Delamination of organically modified montmorillonite for reducing the filler networking with carbon black in poly(1,4-cis-isoprene) based nanocomposites

Applied Clay Science

Volumn 104, Issue , 2015, Pages 8-17

  Galimberti, Maurizio ^a   Coombs, Michele ^a   Pandini, Stefano ^b   Riccò, Theonis ^b   Cipolletti, Valeria ^a   Conzatti, Lucia ^c   Guerra, Gaetano ^d  

^a POLITECNICO DI MILANO   (Italy)

^b UNIVERSITY OF BRESCIA   (Italy)

^c CNR   (Italy)

^d UNIVERSITY OF SALERNO   (Italy)

Author keywords

Carbon black; Clay polymer nanocomposites; Delamination; Dynamic mechanical properties; Hybrid filler network; Organoclay

Indexed keywords

BALL MILLING; BLENDING; CARBON BLACK; CLAY MINERALS; DELAMINATION; DYNAMICS; ELASTIC MODULI; FILLED POLYMERS; FILLERS; HIGH RESOLUTION TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY; ORGANOCLAY; X RAY DIFFRACTION ANALYSIS;

AMMONIUM CATIONS; DYNAMIC MECHANICAL PROPERTY; HYBRID FILLERS; MECHANICAL BEHAVIOR; ORGANICALLY MODIFIED MONTMORILLONITE; PARTIAL SUBSTITUTION; POLYMER NANOCOMPOSITE; STRAIN AMPLITUDE;

NANOCOMPOSITES;

BLACK CARBON; DYNAMIC PROPERTY; MECHANICAL PROPERTY; MONTMORILLONITE; ORGANOCLAY; POLYMER;

EID: 84918796130     PISSN: 01691317     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.clay.2014.11.017     Document Type: Article

References (71)

