Effect of socioeconomic disparities on incidence of dementia among biracial older adults: Prospective study

BMJ (Online)

Volumn 347, Issue , 2013, Pages

  Yaffe, Kristine ^a   Falvey, Cherie ^a   Harris, Tamara B ^b   Newman, Anne ^c   Satterfield, Suzanne ^d   Koster, Annemarie ^e   Ayonayon, Hilsa ^f   Simonsick, Eleanor ^g  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^b NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON AGING   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH   (United States)

^d UNIVERSITY OF TENNESSEE HEALTH SCIENCE CENTER   (United States)

^e MAASTRICHT UNIVERSITY   (Netherlands)

^f Maastricht University ^*  (United States)

^g HARBOR HOSPITAL   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

APOLIPOPROTEIN E4;

AGED; ARTICLE; CAUCASIAN; COHORT ANALYSIS; COMORBIDITY; CONTROLLED STUDY; DEMENTIA; DEMOGRAPHY; FEMALE; HEALTH DISPARITY; HUMAN; INCIDENCE; LIFESTYLE; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; NEGRO; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROPORTIONAL HAZARDS MODEL; PROSPECTIVE STUDY; RACE DIFFERENCE; SOCIAL DISCRIMINATION; SOCIAL STATUS;

EID: 84890920175     PISSN: None     EISSN: 17561833     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1136/bmj.f7051     Document Type: Article

References (47)

