Epidemiological and economic burden of Alzheimer's disease: A systematic literature review of data across Europe and the United States of America

Journal of Alzheimer's Disease

Volumn 43, Issue 4, 2014, Pages 1271-1284

  Takizawa, Claire ^a   Thompson, Paula L ^b   Van Walsem, Anneloes ^b   Faure, Céline ^c   Maier, William C ^b  

^a NESTLÉ RESEARCH CENTER   (Switzerland)

^b MAPI GROUP   (Netherlands)

^c MAPI Institute   (France)

Author keywords

Alzheimer's disease; direct costs; economic; epidemiology; incidence; indirect costs; medical costs; mortality; non medical costs; prevalence

Indexed keywords

ALZHEIMER DISEASE; ARTICLE; COST OF ILLNESS; DISEASE SEVERITY; ECONOMIC ASPECT; EUROPE; FRANCE; GERMANY; HEALTH CARE COST; HUMAN; INCIDENCE; ITALY; MORTALITY; NETHERLANDS; SPAIN; SYSTEMATIC REVIEW; UNITED KINGDOM; UNITED STATES; ECONOMICS;

ALZHEIMER DISEASE; EUROPE; HEALTH CARE COSTS; HEALTH EXPENDITURES; HUMANS; UNITED STATES;

EID: 84919917768     PISSN: 13872877     EISSN: 18758908     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3233/JAD-141134     Document Type: Article

References (72)

