ICu admission control: An empirical study of capacity allocation and its implication for patient outcomes

Management Science

Volumn 61, Issue 1, 2015, Pages 19-38

  Kim, Song Hee ^a   Chan, Carri W ^b   Olivares, Marcelo ^c   Escobar, Gabriel ^d  

^a YALE SCHOOL OF MANAGEMENT   (United States)

^b The Sanford C Bernstein Co Center for Leadership and Ethics   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF CHILE   (Chile)

^d DIVISION OF RESEARCH   (United States)

Author keywords

Admission control; Capacity allocation; Congestion; Dynamic programming; Empirical operations management; Healthcare delivery; Quality of service

Indexed keywords

ACCESS CONTROL; COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS; COST ESTIMATING; DYNAMIC PROGRAMMING; HOSPITALS; QUALITY CONTROL; QUALITY OF SERVICE;

ADMISSION DECISION; CAPACITY ALLOCATION; CONGESTION; EMPIRICAL OPERATIONS MANAGEMENTS; HEALTHCARE DELIVERY; INSTRUMENTAL VARIABLES; OPERATIONAL FACTORS; SIMULATION FRAMEWORK;

INTENSIVE CARE UNITS;

EID: 84921022475     PISSN: 00251909     EISSN: 15265501     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1287/mnsc.2014.2057     Document Type: Article

References (75)

