Universal Jurisdiction: International and Municipal Legal Perspectives

Universal Jurisdiction: International and Municipal Legal Perspectives

Volumn , Issue , 2010, Pages 1-286

  Reydams, Luc ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF NOTRE DAME   (United States)

Author keywords

Criminal Trials; Extraterritorial Jurisdiction; Extraterritorial Offence; Impunity; Multilateral Conventions; Municipal Law; Resolutions

Indexed keywords

EID: 84920665543     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199274260.001.0001     Document Type: Book

References (290)

1. Ahlbrecht H and Ambos K (eds) Der Fall Pinochet(s): Auslieferung wegen Staatsverstärkter Kriminalität? (Baden-Baden, 1999)
2. American Law Institute, Restatement of the Law (Third), The Foreign Relations Law of the United States (St Paul, MN, 1987) 2 vols
3. Archbold, Criminal Pleading, Evidence and Practice (London, 2000)
4. Badi J (ed) Fundamental Laws of the State of Israel (New York, 1961)
5. Bassiouni MC, A Draft International Criminal Code and Draft Statute for an International Criminal Court (Dordrecht, 1987)
6. Bassiouni MC, International Criminal Law Conventions and their Penal Provisions (Irvington-on-Hudson, NY, 1997)
7. Bassiouni MC, and Wise EM, Aut Dedere Aut Judicare: The Duty to Extradite or Prosecute in International Law (Dordrecht; Boston, 1995)
8. Bevan D, A Case to Answer: The story of Australia's first European war crimes prosecution (Kent Town, South Australia, 1994)
9. Bindung K, Handbuch des Strafrechts, l. Band (Leipzich, 1885)
10. Bin-Nun A, The Law of the State of Israel: An Introduction (Jerusalem, 1992)
11. Bosly HD and Vandermeersch D, Droit de procédure pénale (Brussels, 1999)
12. Boulesbaa A, The UN Convention on Torture and the Prospects for Enforcement (The Hague; Boston; London, 1999)
13. Brody R and Ratner M (eds) The Pinochet Papers: The Case of Augusto Pinochet in Spain and Britain (The Hague; London; Boston, 2000)
14. Brownlie I, Principles of Public International Law (Oxford, 4th edn, 1990)
15. Burgers JH and Danelius H, The United Nations Convention against Torture:A Handbook on the Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment (Dordrecht; Boston, 1988)
16. Cameron I, The Protective Principle of International Criminal Jurisdiction (Aldershot, England; Brookfield, VT, 1994)
17. Dahm G, Zur Problematik des Völkerstrafrechts (Göttingen, 1956)
18. D'Amato A, The Concept of Custom in International Law (Ithaca; London, 1971)
19. De Hoogh A, Obligations erga omnes and International Crimes: A Theoretical Inquiry into the Implementation and Enforcement of the International Responsibility of States (The Hague, 1996)
20. de La Pradelle E, La Conférence Diplomatique et les Nouvelles Conventions de Genève du 12 Août 1949 (Paris, 1951)
21. Desportes F and Le Gunchec F, Le nouveau droit pénal (Paris, 1995)
22. de Vattel E, Le droit des gens ou les principes de la loi naturelle appliqués à la conduite et aux affaires des Nations et des Souverains (1758) (translated by J Chitty, The Law of Nations or Principles of Natural Law Applied to the Conduct and Affairs of Nations and Sovereigns (Philadelphia, 1839))
23. de Visscher C, Theory and Reality in Public International Law (translated from the French by PE Corbett) (Princeton, 1968)
24. Donnedieu de Vabres H, Les principes modernes du droit pénal international (Paris, 1928)
25. Drost PN, Genocide: United Nations Legislation on International Criminal Law (Leiden, 1959)
26. Foregger E and Kodek G, Strafgesetzbuch: Kurzkommentar (Vienna, 6th edn, 1997)
27. Friedmann W, The Changing Structure of International Law (New York, 1964)
28. Glaser S, Infraction internationale: Ses éléments constitutifs et ses aspects juridiques (Paris, 1957)
29. Grotius H, De Jure Belli ac Pacis Libri Tres (1625) (translated by FW Kelsey, The Law of War and Peace (Oxford, 1925))
30. Hauri K, Militärstrafgesetz: Kommentar (Bern, 1983)
31. Henrich A, Das passive Personalitätsprinzip im deutschen Strafrecht (Freiburg i. Br., 1994)
32. Henzelin M, Le principe de l'universalité en droit pénal international (Basel; Geneva; Munich; Brussels, 2000)
33. Higgins R, Problems and Process: International Law and How We Use it (Oxford, 1994)
34. Høyer G, Spencer M, and Greve V, The Danish Criminal Code (Copenhagen, 1997)
35. Huet A and Koering-Joulin R, Droit pénal international (Paris, 1994)
36. Human Rights Watch and International Federation of Human Rights Leagues, Leave None to Tell the Story: Genocide in Rwanda (New York; Washington; London; Brussels; Paris, 1999)
37. Ingelse C, The UN Committee Against Torture: An Assessment (The Hague; Boston; London, 2001)
38. Janis MW, An Introduction to International Law (Gaithersburg, NY, 3rd edn, 1999)
39. Jescheck HH and Weigend T, Lehrbuch des Strafrechts, Allgemeiner Teil (Berlin, 5th edn, 1996)
40. Keck ME and Sikkink K, Activists Beyond Borders: Advocacy Networks in International Politics (Ithaca; London, 1998)
41. Kelsen H, Principles of International Law (New York; Chicago; San Francisco, Toronto; London, 2nd edn, 1966)
42. Kohler J, Internationales Strafrecht (Stuttgart, 1917)
