메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 52, Issue 1, 2015, Pages 181-189

Dynamics of epiphytic macrolichen abundance, diversity and composition in boreal forest

Author keywords

Host specificity; Intermediate disturbance hypothesis; Macrolichens; Overstorey type; Species cover; Species richness, wildfire; Stand age

Indexed keywords

ABUNDANCE; AGE CLASS; AGE STRUCTURE; BOREAL FOREST; CONSERVATION PLANNING; EPIPHYTE; FOREST COVER; LICHEN; MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS; OVERSTORY; SPECIES DIVERSITY; SUCCESSION;

EID: 84921512379     PISSN: 00218901     EISSN: 13652664     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/1365-2664.12360     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (28)

References (66)
  • 1
    • 0002154022 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A new method for non-parametric multivariate analysis of variance
    • Anderson, M.J. (2001) A new method for non-parametric multivariate analysis of variance. Austral Ecology, 26, 32-46.
    • (2001) Austral Ecology , vol.26 , pp. 32-46
    • Anderson, M.J.1
  • 3
    • 27944464373 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Performance of macrolichens and lichen genera as indicators of lichen species richness and composition
    • Bergamini, A., Scheidegger, C., Stofer, S., Carvalho, P., Davey, S., Dietrich, M. et al. (2005) Performance of macrolichens and lichen genera as indicators of lichen species richness and composition. Conservation Biology, 19, 1051-1062.
    • (2005) Conservation Biology , vol.19 , pp. 1051-1062
    • Bergamini, A.1    Scheidegger, C.2    Stofer, S.3    Carvalho, P.4    Davey, S.5    Dietrich, M.6
  • 4
    • 70450058325 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Factors controlling epiphytic lichen biomass during postfire succession in black spruce boreal forests
    • Boudreault, C., Bergeron, Y. & Coxson, D. (2009) Factors controlling epiphytic lichen biomass during postfire succession in black spruce boreal forests. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 39, 2168-2179.
    • (2009) Canadian Journal of Forest Research , vol.39 , pp. 2168-2179
    • Boudreault, C.1    Bergeron, Y.2    Coxson, D.3
  • 5
    • 0034493558 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epiphytic lichens and bryophytes on Populus tremuloides along a chronosequence in the southwestern boreal forest of Québec, Canada
    • Boudreault, C., Gauthier, S. & Bergeron, Y. (2000) Epiphytic lichens and bryophytes on Populus tremuloides along a chronosequence in the southwestern boreal forest of Québec, Canada. Bryologist, 103, 725-738.
    • (2000) Bryologist , vol.103 , pp. 725-738
    • Boudreault, C.1    Gauthier, S.2    Bergeron, Y.3
  • 7
    • 39649096248 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of time since stand-replacing fire and overstory composition on live-tree structural diversity in the boreal forest of central Canada
    • Brassard, B.W., Chen, H.Y.H., Wang, J.R. & Duinker, P.N. (2008) Effects of time since stand-replacing fire and overstory composition on live-tree structural diversity in the boreal forest of central Canada. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 38, 52-62.
    • (2008) Canadian Journal of Forest Research , vol.38 , pp. 52-62
    • Brassard, B.W.1    Chen, H.Y.H.2    Wang, J.R.3    Duinker, P.N.4
  • 9
    • 34547985306 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Network properties of an epiphyte metacommunity
    • Burns, K.C. (2007) Network properties of an epiphyte metacommunity. Journal of Ecology, 95, 1142-1151.
    • (2007) Journal of Ecology , vol.95 , pp. 1142-1151
    • Burns, K.C.1
  • 10
    • 0036025746 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dynamics of North American boreal mixedwoods
    • Chen, H.Y.H. & Popadiouk, R.V. (2002) Dynamics of North American boreal mixedwoods. Environmental Reviews, 10, 137-166.
    • (2002) Environmental Reviews , vol.10 , pp. 137-166
    • Chen, H.Y.H.1    Popadiouk, R.V.2
  • 11
    • 84858075543 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A test of ecological succession hypotheses using 55-year time-series data for 361 boreal forest stands
    • Chen, H.Y.H. & Taylor, A.R. (2012) A test of ecological succession hypotheses using 55-year time-series data for 361 boreal forest stands. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 21, 441-454.