1. Allon G, Deo S, Lin W (2013) The impact of hospital size and occupancy of hospital on the extent of ambulance diversion: Theory and evidence. Oper. Res. 61(3):544-562.
2. Aloe K, Ryan M, Raffaniello L, Williams L (2009) Creation of an intermediate respiratory care unit to decrease intensive care utilization. J. Nursing Administration 39(11):494-498.
3. Altman E, Jiménez T, Koole G (2001) On optimal call admission control in resource-sharing system. IEEE Trans. Comm. 49(9): 1659-1668.
4. Anand K, Mendelson H (1997) Information and organization for horizontal multimarket coordination. Management Sci. 43(12): 1609-1627.
5. Anderson D, Price C, Golden B, Jank W, Wasil E (2011) Examining the discharge practices of surgeons at a large medical center. Health Care Management Sci. 14(4):1-10.
6. Armony M, Israelit S, Mandelbaum A, Marmor Y, Tseytlin Y, Yom-Tov G (2010) Patient flow in hospitals: A data-based queueing-science perspective. Working paper, New York University, New York.
7. Azoulay E, Pochard F, Chevret S, Vinsonneau C, Garrouste M, Cohen Y, Thuong M, et al. (2001) Compliance with triage to intensive care recommendations. Critical Care Medicine 29(11): 2132-2136.
8. Baker L, Atlas S, Afendulis C (2008) Expanded use of imaging technology and the challenge of measuring value. Health Affairs 27(6):1467-1478.
9. Batt R, Terwiesch C (2014) Doctors under load: An empirical study of state-dependent service times in emergency care. Working paper, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison.
10. Boumendil A, Angus D, Guitonneau A, Menn A, Ginsburg C, Takun K, Davido A, et al. (2012) Variability of intensive care admission decisions for the very elderly. PloS ONE 7(4):e34387.
11. Brilli R, Spevetz A, Branson R, Campbell G, Cohen H, Dasta J, Harvey M, et al. (2001) Critical care delivery in the intensive care unit: Defining clinical roles and the best practice model. Critical Care Medicine 29(10):2007-2019.
12. Cady N, Mattes M, Burton S (1995) Reducing intensive care unit length of stay: A stepdown unit for first-day heart surgery patients. J. Nursing Administration 25(12):29-30.
13. Cameron A, Trivedi P (1986) Econometric models based on count data. Comparisons and applications of some estimators and tests. J. Appl. Econometrics 1(1):29-53.
14. Cameron A, Trivedi P (1998) Regression Analysis of Count Data (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK).
15. Chalfin D, Trzeciak S, Likourezos A, Baumann B, Dellinger R (2007) Impact of delayed transfer of critically ill patients from the emergency department to the intensive care unit. Critical Care Medicine 35(6):1477-1483.
16. Chen L, Kennedy EH, Sales A, Hofer T (2013) Use of health IT for higher-value critical care. New England J. Medicine 368(7): 594-597.
17. Chen M, Render M, Sales A, Kennedy E, Wiitala W, Hofer T (2012) Intensive care unit admitting patterns in the Veterans Affairs health care system. Arch. Internal Medicine 172(16):1220-1226.
18. Deb P, Trivedi P (2006) Maximum simulated likelihood estimation of a negative binomial regression model with multinomial endogenous treatment. Stata J. 6(2):246-255.
19. Durbin C Jr, Kopel R (1993) A case-control study of patients readmitted to the intensive care unit. Critical Care Medicine 21(10):1547-1553.
20. Escher M, Perneger T, Chevrolet J (2004) National questionnaire survey on what influences doctors' decisions about admission to intensive care. BMJ 329(7463):425-429.
21. Escobar G, Greene J, Gardner M, Marelich G, Quick B, Kipnis P (2011) Intra-hospital transfers to a higher level of care: Contribution to total hospital and intensive care unit (ICU) mortality and length of stay (LOS). J. Hospital Medicine 6(2):74-80.
22. Escobar G, Greene J, Scheirer P, Gardner M, Draper D, Kipnis P (2008) Risk-adjusting hospital inpatient mortality using automated inpatient, outpatient, and laboratory databases. Medical Care 46(3):232-239.
23. Feldman Z, Mandelbaum A, Massey W, Whitt W (2008) Staffing of time-varying queues to achieve time-stable performance. Management Sci. 54(2):324-338.
24. Fisher E, Wennberg D, Stukel T, Gottlieb D (2004) Variations in the longitudinal efficiency of academic medical centers. Health Affairs 2004:VAR-19-VAR-32.
25. Franklin C, Rackow E, Mamdani B, Burke G, Weil M (1990) Triage considerations in medical intensive care. Arch. Internal Medicine 150(7):1455-1459.