1. Alexandre M., Dubois P. Polymer-layered silicate nanocomposites: preparation, properties and uses of a new class of materials. Mater. Sci. Eng. 2000, 28:1-63.
2. Avalos F., Ortiz J.C., Zitzumbo R., López-Manchado M.A., Verdejo R., Arroyo M. Effect of montmorillonite intercalant structure on the cure parameters of natural rubber. Eur. Polym. J. 2008, 44:3108-3115.
3. Bergaya F.A. Layered clay minerals: basic research and innovative composite applications. Microporous Mesoporous Mater. 2008, 107:141-148.
4. Bergaya F., Lagaly G. Intercalation processes of layered minerals. European Mineralogical Union Notes in Mineralogy 2011, vol. 11:259-284. Mineralogical Society, London, (Chapter 7). M.F. Brigatti, A. Mottana (Eds.).
5. Bergaya F., Jaber M., Lambert J.F. Clays and clay minerals. Rubber Clay Nanocomposites: Science, Technology and Applications 2011, 3-44. Wiley, Chichester, (Chapter 1). M. Galimberti (Ed.).
6. Bergaya F., Jaber M., Lambert J.F. Clays and clay minerals as layered nanofillers for (bio)polymers. Environmental Silicate Nano-biocomposites 2012, 41-75. Green Energy and Technology. Springer-Verlag, London, (Chapter 3). L. Averous, E. Pollet (Eds.).
7. Bhattacharya M., Bhowmick A.K. Synergy in carbon black-filled natural rubber nanocomposites. Part I: mechanical, dynamic mechanical properties, and morphology. J. Mater. Sci. 2010, 45:6126-6138.
8. Bohm G.A., Tomaszewski W., Cole W., Hogan T. Furthering the understanding of the non linear response of filler reinforced elastomers. Polymer 2010, 51:2057-2068.
9. Brochard-Wyart F., De Gennes P.-G. Viscosity at small scales in polymer melts. Eur. Phys. J. E 2000, 1:93-97.
10. Carretero-Gonzalez J., Retsos H., Verdejo R., Toki S., Hsiao B.S., Giannelis E.P., López-Manchado M.A. Effect of nanoclay on natural rubber microstructure. Macromolecules 2008, 41:6763-6772.
11. Cataldo F. Preparation and properties of nanostructured rubber composites with montmorillonite. Macromol. Symp. 2007, 247:67-77.
12. Chattopadhyay P.K., Das N.C., Chattopadhyay S. Influence of interfacial roughness and the hybrid filler microstructures on the properties of ternary elastomeric composites. Compos. Part A 2011, 1049-1059.
13. Chazeau L., Brown J.D., Yanyo L.C., Sternstein S.S. Modulus recovery kinetics and other insights into the Payne effect for filled elastomers. Polym. Compos. 2000, 21:202-220.
14. Chazhengina S.Y., Kotelnikova E.N., Filippova I.V., Filatov S.K. Phase transitions of n-alkanes as rotator crystals. J. Mol. Struct. 2003, 647:243-257.
15. Chen B., Evans J.R.G., Greenwell H.C., Boulet P., Coveney P.V., Bowden A.A., Whiting A. A critical appraisal of polymer-clay nanocomposites. Chem. Soc. Rev. 2008, 37:568-594.
16. Christidis G.E., Makri P., Perdikatsis V. Influence of grinding colour properties of on the structure and talc, bentonite and calcite white fillers. Clay Minerals 2004, 39:163-175.
17. Cipolletti V., Galimberti M., Mauro M., Guerra G. Organoclays with hexagonal rotator order for the paraffinic chains of the compensating cation. Implications on the structure of clay polymer nanocomposites. Appl. Clay Sci. 2013, 10.1016/j.clay.2013.11.001.
18. Coran A.Y. Vulcanization. The Science and Technology of Rubber 2005, 321-366. Elsevier Academic Press, Burlington (MA), (Chapter 7). Third ed. J.E. Mark, B. Erman, F.R. Eirich (Eds.).
19. Das A., Stoeckelhuber K.W., Rooj S., Wang D.Y., Heinrich G. Synergistic effects of expanded nanoclay and carbon black on natural rubber compounds. Kautsch. Gummi Kunst. 2010, 63:296-302.
20. Dellisanti F., Valdre G. Study of structural properties of ion treated and mechanically deformed commercial bentonite. Appl. Clay Sci. 2005, 28:233-244.
21. Donnet J.B., Custodero E. Reinforcement of elastomers by particulate fillers. The Science and Technology of Rubber 2005, 367-400. Elsevier Academic Press, Burlington (MA), (Chapter 8). Third ed. J.E. Mark, B. Erman, F.R. Eirich (Eds.).
22. Feller J.F., Bruzaud S., Grohens Y. Influence of clay nanofiller on electrical and rheological properties of conductive polymer composite. Mater. Lett. 2004, 58:739-745.
23. Flores F., Graebling D., Allal A., Guerret-Piecourt C. Modelization of flow electrification in a polymer melt. J. Phys. D. Appl. Phys. 2007, 40:2911-2919.
