Separation of H2 and CO2 containing mixtures with mixed matrix membranes based on layered materials

Current Organic Chemistry

Volumn 18, Issue 18, 2014, Pages 2351-2363

  Rubio, César ^a   Zornoza, Beatriz ^a   Gorgojo, Patricia ^b   Téllez, Carlos ^a   Coronas, Joaquín ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ZARAGOZA   (Spain)

^b UNIVERSITY OF MANCHESTER   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Gas separation; Graphene; Graphene oxide; Graphite; Layered material; Mixed matrix membrane; Titanosilicate; Zeolite

Indexed keywords

ASPECT RATIO; CARBON DIOXIDE; DISTILLATION; FILLED POLYMERS; FILLERS; GAS PERMEABLE MEMBRANES; GRAPHENE; GRAPHITE;

BENCH-SCALE TEST; GAS SEPARATIONS; GRAPHENE OXIDES; LAYERED MATERIAL; MEMBRANE SEPARATION PROCESS; MEMBRANE-BASED; MIXED-MATRIX MEMBRANES; PERFORMANCE; TECHNOLOGY PROGRESS; TITANOSILICATES;

ZEOLITES;

EID: 84920201801     PISSN: 13852728     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2174/1385272819666140806201132     Document Type: Article

References (136)

1. [1] Armor, J.N. The multiple roles for catalysis in the production of H2. Appl. Catal. A-Gen., 1999, 176, 159-176.
2. [2] Sircar, S.; Golden, T.C. Purification of hydrogen by pressure swing adsorption. Sep. Sci. Technol., 2000, 35, 667-687.
3. [3] Hinchliffe, A.B.; Porter, K.E. A comparison of membrane separation and distillation. Chem. Eng. Res. Des., 2000, 78, 255-268.
4. [4] Samanta, A.; Zhao, A.; Shimizu, G.K.H.; Sarkar, P.; Gupta, R. Postcombustion CO2 capture using solid sorbents: A review. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 2012, 51, 1438-1463.
5. [5] Cobden, P.D.; van Beurden, P.; Reijers, H.T.J.; Elzinga, G.D.; Kluiters, S.C.A.; Dijkstra, J.W.; Jansen, D.; van den Brink, R.W. Sorption-enhanced hydrogen production for pre-combustion CO2 capture: Thermodynamic analysis and experimental results. Int. J. Greenh. Gas. Con., 2007, 1, 170-179.
6. [6] Lape, N.K.; Nuxoll, E.E.; Cussler, E.L. Polydisperse flakes in barrier films. J. Membr. Sci., 2004, 236, 29-37.
7. [7] Engels, S.; Beggel, F.; Modigell, M.; Stadler, H. Simulation of a membrane unit for oxyfuel power plants under consideration of realistic BSCF membrane properties. J. Membr. Sci., 2010, 359, 93-101.
8. [8] Chung, T.S. A review of microporous composite polymeric membrane technology for air-separation. Polym. Polym. Compos., 1996, 4, 269-283.
9. [9] Baker, R.W. Future directions of membrane gas separation technology. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 2002, 41, 1393-1411.
10. [10] Robeson, L.M. The upper bound revisited. J. Membr. Sci., 2008, 320, 390-400.
11. [11] Bernardo, P.; Drioli, E.; Golemme, G. Membrane gas separation: A Review/state of the art. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 2009, 48, 4638-4663.
12. [12] Lin, H.Q.; Van Wagner, E.; Freeman, B.D.; Toy, L.G.; Gupta, R.P. Plasticization-enhanced hydrogen purification using polymeric membranes. Science, 2006, 311, 639-642.
13. [13] Shao, L.; Low, B.T.; Chung, T.S.; Greenberg, A.R. Polymeric membranes for the hydrogen economy: Contemporary approaches and prospects for the future. J. Membr. Sci., 2009, 327, 18-31.
14. [14] Charpentier, J.C. Modern chemical engineering in the framework of globalization, sustainability, and technical innovation. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 2007, 46, 3465-3485.
15. [15] Chung, T.S.; Jiang, L.Y.; Li, Y.; Kulprathipanja, S. Mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) comprising organic polymers with dispersed inorganic fillers for gas separation. Prog. Polym. Sci., 2007, 32, 483-507.
16. [16] Vu, D.Q.; Koros, W.J.; Miller, S.J. Mixed matrix membranes using carbon molecular sieves-I. Preparation and experimental results. J. Membr. Sci., 2003, 211, 311-334.