1. Qiu C, Kivipelto M, von SE (2009) Epidemiology of Alzheimer's disease: Occurrence, determinants, and strategies toward intervention. Dialogues Clin Neurosci 11, 111-128.
2. McKhann GM, Knopman DS, Chertkow H, Hyman BT, Jack CR Jr, Kawas CH, Klunk WE, Koroshetz WJ, Manly JJ, Mayeux R, Mohs RC, Morris JC, Rossor MN, Scheltens P, Carrillo MC, Thies B, Weintraub S, Phelps CH (2011) The diagnosis of dementia due to Alzheimer's disease: Recommendations from the National Institute on Aging-Alzheimer's Association workgroups on diagnostic guidelines for Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimers Dement 7, 263-269.
3. Jefferson AL, Cosentino SA, Ball SK, Bogdanoff B, Leopold N, Kaplan E, Libon DJ (2002) Errors produced on the Mini-Mental State Examination and neuropsychological test performance in Alzheimer's disease, ischemic vascular dementia, and Parkinson's disease. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci 14, 311-320.
4. Gao S, Hendrie HC, Hall KS, Hui S (1998) The relationships between age, sex, and the incidence of dementia and Alzheimer disease: A meta-analysis. Arch Gen Psychiatry 55, 809-815.
5. Liberati A, Altman DG, Tetzlaff J, Mulrow C, Gotzsche PC, Ioannidis JP, Clarke M, Devereaux PJ, Kleijnen J, Moher D (2009) The PRISMA statement for reporting systematic reviews and meta-analyses of studies that evaluate health care interventions: Explanation and elaboration. PLoS Med 6, e1000100.
6. The World Databank (2014) The World Databank., http:// databank.worldbank.org/data/home.aspx, Accessed January 8, 2014.
7. Teipel SJ, Ewers M, Reisig V, Schweikert B, Hampel H, Happich M (2007) Long-term cost-effectiveness of donepezil for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 257, 330-336.
8. Hoogveldt B, Rive B, Severens J, Maman K, Guilhaume C (2011) Cost-effectiveness analysis of memantine for moderate-to-severe Alzheimer's disease in The Netherlands. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 7, 313-317.
9. Murman DL, Chen Q, Powell MC, Kuo SB, Bradley CJ, Colenda CC (2002) The incremental direct costs associated with behavioral symptoms in AD. Neurology 59, 1721-1729.
10. Evans DA, Bennett DA, Wilson RS, Bienias JL, Morris MC, Scherr PA, Hebert LE, Aggarwal N, Beckett LA, Joglekar R, Berry-Kravis E, Schneider J (2003) Incidence of Alzheimer disease in a biracial urban community: Relation to apolipoprotein E allele status. Arch Neurol 60, 185-189.
11. Brookmeyer R, Evans DA, Hebert L, Langa KM, Heeringa SG, Plassman BL, Kukull WA (2011) National estimates of the prevalence of Alzheimer's disease in the United States. Alzheimers Dement 7, 61-73.
12. Di Carlo A, Baldereschi M, Amaducci L, Lepore V, Bracco L, Maggi S, Bonaiuto S, Perissinotto E, Scarlato G, Farchi G, Inzitari D,Working ILSA, Group (2002) Incidence of dementia, Alzheimer's disease, and vascular dementia in Italy. The ILSA Study. J Am Geriatr Soc 50, 41-48.
13. Katz MJ, Lipton RB, Hall CB, Zimmerman ME, Sanders AE, Verghese J, Dickson DW, Derby CA (2012) Age-specific and sex-specific prevalence and incidence of mild cognitive impairment, dementia, and alzheimer dementia in blacks and whites: A report from the Einstein aging study. Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord 26, 335-343.
14. Hall KS, Gao S, Baiyewu O, Lane KA, Gureje O, Shen J, Ogunniyi A, Murrell JR, Unverzagt FW, Dickens J, Smith-Gamble V, Hendrie HC (2009) Prevalence rates for dementia and Alzheimer's disease in African Americans: 1992 versus 2001. Alzheimers Dement 5, 227-233.
15. Stevens T, Livingston G, Kitchen G, Manela M, Walker Z, Katona C (2002) Islington study of dementia subtypes in the community. Br J Psychiatry 180, 270-276.
16. Tognoni G, Ceravolo R, Nucciarone B, Bianchi F, Dell'Agnello G, Ghicopulos I, Siciliano G, Murri L (2005) From mild cognitive impairment to dementia: A prevalence study in a district of Tuscany, Italy. Acta Neurol Scand 112, 65-71.
17. Sicras A, Rejas J, Arco S, Flores E, Ortega G, Esparcia A, Suarez A, Gordillo MJ (2005) Prevalence, resource utilization and costs of vascular dementia compared to Alzheimer's dementia in a population setting. Dement GeriatrCogn Disord 19, 305-315.