43. Koskenniemi M, From Apology to Utopia: The Structure of the International Legal Argument (Helsinki, 1989)
44. Lauterpacht E, International Law: Being the collected papers of Mersch Lauterpacht, Systematically arranged and edited by E Lauterpacht (Cambridge, 1970)
45. Li H, Die Prinzipien des internationalen Strafrechts: Eine vergleichende Untersuchung zwischen dem internationalen Strafrecht der Volksrepublik China und dem der Bundesrepublik Deutschland (Pfaffenweiler, 1991)
46. Lambert JJ, Terrorism and Hostages in International Law: A Commentary on the Hostages Convention 1979 (Cambridge, 1990)
47. Lemkin R, Axis Rule in Occupied Europe: Laws of Occupation, Analysis of Government, Proposals for Redress (Washington, DC, 1944)
48. Les Novelles, Corpus Juris Belgici, Procédure Pénale, vol. I (Brussels, 1946)
49. Lombois C, Droit pénal international (Paris, 1971)
50. Mann FA, Further Studies in International Law (Oxford; New York, 1990)
51. Meili F, Lehrbuch des internationalen Strafrechts und Strafprozeßrechts (Zurich, 1910)
52. Nguyen Quoc Dinh, Daillier P, and Pellet A, Droit Public International (Paris, 4th edn, 1992)
53. Oehler D, Internationales Strafrecht. Geltungsbereich des Strafrechts. Internationales Rechtshilferecht. Recht der Gemeinschaften, Völkerstrafrecht (Cologne; Berlin; Bonn; Munich, 2nd edn, 1983)
54. Oppenheim L, International Law: A Treatise, vol. I, Peace (London; New York, 3rd edn, 1920)
55. Orie AMM, van der Meijs JG, and Smit AMG, Internationaal Strafrecht (Zwolle, 2nd edn, 1991)
56. Panken U and Wouters J (eds) De Genocidewet in internationaal perspectief (Brussels, 2002)
57. Pappas C, Stellvertretende Strafrechtspflege (Freiburg i. Br., 1996)
58. Pictet J, The Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949: Commentary published under the general editorship of Jean S. Pictet, I, Geneva Convention for the Amelioration of the Condition of the Wounded and Sick in Armed Forced in the Field (Geneva, 1952)
59. Ragazzi M, The Concept of International Obligations Erga Omnes (Oxford; New York, 1997)
60. Robinson N, The Genocide Convention: A Commentary (New York, 1960)
61. Rosswog E, Das Problem der Vereinbarkeit des aktiven und passiven Personalgrundsatzes mit dem Völkerrecht (Bonn, 1965)
62. Rubin AP, The Law of Piracy (Irvington-on-Hudson, NY, 2nd edn, 1997)
63. Rubin AP, Ethics and Authority in International Law (Cambridge, 1998)
64. Schabas WA, Genocide in International Law (Cambridge, 2000)
65. Schwaighofer K, StGB-Kommentar: System und Praxis (Vienna, 1997)
66. Shelton D, Remedies in International Human Rights Law (Oxford, 1999)
67. Shubber S, Jurisdiction Over Crimes On Board Aircraft (Dordrecht, 1973)
68. Simma B (ed) Kommentar zur Charta der Vereinten Nationen (Munich, 1991)
69. Solna G, Das Weltrechtsprinzip im internationalen Strafrecht (np, 1925)
70. Steinhardt RG and D'Amato A (eds) The Alien Tort Claims Act: An analytical anthology (Ardsley, NY, 1999)
71. Stephens B and Ratner M, International Human Rights Litigation in US Courts (Irvington-on-Hudson, NY, 1996)
72. Strijards GAM, Internationaal Strafrecht: Strafmachtsrecht (Arnhem, 1984)
73. Swart AHJ, De berechting van internationale misdrijven (Deventer, 1996)
74. Swart B and Klip A (eds) International Criminal Law in the Netherlands (Freiburg i. Br., 1997)
75. Traub M, Das Universelle Schutzprinzip und das Prinzip der identische Norm, als ein regulierender Faktor der staatlichen Strafkompetenz (Breslau, 1913)
76. Travers M, Le droit pénal international et sa mise en oeuvre en temps de paix et en temps de guerre, tome I, Principes, Régles générales de compétence des lois répressives (Paris, 1920)
77. Vander Beken T, Forumkeuze in het internationaal strafrecht: Verdeling van misdrijven met aanknopingspunten in meerdere staten (Antwerp; Apeldoorn, 1999)
78. Vermeulen G, Vander Beken T, Zanders P, and De Ruyver B, Internationale samen-werking in strafzaken en rechtsbescherming: Pleidooi voor een geïntegreerde nationale en internationale benadering (Brussels, 1995)
79. Wendt W, Das passive Personalitätsprinzip (Kiel, 1965)
80. Williams SA and Castel JG, Canadian Criminal Law: International and Transnational Aspects (Toronto, 1981)
81. Wolswijk HD, Locus delicti en rechtsmacht (Deventer; Utrecht, 1998)
82. Ambos K and Wirth S, 'Genocide and War Crimes in the Former Yugoslavia Before German Criminal Courts' in Fischer H, Kreß C, and Lüder SR (eds) International and National Prosecutions of Crimes under International Law:Current Developments (Berlin, 2001) 769-97
83. Akehurst M, 'Jurisdiction in International Law' (1972-73) 46 British Ybk Int'l L 145-257
84. Andries A, Van den Wyngaert C, David E, and Verhaegen J, 'Commentaire de la loi du 16 juin 1993 relative à la répression des infractions graves au droit international humanitaire' (1994) 74 Revue de Droit Pénal et de Criminologie 1114-84
85. Baauw P, 'Ne bis in idem' in Swart B and Klip A (eds) International Criminal Law in the Netherlands (Freiburg i. Br., 1997) 75-84
86. Bassiouni MC, 'Universal Jurisdiction for International Crimes: Historical Perspectives and Contemporary Practice' (2001) 42 Virginia J Int'l L 81-156