17. [17] Mahajan, R.; Vu, D.Q.; Koros, W.J. Mixed matrix membrane materials: An answer to the challenges faced by membrane based gas separations today? J. Chin. Inst. Chem. Eng., 2002, 33, 77-86.
18. [18] Reid, B.D.; Ruiz-Trevino, A.; Musselman, I.H.; Balkus, K.J.; Ferraris, J.P. Gas permeability properties of polysulfone membranes containing the mesoporous molecular sieve MCM-41. Chem. Mater., 2001, 13, 2366-2373.
19. [19] Choi, S.; Coronas, J.; Sheffel, J.A.; Jordan, E.; Oh, W.; Nair, S.; Shantz, D.F.; Tsapatsis, M. Layered silicate by proton exchange and swelling of AMH-3. Micropor. Mesopor. Mater., 2008, 115, 75-84.
20. [20] Zhang, Y.F.; Musseman, I.H.; Ferraris, J.P.; Balkus, K.J. Gas permeability properties of Matrimid (R) membranes containing the metal-organic framework Cu-BPY-HFS. J. Membr. Sci., 2008, 313, 170-181.
21. [21] Zornoza, B.; Irusta, S.; Tellez, C.; Coronas, J. Mesoporous silica spherepolysulfone mixed matrix membranes for gas separation. Langmuir, 2009, 25, 5903-5909.
22. [22] Zornoza, B.; Tellez, C.; Coronas, J.; Gascon, J.; Kapteijn, F. Metal organic framework based mixed matrix membranes: An increasingly important field of research with a large application potential. Micropor. Mesopor. Mater., 2013, 166, 67-78.
23. [23] Zornoza, B.; Esekhile, O.; Koros, W.J.; Tellez, C.; Coronas, J. Hollow silicalite-1 sphere-polymer mixed matrix membranes for gas separation. Sep. Purif. Technol., 2011, 77, 137-145.
24. [24] Jeong, H.K.; Krych, W.; Ramanan, H.; Nair, S.; Marand, E.; Tsapatsis, M. Fabrication of polymer/selective-flake nanocomposite membranes and their use in gas separation. Chem. Mater., 2004, 16, 3838-3845.
25. [25] Sorribas, S.; Gorgojo, P.; Tellez, C.; Coronas, J.; Livingston, A.G. High flux thin film nanocomposite membranes based on metal-organic frameworks for organic solvent nanofiltration. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2013, 135, 15201-15208.
26. [26] Galve, A.; Sieffert, D.; Staudt, C.; Ferrando, M.; Guell, C.; Tellez, C.; Coronas, J. Combination of ordered mesoporous silica MCM-41 and layered titanosilicate JDF-L1 fillers for 6FDA-based copolyimide mixed matrix membranes. J. Membr. Sci., 2013, 431, 163-170.
27. [27] Zornoza, B.; Seoane, B.; Zamaro, J.M.; Téllez, C.; Coronas, J. Combination of MOFs and zeolites for mixed-matrix membranes. ChemPhysChem, 2011, 12, 2781-2785.
28. [28] Alexandre, M.; Dubois, P. Polymer-layered silicate nanocomposites: preparation, properties and uses of a new class of materials. Mat. Sci. Eng. R, 2000, 28, 1-63.
29. [29] Goh, P.S.; Ismail, A.F.; Sanip, S.M.; Ng, B.C.; Aziz, M. Recent advances of inorganic fillers in mixed matrix membrane for gas separation. Sep. Purif. Technol., 2011, 81, 243-264.
30. [30] Gascon, J.; Kapteijn, F.; Zornoza, B.; Sebastian, V.; Casado, C.; Coronas, J. Practical approach to zeolitic membranes and coatings: state of the art, opportunities, barriers, and future perspectives. Chem. Mater., 2012, 24, 2829-2844.
31. [31] Kim, H.W.; Yoon, H.W.; Yoon, S.M.; Yoo, B.M.; Ahn, B.K.; Cho, Y.H.; Shin, H.J.; Yang, H.; Paik, U.; Kwon, S.; Choi, J.Y.; Park, H.B. Selective gas transport through few-layered graphene and graphene oxide membranes. Science, 2013, 342, 91-95.
32. [32] Rubio, C.; Casado, C.; Uriel, S.; Tellez, C.; Coronas, J. Seeded synthesis of layered titanosilicate JDF-L1. Mater. Lett., 2009, 63, 113-115.