24. Fu D., Liu Y., Su Y., Liu G., Wang D. Crystallization behavior of binary even-even n-alkane mixtures in microcapsules: effect of composition and confined geometry on solid-solid phase separation. J. Phys. Chem. B 2011, 115:4632-4938.
25. Rubber Clay Nanocomposites-science, Technology and Applications 2011, Wiley and Sons, New York. M. Galimberti (Ed.).
26. Galimberti M., Lostritto A., Spatola A., Guerra G. Clay delamination in hydrocarbon rubbers. Chem. Mater. 2007, 19:2495-2499.
27. Galimberti M., Senatore S., Lostritto A., Giannini L., Conzatti L., Costa G., Guerra G. Reinforcement of diene elastomers by organically modified layered silicates. e-Polymers 2009, 057:1-16.
28. Galimberti M., Coombs M., Cipolletti V., Riccio P., Ricco T., Pandini S., Conzatti L. Enhancement of mechanical reinforcement due to hybrid filler networking promoted by an organoclay in hydrocarbon-based nanocomposites. Appl. Clay Sci. 2012, 65-66:57-66.
29. Galimberti M., Coombs M., Cipolletti V., Giannini L., Conzatti L. The origin of synergism between an organoclay and carbon black. Appl. Clay Sci. 2013, 83-84:449-456.
30. Galimberti M., Cipolletti V., Mauro M., Conzatti L. Nanocomposites of poly(1,4-cis-isoprene) with graphite oxide intercalation compounds. Macromol. Chem. Phys. 2013, 214:1931-1939.
31. Galimberti M., Cipolletti V., Coombs M. Application of clay polymer nanocomposites. Developments in Clay Science 2013, vol. 5:539-586. Elsevier, Amsterdam, (Chapter 4.4). 2nd Edition. F. Bergaya, G. Lagaly (Eds.).
32. Galimberti M., Coombs M., Cipolletti V., Riccò T., Agnelli S., Pandini S. The role of nanofillers in promoting hybrid filler networking and synergism with carbon black in a hydrocarbon rubber. Kautsch. Gummi Kunst. 2013, 66:31-36.
33. Gates W.P. Crystalline swelling of organo-modified clays in ethanol-water solutions. Appl. Clay Sci. 2004, 27:1-12.
34. Gauthier C., Reynaud E., Vassoille R., Ladouce-Stelandre L. Analysis of the non-linear viscoelastic behaviour of silica filled styrene butadiene rubber. Polymer 2004, 45:2761-2771.
35. Giannini, L., Fino, L., Galimberti, M., Citterio, A., 2005. International patent application WO 07/062671 to Pirelli Tyre.
36. Giannini L., Citterio A., Galimberti M. Chemistry of rubber/organoclay nanocomposites. Rubber Clay Nanocomposites - Science 2011, 127-146. Technology and Applications. Wiley and Sons, New York, (Chapter 5). M. Galimberti (Ed.).
37. Gopi J.A., Patel S.K., Chandra A.K., Tripathy D.K. SBR-clay-carbon black hybrid nanocomposites for tire tread application. J. Polym. Res. 2011, 18:1625-1634.
38. Heinrich G., Kluppel M. Recent advances in the theory of filler networking in elastomers. Adv. Polym. Sci. 2002, 160:1-44.
39. Hrachova J., Komadel P., Fajnor V.S. The effect of mechanical treatment on the structure of montmorillonite. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 2007, 61:3361-3365.
40. Itoh T., Ohta N., Shichi T., Yui T., Takagi K. The self-assembling properties of stearate ions in hydrotalcite clay composites. Langmuir 2003, 19:9120-9126.
41. Jancar J., Douglas J.F. Current issues in research on structure-property relationships in polymer nanocomposites. Polymer 2010, 51:3321-3343.
42. Kalfus J., Jancar J. Viscoelastic response of nanocomposite poly(vinyl acetate)-hydroxyapatite with varying particle shape - dynamic strain softening and modulus recovery. Polym. Compos. 2007, 28:743-747.
43. Konishi Y., Cakmak M. Structural hierarchy developed in injection molding of nylon 6/clay/carbon black nanocomposites. Polymer 2005, 46:4811-4826.
44. Kvandea I., Øyeb G., Hammera N., Rønninga M., Raaenc S., Holmena A., Sjöblomb J., Chen D. Deposition of Au colloids on plasmachemically modified carbon nanofibers. Carbon 2008, 46:759-765.
45. Lagaly G., Ogawa M., Dekany I. Clay mineral-organic interactions. Developments in Clay Science 2013, vol. 5. Elsevier, Amsterdam, (Chapter 10.3). 2nd Edition. F. Bergaya, G. Lagaly (Eds.).
46. LeBaron P.C., Wang Z., Pinnavaia T.J. Polymer-layered silicate nanocomposites: an overview. Appl. Clay Sci. 1999, 15:11-29.
