence of drainage on N-mineralization and vegetation response in wet meadows. 2. Cirsio-molinietum stands. Acta Oecol.-Oecol. Plant. 1986, 7:3-14.
13. Grootjans A.P., Adema E.B., Bleuten W., Joosten H., Madaras M., Janakova M. Hydrological landscape settings of base-rich fen mires and fen meadows: an overview. Appl. Veg. Sci. 2006, 9:175-184.
14. Hautier Y., Niklaus P.A., Hector A. Competition for light causes plant biodiversity loss after eutrophication. Science 2009, 324:636-638.
15. Hennekens S.M., Schaminee J.H.J. TURBOVEG, a comprehensive data base management system for vegetation data. J. Veg. Sci. 2001, 12:589-591.
16. Klimkowska A., Van Diggelen R., Bakker J.P., Grootjans A.P. Wet meadow restoration in Western Europe: a quantitative assessment of the effectiveness of several techniques. Biol. Conserv. 2007, 140:318-328.
17. Klimkowska A., Kotowski W., van Diggelen R., Grootjans A.P., Dzierza P., Brzezinska K. Vegetation re-develoment after fen meadow restoration by topsoil removal and hay transfer. Restor. Ecol. 2009, 18:924-933.
18. Klimkowska A., Elst D.J., Grootjans A.P. Understanding long-term effects of topsoil removal in peatlands: overcoming thresholds for fen meadows restoration. Appl. Veg. Sci. 2015, 18:110-120.
19. Kooijman A.M. The decrease of rich fen bryophytes in the Netherlands. Biol. Conserv. 1992, 59:139-143.
20. Kotowski W., Thorig W., van Diggelen R., Wassen M.J. Competition as a factor structuring species zonation in riparian fens - a transplantation experiment. Appl. Veg. Sci. 2006, 9:231-240.
21. Kotowski W., van Diggelen R. Light as an environmental filter in fen vegetation. J.Veg. Sci. 2004, 15:583-594.
22. Laiho R. Decomposition in peatlands: reconciling seemingly contrasting results on the impacts of lowered water levels. Soil Biol. Biochem. 2006, 38:2011-2024.
23. Laiho R., Sallantaus T., Laine J. The effect of forestry drainage on vertical distributions of major plant nutrients in peat soils. Plant Soil 1999, 207:169-181.
24. Lamers L.P.M., Vile M.A., Grootjans A.P., Acreman M., van Diggelen R., Evans M.G., Richardson C.J., Rochefort L., Kooijman A.M., Roelofs J.G.M., Smolders A.J.P. Ecological restoration of rich fens in Europe and North America: from trial and error to an evidence-based approach. Biol. Rev. 2014, 10.1111/brv.12102.
25. Larcher W. Physiological Plant Ecology: Ecophysiology and Stress Physiology of Functional Groups 2003, Springer.
26. Londo G. Decimal scale for releves of permanent quadrats. Vegetation 1976, 33:61-64.
27. Lucassen E.C.H.E.T., Smolders A.J.P., Boedeltje G., van den Munckhof P.J.J., Roelofs J.G.M. Groundwater input affecting plant distribution by controlling ammonium and iron availability. J. Veg. Sci. 2006, 17:425-434.
28. Malson K., Backeus I., Rydin H. Long-term effects of drainage and initial effects of hydrological restoration on rich fen vegetation. Appl. Veg. Sci. 2008, 11:99-106.
29. Malson K., Rydin H. The regeneration capabilities of bryophytes for rich fen restoration. Biol. Conserv. 2007, 135:435-442.
30. Matson P.A., Parton W.J., Power A.G., Swift M.J. Agricultural intensification and ecosystem properties. Science 1997, 277:504-509.
31. Olsson P.A., Ödman A.M. Natural establishment of specialist plant species after topsoil removal and soil perturbation in degraded calcareous sandy grassland. Restor. Ecol. 2014, 22:49-56.
32. Patzelt A., Wild U., Pfadenhauer J. Restoration of wet fen meadows by topsoil removal: vegetation development and germination biology of fen species. Restor. Ecol. 2001, 9:127-136.