33. [33] Leon, V.; Quintana, M.; Herrero, M.A.; Fierro, J.L.G.; de la Hoz, A.; Prato, M.; Vazquez, E. Few-layer graphenes from ball-milling of graphite with melamine. Chem. Commun., 2011, 47, 10936-10938.
34. [34] Johnson, J.R.; Koros, W.J. Utilization of nanoplatelets in organic-inorganic hybrid separation materials: Separation advantages and formation challenges. J. Taiwan Inst. Chem. E., 2009, 40, 268-275.
35. [35] Choi, S.; Coronas, J.; Jordan, E.; Oh, W.; Nair, S.; Onorato, F.; Shantz, D.F.; Tsapatsis, M. Layered silicates by swelling of AMH-3 and nanocomposite membranes. Angew. Chem. Int. Edit., 2008, 47, 552-555.
36. [36] Vaughan, B.R.; Marand, E. Transport properties of polymer– aluminophosphate nano-composites prepared by simple mixing. J. Membr. Sci., 2008, 310, 197-207.
37. [37] Zornoza, B.; Gorgojo, P.; Casado, C.; Téllez, C.; Coronas, J. Mixed matrix membranes for gas separation with special nanoporous fillers. Desalin. Water Treat., 2011, 27, 42-47.
38. [38] Aguzzi, C.; Cerezo, P.; Viseras, C.; Caramella, C. Use of clays as drug delivery systems: Possibilities and limitations. Appl. Clay Sci., 2007, 36, 22-36.
39. [39] Choy, J.H.; Choi, S.J.; Oh, J.M.; Park, T. Clay minerals and layered double hydroxides for novel biological applications. Appl. Clay Sci., 2007, 36, 122-132.
40. [40] Dong, Y.; Feng, S.S. Poly(d,l-lactide-co-glycolide)/montmorillonite nanoparticles for oral delivery of anticancer drugs. Biomaterials, 2005, 26, 6068-6076.
41. [41] Corma, A.; Fornes, V.; Guil, J.M.; Pergher, S.; Maesen, T.L.M.; Buglass, J.G. Preparation, characterisation and catalytic activity of ITQ-2, a delaminated zeolite. Micropor. Mesopor. Mater., 2000, 38, 301-309.
42. [42] Gorgojo, P.; Galve, A.; Uriel, S.; Tellez, C.; Coronas, J. Direct exfoliation of layered zeolite Nu-6(1). Micropor. Mesopor. Mater., 2011, 142, 122-129.
43. [43] Corma, A.; Fornes, V.; Pergher, S.B.; Maesen, T.L.M.; Buglass, J.G. Delaminated zeolite precursors as selective acidic catalysts. Nature, 1998, 396, 353-356.
44. [44] Medina, M.E.; Iglesias, M.; Gutierrez-Puebla, E.; Monge, M.A. Solvothermal synthesis and structural relations among three anionic aluminophosphates; catalytic behaviour. J. Mater. Chem., 2004, 14, 845-850.
45. [45] Corma, A.; Fornes, V.; Rey, F. Delaminated zeolites: An efficient support for enzymes. Adv. Mater., 2002, 14, 71-74.
46. [46] Zukal, A.; Dominguez, I.; Mayerova, J.; Cejka, J. Functionalization of delaminated zeolite itq-6 for the adsorption of carbon dioxide. Langmuir, 2009, 25, 10314-10321.
47. [47] Cussler, E.L. Membranes containing selective flakes. J. Membr. Sci., 1990, 52, 275-288.
48. [48] Sheffel, J.A.; Tsapatsis, M. A model for the performance of microporous mixed matrix membranes with oriented selective flakes. J. Membr. Sci., 2007, 295, 50-70.
49. [49] Lawton, S.; Leonowicz, M.E.; Partridge, R.; Chu, P.; Rubin, M.K. Twelvering pockets on the external surface of MCM-22 crystals. Micropor. Mesopor. Mater., 1998, 23, 109-117.
50. [50] Schreyeck, L.; Caullet, P.; Mougenel, J.C.; Guth, J.L.; Marler, B. A new layered (alumino) silicate precursor of FER-type zeolite. Micropor. Mater., 1996, 6, 259-271.
51. [51] Zanardi, S.; Alberti, A.; Cruciani, G.; Corma, A.; Fornes, V.; Brunelli, M. Crystal structure determination of zeolite Nu-6(2) and its layered precursor Nu-6(1). Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 2004, 43, 4933-4937.