87. Baxter RR, 'Jurisdiction over War Crimes and Crimes Against Humanity:Individual and State Accountability' in Bassiouni MC and Nanda VP (eds) A Treatise on International Criminal Law (Springfield, IL, 1973) 65-96
88. Beckett WE, 'The Exercise of Criminal Jurisdiction over Foreigners' (1925) 6 British Ybk Int'l L 44-60
89. Beckett WE, 'Criminal Jurisdiction over Foreigners' (1927) 8 British Ybk Int'l L 108-28
90. Bein D, 'Criminal Law' in Zamir I and Colombo S (eds) The Law of Israel:General Surveys (Jerusalem, 1995) 128-96
91. Benavides L, 'The Universal Jurisdiction Principle: Nature and Scope' (2001) 1 Anuario Mexicano de Derecho Internacional 19-96
92. Berman PS, 'The Globalization of Jurisdiction', (2002) 151 University of Pennsylvania LR 311-530
93. Bertram G, 'Sextourismus und Strafverfolgung' (1996) 49 Neue Juristische Wochenschrift 436-8
94. Bigay J, 'Extrader ou punir' [1980] Revue de Droit Pénal et de Criminologie, numéro spécial 'Extradition et terrorisme' 113-6
95. Blakesley CL, 'United States Jurisdiction Over Extraterritorial Crime' (1982) 73 J Crim L and Criminology 1109-63
96. Blakesley CL, 'A Conceptual Framework for Extradition and Jurisdiction Over Extraterritorial Crimes' [1984] Utah L Rev 685-761
97. Blakesley CL, 'Extraterritorial Jurisdiction' in Bassiouni MC (ed) International Criminal Law (Ardsley, NY, 2nd edn, 1998) II, 33-106
98. Blakesley CL, 'Autumn of the Patriarch: The Pinochet Extradition Debacle and Beyond-Human Rights Clauses Compared to Traditional Derivative Protections such as Double Criminality' (2000) 91 J Crim Law and Criminology 1-98
99. Blakesley CL, and Lagodny O, 'Finding Harmony Amidst Disagreement over Extradition, Jurisdiction, The Role of Human Rights, and Issues of Extraterritoriality Under International Criminal Law' (1991) 24 Vanderbilt J Transnational L 1-73
100. Blewitt GT, 'National Prosecutions for International Crimes: The Australian Experience' in Bassiouni MC (ed) International Criminal Law (Ardsley, NY, 2nd edn, 1998) III, 301-24
101. Boed R, 'United States Legislative Approach to Extraterritorial Jurisdiction in Connection with Terrorism' in Bassiouni MC (ed) International Criminal Law (Ardsley, NY, 2nd edn, 1998) II, 145-76
102. Bosniak L, 'Multiple Nationality and Postnational Transformation of Citizenship' (2002) 42 Virginia J Int'l L 979-1004
103. Bowett DW, 'Jurisdiction: Changing Patterns of Authority over Activities and Resources' (1982) 53 British Ybk Int'l L 1-26
104. Brody R and Duffy H, 'Prosecuting Torture Universally: Hissène Habré, Africa's Pinochet?' in Fischer H, Kreß C, and Lüder SR (eds) International and National Prosecutions of Crimes under International Law: Current Developments (Berlin, 2001) 817-42
105. Cameron I, 'The Protective Principle of Criminal Jurisdiction in Nordic Criminal Law' in Lahti R and Nuotio K (eds) Criminal Law Theory in Transition: Finnish and Comparative Perspectives (Helsinki, 1992) 544-70
106. Carnegie AR, 'Jurisdiction over Violations of the Laws and Customs of War' (1963) 39 British Ybk Int'l L 402-24.
107. Cassel D, 'Empowering United States Courts to Hear Crimes Within the Jurisdiction of the International Criminal Court' (2001) 35 New England L Rev 421-46
108. Clark RS, 'Offenses of International Concern: Multilateral State Practice in the Forty Years Since Nuremberg' (1988) 57 Nordic J Int'l L 49-118
109. Clark RS, 'Apartheid', in Bassiouni MC (ed) International Criminal Law (Ardsley, NY, 2nd edn, 1998) I, 643-62
110. Coolen GL, 'De Wet Oorlogsstrafrecht: Een wet met gebreken' (1996) 26 Delikt en Delinkwent 43-55
111. Cornils K, 'The use of foreign law in domestic adjudication', in Jareborg N (ed) Double Criminality: Studies in International Criminal Law (Uppsala, 1989) 70-83
112. Cornils K, 'Zur Regelung des raümlichen Geltungsbereichs im finnishen Strafgesetzentwurf' in Lahti R and Nuotio K (eds) Criminal Law Theory in Transition: Finnish and Comparative Perspectives (Helsinki, 1992) 571-86
113. Costello D, 'International Terrorism and the Development of the Principle Aut Dedere Aut Judicare' (1975) 10 J Int'l L and Economics 483-501
114. Cotterell HD, 'Harm Dost en uitlevering' (1976) 51 Nederlands Juristenblad 830-1
115. Cottier M, 'The Case of Switzerland' in Kreß C and Lattanzi F (eds) The Rome Statute and Domestic Legal Orders: General Aspects and Constitutional Issues (Baden-Baden, 2000) 219-46
116. Cottier M, 'What Relationship Between the Exercise of Universal Jurisdiction and Territorial Jurisdiction? The Decision of 13 December 2000 of the Spanish National Court Shelving the Proceedings Against Guatemalan Nationals Accused of Genocide' in Fischer H, Kreß C, and Lüder SR (eds) International and National Prosecutions of Crimes under International Law: Current Developments (Berlin, 2001) 843-57
117. Cowles WB, 'Universality of Jurisdiction Over War Crimes' (1945) 33 California L Rev 177-218
118. d'Argent P, 'La loi du 10 février 1999 relative à la répression des violations graves du droit international humanitaire' (1999) 118 Journal des Tribunaux 549-55