26. Glasserman P, Yao D (1994) Monotone optimal control of permutable GSMPS. Math. Oper. Res. 19(2):449-476.
27. Green L (2003) How many hospital beds? Inquiry 39(4):400-412.
28. Green L, Savin S, Savva N (2013) Nursevendor problem: Personnel staffing in the presence of endogenous absenteeism. Management Sci. 59(10):2237-2256.
29. Halpern NA, Bettes L, Greenstein R (1994) Federal and nationwide intensive care units and healthcare costs: 1986-1992. Critical Care Medicine 22(12):2001-2007.
30. Halpern N, Pastores S, Thaler H, Greenstein R (2007) Critical care medicine use and cost among Medicare beneficiaries 1995-2000: Major discrepancies between two United States Federal Medicare databases. Critical Care Medicine 35(3):692-699.
31. Iapichino G, Corbella D, Minelli C, Mills GH, Artigas A, Edbooke DL, Pezzi A, et al. (2010) Reasons for refusal of admission to intensive care and impact on mortality. Intensive Care Medicine 36(10):1772-1779.
32. Iezzoni L, et al. (2003) Risk Adjustment for Measuring Health Care Outcomes, Vol. 3 (Health Administration Press, Ann Arbor, MI).
33. Jaeker JB, Tucker AL (2013) An empirical study of the spillover effects of workload on patient length of stay. Working paper, Boston University, Boston.
34. Kaiser Family Foundation (2012) Hospital adjusted expenses per inpatient day: California in year 2009. Accessed November 14, 2014, http://kaiserf.am/1ukoJPW.
35. Kaplan R, Porter M (2011) How to solve the cost crisis in health care. Harvard Bus. Rev. 89(9):46-52.
36. Kc D, Staats B (2012) Accumulating a portfolio of experience: The effect of focal and related experience on surgeon performance. Manufacturing Service Oper. Management 14(4):618-633.
37. Kc D, Terwiesch C (2009) Impact of workload on service time and patient safety: An econometric analysis of hospital operations. Management Sci. 55(9):1486-1498.
38. Kc D, Terwiesch C (2012) An econometric analysis of patient flows in the cardiac intensive care unit. Manufacturing Service Oper. Management 14(1):50-65.
39. Kuntz L, Mennicken R, Scholtes S (2014) Stress on the ward: Evidence of safety tipping points in hospitals. Management Sci., ePub ahead of print May 19, 2014, http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2014.1917.
40. Liu V, Kipnis P, Gould M, Escobar G (2010) Length of stay predictions: Improvements through the use of automated laboratory and comorbidity variables. Medical Care 48(8):739-744.
41. Louriz M, Abidi K, Akkaoui M, Madani N, Chater K, Belayachi J, Dendane T, Zeggwagh AA, Abouqal R (2012) Determinants and outcomes associated with decisions to deny or to delay intensive care unit admission in Morocco. Intensive Care Medicine 38(5):830-837.
42. Luyt C, Combes A, Aegerter P, Guidet B, Trouillet J, Gibert C, Chastre J (2007) Mortality among patients admitted to intensive care units during weekday day shifts compared with off hours. Critical Care Medicine 35(1):3-11.
43. Miller B (1969) A queueing reward system with several customer classes. Management Sci. 16(3):234-245.
44. Mullan F (2004) Wrestling with variation: An interview with Jack Wennberg. Health Affairs 2004:VAR-73-VAR-80.
45. O'Connor A, Llewellyn-Thomas H, Flood A (2004) Modifying unwarranted variations in health care: Shared decision making using patient decision aids. Health Affairs 2004:VAR-63-VAR-72.
46. Osadchiy N, Gaur V, Seshadri S (2013) Sales forecasting with financial indicators and experts' input. Production Oper. Management 22(5):1056-1076.
47. Papastavrou JD, Rajagopalan S, Kleywegt AJ (1996) The dynamic and stochastic knapsack problem with deadlines. Management Sci. 42(12):1706-1718.
48. Phillips R, Şimşek AS, van Ryzin G (2015) The effectiveness of field price discretion: Empirical evidence from auto lending. Management Sci. Forthcoming.
49. Pronovost P, Needham D, Waters H, Birkmeyer C, Calinawan J, Birkmeyer J, Dorman T (2004) Intensive care unit physician staffing: Financial modeling of the leapfrog standard. Critical Care Medicine 32(6):1247-1253.
50. Raftery A (1995) Bayesian model selection in social research. Sociol. Methodology 25:111-164.
51. Rainey TG, Raphaely RC, Chalfin DB, Parks LK, Fitzpatrick MA, Connor SJ, Johanso WL, Kalowes PG (1994) Joint Position Statement: Essential provisions for critical care in health system reform. Critical Care Medicine 22(12):2017-2019.