52. [52] Corma, A.; Diaz, U.; Domine, M.E.; Fornes, V. New aluminosilicate and titanosilicate delaminated materials active for acid catalysis, and oxidation reactions using H2O2. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2000, 122, 2804-2809.
53. [53] Corma, A.; Fornes, V.; Diaz, U. ITQ-18 a new delaminated stable zeolite. Chem. Commun., 2001, (24), 2642-2643.
54. [54] Kim, W.G.; Zhang, X.Y.; Lee, J.S.; Tsapatsis, M.; Nair, S. Epitaxially grown layered MFI-bulk MFI hybrid zeolitic materials. ACS Nano, 2012, 6, 9978-9988.
55. [55] Jeong, H.K.; Nair, S.; Vogt, T.; Dickinson, L.C.; Tsapatsis, M. A highly crystalline layered silicate with three-dimensionally microporous layers. Nat. Mater., 2003, 2, 53-58.
56. [56] Pinnavaia, T.J. Intercalated clay catalysts. Science, 1983, 220, 365-371.
57. [57] Rubio, C.; Casado, C.; Gorgojo, P.; Etayo, F.; Uriel, S.; Tellez, C.; Coronas, J. Exfoliated titanosilicate material UZAR-S1 obtained from JDF-L1. Eur. J. Inorg. Chem., 2010, 2010, 159-163.
58. [58] Rezakazemi, M.; Ebadi Amooghin, A.; Montazer-Rahmati, M.M.; Ismail, A.F.; Matsuura, T. State-of-the-art membrane based CO2 separation using mixed matrix membranes (MMMs): An overview on current status and future directions. Prog. Polym. Sci., 2014, 39, 817-861.
59. [59] Defontaine, G.; Barichard, A.; Letaief, S.; Feng, C.; Matsuura, T.; Detellier, C. Nanoporous polymer-Clay hybrid membranes for gas separation. J. Colloid Interface Sci., 2010, 343, 622-627.
60. [60] Hashemifard, S.A.; Ismail, A.F.; Matsuura, T. Effects of montmorillonite nano-clay fillers on PEI mixed matrix membrane for CO2 removal. Chem. Eng. J., 2011, 170, 316-325.
61. [61] Choi, S.; Coronas, J.; Lai, Z.; Yust, D.; Onorato, F.; Tsapatsis, M. Fabrication and gas separation properties of polybenzimidazole (PBI)/nanoporous silicates hybrid membranes. J. Membr. Sci., 2008, 316, 145-152.
62. [62] Kim, W.G.; Lee, J.S.; Bucknall, D.G.; Koros, W.J.; Nair, S. Nanoporous layered silicate AMH-3/cellulose acetate nanocomposite membranes for gas separations. J. Membr. Sci., 2013, 441, 129-136.
63. [63] Gorgojo, P.; Uriel, S.; Téllez, C.; Coronas, J. Development of mixed matrix membranes based on zeolite Nu-6(2) for gas separation. Micropor. Mesopor. Mater., 2008, 115, 85-92.
64. [64] Gorgojo, P.; Zornoza, B.; Uriel, S.; Tellez, C.; Coronas, J. Mixed matrix membranes from nanostructured materials for gas separation. In: Zeolites and related materials: Trends, Targets and Challenges, Proceedings of the 4th International Feza Conference, Gedeon, A.; Massiani P.; Babonneau, F.; Eds.; Elsevier Science B.V.: Amsterdam, 2008; Vol. 174, pp. 653-656.
65. [65] Gorgojo, P.; Sieffert, D.; Staudt, C.; Tellez, C.; Coronas, J. Exfoliated zeolite Nu-6(2) as filler for 6FDA-based copolyimide mixed matrix membranes. J. Membr. Sci., 2012, 411, 146-152.
66. [66] Covarrubias, C.; Quijada, R. Preparation of aluminophosphate/polyethylene nanocomposite membranes and their gas permeation properties. J. Membr. Sci., 2010, 358, 33-42.
67. [67] Pavlidou, S.; Papaspyrides, C.D. A review on polymer–layered silicate nanocomposites. Prog. Polym. Sci., 2008, 33, 1119-1198.
68. [68] Sinha Ray, S.; Okamoto, M. Polymer/layered silicate nanocomposites: a review from preparation to processing. Prog. Polym. Sci., 2003, 28, 1539-1641.
69. [69] He, Y.J.; Nivarthy, G.S.; Eder, F.; Seshan, K.; Lercher, J.A. Synthesis, characterization and catalytic activity of the pillared molecular sieve MCM-36. Micropor. Mesopor. Mater., 1998, 25, 207-224.