119. de Cara JY, 'L'affaire Pinochet devant la chambre des lords' (1999) XLV Annuaire Français de Droit International 72-100
120. Dinstein Y, 'International Criminal Law' (1985) 20 Israel L Rev 206-42
121. Donnedieu de Vabres H, 'Les leçons de l'histoire et le progrès du droit pénal international' [July-September 1951] Revue de Science Criminelle et de Droit Pénal Comparé 1-20
122. Dugard J and Van den Wyngaert C, 'Reconciling Extradition with Human Rights' (1998) 92 Am J Int'l L 187-212
123. Epp H, 'Austria' (1989) 60 Revue internationale de droit pénal 115-26
124. Eser A, 'Grundlagen und Grenzen "stellvertretender Strafrechtspflege" (§7 Abs. 2 Nr. 2 StGB). Zur Problematik der "indentischen Tatortnorm" bei Auslandstaten, insbesondere bei Amnestierung am Tatort' [1993] Juristenzeitung 875-84
125. Fawcett JES, 'The Eichmann Case' (1962) 27 British Ybk Int'l L 181-215
126. Feller SZ, 'Jurisdiction over Offenses with a Foreign Element' in Bassiouni MC and Nanda VP (eds) A Treatise on International Criminal Law (Springfield, IL, 1973) II, 5-64
127. Feller SZ, 'Concurrent Criminal Jurisdiction in the International Sphere' (1981) 16 Israel L Rev 40-74
128. Fitzmaurice G, 'The Law and Procedure of the International Court of Justice, 1951-54: General Principles and Sources of Law' (1953) 30 British Ybk Int'l L 7-70
129. Fox H, 'Jurisdiction and Immunities' in Lowe V and Fitzmaurice M (eds) Fifty Years of the International Court of Justice (Cambridge; New York, 1996) 210-34
130. Fox H, 'The Pinochet Case No. 3' (1999) 48 Int'l and Comparative LQ 687-702
131. Gardocki L, 'The Principle of Universality' in Jareborg N (ed) Double Criminality: Studies in International Criminal Law (Uppsala, 1989) 57-69
132. Garwood-Cutler JL, 'Enforcing International Criminal Law Violations with Civil Remedies: The US Alien Tort Claims Act' in Bassiouni MC (ed) International Criminal Law (Ardsley, NY, 2nd edn, 1998) III, 343-91
133. Garwood-Cutler JL, 'National Prosecutions for International Crimes: The British Experience' in Bassiouni MC (ed) International Criminal Law (Ardsley, NY, 2nd edn, 1998) III, 325-30
134. George BJ, 'Jurisdiction Over Embassies, Consulates, International Organizations and Their Personnel, and Armed Forces Stationed Abroad' in Bassiouni MC (ed) International Criminal Law (Ardsley, NY, 2nd edn, 1998) I, 107-44
135. Gerritsen MT, 'Jurisdiction' in Swart B and Klip A (eds) International Criminal Law in the Netherlands (Freiburg i. Br., 1997) 49-73
136. Gilbert G, 'Crimes sans Frontières: Jurisdictional Problems in English Law' (1992) 63 British Ybk Int'l L 413-42
137. Graefrath B, 'Universal Criminal Jurisdiction and an International Criminal Court' (1990) I Eur J Int'l L 67-88
138. Graven J, 'Les crimes contre l'humanité' (1950) 76 Receuil des cours de l'académie de droit international 427-538
139. Greenwood C, 'The War Crimes Act 1991' in Fox H and Meyer MA (eds) Armed Conflict and the New Law, vol II, Effecting Compliance (1993) 215-31
140. Grève V, 'Denmark' in Van den Wyngaert C (ed) Criminal Procedure Systems in the European Community (London; Brussels; Dublin; Edinburgh, 1993) 51-72
141. Grynfogel C, 'Le concept de crime contre l'humanité: Hier, aujourd'hui et demain' (1994) 74 Revue de droit pénal et de criminologie 13-51
142. Guillaume G, 'Terrorisme et droit international' (1989) 215 Receuil des cours de l'académie de droit international 287-371
143. Guillaume G, 'La compétence universelle, formes anciennes et nouvelles' in Mélanges offerts à Georges Levasseur: Droit pénal, droit européen (Paris, 1992) 23-36
144. Harnon E and Stein A, 'Israel' in Bradley CM (ed) Criminal Procedure: A Worldwide Study (Durham, NC, 1999) 217-44
145. Higgins R, 'The Role of Resolutions of International Organizations in the Process of Creating Norms in the International System' in Butler W (ed) International Law and the International System (Dordrecht; Boston, 1987) 21-30
146. Holdgaard Bukh M, 'Prosecution Before Danish Courts of Foreigners Suspected of Serious Violations of Human Rights or Humanitarian Law' (1994) 6 Eur Rev Public L 339-52
147. Huber B, 'Criminal Procedure in Germany' in Hatchard J, Huber B, and Vogler R (eds) Comparative Criminal Procedure (London, 1996) 96-175
148. Ingelse C and van der Wilt H, 'De Zaak Pinochet: Over Universele Rechtsmacht en Hollandse Benepenheid' (1996) Nederlands Juristenblad 280-5
149. Jennings RY, 'Nullity and Effectiveness in International Law' in Cambridge Essays in International Law: Essays in honour of Lord McNair (London; Dobbs Ferry, NY, 1965)
150. Jennings RY, 'General Course on Principles of International Law' (1967) 121 Receuil des cours de l'académie de droit international 323-605
151. Jung H, 'Zur Internationalisierung des Grundsatzes ne bis in idem' in Albrecht PA, Ehlers APF, Lamott F, Pfeiffer C, Schwind H-D, and Walter M (eds) Festschrift für Horst Schüler-Springorum (Cologne; Berlin; Bonn; Munich, 1993) 493-502
152. Kamminga MT and Tijssen M, 'Pinochet, Nederland en het VN-Verdrag tegen foltering' (1995) Nederlands Juristen Comité voor de Mensenrechten-Bulletin 986-95
153. Kamminga MT and Tijssen M, 'Lessons Learned from the Exercise of Universal Jurisdiction in Respect of Gross Human Rights Offenses' (2001) 23 Human Rights Q 940-74