52. Ramdas K, Saleh K, Stern S, Liu H (2012) New joints more hip? Learning in the use of new components. Working paper, London Business School, London.
53. Reignier J, Dumont R, Katsahian S, Martin-Lefevre L, Renard B, Fiancette M, Lebert C, Clementi E, Bontemps F (2008) Patientrelated factors and circumstances surrounding decisions to forego life-sustaining treatment, including intensive care unit admission refusal. Critical Care Medicine 36(7):2076-2083.
54. Reis Miranda D, Jegers M (2012) Monitoring costs in the ICU: A search for a pertinent methodology. Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica 56(9):1104-1113.
55. Robert R, Reignier J, Tournoux-Facon C, Boulain T, Lesieur O, Gissot V, Souday V, Hamrouni M, Chapon C, Gouello J (2012) Refusal of intensive care unit admission due to a full unit impact on mortality. Amer. J. Respiratory Critical Care Medicine 185(10):1081-1087.
56. Shi P, Chou MC, Dai JG, Ding D, Sim J (2015) Models and insights for hospital inpatient operations: Time-dependent ED boarding time. Management Sci. Forthcoming.
57. Shmueli A, Sprung C (2005) Assessing the in-hospital survival benefits of intensive care. Internat. J. Technol. Assessment in Health Care 21(01):66-72.
58. Shmueli A, Baras M, Sprung C (2004) The effect of intensive care on in-hospital survival. Health Services and Outcomes Res. Methodology 5(3):163-174.
59. Shmueli A, Sprung C, Kaplan E (2003) Optimizing admissions to an intensive care unit. Health Care Management Sci. 6(3):131-136.
60. Simchen E, Sprung C, Galai N, Zitser-Gurevich Y, Bar-Lavi Y, Gurman G, Klein M, et al. (2004) Survival of critically ill patients hospitalized in and out of intensive care units under paucity of intensive care unit beds. Critical Care Medicine 32(8): 1654-1661.
61. Simpson H, Clancy M, Goldfrad C, Rowan K (2005) Admissions to intensive care units from emergency departments: A descriptive study. Emergency Medicine J. 22(6):423-428.
62. Singer D, Carr P, Mulley A, Thibault G (1983) Rationing intensive care physician responses to a resource shortage. New England J. Medicine 309(19):1155-1160.
63. Sprung C, Geber D, Eidelman L, Baras M, Pizov R, Nimrod A, Oppenheim A, Epstein L, Cotev S (1999) Evaluation of triage decisions for intensive care admission. Critical Care Medicine 27(6):1073-1079.
64. Strand K, Flaatten H (2008) Severity scoring in the ICU: A review. Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica 52(4):467-478.
65. Strauss M, LoGerfo J, Yeltatzie J, Temkin N, Hudson L (1986) Rationing of intensive care unit services. J. Amer. Medical Assoc. 255(9):1143-1146.
66. Task Force of the American College of Critical Care Medicine, Society of Critical Care Medicine (1999) Guidelines for intensive care unit admission, discharge, and triage. Critical Care Medicine 27(3):633-638.
67. Van Walraven C, Escobar G, Greene J, Forster A (2010) The Kaiser Permanente inpatient risk adjustment methodology was valid in an external patient population. J. Clinical Epidemiology 63(7):798-803.
68. Vanhecke T, Gandhi M, McCullough P, Lazar M, Ravikrishnan K, Kadaj P, Begle R (2008) Outcomes of patients considered for, but not admitted to, the intensive care unit. Critical Care Medicine 36(3):812-817.
69. Veatch M, Wein L (1992) Monotone control of queueing networks. Queueing Systems 12(3-4):391-408.
70. Weber R, Stidham S Jr (1987) Optimal control of service rates in networks of queues. Adv. Appl. Probab. 19(1):202-218.
71. Weinstein JN, Bronner KK, Morgan TS, Wennberg JE (2004) Trends and geographic variations in major surgery for degenerative diseases of the hip, knee, and spine. Health Affairs 2004: VAR-81-VAR-89.
72. Wennberg JE, Fisher ES, Skinner JS (2002) Geography and the debate over Medicare reform. Health Affairs 2002:W96-W114.
73. Wooldridge J (2010) Econometric Analysis of Cross Section and Panel Data (MIT Press, Cambridge, MA).
74. Yom-Tov G, Mandelbaum A (2014) Erlang-R: A time-varying queue with reentrant customers, in support of healthcare staffing. Manufacturing Service Oper. Management 16(2):283-299.
75. Ziser A, Alkobi M, Markovits R, Rozenberg B (2002) The postanaesthesia care unit as a temporary admission location due to intensive care and ward overflow. British J. Anaesthesia 88(4): 577-579.