70. [70] Choi, J.; Tsapatsis, M. MCM-22/Silica selective flake nanocomposite membranes for hydrogen separations. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2010, 132, 448-449.
71. [71] Whittam, T.V. U.S. Patent 4 397 825, 1983.
72. [72] Lawton, S.L.; Fung, A.S.; Kennedy, G.J.; Alemany, L.B.; Chang, C.D.; Hatzikos, G.H.; Lissy, D.N.; Rubin, M.K.; Timken, H.K.C.; Steuernagel, S.; Woessner, D.E. Zeolite MCM-49: A three-dimensional MCM-22 analogue synthesized by in situ crystallization. J. Phys. Chem., 1996, 100, 3788-3798.
73. [73] Varoon, K.; Zhang, X.Y.; Elyassi, B.; Brewer, D.D.; Gettel, M.; Kumar, S.; Lee, J.A.; Maheshwari, S.; Mittal, A.; Sung, C.Y.; Cococcioni, M.; Francis, L.F.; McCormick, A.V.; Mkhoyan, K.A.; Tsapatsis, M. Dispersible exfoliated zeolite nanosheets and their application as a selective membrane. Science, 2011, 334, 72-75.
74. [74] Thomas, J.M.; Jones, R.H.; Xu, R.R.; Chen, J.S.; Chippindale, A.M.; Natarajan, S.; Cheetham, A.K. A novel porous sheet aluminophosphate-Al3P4O16 3-1.5 [NH3(CH2)4NH3]2+. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun., 1992, (13), 929-931.
75. [75] Gao, Q.M.; Li, B.Z.; Chen, J.S.; Li, S.G.; Xu, R.R.; Williams, I.; Zheng, J.Q.; Barber, D. Nonaqueous synthesis and characterization of a new 2-dimensional layered aluminophosphate [Al3P4O16]3-·3 [CH3CH2NH3]+. J. Solid State Chem., 1997, 129, 37-44.
76. [76] Rocha, J.; Anderson, M.W. Microporous titanosilicates and other novel mixed octahedral-tetrahedral framework oxides. Eur. J. Inorg. Chem., 2000, 2000, 801-818.
77. [77] Anderson, M.W.; Terasaki, O.; Ohsuna, T.; Philippou, A.; Mackay, S.P.; Ferreira, A.; Rocha, J.; Lidin, S. Structure of the microporous titanosilicate ETS-10. Nature, 1994, 367, 347-351.
78. [78] Philippou, A.; Anderson, M.W. Structural investigation of ETS-4. Zeolites, 1996, 16, 98-107.
79. [79] Lin, Z.; Rocha, J.; Brandao, P.; Ferreira, A.; Esculcas, A.P.; deJesus, J.D.P.; Philippou, A.; Anderson, M.W. Synthesis and structural characterization of microporous umbite, penkvilksite, and other titanosilicates. J. Phys. Chem. B, 1997, 101, 7114-7120.
80. [80] Roberts, M.A.; Sankar, G.; Thomas, J.M.; Jones, R.H.; Du, H.; Chen, J.; Pang, W.; Xu, R. Synthesis and structure of a layered titanosilicate catalyst with five-coordinate titanium. Nature, 1996, 381, 401-404.
81. [81] Krivovichev, S.V.; Armbruster, T. The crystal structure of jonesite, Ba2(K,Na) [Ti2(Si5Al)O18(H2O)](H2O)n: A first example of titanosilicate with porous double layers. Am. Miner., 2004, 89, 314-318.
82. [82] Anderson, M.W.; Terasaki, O.; Ohsuna, T.; Malley, P.J.O.; Philippou, A.; Mackay, S.P.; Ferreira, A.; Rocha, J.; Lidin, S. Microporous titanosilicate ETS-10: A structural survey. Philos. Mag. B, 1995, 71, 813-841.
83. [83] Veltri, M.; Vuono, D.; De Luca, P.; Nagy, J.B.; Nastro, A. Typical data of a new microporous material obtained from gels with titanium and silicon. J. Therm. Anal. Calorim., 2006, 84, 247-252.
84. [84] Ferdov, S.; Kostov-Kytin, V.; Petrov, O. A rapid method of synthesizing the layered titanosilicate JDF-L1. Chem. Commun., 2002, (16), 1786-1787.