154. King HT, 'Universal Jurisdiction: Myths, Realities, Prospects, War Crimes and Crimes Against Humanity: The Nuremberg Precedent' (2001) 35 New England L Rev 281-6
155. Kissinger HA, 'The Pitfalls of Universal Jurisdiction: Risking Judicial Tyranny' (2001) 80 Foreign Affairs 86-96
156. Klip AH, 'Strafrechtelijke reactie op ernstige schendingen van mensenrechten in het buitenland' in Brants CH, KeIk C, and Moerings M (eds) Er is meer:Opstellen over mensenrechten in internationaal perspectief (Arnhem, 1996) 93-106
157. Kobrick ES, 'The Ex Post Facto Prohibition and the Exercise of Universal Jurisdiction Over International Crimes' (1987) 87 Columbia L Rev 1515-38
158. Koering-Joulin R and Huet A, 'Compétence des tribunaux répressifs français et de la loi pénale française: Infractions commises à l'étranger' in Editions Techniques: Juris-Classeurs (Paris, 1991) Fascicule 20, procédure pénale, articles 689-696
159. Kos-Rabcewicz-Zubkowski L, 'Canada' (1989) 60 Revue internationale de droit pénal 195-213
160. Koskenniemi M, 'The Pull of the Mainstream' (1990) 88 Michigan L Rev 1946-62
161. Kremnitzer M, 'Criminal Law' in Shapira A and DeWitt-Arar KC (eds) Introduction to the Law of Israel (The Hague; London; Boston, 1995) 253-66
162. Kreß C, 'Völkerstrafrecht in Deutschland' (2000) 20 Neue Zeitschrift für Strafrecht 617-24
163. Kreß C, 'Völkerstrafrecht und Weltrechtspflegeprinzip im Blickfeld des Internationalen Gerichtshofs' (2002) 114 Zeitschrift für die gesamte Strafrechtswissenschaft 818-49
164. Krikke A, 'De zaak-Dost: De rechtsmacht van de Bondsrepubliek bij de bestrijding van verdovende middelen' (1976) Recht en Kritiek 249-67
165. Kühne HH, 'Germany' in Van den Wyngaert C (ed) Criminal Procedure Systems in the European Community (London; Brussels, Dublin; Edinburgh, 1993) 137-62
166. Liebscher V, 'Die neue Struktur des Internationalen Strafrechtes (§§62 bis 67 StGB)' (1974) 94 Juristische Blätter 393-402
167. Linke R, 'Grenzen der Strafgerichtsbarkeit: Zugleich Besprechung der zweiten Auflage von Oehler, Internationales Strafrecht' (1984) 39 Österreichische Juristenzeitung 487-90
168. Lippman M, 'The Drafting of the 1948 Convention for the Prevention and Punishment of Genocide' (1985) 3 Boston University Int'l LJ 1-65
169. Lombois C, 'De la compassion territoriale' (1995) Revue de Science Criminelle et de Droit Pénal Comparé 399-103
170. Lowenfeld AF, 'US Law Enforcement Abroad: The Constitution and International Law' (1989) 83 Am J Int'l L 880-93
171. Lüder SR, 'Eröffnung der deutschen Gerichtsbarkeit für den Völkermord im Kosovo?' (2000) 53 Neue Juristische Wochenschrift 269-70
172. Mahmoudi S, 'The International Court of Justice and Nuclear Weapons' (1997) 66 Nordic J Int'l L 77-100
173. Maier HG, 'Jurisdictional Rules in Customary Law' in Meessen KM (ed) Extraterritorial Jurisdiction in Theory and Practice (London; Boston, 1996) 64-99
174. Maison R, 'Les premiers cas d'applications des dispositions pénales des Conventions de Genève par les jurisdictions internes' (1995) 6 Eur J Int'l L 260-73
175. Mann FA, 'The Doctrine of Jurisdiction in International Law' (1964) 111 Receuil des cours de l'académie de droit international 9-158
176. Mann FA, 'The Doctrine of International Jurisdiction Revised after Twenty Years' (1984) 186 Receuil des cours de l' académie de droit international 11-115
177. Mann FA, 'Reflections on the Prosecution of Persons Abducted in Breach of International Law' in Dinstein Y (ed) International Law at a Time of Perplexity:Essays in Honour of Shabtai Rosenne (Dordrecht; Boston, 1989) 407-21
178. Marschik A, 'The Politics of Prosecution: European National Approaches to War Crimes' in McCormack TLH and Simpson GJ (eds) The Law of War Crimes: National and International Approaches (The Hague; London; Boston, 1997) 65-102
179. Massé M, 'Ex-Yugoslavie, Rwanda: une compétence "virtuelle" des juridictions françaises?' (1997) Revue de Science Criminelle et de Droit Pénal Comparé 893-8
180. Mayerhofer C, 'Können Kriegverbrechen auf dem Gebiet des ehemaligen Jugoslowien von österreichischen Gerichten verfolgt werden?' (1994) 116 Juristische Blätter 567-659
181. Méndez JE and Meintjes G, 'Reconciling Amnesties with Universal Jurisdiction' (2000) 2 Int' L Forum 76-97
182. Mercier A, 'Le conflit des lois pénales en matière de compétence' (1931) I Annuaire de l'Institut de Droit International 87-147
183. Merlung E, 'National Implementation: The Universal Jurisdiction. The Saric Case' in The Punishment of War Crimes. International Legal Perspectives (1996) 12-17
184. Meron T, 'The International Criminalization of Internal Atrocities' (1994) 89 Am J Int'l L 554-77
185. Meyer J, 'The Vicarious Administration of Justice: An Overlooked Basis of Jurisdiction' (1990) 31 Harvard Int 'l LJ 108-16
186. Mikliszanski K, 'Le système de l'universalité du droit de punir et le droit pénal subsidiaire' (1936) Revue de Science Criminelle et de Droit Pénal Comparé 331-41
187. Mok MR, 'Het Europese verdrag tot bestrijding van terrorisme' (1977) 27 Nederlands Juristenblad 665-71
