From organic matter to graphite: Graphitization

Elements

Volumn 10, Issue 6, 2014, Pages 421-426

  Buseck, Peter R ^a   Beyssac, Olivier ^b  

^a ARIZONA STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITÉ PIERRE ET MARIE CURIE   (France)

Author keywords

Carbon cycle; Graphite; Graphitic carbon; Raman spectroscopy; TEM; Transmission electron microscopy

Indexed keywords

BIOACTIVITY; GRAPHITIZATION; HIGH RESOLUTION TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY; ORGANIC COMPOUNDS; RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY; STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY; TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY;

CARBON CYCLES; CARBON STRUCTURES; GEOLOGICAL PROCESS; GRAPHITE STRUCTURES; GRAPHITIC CARBONS; GRAPHITIZATION PROCESS; PHYSICAL CONDITIONS; SURFACE ENVIRONMENTS;

GRAPHITE;

CARBON CYCLE; GRAPHITE; GRAPHITIZATION; ORGANIC CARBON; RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY; STABLE ISOTOPE; TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY;

EID: 84919441778     PISSN: 18115209     EISSN: 18115217     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2113/gselements.10.6.421     Document Type: Article

References (31)

1. Bernard S Papin eau D (2014) Graphitic carbons and biosignatures. Elements 10: 435-440
2. Beyssac O Lazzeri (2012) Application of Raman spectrometry to the study of graphitic carbons in the Earth Sciences. EMU Notes in Mineralogy 12: 415-454
3. Beyssac O Rumble D (2014) Graphitic carbon: A ubiquitous, diverse, and useful geomaterial. Elements 10: 415-420
4. Beyssac O Rouzaud J-N Goff é B Brunet F Chopin C (2002a ) Graphitization in a high-pressure, low-temperature metamorphic gradient: a Raman microspectroscopy and HRTEM study. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 143: 19-31
5. Beyssac O Goffé B Chopin C Rouzaud JN (2002b ) Raman spectra of carbonaceous material in metasediments: a new geothermometer. Journal of Metamorphic Geology 20: 859-871
6. Beyssac O Brunet F Petitet J-P Goffé B Rouzaud J-N (2003) Experimental study of the microtextural and structural transformations of carbonaceous materials under pressure and temperature. European Journal of Mineralogy 15: 937-951
7. Bonal L Bourot-D enise M Quirico E Montagnac G Lewin E (2007) Organic matter and metamorphic history of CO chondrites. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 71: 1605-1623
8. Bottinga Y 1969 Calculated fractionation factors for carbon and hydrogen isotope exchange in the system calcitecarbon dioxide-graphite-methanehydrogen-water vapor Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 33 49-64
9. Buseck PR Huang B-J (1985) Conversion of carbonaceous material to graphite during metamorphism. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 49: 2003-2016
10. Buseck PR Huang B-J Keller LP (1987) Electron microscope investigation of the structures of annealed carbons. Energy & Fuels 1: 105-110
11. Buseck PR Huang B-J Miner BA (1988) Structural order and disorder in Precambrian kerogens. Organic Geochemistry 12: 221-234
12. Busemann H Alexander CMO 'D Nittler LR (2007) Characterization of insoluble organic matter in primitive meteorites by microRaman spectroscopy. Meteoritics & Planetary Science 42: 1387-1416
13. De Fonton S Oberlin A Inagaki M (1980) Characterization by electron microscopy of carbon phases (intermediate turbostratic phase and graphite) in hard carbons when heat-treated under pressure. Journal of Materials Science 15: 909-917
14. Dunn SR Valley JW (1992) Calcite-graphite isotope thermometry: a test for polymetamorphism in marble Tudor gabbro aureole Ontario Canada. Journal of Metamorphic Geology 10: 487-501
15. Franklin RE (1951) Crystalli te growth in graphitizing and non-graphitizing carbons. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series A 209: 196-218
16. French BM (1964) Graphitization of organic material in a progressively metamorphosed Precambrian iron formation. Science 146: 917-918
17. Galy V Beyssac O France-Lanord C Eglinton T (2008) Recycling of graphite during Himalayan erosion: A geological stabilization of carbon in the crust.
18. Garvie LAJ Buseck PR (2007) Prebiotic carbon in clays from Orgueil and Ivuna (CI), and Tagish Lake (C2 ungrouped) meteorites. Meteoritics & Planetary Science 42: 2111-2117
19. Grew ES (1974) Carbonaceous material in some metamorphic rocks of New England and other areas. Journal of Geology 82: 50-73
20. Harris PJF (2005) New perspectives on the structure of graphitic carbons. Critical Reviews in Solid State and Materials Sciences 30: 235-253
21. Kuo L-W and 8 coauthors (2014) Gouge graphitization and dynamic fault weakening during the 2008 Mw 7.9 Wenchuan earthquake. Geology 42: 47-50
22. Landis CA (1971) Graphitization of dispersed carbonaceous material in metamorphic rocks. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 30: 34-45
23. Oberlin A (1989) High-resolution TEM studies of carbonization and graphitization. In: Thrower PA (ed) Chemistry and Physics of Carbon 22. Marcel Dekker New York, pp 1-143
24. Rouzaud JN Oberlin A (1989) Structure, microtexture, and optical properties of anthracene and saccharose-based carbons. Carbon 27: 517-529
25. Rumble D (2014) Hydrothermal graphitic carbon. Elements 10: 427-433
26. Smith PP Buseck PR (1981) Graphitic carbon in the Allende meteorite: a microstructural study. Science 212: 322-324
27. Thomsen C Reich S (2000) Double resonant Raman scattering in graphite. Physical Review Letters 85: 5214-5217
28. Tuinstra F Koenig JL (1970) Raman spectrum of graphite. Journal of Chemical Physics 53: 1126-1130
29. Vandenbroucke M Largeau C (2007) Kerogen origin, evolution and structure. Organic Geochemistry 38: 719-833
30. Wada H Tomita T Matsuura K Iuchi K Ito M Morikiyo T (1994) Graphitization of carbonaceous matter during metamorphism with references to ca rbonate and pelitic rocks of contact and regional metamorphisms Japan. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 118: 217-228
31. Wopenka B Pasteris JD (1993) Structural characterization of kerogens to granulite-facies graphite: Applicability of Raman microprobe spectroscopy. American Mineralogist 78: 533-557