85. [85] Galve, A.; Sieffert, D.; Vispe, E.; Tellez, C.; Coronas, J.; Staudt, C. Copolyimide mixed matrix membranes with oriented microporous titanosilicate JDF-L1 sheet particles. J. Membr. Sci., 2011, 370, 131-140.
86. [86] Castarlenas, S.; Gorgojo, P.; Casado-Coterillo, C.; Masheshwari, S.; Tsapatsis, M.; Tellez, C.; Coronas, J. Melt compounding of swollen titanosilicate jdf-l1 with polysulfone to obtain mixed matrix membranes for H2/CH4 separation. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 2013, 52, 1901-1907.
87. [87] Zornoza, B.; Téllez, C.; Coronas, J. Mixed matrix membranes comprising glassy polymers and dispersed mesoporous silica spheres for gas separation. J. Membr. Sci., 2011, 368, 100-109.
88. [88] Pérez-Carvajal, J.; Aranda, P.; Berenguer-Murcia, A.; Cazorla-Amorós, D.; Coronas, J.N.; Ruiz-Hitzky, E. Nanoarchitectures based on layered titanosilicates supported on glass fibers: Application to hydrogen storage. Langmuir, 2012, 29, 7449-7455.
89. [89] Park, K.W.; Jung, J.H.; Kim, J.D.; Kim, S.K.; Kwon, O.Y. Preparation of mesoporous silica-pillared H+-titanosilicates. Micropor. Mesopor. Mater., 2009, 118, 100-105.
90. [90] Park, K.W.; Seo, H.J.; Kwon, O.Y. Mesoporous silica-pillared titanosilicate as catalytic support for partial oxidation of methane. Micropor. Mesopor. Mater., 2014, 195, 191-196.
91. [91] Dadachov, M.S.; Rocha, J.; Ferreira, A.; Lin, Z.; Anderson, M.W. Ab initio structure determination of layered sodium titanium silicate containing edgesharing titanate chains (AM-4) Na3(Na,H)Ti2O2 [Si2O6].2.2H2O. Chem. Commun., 1997, (24), 2371-2372.
92. [92] Casado, C.; Ambroj, D.; Mayoral, A.; Vispe, E.; Tellez, C.; Coronas, J. Synthesis, swelling, and exfoliation of microporous lamellar titanosilicate AM-4. Eur. J. Inorg. Chem., 2011, 2011, 2247-2253.
93. [93] Anson, A.; Lin, C.C.H.; Kuznicki, S.M.; Sawada, J.A. Adsorption of carbon dioxide, ethane, and methane on titanosilicate type molecular sieves. Chem. Eng. Sci., 2009, 64, 3683-3687.
94. [94] Lima, S.; Dias, A.S.; Lin, Z.; Brandao, P.; Ferreira, P.; Pillinger, M.; Rocha, J.; Calvino-Casilda, V.; Valente, A.A. Isomerization of D-glucose to Dfructose over metallosilicate solid bases. Appl. Catal. A-Gen., 2008, 339, 21-27.
95. [95] Pérez-Carvajal, J.; Lalueza, P.; Casado, C.; Téllez, C.; Coronas, J. Layered titanosilicates JDF-L1 and AM-4 for biocide applications. Appl. Clay. Sci., 2012, 56, 30-35.
96. [96] Novoselov, K.S.; Geim, A.K.; Morozov, S.V.; Jiang, D.; Zhang, Y.; Dubonos, S.V.; Grigorieva, I.V.; Firsov, A.A. Electric field effect in atomically thin carbon films. Science, 2004, 306, 666-669.
97. [97] Spitalsky, Z.; Danko, M.; Mosnacek, J. Preparation of functionalized graphene sheets. Curr. Org. Chem., 2011, 15, 1133-1150.
98. [98] Berry, V. Impermeability of graphene and its applications. Carbon, 2013, 62, 1-10.
99. [99] Nair, R.R.; Wu, H.A.; Jayaram, P.N.; Grigorieva, I.V.; Geim, A.K. Unimpeded permeation of water through helium-leak-tight graphene-based membranes. Science, 2012, 335, 442-444.
100. [100] Joshi, R.K.; Carbone, P.; Wang, F.C.; Kravets, V.G.; Su, Y.; Grigorieva, I.V.; Wu, H.A.; Geim, A.K.; Nair, R.R. Precise and ultrafast molecular sieving through graphene oxide membranes. Science, 2014, 343, 752-754.