33. Paulissen M.P.C.P., Besalu L.E., De Bruijn H., Van der Ven P.J.M., Bobbink R. Contrasting effects of ammonium enrichment on fen bryophytes. J. Bryol. 2005, 27:109-117.
34. Phoenix G.K., Hicks W.K., Cinderby S., Kuylenstierna J.C.I., Stock W.D., Dentener F.J., Giller K.E., Austin A.T., Lefroy R.D.B., Gimeno B.S., Ashmore M.R., Ineson P. Atmospheric nitrogen deposition in world biodiversity hotspots: the need for a greater global perspective in assessing N deposition impacts. Global Change Biol. 2006, 12:470-476.
35. Romão C. Interpretation Manual of European Union Habitats 1996, European Commission.
36. Schaminee J.H.J., Weeda E.J., Westhoff V. De vegetatie van Nederland 2: Plantengemeenschappen van wateren, moerassen en natte heiden 1995, 358. Opulus Press, Uppsala/Leiden.
37. Suding K.N., Gross K.L., Houseman G.R. Alternative states and positive feedbacks in restoration ecology. Trends Ecol. Evol. 2004, 19:46-53.
38. ter Braak C., Šmilauer P. CANOCO reference manual and CanoDraw for Windows user's guide: software for canonical community ordination (version 4.5). Section on Permutation Methods 2002, Microcomputer Power, Ithaca, New York.
39. Tichy L. JUICE, software for vegetation classification. J. Veg. Sci. 2002, 13:451-453.
40. van de Riet B.P., Hefting M.M., Verhoeven J.T.A. Rewetting drained peat meadows: risks and benefits in terms of nutrient release and greenhouse gas exchange. Water Air Soil Polutt. 2013, 224:1440-1452.
41. van der Meijden R., Odé B., Groen C.L.G., Witte F.J., Bal D. Bedreigde en kwetsbare vaatplanten in Nederland. Basisrapport met voorstel voor de Rode Lijst. Gorteria 2000, 26:85-208.
42. van Diggelen R., Middleton B., Bakker J., Grootjans A., Wassen M. Fens and floodplains of the temperate zone: Present status, threats, conservation and restoration. Appl. Veg. Sci. 2006, 9:157-162.
43. van Diggelen R., Molenaar W.J., Kooijman A.M. Vegetation succession in a floating mire in relation to management and hydrology. J. Veg. Sci. 1996, 7:809-820.
44. van Duren I.C., Boeye D., Grootjans A.P. Nutrient limitations in an extant and drained poor fen: implications for restoration. Plant Ecol. 1997, 133:91-100.
45. van Landuyt W., Vanhecke L., Hoste I., et al. Rode lijst van de vaatplanten van vlaanderen en het Brussels Hoofdstedelijk Gewest. Atlas van de Flora van Vlaanderen en het Brussels Gewest 2006, INBO en de nationale plantentuin van België, Brussel. W. van Landuyt (Ed.).
46. Verhoeven J.T.A., Beltman B., Dorland E., Robat S.A., Bobbink R. Differential effects of ammonium and nitrate deposition on fen phanerogams and bryophytes. Appl. Veg. Sci. 2011, 14:149-157.
47. Wassen M.J., Venterink H.O., Lapshina E.D., Tanneberger F. Endangered plants persist under phosphorus limitation. Nature 2005, 437:547-550.
48. Whitmire S.L., Hamilton S.K. Rapid removal of nitrate and sulfate in freshwater wetland sediments. J. Environ. Qual. 2005, 34:2062-2071.
49. Zak D., Gelbrecht J., Zerbe S., Shatwell T., Barth M., Cabezas A., Steffenhagen P. How helophytes influence the phosphorus cycle in degraded inundated peat soils - implications for fen restoration. Ecol. Eng. 2014, 66:82-90.
50. Zak D., Wagner C., Payer B., Augustin J., Gelbrecht J. Phosphorus mobilization in rewetted fens: the effect of altered peat properties and implications for their restoration. Ecol. Appl. 2010, 20:1336-1349.