1. Lee HB, Richardson AK, Black BS, Shore AD, Kasper JD, Rabins PV. Race and cognitive decline among community-dwelling elders with mild cognitive impairment: findings from the Memory and Medical Care Study. Aging Ment Health 2012;16:372-7.
2. Alzheimer's Association. 2012 Alzheimer's disease facts and figures. Alzheimers Dement 2012;8:131-68.
3. Sachs-Ericsson N, Blazer DG. Racial differences in cognitive decline in a sample of community-dwelling older adults: the mediating role of education and literacy. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 2005;13:968-75.
4. Adelman S, Blanchard M, Rait G, Leavey G, Livingston G. Prevalence of dementia in African-Caribbean compared with UK-born white older people: two-stage cross- ectional study. Br J Psychiatry 2011;199:119-25.
5. Adelman S, Blanchard M, Livingston G. A systematic review of the prevalence and covariates of dementia or relative cognitive impairment in the older African-Caribbean population in Britain. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2009;24:657-65.
6. Logue MW, Schu M, Vardarajan BN, Buros J, Green RC, Go RC, et al. A comprehensive genetic association study of Alzheimer disease in African Americans. Arch Neurol 2011;68:1569-79.
7. Sawyer K, Sachs-Ericsson N, Preacher KJ, Blazer DG. Racial differences in the influence of the APOE epsilon 4 allele on cognitive decline in a sample of community-dwelling older adults. Gerontology 2009;55:32-40.
8. Green RC, Cupples LA, Go R, Benke KS, Edeki T, Griffith PA, et al. Risk of dementia among white and African American relatives of patients with Alzheimer disease. JAMA 2002;287:329-36.
9. Chin AL, Negash S, Hamilton R. Diversity and disparity in dementia: the impact of ethnoracial differences in Alzheimer disease. Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord 2011;25:187-95.
10. Fitzpatrick AL, Kuller LH, Ives DG, Lopez OL, Jagust W, Breitner JCS, et al. Incidence and prevalence of dementia in the Cardiovascular Health Study. J Am Geriatr Soc 2004;52:195-204.
11. Shadlen M, Siscovick D, Fitzpatrick A, Dulberg C, Kuller L, Jackson S. Education, cognitive test scores, and black-white differences in dementia risk. J Am Geriatr Soc 2006;54:898-905.
12. Plassman BL, Langa KM, Fisher GG, Heeringa SG, Weir DR, Ofstedal MB, et al. Prevalence of dementia in the United States: the Aging, Demographics, and Memory Study. Neuroepidemiology 2007;29:125-32.
13. Lee S, Kawachi I, Berkman LF, Grodstein F. Education, other socioeconomic indicators, and cognitive function. Am J Epidemiol 2003;157:712-20.
14. Koster A, Penninx BW, Bosma H, Kempen GI, Newman AB, Rubin SM, et al. Socioeconomic differences in cognitive decline and the role of biomedical factors. Ann Epidemiol 2005;15:564-71.
15. Manly JJ, Jacobs DM, Touradji P, Small SA, Stern Y. Reading level attenuates differences in neuropyschological test performance between African American and white elders. J Int Neuropsychol Soc 2002;8:341-8.
16. Chin AL, Negash S, Xie S, Arnold SE, Hamilton R. Quality, and not just quantity, of education accounts for differences in psychometric performance between African Americans and white non-Hispanics with Alzheimer's disease. J Int Neuropsychol Soc 2012;18:277-85.
17. Mehta KM, Simonsick EM, Rooks R, Newman AB, Pope SK, Rubin SM, et al. Black and white differences in cognitive function test scores: what explains the difference? J Am Geriatr Soc 2004;52:2120-7.
18. Manly JJ, Touradji P, Tang MX, Stern Y. Literacy and memory decline among ethnically diverse elders. J Clin Exp Neuropsychol 2003;25:680-90.
19. Sudore RL, Yaffe K, Satterfield S, Harris TB, Mehta KM, Simonsick EM, et al. Limited literacy and mortality in the elderly: the health, aging, and body composition study. J Gen Intern Med 2006;21:806-12.
20. Haas SA, Krueger PM, Rohlfsen L. Race/ethnic and nativity disparities in later life physical performance: the role of health and socioeconomic status over the life course. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci 2012;67:238-48.
21. Thorpe RJ, Koster A, Kritchevsky SB, Newman AB, Harris T, Ayonayon HN, et al. Race, socioeconomic resources, and late-life mobility and decline: findings from the Health, Aging, and Body Composition Study. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2011;66:1114-23.
22. Thorpe RJ Jr, Koster A, Bosma H, Harris TB, Simonsick EM, van Eijk JT, et al. Racial differences in mortality in older adults: factors beyond socioeconomic status. Ann Behav Med 2012;43:29-38.
23. Barnes DE, Yaffe K. The projected effect of risk factor reduction on Alzheimer's disease prevalence. Lancet Neurol 2011;10:819-28.
24. Davis TC, Long SW, Jackson RH, Mayeaux EJ, George RB, Murphy PW, et al. Rapid estimate of adult literacy in medicine: a shortened screening instrument. Fam Med 1993;25:391-5.
25. Livak K. SNP genotyping by the 5'-nuclease reaction. Methods Mol Biol 2003;212:129-47.
26. Radloff L. The CES-D scale: a self-report depression scale for research in the general population. Appl Psychol Meas 1977;1:385-401.
27. Teng E, Chui H. The modified mini-mental state (3MS) examination. J Clin Psychiatry 1987;48:314-8.
28. Szklo M, Nieto J. Epidemiology: beyond the basics. Jones and Bartlett Learning, 2008.
29. Tang MX, Cross P, Andrews H, Jacobs DM, Small S, Bell K, et al. Incidence of AD in African-Americans, Caribbean Hispanics, and Caucasians in northern Manhattan. Neurology 2001;56:49-56
30. Manly JJ, Jacobs DM, Sano M, Bell K, Merchant CA, Small SA, et al. Cognitive test performance among nondemented elderly African Americans and whites. Neurology 1999;50:1238-45.
31. Whitfield KE, Fillenbaum GG, Pieper C, Albert MS, Berkman LF, Blazer DG, et al. The effect of race and health-related factors on naming and memory: the MacArthur Studies of Successful Aging. J Aging Health 2000;12:69-89.
32. Schiller JS, Lucas JW, Ward BW, Peregoy JA. Summary health statistics for U.S. adults: National Health Interview Survey, 2010. Vital Health Stat 10 2012;252:1-207.
33. Hemingway H, Nicholson A, Stafford M, Roberts R, Marmot M. The impact of socioeconomic status on health functioning as assessed by the SF-36 questionnaire: the Whitehall 2 Study. Am J Public Health 1997;87:1484-90.
34. Kington RS, Smith JP. Socioeconomic status and racial and ethnic differences in functional status associated with chronic diseases. Am J Public Health 1997;87:805-10.
35. Moody-Ayers SY, Mehta KM, Lindquist K, Sands L, Covinsky KE. Black-white disparities in functional decline in older persons: the role of cognitive function. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2005;60:933-9.
36. McEwen BS, Gianaros PJ. Stress- and allostasis-induced brain plasticity. Annu Rev Med 2011;62:431-45.
37. McEwen BS, Gianaros PJ. Central role of the brain in stress and adaptation: links to socioeconomic status, health, and disease. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2010;1186:190-222.
38. Beckie TM. A systematic review of allostatic load, health, and health disaprities. Biol Res Nurs 2012;14:311-46.
39. Meng X, D'Arcy C. Education and dementia in the context of the cognitive reserve hypothesis: a systematic review with meta-analyses and qualitative analyses. PLoS One 2012;7:e38268.
40. Honer WG, Barr AM, Sawada K, Thornton AE, Morris MC, Leurgans SE, et al. Cognitive reserve, presynaptic proteins and dementia in the elderly. Transl Psychiatry 2012:e114.
41. Jefferson AL, Gibbons LE, Rentz DM, Carvalho JO, Manly J, Bennett DA, et al. A life course model of cognitive activities, socioeconomic status, education, reading ability, and cognition. J Am Geriatr Soc 2011;59:1403-11.
42. Yaffe K, Weston A, Graff-Radford NR, Satterfield S, Simonsick EM, Younkin SG, et al. Association of plasma beta-amyloid level and cognitive reserve with subsequent cognitive decline. JAMA 2011;305:261-6.
43. Sudore R, Mehta K, Simonsick E, Harris T, Newman A, Satterfield S, et al. Limited literacy in older people and disparities in health and healthcare access. J Am Geriatr Soc 2006;54:770-6.
44. Artero S, Petersen R, Touchon J, Ritchie K. Revised criteria for mild cognitive impairment: validation within a longitudinal population study. Dement Geriatr Cogn Dis 2006;22:465-70.
45. Loewenstein DA, Acevedo A, Agron J, Duara R. Stability of neurocognitive impairment in different subtypes of mild cognitive impairment. Dement Geriatr Cogn Dis 2007;23:82-6.
46. Fors S, Lennartsson C, Lundberg O. Childhood living conditions, socioeconomic position in adulthood, and cognition in later life: exploring the associations. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci 2009;64:750-7.
47. Barnes LL, Wilson RS, Everson-Rose SA, Hayward MD, Evans DA, Mendes de Leon CF. et al. Effects of early-life adversity on cognitive decline in older African Americans and whites. Neurology 2012;79:2321-7.