101. [101] Han, Y.; Xu, Z.; Gao, C. Ultrathin graphene nanofiltration membrane for water purification. Adv. Funct. Mater., 2013, 23, 3693-3700.
102. [102] Jiang, D.E.; Cooper, V.R.; Dai, S. Porous graphene as the ultimate membrane for gas separation. Nano Lett., 2009, 9, 4019-4024.
103. [103] Du, H.; Li, J.; Zhang, J.; Su, G.; Li, X.; Zhao, Y. Separation of hydrogen and nitrogen gases with porous graphene membrane. J. Phys. Chem. C, 2011, 115, 23261-23266.
104. [104] Drahushuk, L.W.; Strano, M.S. Mechanisms of gas permeation through single layer graphene membranes. Langmuir, 2012, 28, 16671-16678.
105. [105] Shan, M.; Xue, Q.; Jing, N.; Ling, C.; Zhang, T.; Yan, Z.; Zheng, J. Influence of chemical functionalization on the CO2/N2 separation performance of porous graphene membranes. Nanoscale, 2012, 4, 5477-5482.
106. [106] Lee, J.; Aluru, N.R. Water-solubility-driven separation of gases using graphene membrane. J. Membr. Sci., 2013, 428, 546-553.
107. [107] Liu, H.; Dai, S.; Jiang, D.E. Insights into CO2/N2 separation through nanoporous graphene from molecular dynamics. Nanoscale, 2013, 5, 9984-9987.
108. [108] Liu, H.; Dai, S.; Jiang, D.E. Permeance of H2 through porous graphene from molecular dynamics. Solid State Commun., 2013, 175, 101-105.
109. [109] Qin, X.; Meng, Q.; Feng, Y.; Gao, Y. Graphene with line defect as a membrane for gas separation: Design via a first-principles modeling. Surf. Sci., 2013, 607, 153-158.
110. [110] Fischbein, M.D.; Drndic, M. Electron beam nanosculpting of suspended graphene sheets. Appl. Phys. Lett., 2008, 93, 1-3.
111. [111] Koenig, S.P.; Wang, L.; Pellegrino, J.; Bunch, J.S. Selective molecular sieving through porous graphene. Nat. Nanotechnol., 2012, 7, 728-732.
112. [112] Celebi, K.; Buchheim, J.; Wyss, R.M.; Droudian, A.; Gasser, P.; Shorubalko, I.; Kye, J.I.; Lee, C.; Park, H.G. Ultimate permeation across atomically thin porous graphene. Science, 2014, 344, 289-292.
113. [113] Li, H.; Song, Z.; Zhang, X.; Huang, Y.; Li, S.; Mao, Y.; Ploehn, H.J.; Bao, Y.; Yu, M. Ultrathin, Molecular-sieving graphene oxide membranes for selective hydrogen separation. Science, 2013, 342, 95-98.
114. [114] Boutilier, M.S.H.; Sun, C.; O'Hern, S.C.; Au, H.; Hadjiconstantinou, N.G.; Karnik, R. Implications of permeation through intrinsic defects in graphene on the design of defect-tolerant membranes for gas separation. ACS Nano, 2014, 8, 841-849.
115. [115] Yang, Y.H.; Bolling, L.; Priolo, M.A.; Grunlan, J.C. Super gas barrier and selectivity of graphene oxide-polymer multilayer thin films. Adv. Mater., 2013, 25, 503-508.
116. [116] Kim, H.; Macosko, C.W. Processing-property relationships of polycarbonate/graphene composites. Polymer, 2009, 50, 3797-3809.
117. [117] Kim, H.; Miura, Y.; Macosko, C.W. Graphene/Polyurethane nanocomposites for improved gas barrier and electrical conductivity. Chem. Mater., 2010, 22, 3441-3450.
118. [118] Compton, O.C.; Kim, S.; Pierre, C.; Torkelson, J.M.; Nguyen, S.T. Crumpled graphene nanosheets as highly effective barrier property enhancers. Adv. Mater., 2010, 22, 4759-4763.
119. [119] Chang, K.C.; Hsu, C.H.; Lu, H.I.; Ji, W.F.; Chang, C.H.; Li, W.Y.; Chuang, T.L.; Yeh, J.M.; Liu, W.R.; Tsai, M.H. Advanced anticorrosive coatings prepared from electroactive polyimide/graphene nanocomposites with synergistic effects of redox catalytic capability and gas barrier properties. Express Polym. Lett., 2014, 8, 243-255.