    • (2012) Global Ecology and Biogeography , vol.21 , pp. 441-454
    • Chen, H.Y.H.1    Taylor, A.R.2
  • 12
    • 68149145670 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of tree composition upon epiphytic macrolichens and bryophytes in old forests of Acadia National Park, Maine
    • Cleavitt, N.L., Dibble, A.C. & Werier, D.A. (2009) Influence of tree composition upon epiphytic macrolichens and bryophytes in old forests of Acadia National Park, Maine. Bryologist, 112, 467-487.
    • (2009) Bryologist , vol.112 , pp. 467-487
    • Cleavitt, N.L.1    Dibble, A.C.2    Werier, D.A.3
  • 13
    • 0017806329 scopus 로고
    • Diversity in tropical rain forests and coral reefs - High diversity of trees and corals is maintained only in a non-equilibrium state
    • Connell, J.H. (1978) Diversity in tropical rain forests and coral reefs - High diversity of trees and corals is maintained only in a non-equilibrium state. Science, 199, 1302-1310.
    • (1978) Science , vol.199 , pp. 1302-1310
    • Connell, J.H.1
  • 14
    • 0002127478 scopus 로고
    • Ecological roles of epiphytes in nutrient cycles of forest ecosystems
    • eds M.D. Lowman & N.M. Nadkarni) - Academic Press, San Diego, CA, USA.
    • Coxson, D.S. & Nadkarni, N.M. (1995) Ecological roles of epiphytes in nutrient cycles of forest ecosystems. Forest Canopies (eds M.D. Lowman & N.M. Nadkarni), pp. 495-543. Academic Press, San Diego, CA, USA.
    • (1995) Forest Canopies , pp. 495-543
    • Coxson, D.S.1    Nadkarni, N.M.2
  • 15
    • 84889398472 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wiley, West Sussex, UK.
    • Crawley, M.J. (2007) The R Book. Wiley, West Sussex, UK.
    • (2007) The R Book
    • Crawley, M.J.1
  • 16
    • 0033818433 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Are epiphytic lichens in young forests limited by local dispersal?
    • Dettki, H., Klintberg, P. & Esseen, P.A. (2000) Are epiphytic lichens in young forests limited by local dispersal? Ecoscience, 7, 317-325.
    • (2000) Ecoscience , vol.7 , pp. 317-325
    • Dettki, H.1    Klintberg, P.2    Esseen, P.A.3
  • 17
    • 0031284508 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Species assemblages and indicator species: the need for a flexible asymmetrical approach
    • Dufrene, M. & Legendre, P. (1997) Species assemblages and indicator species: the need for a flexible asymmetrical approach. Ecological Monographs, 67, 345-366.
    • (1997) Ecological Monographs , vol.67 , pp. 345-366
    • Dufrene, M.1    Legendre, P.2
  • 18
    • 0003935328 scopus 로고
    • Ecoregions Working Group, Ecological Land Classification Series, No. 23. Sustainable Development Branch, Canadian Wildlife Service, Conservation and Protection, Environment Canada, Ottawa, ON.
    • Ecoregions Working Group (1989) Ecoclimatic Regions of Canada, First Approximation. Ecological Land Classification Series, No. 23. Sustainable Development Branch, Canadian Wildlife Service, Conservation and Protection, Environment Canada, Ottawa, ON.
    • (1989) Ecoclimatic Regions of Canada, First Approximation
  • 19
    • 84859628224 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lichen epiphyte diversity: a species, community and trait-based review
    • Ellis, C.J. (2012) Lichen epiphyte diversity: a species, community and trait-based review. Perspectives in Plant Ecology Evolution and Systematics, 14, 131-152.
    • (2012) Perspectives in Plant Ecology Evolution and Systematics , vol.14 , pp. 131-152
    • Ellis, C.J.1
  • 20
    • 2942590267 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Doubling the estimate of invertebrate biomass in a rainforest canopy
    • Ellwood, M.D. & Foster, W.A. (2004) Doubling the estimate of invertebrate biomass in a rainforest canopy. Nature, 429, 549-551.
    • (2004) Nature , vol.429 , pp. 549-551
    • Ellwood, M.D.1    Foster, W.A.2
  • 21
    • 84921533587 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Environment Canada, Canadian Climate Normals 1981-2010. Accessed on June 25, 2013.
    • Environment Canada (2014) Canadian Climate Normals 1981-2010. http://climate.weatheroffice.gc.ca/climate_normals/index_e.html. Accessed on June 25, 2013.
