Women and local politics in Spain: Exploring gender regimes and biased party candidate selection processes

Women and Representation in Local Government: International Case Studies

Volumn , Issue , 2013, Pages 59-75

  Verge, Tània ^a  

^a UNIVERSITAT POMPEU FABRA   (Spain)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 84920470322     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: None     Document Type: Chapter

References (53)

1. Alozie, N.O. and Manganaro, L.L. (1993) 'Women's council representation: measurement implications for public policy', Political Research Quarterly, 46: 383-398.
2. Bird, K. (2003) 'Who are the women? Where are the women? And what difference can they make? Effects of gender parity in French municipal elections', French Politics, 1: 5-38.
3. Bochel, C. and Bochel, H.M. (2000) Careers of Councillors: Gender, Party and Politics, Aldershot: Ashgate.
4. Carroll, S. (1994) Women as Candidates in American Politics, Bloomington: Indiana University Press.
5. Caul Kittilson M. (2001) 'Political parties and the adoption of candidate gender quotas: a cross-national analysis', The Journal of Politics, 63: 1214-1229.
6. Caul Kittilson, M. (2006) Challenging Parties, Changing Parliaments: Women and Elected Office in Contemporary Western Europe, Columbus: The Ohio State University Press.
7. Centro de Investigaciones Sociológicas (CIS) (2007) Barometer September 2007, Study number 2732, Centro de Investigaciones Sociológicas: Madrid. Available online at: www.cis.es/cis/opencms/-Archivos/Marginales/2720_2739/2732/e273200.html (accessed 15 September 2009).
8. European Commission (1998) One Hundred Words for Equality: A Glossary of Terms on Equality Between Women and Men, Brussels: DG Employment and Social Affairs.
9. Federación Española de Municipios y Provincias (FEMP) (2007a) Estudio del impacto de la Ley Orgánica 3/2007, para la igualdad efectiva de mujeres y hombres en la representación de mujeres en el ámbito de la política local [Analysis of the impact of the Organic Law 3/2007, for the effective equality of women and men regarding women's representation at the local level]. Available online at: www.femp.es/index.php/femp/content/download/6875/62878/file/ImpactoLeydeIgualdadEleccionesLocales2007.pdf (accessed 15 September 2009).
10. Federación Española de Municipios y Provincias (FEMP) (2007b) Morfología social de los nuevos electos locales [Social morphology of new local elected councillors]. Available online at: www.cartalocal.es/index.php/cartalocal/informesperfil_de_los_nuevos_electos_locales (accessed 15 September 2009).
11. Freidenvall, L. (2003) Women's Political Representation and Gender Quotas - The Swedish Case, Working Paper 2, Stockholm University.
12. Htun, M.N. and Jones, M.P. (2002) 'Engendering the right to participate in decisionmaking: electoral quotas and women's leadership in Latin America', in N. Craske and M. Molyneux (eds) Gender and the Politics of Rights and Democracy in Latin America, New York: Palgrave.
13. Iversen, T. and Rosenbluth, F. (2006) 'The political economy of gender: explaining cross-national variation in the gender division of labour and the gender voting gap', American Journal of Political Science, 50: 1-19.
14. Jenson, J. and Valiente, C. (2003) 'Comparing two movements for gender parity: France and Spain', in L.A. Banaszak, K. Beckwith and D. Rucht (eds) Women's Movements Facing the Reconfigured State, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
15. Kenny, M. (2007) 'Gender, institutions and power: a critical review', Politics, 27: 91-100.
16. Krook, M.L. (2006a) 'Beyond supply and demand: gender quotas and institutions of candidate selection', paper presented at the First Workshop of the Feminism and Institutionalism International Network, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, December.
17. Krook, M.L. (2006b) 'Reforming representation: the diffusion of candidate gender quotas worldwide', Politics and Gender, 2: 303-327.
18. Lovenduski, J. (2005) Feminizing Politics, Cambridge: Polity Press.
19. Lovenduski, J. and Norris, P. (1993) Gender and Party Politics, Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
20. Mateo Díaz, M. (2005) Representing Women? Female Legislators in West European Parliaments, Essex: ECPR Press.
21. Matland, R.E. and Studiar, D.T. (1996) 'The contagion of women candidates in single-member district and proportional representation electoral systems: Canada and Norway', The Journal of Politics, 58: 707-733.
22. McAllister, L. (2001) 'Gender, nation and party: an uneasy alliance for Welsh nationalism', Women's History Review, 10: 51-70.
23. McStravog, D. (2006) Barriers to female progression to senior positions within the 26 district councils in Northern Ireland, Local Government StaffCommission and the Local Government Training Group. Available online at: www.womeninlocalcouncils.org.uk/filestore/documents/Barriers%20to%20female%20progression.pdf (accessed 12 March 2007).
24. Meier, P. (2004) 'The mutual contagion effect of legal and party quotas: a Belgian perspective', Party Politics, 10: 583-599.
25. Meier, P. and Verlet, D. (2008) 'La position des femmes en politique locale belge et l'impact des quotas' [Women's position in Belgian local politics and the impact of quotas], Swiss Political Science Review, 14: 715-770.