188. Mok MR, and Duk RAA, 'Toepassing van Nederlands strafrecht op buiten Nederland begane delicten' in Handelingen der Nederlandse Juristen-Vereniging deel l, tweede stuk (Zwolle, 1980) 2-149
189. Morgan EW, 'Retributory Theater' (1988) 3 Am University J Int'l L and Policy 1-63
190. Mouton WM, 'La protection pénale des conventions internationales humanitaires' (1953) Revue internationale de droit pénal 851-73
191. Mouton WM, 'De wet oorlogsstrafrecht en het internationale recht' (1960) Nederlands Tijdschrift voor Internationaal Recht 59-71
192. Nelson A, 'Swedish and Foreign Crimes in the Swedish Criminal Justice System' in Jareborg N (ed) Double Criminality: Studies in International Criminal Law (Uppsala, 1989) 11-42
193. Ochler D, 'Immunität, Exterritorialität und Asylrecht im Internationalen Strafrecht' (1979) 91 Zeitschrift für die gesamte Strafrechtswissenschaft 395-429
194. Ochler D, 'Perspectives on the Contents of the Special Part of the Draft International Criminal Code' (1981) 52 Revue internationale de droit pénal 407-38
195. Ochler D, 'Auslieferungsersuchen, Einlieferung und der Geltungsbereich des Strafrechts' in Festschrift der Rechtswissenschaftlichen Fakultät zur 600-Jahr-Feier der Universität zu Köln (Cologne; Berlin; Bonn; Munich, 1988) 489-504
196. Orie AMM, 'Internationaal strafrechtelijke aspecten van de Dostaffaire' (1976) 30 Nederlands Juristenblad 1045-59
197. Orie AMM, Rüter CF, Schutte JJE, and Swart AHJ, 'Netherlands' (1989) 60 Revue internationale de droit pénal 395-417
198. Pella V, 'La répression de la piratérie' (1926) 15 Receuil des cours de l'académie de droit international 149-275
199. Perlin J, 'The Guatemalan Historical Clarification Commission finds Genocide' (2000) 6 ILSA J Int'l and Comparative L 389-414
200. Peters P, 'Volkenrechtelijke aspecten van extraterritoriale wetgeving' in Peters P and Kotting R (eds) Extraterritoriale wetgeving (Deventer, 1984) 1-109
201. Pradel J, 'France' in Van den Wyngaert C (ed) Criminal Procedure Systems in the European Community (London; Brussels; Dublin; Edinburgh, 1993) 105-36
202. Puttler A, 'Extraterritorial Application of Criminal Law: Jurisdiction to Prosecute Drug Traffic Conducted by Aliens Abroad' in Meessen KM (ed) Extraterritorial Jurisdiction in Theory and Practice (London; Boston, 1996) 103-21
203. Randall KC, 'Universal Jurisdiction under International Law' (1988) 66 Texas L Rev 785-841
204. Rayfuse R, 'The Draft Code of Offences Against the Peace and Security of Mankind: Eating Disorders at the International Law Commission' (1997) 8 Crim L Forum 43-86
205. Reiss RH, 'The Extradition of John Demjanjuk: War Crimes, Universality Jurisdiction, and The Political Offense Doctrine' (1987) 20 Cornell hit LJ 281-315
206. Reydams L, 'Universal Jurisdiction over Atrocities in Rwanda: Theory and Practice' (1996) 4 Eur J Crime, Crim L and Crim Justice 18-47
207. Reydams L, 'Universal Criminal Jurisdiction: The Belgian State of Affairs' (2000) 11 Crim L Forum 183-216
208. Reydams L, 'Prosecuting Crimes Under International Law on the Basis of Universal Jurisdiction: The Experience of Belgium' in Fischer H, Kreß C, and Lüder SR (eds) International and National Prosecutions of Crimes under International Law: Current Developments (Berlin, 2001) 799-816
209. Richardson AT, 'War Crimes Act 1991' (1992) 55 Modern L Rev 73-86
210. Roach K, 'Canada' in Bradley CM (ed) Criminal Procedure: A Worldwide Study (Durham, NC, 1999) 53-80
211. Roberts AE, 'Traditional and Modern Approaches to Customary International Law: A Reconciliation' (2001) 95 Am J Int'l L 757-91
212. Rodley NS, 'Torture, Extra-Legal Execution and "Disappearance" as Crimes under International Law' in David PR, Crime and Criminal Policy: Papers in Honour of Manuel López-Rey Y Arrojo (1985) 587-604
213. Röling BVA, 'Enkele volkenrechtelijke aantekeningen bij de wet oorlogsstrafrecht' (1959) Nederlands Tijdschrift voor Internationaal Recht (special issue) 263-91
214. Roht-Arriaza N, 'The Pinochet Precedent and Universal Jurisdiction' (2001) 35 New England L Rev 311-20
215. Rubin AP, 'Actio Popularis, Jus Cogens and Offenses Erga Omnes' (2000) 35 New England L Rev 265-80
216. Sadat Wexler L, 'The Interpretation of the Nuremberg Principles by the French Court of Cassation: From Touvier to Barbie and Back Again' (1994) 32 Columbia J Transn'l L 288-380
217. Saldaña Q, 'La justice pénale internationale' (1925) 10 Receuil des cours de l' académie de droit international 221-429
218. Sandoz Y, 'Penal Aspects of International Humanitarian Law' in Bassiouni MC (ed) International Criminal Law (2nd edn, Ardsley, NY, 1998) I, 393-414
219. Schabas WA, 'Canadian Implementing Legislation for the Rome Statute' (2000) 3 Ybk Int'l Humanitarian L 337-46
220. Scharf MP, 'Application of Treaty-Based Universal Jurisdiction to Nationals of Non-Party States' (2001) 35 New England L Rev 363-82
221. Schmitz R, '§7 II Nr. 2 StGB und das Prinzip der stellvertretenden Strafrechtspflege' in Samson E (ed) Festschrift für Gerald Grünwald (Baden-Baden, 1999) 619-40
222. Schouwey JD, 'Suisse' (1989) 60 Revue internationale de droit pénal 465-89