    • (2014)
  • 22
    • 0032413054 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Edge effects on an epiphytic lichen in fragmented forests
    • Esseen, P.A. & Renhorn, K.E. (1998) Edge effects on an epiphytic lichen in fragmented forests. Conservation Biology, 12, 1307-1317.
    • (1998) Conservation Biology , vol.12 , pp. 1307-1317
    • Esseen, P.A.1    Renhorn, K.E.2
  • 23
    • 0000564067 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epiphytic lichen biomass in managed and old-growth boreal forests: effect of branch quality
    • Esseen, P.A., Renhorn, K.E. & Petersson, R.B. (1996) Epiphytic lichen biomass in managed and old-growth boreal forests: effect of branch quality. Ecological Applications, 6, 228-238.
    • (1996) Ecological Applications , vol.6 , pp. 228-238
    • Esseen, P.A.1    Renhorn, K.E.2    Petersson, R.B.3
  • 24
    • 0028975893 scopus 로고
    • Spatial patterns and succession in a Minnesota southern boreal forest
    • Frelich, L.E. & Reich, P.B. (1995) Spatial patterns and succession in a Minnesota southern boreal forest. Ecological Monographs, 65, 325-346.
    • (1995) Ecological Monographs , vol.65 , pp. 325-346
    • Frelich, L.E.1    Reich, P.B.2
  • 25
    • 39649119837 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fire, logging, and overstory affect understory abundance, diversity, and composition in boreal forest
    • Hart, S.A. & Chen, H.Y.H. (2008) Fire, logging, and overstory affect understory abundance, diversity, and composition in boreal forest. Ecological Monographs, 78, 123-140.
    • (2008) Ecological Monographs , vol.78 , pp. 123-140
    • Hart, S.A.1    Chen, H.Y.H.2
  • 26
    • 0036218074 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epiphytic lichen response to the edge environment in a boreal Picea abies forest in central Norway
    • Hilmo, O. & Holien, H. (2002) Epiphytic lichen response to the edge environment in a boreal Picea abies forest in central Norway. Bryologist, 105, 48-56.
    • (2002) Bryologist , vol.105 , pp. 48-56
    • Hilmo, O.1    Holien, H.2
  • 27
    • 49849092907 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Simultaneous inference in general parametric models
    • Hothorn, T., Bretz, F. & Westfall, P. (2008) Simultaneous inference in general parametric models. Biometrical Journal, 50, 346-363.
    • (2008) Biometrical Journal , vol.50 , pp. 346-363
    • Hothorn, T.1    Bretz, F.2    Westfall, P.3
  • 28
    • 0000771378 scopus 로고
    • Influence of stand age and structure on the epiphytic lichen vegetation in the middle-boreal forests of Finland
    • Hyvärinen, M., Halonen, P. & Kauppi, M. (1992) Influence of stand age and structure on the epiphytic lichen vegetation in the middle-boreal forests of Finland. Lichenologist, 24, 165-180.
    • (1992) Lichenologist , vol.24 , pp. 165-180
    • Hyvärinen, M.1    Halonen, P.2    Kauppi, M.3
  • 29
    • 68149166886 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Response of six boreal tree species to stand replacing fire and clearcutting
    • Ilisson, T. & Chen, H.Y.H. (2009) Response of six boreal tree species to stand replacing fire and clearcutting. Ecosystems, 12, 820-829.
    • (2009) Ecosystems , vol.12 , pp. 820-829
    • Ilisson, T.1    Chen, H.Y.H.2
  • 30
    • 49149087272 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Consequences of disturbance on epiphytic lichens in boreal and near boreal forests
    • Johansson, P. (2008) Consequences of disturbance on epiphytic lichens in boreal and near boreal forests. Biological Conservation, 141, 1933-1944.
    • (2008) Biological Conservation , vol.141 , pp. 1933-1944
    • Johansson, P.1
  • 31
    • 41849133543 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Testing the assumptions of chronosequences in succession
    • Johnson, E.A. & Miyanishi, K. (2008) Testing the assumptions of chronosequences in succession. Ecology Letters, 11, 419-431.
    • (2008) Ecology Letters , vol.11 , pp. 419-431
    • Johnson, E.A.1    Miyanishi, K.2
  • 32
    • 77955094369 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of stand structure and tree species composition on epiphytic bryophytes in mixed deciduous-coniferous forests of Western Hungary
    • Kiraly, I. & Odor, P. (2010) The effect of stand structure and tree species composition on epiphytic bryophytes in mixed deciduous-coniferous forests of Western Hungary. Biological Conservation, 143, 2063-2069.
