Dementia risk after traumatic brain injury vs nonbrain trauma: The role of age and severity

JAMA Neurology

Volumn 71, Issue 12, 2014, Pages 1490-1497

  Gardner, Raquel C ^a,b   Burke, James F ^c,d   Nettiksimmons, Jasmine ^a,b   Kaup, Allison ^b,e   Barnes, Deborah E ^a,b,e   Yaffe, Kristine ^a,b,e  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^b SAN FRANCISCO VETERANS AFFAIRS MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN MEDICAL SCHOOL   (United States)

^d VETERANS AFFAIRS MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

^e UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADULT; AGE; AGED; ALCOHOLISM; ARTICLE; CEREBROVASCULAR DISEASE; COHORT ANALYSIS; COMORBIDITY; CONTROLLED STUDY; CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE; DATA BASE; DELIRIUM; DEMENTIA; DIAGNOSTIC ERROR; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; DISEASE SEVERITY; FEMALE; FOLLOW UP; HUMAN; HYPERTENSION; ICD-9; INCOME; INJURY; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; NON TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY; PREDICTIVE VALUE; RETROSPECTIVE STUDY; RISK FACTOR; SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY; SEX DIFFERENCE; TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY; UNITED STATES; VERY ELDERLY; BRAIN INJURIES; COMPLICATION; FRACTURES, BONE; INJURY SCALE; RISK;

AGE FACTORS; AGED; AGED, 80 AND OVER; BRAIN INJURIES; CALIFORNIA; DEMENTIA; FEMALE; FOLLOW-UP STUDIES; FRACTURES, BONE; HUMANS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; RISK; TRAUMA SEVERITY INDICES;

EID: 84918569038     PISSN: 21686149     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2014.2668     Document Type: Article

References (44)