223. Schouwey JD, 'Crimes de guerre: Un état des lieux du droit suisse' (1995) XLVIII Revue internationale de criminologie et de police technique 46-56
224. Schultz H, 'Compétences des jurisdictions pénales pour les infractions commises à l'étranger' (1967) 22 Revue de science criminelle et de droit pénal comparé 305-38
225. Schutte JJE, 'Enforcement measures in international criminal law' (1981) 52 Revue internationale de droit pénal 441-53
226. Schwarzenberger G, 'The Problem of an International Criminal Law' in Mueller GOW and Wise EM (eds) International Criminal Law (South Hackensack, NJ, 1965) 3-36
227. Shachor-Landau C, 'Extra-Territorial Penal Jurisdiction and Extradition' (1980) 29 Int 1 and Comparative LQ 274-95
228. Simma B, 'International Human Rights and General International Law' in Collected Courses of the Academy of European Law (Florence, 1993) IV, Book 2, 153-236
229. Simma B, and Paulus AL, 'The Responsibility of Individuals for Human Rights Abuses in Internal Conflicts: A Positivist View' (1999) 93 Am J Int'l L 302-16
230. Sponsler TH, 'The Universality Principle of Jurisdiction and the Threatened Trials of American Airmen' (1968-1969) 15 Loyola L Rev 43-67
231. Stern B, 'La compétence universelle en France: Le cas des crimes commis en ex-Yougoslavie et au Rwanda' (1997) German Yearbook of International Law 280-99
232. Stessens G and Van den Wyngaert C, 'The International Non Bis In Idem Principle: Resolving Some of the Unanswered Questions' (1999) 48 Int'l and Comparative LQ 779-804
233. Strijards GAM, 'Neerlands dualisme en zijn strafmacht' (2000) Nederlands Juristenblad 2113-22
234. Swart AHJ, 'De Nederlandse strafrechtspleging en het internationale recht' in Iniernationalisering van het strafrecht. Ars Aequi Libri. Serie Strafrecht en criminologie, VI (Utrecht, 1986) 37-66
235. Swart AHJ, 'Jurisdiction in Criminal Law: Some Reflections on the Finnish Code from a Comparative Perspective' in Lahti R and Nuotio K (eds) Criminal Law Theory in Transition: Finnish and Comparative Perspectives (Helsinki, 1992) 527-43
236. Swart AHJ, 'The Netherlands' in Van den Wyngaert C (ed) Criminal Procedure Systems in the European Community (London; Brussels; Dublin; Edinburgh, 1993) 279-316
237. Terry J, 'The Canadian Criminal Code, Universal Jurisdiction, and the Prosecution of Foreign Human Rights Offenders in Canadian Courts' (1989) (unpublished LLM thesis, Harvard Law School)
238. Thomas F, 'De burgerlijke vordering wegens misdrijven met een buitenlands element' (1982) 19 Tijdschrift voor Privaatrecht 13-40
239. Thomas F, 'De internationale gelding van de strafwet in de ruimte', in De Nauw A, D'Haenens J, and Storme M (eds) Actuele problemen van strafrecht (Antwerp; Arnhem, 1988) 195-214
240. Thun K, 'Zur Strafverfolgung Pinochets in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland' in Ahlbrecht H and Ambos K (eds) Der Fall Pinochet(s): Auslieferung wegen staatsverstärkter Kriminalität? (Baden-Baden, 1999) 19-23
241. Träskman PO, 'Should We Take the Condition of Double Criminality Seriously?' in Jareborg N (ed) Double Criminality: Studies in International Criminal Law (Uppsala, 1989) 135-55
242. Träskman PO, 'Provisions on jurisdiction in criminal law: The reform of the law caught in the tension between tradition and dynamism' in Lahti R and Nuotio K (eds) Criminal law theory in transition: Finnish and comparative perspectives (Helsinki, 1992) 511-26
243. Triffterer O, 'Efforts to Recognize and Codify International Crimes' (1989) 60 Revue internationale de droit pénal 29-88
244. Triggs G, 'Australia's War Crimes Trials: All Pity Choked' in McCormack TLH and Simpson GJ (eds) The Law of War Crimes: National and International Approaches (The Hague; London; Boston, 1997) 121-50
245. Vadillo ER, 'Spain' in Van den Wyngaert C (ed) Criminal Procedure Systems in the European Community (London; Brussels; Dublin; Edinburgh, 1993) 383-400
246. Vandcmeulebroeke O and Gazan F, 'Traite des êtres humains-exploitation et abus sexuels: Les nouvelles lois des 27 mars et 13 avril 1995' (1995) 75 Revue de Droit Pénal et de Criminologie 973-1077
247. Van den Wyngaert C, 'De toepassing van de strafwet in de ruimte: Enkele beschouwingen' in Liber Amicorum Frédéric Dumon (Antwerp, 1983) 501-25
248. Van den Wyngaert C, 'Belgium' (1989) 60 Revue internationale de droit pénal 153-68
249. Van den Wyngaert C, 'Double Criminality as a Requirement to Jurisdiction' in Jareborg N (ed) Double Criminality: Studies in International Criminal Law (Uppsala, 1989) 43-56
250. Van den Wyngaert C, 'Belgium' in Van Den Wyngaert C (ed) Criminal Procedure Systems in the European Community (London; Brussels; Dublin; Edinburgh, 1993) 1-50
251. Vandermeersch D, 'La répression en droit belge des crimes de droit international' (1997) 68 Revue internationale de droit pénal 1093-135
252. Vandermeersch D, 'Les poursuites et le jugement des infractions de droit humanitaire en droit belge' in Actualité du droit international humanitaire (Brussels, 2001) 123-80
253. van Elst R, 'Afscheid van Joegoslavië: Over oorlogsmisdrijven en misdrijven tegen de menselijkheid begaan in voormalig Joegoslavië en de Nederlandse rechter' (1994) Nederlands Juristenblad 1401-10