    • (2010) Biological Conservation , vol.143 , pp. 2063-2069
    • Kiraly, I.1    Odor, P.2
  • 33
    • 84871475784 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Factors influencing epiphytic bryophyte and lichen species richness at different spatial scales in managed temperate forests
    • Kiraly, I., Nascimbene, J., Tinya, F. & Odor, P. (2013) Factors influencing epiphytic bryophyte and lichen species richness at different spatial scales in managed temperate forests. Biodiversity and Conservation, 22, 209-223.
    • (2013) Biodiversity and Conservation , vol.22 , pp. 209-223
    • Kiraly, I.1    Nascimbene, J.2    Tinya, F.3    Odor, P.4
  • 34
    • 24944533365 scopus 로고
    • Nonmetric multidimensional scaling: a numerical method
    • Kruskal, J.B. (1964) Nonmetric multidimensional scaling: a numerical method. Psychometrika, 29, 115-129.
    • (1964) Psychometrika , vol.29 , pp. 115-129
    • Kruskal, J.B.1
  • 35
    • 0031809345 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epiphytic lichen diversity in old-growth and managed Picea abies stands in southern Finland
    • Kuusinen, M. & Siitonen, J. (1998) Epiphytic lichen diversity in old-growth and managed Picea abies stands in southern Finland. Journal of Vegetation Science, 9, 283-292.
    • (1998) Journal of Vegetation Science , vol.9 , pp. 283-292
    • Kuusinen, M.1    Siitonen, J.2
  • 36
    • 33947325306 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neither host-specific nor random: vascular epiphytes on three tree species in a Panamanian lowland forest
    • Laube, S. & Zotz, G. (2006) Neither host-specific nor random: vascular epiphytes on three tree species in a Panamanian lowland forest. Annals of Botany, 97, 1103-1114.
    • (2006) Annals of Botany , vol.97 , pp. 1103-1114
    • Laube, S.1    Zotz, G.2
  • 37
  • 38
    • 0026293380 scopus 로고
    • Differences in lichen and bryophyte communities between old-growth and Managed second-growth forests in the Swan Valley, Montana
    • Lesica, P., McCune, B., Cooper, S.V. & Hong, W.S. (1991) Differences in lichen and bryophyte communities between old-growth and Managed second-growth forests in the Swan Valley, Montana. Canadian Journal of Botany, 69, 1745-1755.
    • (1991) Canadian Journal of Botany , vol.69 , pp. 1745-1755
    • Lesica, P.1    McCune, B.2    Cooper, S.V.3    Hong, W.S.4
  • 39
    • 77954953593 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The importance of host tree age, size and growth rate as determinants of epiphytic lichen diversity in boreal spruce forests
    • Lie, M.H., Arup, U., Grytnes, J.A. & Ohlson, M. (2009) The importance of host tree age, size and growth rate as determinants of epiphytic lichen diversity in boreal spruce forests. Biodiversity and Conservation, 18, 3579-3596.
    • (2009) Biodiversity and Conservation , vol.18 , pp. 3579-3596
    • Lie, M.H.1    Arup, U.2    Grytnes, J.A.3    Ohlson, M.4
  • 40
    • 80053630957 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Competition, species interaction and ageing control tree mortality in boreal forests
    • Luo, Y. & Chen, H.Y.H. (2011) Competition, species interaction and ageing control tree mortality in boreal forests. Journal of Ecology, 99, 1470-1480.
    • (2011) Journal of Ecology , vol.99 , pp. 1470-1480
    • Luo, Y.1    Chen, H.Y.H.2
  • 41
    • 0027800044 scopus 로고
    • Gradients in epiphyte biomass in three Pseudotsuga-Tsuga forests of different ages in western Oregon and Washington
    • McCune, B. (1993) Gradients in epiphyte biomass in three Pseudotsuga-Tsuga forests of different ages in western Oregon and Washington. Bryologist, 96, 405-411.
    • (1993) Bryologist , vol.96 , pp. 405-411
    • McCune, B.1
  • 42
    • 0034046935 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lichen communities as indicators of forest health
    • McCune, B. (2000) Lichen communities as indicators of forest health. Bryologist, 103, 353-356.