26. Ministry of Interior (2007) Elecciones locales 2007. Impacto de la Ley Orgánica 3/2007, de 22 de marzo, para la igualdad entre mujeres y hombres [Local elections 2007. Impact of the Organic Law 3/2007, 22 March, for the equality between women and men]. Available online at: www.mir.es/DGPI/Elecciones/ELECCIONES_ LOCALES_2007.pdf (accessed 15 September 2009).
27. Ministry of Public Administration (2008) Press note on elected representatives, 25 August 2009. Available online at: www.map.es/ministerio/delegaciones_gobierno/del-egaciones/aragon/actualidad/notas_de_prensa/notas/2008/08/untitled7.html (accessed 30 September 2009).
28. Murray, R. (2004) 'Why didn't parity work? A closer examination of the 2002 election results', French Politics, 2: 347-362.
29. Murray, R. (2008) 'The power of sex and incumbency: a longitudinal study of electoral performance in France', Party Politics, 14: 539-554.
30. Niven, D. (1998) 'Party elites and women candidates: the shape of bias', Women and Politics, 19: 57-80.
31. Norris, P. (1997) Passages to Power: Legislative Recruitment in Advanced Democracies, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
32. Norris, P. and Franklin, M. (1997) 'Social representation', European Journal of Political Research, 32: 185-210.
33. Norris, P. and Lovenduski, J. (1995) Political Recruitment: Gender, Race and Class in the British Parliament, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
34. Randall, V. (1987) Women and Politics: An International Perspective, Basingstoke: Macmillan.
35. Rao, N. (2005) 'The representation of women in local politics', Policy and Politics, 33: 323-339.
36. Rule, W. and Zimmerman, J.E. (1994) Electoral Systems in Comparative Perspective. Their Impact on Women and Minorities, Westport, CN: Greenwood Press.
37. Russell, M., McAllister, L. and Mackay, F. (2002) 'Women's representation in the Scottish Parliament and National Assembly for Wales: party dynamics for achieving critical mass', The Journal of Legislative Studies, 8: 49-76.
38. Sineau, M. (2002) Institutionalizing parity: the French experience. International IDEA, Women in Parliament, Stockholm. Available online at: www.idea.int/publications/wip/upload/CS-French_Exp-sineau.pdf (accessed 29 March 2010).
39. Threlfall, M. (2007) 'Explaining gender parity representation in Spain: the internal dynamics of parties', West European Politics, 30: 1068-1095.
40. Troupel, A. (2002) 'Disparités dans la parité. Les stratégies de contournement de la parité dans le départaient des Alpes-Maritimes' [Disparities within parity. Strategies to circumvent parity in the department of Alpes-Maritimes], Politix, 15: 147-166.
41. Uriarte, E. and Elizondo, A. (eds) (1997) Mujeres en política. Análisis y práctica [Women in politics. Analysis and practice], Barcelona: Ariel.
42. Uriarte, E. and Ruiz, C. (1999) 'Mujeres y hombres en las élites políticas españolas: diferencias o similitudes?' [Women and men in Spanish political elites: differences or similarities?], Revista Española de Investigaciones Sociológicas, 88: 207-232.
43. Valiente, C. (2001) 'Movimientos sociales y Estados: la movilización feminista en España desde los años sesenta' [Social movements and states: feminist mobilization in Spain since the 1960s], Sistema, 161: 31-58.
44. Valiente, C. (2005) 'The women's movement, gender equality agencies and central-state debates on political representation in Spain', in J. Lovenduski (ed.) State Feminism and Political Representation, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
45. Valiente, C., Ramiro, L. and Morales, L. (2005) 'Women in the Spanish Parliament', in Y. Galligan and M. Tremblay (eds) Sharing Power: Women, Parliament and Democracy, Aldershot: Ashgate.
46. Verge, T. (2006a) 'Mujer y partidos políticos en España: las estrategias de los partidos y su impacto institucional' [Women and political parties in Spain: parties' strategies and their institutional impact], 1978-2004, Revista Española de Investigaciones Sociológicas, 115: 165-196.
47. Verge, T. (2006b) 'De la cuota a la democracia paritaria: Estrategias partidistas y representación política de las mujeres en España' [From quotas to parity democracy: party strategies and women's representation in Spain], Política. Revista de Ciencia Política (Universidad de Chile), 46: 107-139.
48. Verge, T. (2008) 'Cuotas voluntarias y legales en España. La paridad a examen' [Voluntary and legal quotas in Spain. Examining party], Revista Española de Investigaciones Sociológicas, 123: 123-150.
49. Verge, T. (2009a) 'Party candidate selection processes and the gender regime in Spain', paper presented at the 1st European Conference on Politics and Gender, Belfast, United Kingdom, January. Available online at: www.essex.ac.uk/ecpr/standinggroups/documents/verge.pdf.
50. Verge, T. (2009b) Dones a les institucions politiques catalanes: El llarg camí cap a la igualtat [Women in Catalan political institutions: the long way towards parity] (1977-2008), Barcelona: Institut de Ciències Politiques i Socials.
51. Verge, T. (2010) 'Gendering representation in Spain: opportunities and limits of gender quotas', Journal of Women Policy and Politics, 31: 166-190.
52. Vickers, J. (2002) 'Feminists and nationalism', in V. Dhruvarajan and J. Vickers (eds) Gender, Race, and Nation: A Global Perspective, Toronto: University of Toronto Press.
53. Welch, S. and Studlar, D. (1996) 'The opportunity structure for women candidates and electability in Britain and the United States', Political Research Quarterly, 49: 861-874.