254. Vandermeersch D, 'De zaak Darco Knezevic: Rechtsmacht over Joegoslavische en andere buiten-landse oorlogsmisdadigers' (1998) Nederlands Juristenblad 1587-93
255. Vandermeersch D, 'Implementing Universal Jurisdiction Over Grave Breaches of the Geneva Conventions' 2000 13 Leiden J Int'l L 815-54
256. van Heeck S, 'Der aktuelle Fall: Die Anwendung deutschen Strafrechts auf Balkankriegsverbrechen' [2000] Humanitäres Völkerrecht-Informationsschriften 27-33
257. Verhoeven J, 'M. Pinochet, la coutume internationale et la compétence universelle' (1999) 118 Journal des Tribunaux 308-15
258. Vogler R, 'Criminal Procedure in France' in Hatchard J, Huber B, and Vogler R (eds) Comparative Criminal Procedure (London, 1996) 14-95
259. Vogler R, 'Spain' in Bradley CM (ed) Criminal Procedure: A Worldwide Study (Durham, NC, 1999) 361-94
260. von Cleric GF, 'Das Weltrechtsergreifungsprinzip' (1920) 22 Schweizerische Juristen-Zeitung 345-52
261. Wagner JM, 'US Prosecution of Past and Future War Criminals and Criminals Against Humanity: Proposals for Reform Based on the Canadian and Australian Experience' (1989) 29 Virginia J Int'l Law 887-936
262. Warbrick C, 'Extradition Law Aspects of Pinochet 3' (1999) 48 Int'l and Comparative LQ 958-65
263. Wagner JM, Salgado EM, and Goodwin N, 'The Pinochet Cases in the United Kingdom' (1999) 2 Ybk Int'l Humanitarian L 91-118
264. Watson GR, 'Offenders Abroad: The Case for Nationality-Based Criminal Jurisdiction' (1992) 17 Yale J Int'l L 41-84
265. Watson GR, 'The Passive Personality Principle' (1993) 28 Texas lnt'l LJ 1-46
266. Weigend T, 'Germany' in Bradley CM (ed) Criminal Procedure: A World Wide Study (Durham, NC, 1999) 187-216
267. Wenig JM, 'Enforcing the Lessons of History: Israel Judges the Holocaust' in McCormack TLH and Simpson GJ (eds) The Law of War Crimes: National and International Approaches (The Hague; London; Boston, 1997) 103-22
268. Williams G, 'Venue and the Ambit of Criminal Law' (1965) 81 L Q Rev 276-88, 395-421, 518-38
269. Williams SA, 'Laudable Principles Lacking Application: The Prosecution of War Criminals in Canada' in McCormack TLH and Simpson GJ (eds) The Law of War Crimes: National and International Approaches (The Hague; London; Boston, 1997) 151-70
270. Wilkitzki P, 'Federal Republic of Germany' (1989) 60 Revue internationale de droit pénal 263-90
271. Wise EM, 'Note on International Standards of Criminal Law and Administration', in Mueller GOW and Wise EM (eds) International Criminal Law (South Hackensack, NJ, 1965) 135-63
272. Zaid MS, 'Will or Should the United States Ever Prosecute War Criminals? A Need For Greater Expansion in the Areas of Both Criminal and Civil Liability' (2001) 35 New England L Rev 447-70
273. Ziegler AR, 'La mise en oeuvre du droit international humanitaire par la Suisse' (1997) XXXVI Revue internationale du droit militaire et droit de la guerre 245-66
274. Zoller E, 'Territorial Effect of the Norm on Responsibility', in Ginsburgs G and Kudriavtsev VN (eds) The Nuremberg Trial and International Law (Dordrecht; Boston; London, 1990) 106-11
275. Bos A, 'The Extraterritorial Jurisdiction of States: Preliminary Report' (1993) 65 Ybk Institute Int'l L, I, 14-44.
276. Brierly JL, 'Report on Jurisdiction over Extraterritorial Crime' (1926) 20 Am J Int'l L 253-8.
277. Chilean National Commission on Truth and Reconciliation 2 vols, translated by PE Berryman (Notre Dame, IN, 1993)
278. Commission of Inquiry on War Criminals (Canada), Report, Part I: Public (1986)
279. Consultative Assembly of the Council of Europe, 'Report on the Settlement of Conflicts in Criminal Matters' (1965) Doc 1873
280. Council of Europe, European Committee on Crime Problems, Extraterritorial criminal jurisdiction (1990)
281. Grützner H, Le champ d'application du droit pénal: Aperçu comparatif élaboré en vue de la préparation d'une Convention européenne portant unification des dispositions relatives au champ d'application du droit pénal (1964)
282. Harvard Research in International Law, 'Piracy' (1932) 26 Am J Int'l L 739-1013
283. Harvard Research in International Law, 'Jurisdiction with Respect to Crime' (1935) 29 Am J Int'l L 435-651
284. Home Office (UK), Steering Committee Report, Review of Extra-Territorial Jurisdiction (1996)
285. International Law Association, 'The Exercise of Universal Jurisdiction in Respect of Gross Human Rights Violations: Final Report on the Exercise of Universal Jurisdiction in Respect of Gross Human Rights Offences' in Report of the 69th Conference of the International Law Association (2000) 403-31
286. Law Commission (UK), Report on the Territorial and Extraterritorial Extent of the Criminal Law (1978)
287. Law Reform Commission of Canada, Extraterritorial Jurisdiction, Working Paper 37, (1984)
288. Menzies A, Review of Material Relating to the Entry of Suspected War Criminals into Australia (1987)
289. Report of the War Crimes Inquiry (UK) (1989)
290. Trousse PE, 'La compétence extraterritoriale des jurisdictions répressives belges' in Rapports belges au Vile Congrès international de droit comparé (1966) 511-38