    • (2000) Bryologist , vol.103 , pp. 353-356
    • McCune, B.1
  • 44
    • 0027042085 scopus 로고
    • The trade-off between species capture and quantitative accuracy in ecological inventory of lichens and bryophytes in forests in Montana
    • McCune, B. & Lesica, P. (1992) The trade-off between species capture and quantitative accuracy in ecological inventory of lichens and bryophytes in forests in Montana. Bryologist, 95, 296-304.
    • (1992) Bryologist , vol.95 , pp. 296-304
    • McCune, B.1    Lesica, P.2
  • 47
    • 77954959324 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epiphytic lichen diversity in old-growth and managed Picea abies stands in Alpine spruce forests
    • Nascimbene, J., Marini, L. & Nimis, P.L. (2010) Epiphytic lichen diversity in old-growth and managed Picea abies stands in Alpine spruce forests. Forest Ecology and Management, 260, 603-609.
    • (2010) Forest Ecology and Management , vol.260 , pp. 603-609
    • Nascimbene, J.1    Marini, L.2    Nimis, P.L.3
  • 48
    • 67349201080 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of tree age, tree size and crown structure on lichen communities in mature Alpine spruce forests
    • Nascimbene, J., Marini, L., Motta, R. & Nimis, P.L. (2009) Influence of tree age, tree size and crown structure on lichen communities in mature Alpine spruce forests. Biodiversity and Conservation, 18, 1509-1522.
    • (2009) Biodiversity and Conservation , vol.18 , pp. 1509-1522
    • Nascimbene, J.1    Marini, L.2    Motta, R.3    Nimis, P.L.4
  • 49
    • 0030873028 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hotspots of epiphytic lichen diversity in two young managed forests
    • Neitlich, P.N. & McCune, B. (1997) Hotspots of epiphytic lichen diversity in two young managed forests. Conservation Biology, 11, 172-182.
    • (1997) Conservation Biology , vol.11 , pp. 172-182
    • Neitlich, P.N.1    McCune, B.2
  • 50
    • 84880964582 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Patterns and drivers of species composition of epiphytic bryophytes and lichens in managed temperate forests
    • Ódor, P., Király, I., Tinya, F., Bortignon, F. & Nascimbene, J. (2013) Patterns and drivers of species composition of epiphytic bryophytes and lichens in managed temperate forests. Forest Ecology and Management, 306, 256-265.
    • (2013) Forest Ecology and Management , vol.306 , pp. 256-265
    • Ódor, P.1    Király, I.2    Tinya, F.3    Bortignon, F.4    Nascimbene, J.5
  • 51
    • 0034973026 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epiphytic lichen abundance: effects of stand age and composition in coastal British Columbia
    • Price, K. & Hochachka, G. (2001) Epiphytic lichen abundance: effects of stand age and composition in coastal British Columbia. Ecological Applications, 11, 904-913.
    • (2001) Ecological Applications , vol.11 , pp. 904-913
    • Price, K.1    Hochachka, G.2
  • 53
    • 0030301454 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Winter foraging ecology of woodland caribou in northeastern Washington
    • Rominger, E.M., Robbins, C.T. & Evans, M.A. (1996) Winter foraging ecology of woodland caribou in northeastern Washington. Journal of Wildlife Management, 60, 719-728.
    • (1996) Journal of Wildlife Management , vol.60 , pp. 719-728
    • Rominger, E.M.1    Robbins, C.T.2    Evans, M.A.3
  • 54
    • 84898770786 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A model for non-equilibrium metapopulation dynamics utilizing data on species occupancy, patch ages and landscape history
    • Ruete, A., Fritz, Ö. & Snäll, T. (2014) A model for non-equilibrium metapopulation dynamics utilizing data on species occupancy, patch ages and landscape history. Journal of Ecology, 102, 678-689.
    • (2014) Journal of Ecology , vol.102 , pp. 678-689
    • Ruete, A.1    Fritz, O.2    Snäll, T.3
  • 55
    • 78249239173 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spatiotemporal variations of fire frequency in central boreal forest
    • Senici, D., Chen, H.Y.H., Bergeron, Y. & Cyr, D. (2010) Spatiotemporal variations of fire frequency in central boreal forest. Ecosystems, 13, 1227-1238.