1. Dams-O'Connor K, Gibbons LE, Bowen JD, McCurry SM, Larson EB, Crane PK. Risk for late-life re-injury, dementia and death among individuals with traumatic brain injury: a population-based study. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2013;84(2):177-182.
2. Mehta KM, Ott A, Kalmijn S, et al. Head trauma and risk of dementia and Alzheimer's disease: the Rotterdam Study. Neurology. 1999;53(9):1959-1962.
3. Lindsay J, Laurin D, Verreault R, et al. Risk factors for Alzheimer's disease: a prospective analysis from the Canadian Study of Health and Aging. Am J Epidemiol. 2002;156(5):445-453.
4. Helmes E, Ostbye T, Steenhuis RE. Incremental contribution of reported previous head injury to the prediction of diagnosis and cognitive functioning in older adults. Brain Inj. 2011;25(4):338-347.
5. Godbolt AK, Cancelliere C, Hincapié CA, et al. Systematic review of the risk of dementia and chronic cognitive impairment after mild traumatic brain injury: results of the International Collaboration on Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Prognosis. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2014;95(3)(suppl):S245-S256.
6. Molgaard CA, Stanford EP, Morton DJ, Ryden LA, Schubert KR, Golbeck AL. Epidemiology of head trauma and neurocognitive impairment in a multi-ethnic population. Neuroepidemiology. 1990;9(5):233-242.
7. Mortimer JA, French LR, Hutton JT, Schuman LM. Head injury as a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease. Neurology. 1985;35(2):264-267.
8. Graves AB, White E, Koepsell TD, et al. The association between head trauma and Alzheimer's disease. Am J Epidemiol. 1990;131(3):491-501.
9. Salib E, Hillier V. Head injury and the risk of Alzheimer's disease: a case control study. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry. 1997;12(3):363-368.
10. Guo Z, Cupples LA, Kurz A, et al. Head injury and the risk of AD in the MIRAGE study. Neurology. 2000;54(6):1316-1323.
11. Rugbjerg K, Ritz B, Korbo L, Martinussen N, Olsen JH. Risk of Parkinson's disease after hospital contact for head injury: population based case-control study. BMJ. 2008;337:a2494. doi:10.1136/bmj.a2494.
12. Carroll LJ, Cassidy JD, Peloso PM, et al. Prognosis for mild traumatic brain injury: results of the WHO Collaborating Centre Task Force on Mild Traumatic Brain Injury. J Rehabil Med. 2004(43 suppl):84-105.
13. Lee YK, Hou SW, Lee CC, Hsu CY, Huang YS, Su YC. Increased risk of dementia in patients with mild traumatic brain injury: a nationwide cohort study. PLoS One. 2013;8(5):e62422.
14. Rapoport M, Wolf U, Herrmann N, et al. Traumatic brain injury, apolipoprotein E-epsilon4, and cognition in older adults: a two-year longitudinal study. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2008;20(1):68-73.
15. Faul M, Xu L, Wald MM, Coronado V, Dellinger AM. Traumatic brain injury in the United States: national estimates of prevalence and incidence, 2002-2006. Inj Prev. 2010;16:A268-A268.
16. Setnik L, Bazarian JJ. The characteristics of patients who do not seek medical treatment for traumatic brain injury. Brain Inj. 2007;21(1):1-9.
17. Green RE, Colella B, Christensen B, et al. Examining moderators of cognitive recovery trajectories after moderate to severe traumatic brain injury. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2008;89(12)(suppl):S16-S24.
18. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP). Overview of the state inpatient databases. 2013. http://www.hcup-us.ahrq.gov/sidoverview.jsp. Accessed July 10, 2014.
19. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP). Overview of the state emergency department databases. 2013. http://www.hcup-us.ahrq.gov/seddoverview.jsp. Accessed July 10, 2014.
20. Thurman DJSJ, Johnson D, Greenspan A. Guidelines for Surveillance of Central Nervous System Injury. Atlanta, GA: Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; 1995.
21. National Center for Injury Prevention. Report to Congress: Mild Traumatic Brain Injury in the United States: Steps to Prevent a Serious Public Health Problem. Atlanta, GA: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; 2003.
22. St Germaine-Smith C, Metcalfe A, Pringsheim T, et al. Recommendations for optimal ICD codes to study neurologic conditions: a systematic review. Neurology. 2012;79(10):1049-1055.
23. Byers AL, Covinsky KE, Barnes DE, Yaffe K. Dysthymia and depression increase risk of dementia and mortality among older veterans. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2012;20(8):664-672.
24. Davis DH, Muniz Terrera G, Keage H, et al. Delirium is a strong risk factor for dementia in the oldest-old: a population-based cohort study. Brain. 2012;135(pt 9):2809-2816.
25. HCUP description of data elements: median household income state quartile for patient ZIP code. http://www.hcup-us.ahrq.gov/db/vars/siddistnote.jsp?var=medincstq. Accessed July 10, 2014.
26. Yaffe K, Falvey C, Harris TB, et al Health ABC Study. Effect of socioeconomic disparities on incidence of dementia among biracial older adults: prospective study. BMJ. 2013;347:f7051. doi:10.1136/bmj.f7051.
27. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ). HCUP clinical classification software (CCS) for ICD-9-CM. http://www.hcup-us.ahrq.gov/toolssoftware/ccs/ccs.jsp. Accessed July 10, 2014.
28. LeMier M, Cummings P, West TA. Accuracy of external cause of injury codes reported in Washington State hospital discharge records. Inj Prev. 2001;7(4):334-338.
29. Osler T, Baker SP, Long W. A modification of the injury severity score that both improves accuracy and simplifies scoring. J Trauma. 1997;43(6):922-926.
30. Lavoie A, Moore L, LeSage N, Liberman M, Sampalis JS. The New Injury Severity Score: a more accurate predictor of in-hospital mortality than the Injury Severity Score. J Trauma. 2004;56(6): 1312-1320.
31. Stata Statistical Software: Release 13 [computer program]. College Station, TX: StataCorp LP; 2013.
32. Nordström P, Michaëlsson K, Gustafson Y, Nordström A. Traumatic brain injury and young onset dementia: a nationwide cohort study. Ann Neurol. 2014;75(3):374-381.
33. Katzman R, Aronson M, Fuld P, et al. Development of dementing illnesses in an 80-year-old volunteer cohort. Ann Neurol. 1989;25(4):317-324.
34. Burke JF, Stulc JL, Skolarus LE, Sears ED, Zahuranec DB, Morgenstern LB. Traumatic brain injury may be an independent risk factor for stroke. Neurology. 2013;81(1):33-39.
35. Gardner RC, Perry DC. Chronic traumatic encephalopathy. In: Miller B, Boeve B, eds. Behavioral Neurology of Dementia. 2nd ed. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press; 2014.
36. Gardner RC, Yaffe K. Traumatic brain injury may increase risk of young onset dementia. Ann Neurol. 2014;75(3):339-341.
37. Goldman SM, Kamel F, Ross GW, et al. Head injury, α-synuclein Rep1, and Parkinson's disease. Ann Neurol. 2012;71(1):40-48.
38. Lee PC, Bordelon Y, Bronstein J, Ritz B. Traumatic brain injury, paraquat exposure, and their relationship to Parkinson disease. Neurology. 2012;79(20):2061-2066.
39. Susman M, DiRusso SM, Sullivan T, et al. Traumatic brain injury in the elderly: increased mortality and worse functional outcome at discharge despite lower injury severity. J Trauma. 2002;53(2):219-223.
40. Cheng PL, Lin HY, Lee YK, Hsu CY, Lee CC, Su YC. Higher mortality rates among the elderly with mild traumatic brain injury: a nationwide cohort study. Scand J Trauma Resusc Emerg Med. 2014;22:7. doi:10.1186/1757-7241-22-7.
41. Fisher ES, Whaley FS, Krushat WM, et al. The accuracy of Medicare's hospital claims data: progress has been made, but problems remain. Am J Public Health. 1992;82(2):243-248.
42. Quan H, Parsons GA, Ghali WA. Validity of information on comorbidity derived from ICD-9-CCM administrative data. Med Care. 2002;40(8):675-685.
43. Quan H, Li B, Saunders LD, et al IMECCHI Investigators. Assessing validity of ICD-9-CM and ICD-10 administrative data in recording clinical conditions in a unique dually coded database. Health Serv Res. 2008;43(4):1424-1441.
44. Koyama A, O'Brien J, Weuve J, Blacker D, Metti AL, Yaffe K. The role of peripheral inflammatory markers in dementia and Alzheimer's disease: a meta-analysis. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2013;68(4):433-440.