18. Lobo A, Lopez-Anton R, Santabarbara J, de la Camara C, Ventura T, Quintanilla MA, Roy JF, Campayo AJ, Lobo E, Palomo T, Rodriguez-Jimenez R, Saz P, Marcos G (2011) Incidence and lifetime risk of dementia and Alzheimer's disease in a Southern European population. Acta Psychiatr Scand 124, 372-383.
19. Fitzpatrick AL, Kuller LH, Ives DG, Lopez OL, Jagust W, Breitner JCS, Jones B, Lyketsos C, Dulberg C (2004) Incidence and prevalence of dementia in the Cardiovascular Health Study. J Am Geriatr Soc 52, 195-204.
20. Akushevich I, Kravchenko J, Ukraintseva S, ArbeevK,Yashin AI (2012) Age patterns of incidence of geriatric disease in the U.S. elderly population: Medicare-based analysis. J Am Geriatr Soc 60, 323-327.
21. Griffiths C, Rooney C (2006) Trends in mortality from Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease and dementia, England and Wales, 1979-2004. Health Stat Q, 6-14.
22. Figueroa R, Steenland K, MacNeil JR, Levey AI, Vega IE (2008) Geographical differences in the occurrence of Alzheimer's disease mortality: United States versus Puerto Rico. Am J Alzheimers Dis Other Demen 23, 462-469.
23. Moschetti K, Cummings PL, Sorvillo F,Kuo T (2012) Burden of Alzheimer's disease-related mortality in the United States, 1999-2008. J Am Geriatr Soc 60, 1509-1514.
24. Giovannetti L, Chellini E, Martini A, Fornai MG, Querci A, Sorso B, Costantini AS (2007) Mortality among the elderly in Tuscany in the period 1987-2003. Epidemiol Prev 31, 117-126.
25. Steenland K, MacNeil J,Vega I, LeveyA(2009) Recent trends in Alzheimer disease mortality in the United States, 1999 to 2004. Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord 23, 165-170.
26. Lopez-Pousa S, Vilalta-Franch J, Llinas-Regla J, Garre-Olmo J, Roman GC (2004) Incidence of dementia in a rural community in Spain: The Girona cohort study. Neuroepidemiology 23, 170-177.
27. Benedetti MD, Salviati A, Filipponi S, Manfredi M, De Togni L, Gomez Lira M, Stenta G, Fincati E, Pampanin M, Rizzuto N, Danti G (2002) Prevalence of dementia and apolipoprotein e genotype distribution in the elderly of buttapietra, verona province, Italy. Neuroepidemiology 21, 74-80.
28. Spada RS, Stella G, Calabrese S, Bosco P, Anello G, Gueant-Rodriguez RM, Romano A, Benamghar L, Gueant JL (2009) Prevalence of dementia in mountainous village of Sicily. J Neurol Sci 283, 62-65.
29. Bufill E, Bartes A, Moral A, Casadevall T, Codinachs M, Zapater E, Rovira JC, Perez R, Roura P, Blesa R (2009) Prevalence of cognitive deterioration in people over 80 years old: COGMANLLEU study. Neurologia 24, 102-107.
30. Gascon-Bayarri J, Rene R, Del Barrio JL, De Pedro-Cuesta J, Ramon JM, Manubens JM, Sanchez C, Hernandez M, Estela J, Juncadella M, Rubio FR (2007) Prevalence of dementia subtypes in El Prat de Llobregat, Catalonia, Spain: The PRATICON study. Neuroepidemiology 28, 224-234.
31. Rocca WA, Petersen RC, Knopman DS, Hebert LE, Evans DA, Hall KS, Gao S, Unverzagt FW, Langa KM, Larson EB, White LR (2011) Trends in the incidence and prevalence of Alzheimer's disease, dementia, and cognitive impairment in the United States. Alzheimers Dement 7, 80-93.
32. Alzheimer's Association (2012) 2012 Alzheimer's disease facts and figures. Alzheimers Dement 8, 131-168.
33. Mercy L, Hodges JR, Dawson K, Barker RA, BrayneC(2008) Incidence of early-onset dementias in Cambridgeshire, United Kingdom. Neurology 71, 1496-1499.
34. Kukull WA, Higdon R, Bowen JD, McCormick WC, Teri L, Schellenberg GD, van Belle G, Jolley L, Larson EB (2002) Dementia and Alzheimer disease incidence: A prospective cohort study. Arch Neurol 59, 1737-1746.
35. Faure S, Sarazin M, Girtanner C, Gonthier R, Laurent B, Florie S (2004) Diagnosis and characteristics of the follow-up of the Alzheimer's disease: About a 3 month survey with general practitioners of the Loire department. Rev Geriatr 29, 779-788.
36. Tuppin P, Cuerq A,Weill A, Ricordeau P, Allemand H (2012) Alzheimer disease and other dementia in France: Identification, management and neuroleptic use (2007-2009). Rev Neurol (Paris) 168, 152-160.