120. [120] Jin, J.; Rafiq, R.; Gill, Y.Q.; Song, M. Preparation and characterization of high performance of graphene/nylon nanocomposites. Eur. Polym. J., 2013, 49, 2617-2626.
121. [121] Kuila, T.; Bose, S.; Mishra, A.K.; Khanra, P.; Kim, N.H.; Lee, J.H. Effect of functionalized graphene on the physical properties of linear low density polyethylene nanocomposites. Polym. Test, 2012, 31, 31-38.
122. [122] Chang, K.C.; Ji, W.F.; Lai, M.C.; Hsiao, Y.R.; Hsu, C.H.; Chuang, T.L.; Wei, Y.; Yeh, J.M.; Liu, W.R. Synergistic effects of hydrophobicity and gas barrier properties on the anticorrosion property of PMMA nanocomposite coatings embedded with graphene nanosheets. Polym. Chem., 2014, 5, 1049-1056.
123. [123] Kang, H.L.; Zuo, K.H.; Wang, Z.; Zhang, L.Q.; Liu, L.; Guo, B.C. Using a green method to develop graphene oxide/elastomers nanocomposites with combination of high barrier and mechanical performance. Compos. Sci. Technol., 2014, 92, 1-8.
124. [124] Zinadini, S.; Zinatizadeh, A.A.; Rahimi, M.; Vatanpour, V.; Zangeneh, H. Preparation of a novel antifouling mixed matrix PES membrane by embedding graphene oxide nanoplates. J. Membr. Sci., 2014, 453, 292-301.
125. [125] Shao, L.; Cheng, X.Q.; Wang, Z.X.; Ma, J.; Guo, Z.H. Tuning the performance of polypyrrole-based solvent-resistant composite nanofiltration membranes by optimizing polymerization conditions and incorporating graphene oxide. J. Membr. Sci., 2014, 452, 82-89.
126. [126] Suhas, D.P.; Raghu, A.V.; Jeong, H.M.; Aminabhavi, T.M. Graphene-loaded sodium alginate nanocomposite membranes with enhanced isopropanol dehydration performance via a pervaporation technique. RSC Adv., 2013, 3, 17120-17130.
127. [127] Peng, F.B.; Lu, L.Y.; Sun, H.L.; Pan, F.S.; Jiang, Z.Y. Organic-inorganic hybrid membranes with simultaneously enhanced flux and selectivity. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 2007, 46, 2544-2549.
128. [128] BCC Market Research Reports: Membrane Technology for Liquid and Gas Separations. http://www.bccresearch.com/market-research/membrane-andseparation-technology/membrane-tech-liquid-gas-separations-mst041e.html (accessed April 29, 2014).
129. [129] Budd, P.M.; Msayib, K.J.; Tattershall, C.E.; Ghanem, B.S.; Reynolds, K.J.; McKeown, N.B.; Fritsch, D. Gas separation membranes from polymers of intrinsic microporosity. J. Membr. Sci., 2005, 251, 263-269.
130. [130] Jha, P.; Way, J.D. Carbon dioxide selective mixed-matrix membranes formulation and characterization using rubbery substituted polyphosphazene. J. Membr. Sci., 2008, 324, 151-161.
131. [131] Roth, W.J.; Dorset, D.L. Expanded view of zeolite structures and their variability based on layered nature of 3-D frameworks. Micropor. Mesopor. Mater., 2011, 142, 32-36.
132. [132] Rowsell, J.L.C.; Yaghi, O.M. Metal-organic frameworks: A new class of porous materials. Micropor. Mesopor. Mater., 2004, 73, 3-14.
133. [133] Yaghi, O.M.; O'Keeffe, M.; Ockwig, N.W.; Chae, H.K.; Eddaoudi, M.; Kim, J. Reticular synthesis and the design of new materials. Nature, 2003, 423, 705-714.
134. [134] Arslan, H.K.; Shekhah, O.; Wieland, D.C.F.; Paulus, M.; Sternemann, C.; Schroer, M.A.; Tiemeyer, S.; Tolan, M.; Fischer, R.A.; Wöll, C. Intercalation in layered metal–organic frameworks: Reversible inclusion of an extended π system. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2011, 133, 8158-8161.
135. [135] Kim, W.G.; Nair, S. Membranes from nanoporous 1D and 2D materials: A review of opportunities, developments, and challenges. Chem. Eng. Sci., 2013, 104, 908-924.
136. [136] Lin, H. Integrated membrane material and process development for gas separation. Curr. Opin. Chem. Eng., 2014, 4, 54-61.