47. Lin J.J., Chu C.C., Chiang M.L., Tsai W.C. First isolation of individual silicate platelets from clay exfoliation and their unique self-assembly into fibrous arrays. J. Phys. Chem. B 2006, 110:18115-18120.
48. Maiti M., Sadhu S., Bhowmick A.K. Effect of carbon black on properties of rubber nano-composites. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2005, 96:443-451.
49. Maiti M., Bhattacharya M., Bhowmick A.K. Elastomer nanocomposites. Rubber Chem. Technol. 2008, 81:384-469.
50. Malas A., Das C.K. Carbon black-clay hybrid nanocomposites based upon EPDM elastomer. J. Mater. Sci. 2012, 47:2016-2024.
51. Mauro M., Maggio M., Cipolletti V., Galimberti M., Longo P., Guerra G. Graphite oxide intercalation compounds with rotator hexagonal order in the intercalated layers. Carbon 2013, 61:395-403.
52. Montes H., Lequeux F., Berriot J. Influence of the glass transition temperature gradient on the nonlinear viscoelastic behavior in reinforced elastomers. Macromolecules 2003, 36:8107-8118.
53. Osman M.A., Ernst M., Meier B.H., Suter U.W. Structure and molecular dynamics of alkane monolayers self-assembled on mica platelets. J. Phys. Chem. B 2002, 106:653-662.
54. Paul D.R., Robeson L.M. Polymer nanotechnology: nanocomposites. Polymer 2008, 49:3187-3204.
55. Payne A.R. The dynamic properties of carbon black-loaded natural rubber vulcanizates. Part I J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 1962, 6:57-63.
56. Payne A.R., Whittaker R.E. Low strain dynamic properties of filled rubbers. Rubber Chem. Technol. 1971, 44:440-478.
57. Powder diffraction database 70-2151 International Centre for Diffraction Data 1999, PCPDF win. Version 2.02.
58. Praveen S., Chattopadhyay P.K., Albert P., Dalvi V.G., Chakraborty B.C., Chattopadhyay S. Synergistic effect of carbon black and nanoclay fillers in styrene butadiene rubber matrix: development of dual structure. Compos. Part A 2009, 40:309-316.
59. Ramadan A.R., Esawi A.M.K., Gawad A.A. Effect of ball milling on the structure of Na+-montmorillonite and organo-montmorillonite (Cloisite 30B). Appl. Clay Sci. 2010, 47A:196-202.
60. Ramorino G., Bignotti F., Conzatti L., Riccò T. Dynamic and viscoelastic behavior of natural rubber/layered silicate nanocomposites obtained by melt blending. Polym. Eng. Sci. 2007, 47:1650-1657.
61. Ramorino G., Bignotti F., Pandini S., Riccò T. Mechanical reinforcement in natural rubber/organoclay nanocomposites. Compos. Sci. Technol. 2009, 69:1206-1212.
62. Ray S.S., Okamoto M. Polymer/layered silicate nanocomposites: a review from preparation to processing. Progr. Polym. Sci. 2003, 28:1539-1641.
63. Sabah E., Mart U., Cinar M., Celik M.S. Zeta potentials of sepiolite suspensions in concentrated monovalent electrolytes. Sep. Sci. Technol. 2007, 42:2275-2288.
64. Sengupta R., Chakraborty S., Bandyopadhyay S., Dasgupta S., Mukhopadhyay R., Auddy K., Deuri A.S. A short review on rubber/clay nanocomposites with emphasis on mechanical properties. Polym. Eng. Sci. 2007, 47:1956-1974.
65. Sridhar V., Shanmugharaj A.M., Kim J.K., Tripathy D.K. Optimization of carbon black and nanoclay filler loading in chlorobutyl vulcanizates using response surface methodology. Polym. Compos. 2009, 30:691-701.
66. Sternstein S.S., Zhu A.-J. Reinforcement mechanism of nanofilled polymer melts as elucidated by nonlinear viscoelastic behavior. Macromolecules 2002, 35:7262-7273.
67. Sternstein S.S., Amanuel S., Shofner M.L. Reinforcement mechanism in nanofilled polymer melts and elastomers. Rubber Chem. Technol. 2010, 83:181-198.
68. Ungar G., Masic N. Order in the rotator phase of n-alkanes. J. Phys. Chem. 1985, 89:1036-1042.
69. Verdejo R., Hernandez M., Bitinis N., Kenny J.M., Lopez-Manchado M.A. Vulcanization characteristics and curing kinetic of rubber/organoclay nanocomposites. Rubber Clay Nanocomposites - Science 2011, 275-304. Technology and Applications. Wiley and Sons, New York, (Chapter 9). M. Galimberti (Ed.).
70. Xu R., Wu C., Xu H. Particle size and zeta potential of carbon black in liquid media. Carbon 2007, 45:2806-2809.
71. Zhu A.-J., Sternstein S.S. Nonlinear viscoelasticity of nanofilled polymers: interfaces, chain statistics and properties recovery kinetics. Compos. Sci. Technol. 2003, 63:1113-1126.