37. Wilson RS, Aggarwal NT, Barnes LL, Bienias JL, Mendes de Leon CF, Evans DA (2009) Biracial population study of mortality in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer disease. Arch Neurol 66, 767-772.
38. Ravaglia G, Forti P, Maioli F, Sacchetti L, Mariani E, Nativio V, Talerico T,Vettori C, Macini PL (2002) Education, occupation, and prevalence of dementia: Findings from the Conselice study. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord 14, 90-100.
39. Miech RA, Breitner JCS, Zandi PP, Khachaturian AS, Anthony JC, Mayer L (2002) Incidence of AD may decline in the early 90s for men, later for women: The Cache County study. Neurology 58, 209-218.
40. Hebert LE, Scherr PA, Bienias JL, Bennett DA, Evans DA (2003) Alzheimer disease in the US population: Prevalence estimates using the 2000 census. Arch Neurol 60, 1119-1122.
41. Ganguli M, Dodge HH, Shen C, Pandav RS, DeKosky ST (2005) Alzheimer disease and mortality: A 15-year epidemiological study. Arch Neurol 62, 779-784.
42. Bickel H, Burger K, Hampel H, Schreiber Y, Sonntag A, Wiegele B, Forstl H, Kurz A (2006) Presenile dementia in memory clinics-incidence rates and clinical features. Nervenarzt 77, 1079-1085.
43. National Public Health Compass (2003). http://www. nationaalkompas.nl/ Last updated December 2013, Accessed February 2014.
44. Calvo-Perxas L, Osuna MT, Gich J, Eligio-Hernandez E, Linares M, Vinas M, Casas I, Turro-Garriga O, Lopez-Pousa S, Garre-Olmo J, En Representacion Del Grupo de Estudio Del Registro de Demencias de Girona (2012) Clinical and demographic characteristics of the cases of dementia diagnosed in the Health District of Girona throughout the period 2007-2010: Data from the Girona Dementia Registry (ReDeGi). Rev Neurol 54, 399-406.
45. Ramaroson H, Helmer C, Barberger-Gateau P, Letenneur L, Dartigues JF, PAQUID (2003) [Prevalence of dementia and Alzheimer's disease among subjects aged 75 years or over: Updated results of the PAQUID cohort]. Rev Neurol (Paris) 159, 405-411.
46. Virues-Ortega J, De Pedro-Cuesta J, Vega S, Seijo-Martinez M, Saz P, Rodriguez F, Rodriguez-Laso A, Rene R, de las Heras SP, Mateos R, Martinez-Martin P, Mahillo-Fernandez I, Lopez-Pousa S, Lobo A, Regla JL, Gascon J, Garcia FJ, Fernandez-Martinez M, Boix R, Bermejo-Pareja F, Bergareche A, Sanchez-Sanchez F, de AA, Del Barrio JL (2011) Prevalence and European comparison of dementia in a >=75-year-old composite population in Spain. Acta Neurol Scand 123, 316-324.
47. Koedam ELGE, PijnenburgYAL, Deeg DJH, BaakMME,van der Vlies AE, Scheltens P, van der Flier WM (2008) Earlyonset dementia is associated with higher mortality. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord 26, 147-152.
48. Tschanz JT, Corcoran C, Skoog I, Khachaturian AS, Herrick J, Hayden KM, Welsh-Bohmer KA, Calvert T, Norton MC, Zandi P, Breitner JCS, Cache County Study Group (2004) Dementia: The leading predictor of death in a defined elderly population: The Cache County Study. Neurology 62, 1156-1162.
49. Lopez-Pousa S, Garre-Olmo J, Turon-Estrada A, Hernandez F, Exposito I, Lozano-Gallego M, Hernandez-Ferrandiz M, Gelada-Batlle E, Pericot-Nierga I, Vilalta-Franch J (2004) Cost relation between severity of Alzheimer's disease and cognitive and functional impairment. [Spanish]. Med Clin (Barc) 122, 767-772.
50. Reed C, Argimon J, Belger MA, Bruno G, Dodel R, Happich M, Haro JM, Jones RW, Vellas B, Wimo A (2012) Health care resource use and cost in Alzheimer's disease in three European countries-baseline findings of the GERAS study. Value Health 15, A527-A527.
51. Caro J, Salas M, Ward A, Getsios D, Migliaccio-Walle K, Garfield F (2004) Assessing the health and economic impact of galantamine treatment in patients with Alzheimer's disease in the health care systems of different countries. Drugs Aging 21, 677-686.
52. Georges J, Jansen S, Jackson J, Meyrieux A, Sadowska A, Selmes M (2008) Alzheimer's disease in real life - the dementia carer's survey. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 23, 546-551.