    • (2010) Ecosystems , vol.13 , pp. 1227-1238
    • Senici, D.1    Chen, H.Y.H.2    Bergeron, Y.3    Cyr, D.4
  • 56
    • 84874196028 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multi-millennial fire frequency and tree abundance differ between xeric and mesic boreal forests in central Canada
    • Senici, D., Lucas, A., Chen, H.Y.H., Bergeron, Y., Larouche, A., Brossier, B., Blarquez, O. & Ali, A.A. (2013) Multi-millennial fire frequency and tree abundance differ between xeric and mesic boreal forests in central Canada. Journal of Ecology, 101, 356-367.
    • (2013) Journal of Ecology , vol.101 , pp. 356-367
    • Senici, D.1    Lucas, A.2    Chen, H.Y.H.3    Bergeron, Y.4    Larouche, A.5    Brossier, B.6    Blarquez, O.7    Ali, A.A.8
  • 57
    • 0033306753 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Distribution of epiphytic macrolichens in relation to remnant trees in a multiple-age Douglas-fir forest
    • Sillett, S.C. & Goslin, M.N. (1999) Distribution of epiphytic macrolichens in relation to remnant trees in a multiple-age Douglas-fir forest. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 29, 1204-1215.
    • (1999) Canadian Journal of Forest Research , vol.29 , pp. 1204-1215
    • Sillett, S.C.1    Goslin, M.N.2
  • 58
    • 0034476815 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dispersal limitations of epiphytic lichens result in species dependent on old-growth forests
    • Sillett, S.C., McCune, B., Peck, J.E., Rambo, T.R. & Ruchty, A. (2000) Dispersal limitations of epiphytic lichens result in species dependent on old-growth forests. Ecological Applications, 10, 789-799.
    • (2000) Ecological Applications , vol.10 , pp. 789-799
    • Sillett, S.C.1    McCune, B.2    Peck, J.E.3    Rambo, T.R.4    Ruchty, A.5
  • 59
    • 17944396690 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spatial occurrence and colonisations in patch-tracking metapopulations: local conditions versus dispersal
    • Snäll, T., Ribeiro, P.J. Jr & Rydin, H. (2003) Spatial occurrence and colonisations in patch-tracking metapopulations: local conditions versus dispersal. Oikos, 103, 566-578.
    • (2003) Oikos , vol.103 , pp. 566-578
    • Snäll, T.1    Ribeiro, P.J.2    Rydin, H.3
  • 60
    • 84921502385 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Soil Classification Working Group, The Canadian System of Soil Classification, 3rd edn. Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Publication 1646, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
    • Soil Classification Working Group (1998) The Canadian System of Soil Classification, 3rd edn. Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Publication 1646, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, 187 pp.
    • (1998) , pp. 187
  • 61
    • 79953279673 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multiple successional pathways of boreal forest stands in central Canada
    • Taylor, A.R. & Chen, H.Y.H. (2011) Multiple successional pathways of boreal forest stands in central Canada. Ecography, 34, 208-219.
    • (2011) Ecography , vol.34 , pp. 208-219
    • Taylor, A.R.1    Chen, H.Y.H.2
  • 63
    • 0036435060 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How long do trees take to reach breast height after fire in northeastern Ontario?
    • Vasiliauskas, S. & Chen, H.Y.H. (2002) How long do trees take to reach breast height after fire in northeastern Ontario? Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 32, 1889-1892.
    • (2002) Canadian Journal of Forest Research , vol.32 , pp. 1889-1892
    • Vasiliauskas, S.1    Chen, H.Y.H.2
  • 64
    • 77954748192 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The use of chronosequences in studies of ecological succession and soil development
    • Walker, L.R., Wardle, D.A., Bardgett, R.D. & Clarkson, B.D. (2010) The use of chronosequences in studies of ecological succession and soil development. Journal of Ecology, 98, 725-736.
    • (2010) Journal of Ecology , vol.98 , pp. 725-736
    • Walker, L.R.1    Wardle, D.A.2    Bardgett, R.D.3    Clarkson, B.D.4
  • 65
    • 54049118583 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Monitoring regional status and trends in forest health with lichen communities: the United States forest service approach
    • eds P.L. Nimis, C. Scheidegger & P.A. Wolseley) - Springer, Dordrecht.
    • Will-Wolf, S. (2002) Monitoring regional status and trends in forest health with lichen communities: the United States forest service approach. Monitoring with Lichens - Monitoring Lichens (eds P.L. Nimis, C. Scheidegger & P.A. Wolseley), pp. 353-357. Springer, Dordrecht.
    • (2002) Monitoring with Lichens - Monitoring Lichens , pp. 353-357
    • Will-Wolf, S.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.