53. Gustavsson A, Cattelin F, Jonsson L (2011) Costs of care in a mild-to-moderate Alzheimer clinical trial sample: Key resources and their determinants. Alzheimers Dement 7, 466-473.
54. Gustavsson A, Brinck P, Bergvall N, Kolasa K, Wimo A, Winblad B, Jonsson L (2011) Predictors of costs of care in Alzheimer's disease:Amultinational sample of 1222 patients. Alzheimers Dement 7, 318-327.
55. Rapp T, Andrieu S, Molinier L, Grand A, Cantet C, Mullins CD, Vellas B (2012) Exploring the relationship between Alzheimer's disease severity and longitudinal costs. Value Health 15, 412-419.
56. Rigaud AS, Fagnani F, Bayle C, Latour F, Traykov L, Forette F (2003) Patients with Alzheimer's disease living at home in France: Costs and consequences of the disease. J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol 16, 140-145.
57. Hartz S, Getsios D, Tao S, Blume S, Maclaine G (2012) Evaluating the cost effectiveness of donepezil in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease in Germany using discrete event simulation. BMC Neuro 12, 2.
58. Kiencke P, Daniel D, Grimm C, Rychlik R (2011) Direct costs of Alzheimer's disease in Germany. Eur J Health Econ 12, 533-539.
59. Reese JP, Hessmann P, Seeberg G, Henkel D, Hirzmann P, Rieke J, Baum E, Dannhoff F, Muller MJ, Jessen F, Geldsetzer MB, Dodel R (2011) Cost and care of patients with Alzheimer's disease: Clinical predictors in German health care settings. J Alzheimers Dis 27, 723-736.
60. Caro JJ, Salas M,Ward A, Getsios D, Mehnert A (2002) Economic analysis of galantamine, a cholinesterase inhibitor, in the treatment of patients with mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease in the Netherlands. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord 14, 84-89.
61. Lopez-Bastida J, Serrano-Aguilar P, Perestelo-Perez L, Oliva-Moreno J (2006) Social-economic costs and quality of life of Alzheimer disease in the Canary Islands, Spain. Neurology 67, 2186-2191.
62. Lopez-Bastida J, HartW, Garcia-Perez L, Linertova R (2009) Cost-effectiveness of donepezil in the treatment of mild or moderate Alzheimer's disease. J Alzheimers Dis 16, 399-407.
63. Coduras A, Rabasa I, Frank A, Bermejo-Pareja F, Lopez-Pousa S, Lopez-Arrieta JM, Del LJ, Leon T, Rejas J (2010) Prospective one-year cost-of-illness study in a cohort of patients with dementia of Alzheimer's disease type in Spain: The ECO study. J Alzheimers Dis 19, 601-615.
64. Getsios D, Blume S, Ishak KJ, Maclaine GD (2010) Cost effectiveness of donepezil in the treatment of mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease: A UK evaluation using discrete-event simulation. Pharmacoeconomics 28, 411-427.
65. Getsios D, Blume S, Ishak KJ, Maclaine G, Hernandez L (2012) An economic evaluation of early assessment for Alzheimer's disease in the United Kingdom. Alzheimers Dement 8, 22-30.
66. Weimer DL, Sager MA (2009) Early identification and treatment of Alzheimer's disease: Social and fiscal outcomes. Alzheimers Dement 5, 215-226.
67. Knopman DS, Berg JD, Thomas R, Grundman M, Thal LJ, SanoM(1999) Nursing home placement is related to dementia progression: Experience from a clinical trial. Alzheimer's Disease Cooperative Study. Neurology 52, 714-718.
68. Parkin D, McGuire A, Yule B (1987) Aggregate health care expenditures and national income. Is health care a luxury good? J Health Econ 6, 109-127.
69. Gerdtham UG, Jonsson B (1991) Conversion factor instability in international comparisons of health care expenditure. J Health Econ 10, 227-234.
70. Wordsworth S, LudbrookA(2005) Comparing costing results in across country economic evaluations: The use of technology specific purchasing power parities. Health Econ 14, 93-99.
71. European Union, OCDE (2012) Eurostat-OECD Methodological Manual on Purchasing Power Parities.
72. Costa N, Derumeaux H, Rapp T, Garnault V, Ferlicoq L, Gillette S, Andrieu S, Vellas B, Lamure M, Grand A, Molinier L (2012) Methodological considerations in cost of illness studies on Alzheimer disease. Health Econ Rev 2, 18.