Human papillomavirus vaccines: Key factors in planning cost-effective vaccination programs

Expert Review of Vaccines

Volumn 14, Issue 1, 2014, Pages 119-133

  Isidean, Sandra D ^a   Tota, Joseph E ^a   Gagnon, Julien A ^a   Franco, Eduardo L ^a  

^a MCGILL UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

Author keywords

cancer; Cervarix ; cervical cancer; cost effectiveness; Gardasil; genital warts; HPV; screening; vaccination

Indexed keywords

WART VIRUS VACCINE;

DRUG EFFICACY; HEALTH CARE POLICY; HISTORY; HUMAN; NONHUMAN; PAPILLOMAVIRUS INFECTION; PREVALENCE; PRIMARY PREVENTION; PROGRAM COST EFFECTIVENESS; PROPHYLAXIS; REVIEW; SCREENING; SECONDARY PREVENTION; UTERINE CERVIX CANCER; VACCINATION; WART VIRUS; COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS; ECONOMICS; IMMUNOLOGY; ORGANIZATION AND MANAGEMENT; PAPILLOMAVIRUS INFECTIONS; PREVENTIVE HEALTH SERVICE; UTILIZATION;

COST-BENEFIT ANALYSIS; HEALTH POLICY; HUMANS; IMMUNIZATION PROGRAMS; PAPILLOMAVIRUS INFECTIONS; PAPILLOMAVIRUS VACCINES; VACCINATION;

EID: 84917673520     PISSN: 14760584     EISSN: 17448395     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1586/14760584.2015.964213     Document Type: Review

References (132)

1. Walboomers JM, Jacobs MV, Manos MM, et al. Human papillomavirus is a necessary cause of invasive cervical cancer worldwide. J Pathol 1999;189(1):12-19
2. de Sanjose S, Quint WG, Alemany L, et al. Human papillomavirus genotype attribution in invasive cervical cancer: a retrospective cross-sectional worldwide study. Lancet Oncol 2010;11(11):1048-56
3. Harper DM, Franco EL, Wheeler CM, et al. Sustained efficacy up to 4.5 years of a bivalent L1 virus-like particle vaccine against human papillomavirus types 16 and 18: follow-up from a randomised control trial. Lancet 2006;367(9518):1247-55
4. Garland SM, Hernandez-Avila M, Wheeler CM, et al. Quadrivalent vaccine against human papillomavirus to prevent anogenital diseases. N Engl J Med 2007; 356(19):1928-43
5. Schiller JT, Castellsague X, Garland SM. A review of clinical trials of human papillomavirus prophylactic vaccines. Vaccine 2012;30(Suppl 5):F123-38
6. Koutsky LA, Harper DM. Chapter 13: Current findings from prophylactic HPV vaccine trials. Vaccine 2006;24(Suppl 3): 114-21
7. Schiffman M, Castle PE, Jeronimo J, et al. Human papillomavirus and cervical cancer. Lancet 2007;370(9590):890-907
8. Franco EL, de Sanjose S, Broker TR, et al. Human papillomavirus and cancer prevention: gaps in knowledge and prospects for research, policy, and advocacy. Vaccine 2012;30(Suppl 5):F175-82
9. Einstein MH, Baron M, Levin MJ, et al. Comparative immunogenicity and safety of human papillomavirus (HPV)-16/18 vaccine and HPV-6/11/16/18 vaccine: follow-up from months 12-24 in a Phase III randomized study of healthy women aged 18-45 years. Hum Vaccin 2011;7(12): 1343-58
10. Roteli-Martins CM, Naud P, De Borba P, et al. Sustained immunogenicity and efficacy of the HPV-16/18 AS04-adjuvanted vaccine: up to 8.4 years of follow-up. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2012;8(3):390-7
11. Villa LL, Costa RL, Petta CA, et al. High sustained efficacy of a prophylactic quadrivalent human papillomavirus types 6/11/16/18 L1 virus-like particle vaccine through 5 years of follow-up. Br J Cancer 2006;95(11):1459-66
12. Romanowski B. Long term protection against cervical infection with the human papillomavirus: review of currently available vaccines. Hum Vaccin 2011;7(2):161-9
13. Rowhani-Rahbar A, Mao C, Hughes JP, et al. Longer term efficacy of a prophylactic monovalent human papillomavirus type 16 vaccine. Vaccine 2009;27(41): 5612-19
14. David MP, Van Herck K, Hardt K, et al. Long-term persistence of anti-HPV-16 and -18 antibodies induced by vaccination with the AS04-adjuvanted cervical cancer vaccine: modeling of sustained antibody responses. Gynecol Oncol 2009;115(3 Suppl):S1-6
15. Fraser C, Tomassini JE, Xi L, et al. Modeling the long-term antibody response of a human papillomavirus (HPV) virus-like particle (VLP) type 16 prophylactic vaccine. Vaccine 2007;25(21):4324-33
16. Joura EA, Kjaer SK, Wheeler CM, et al. HPV antibody levels and clinical efficacy following administration of a prophylactic quadrivalent HPV vaccine. Vaccine 2008; 26(52):6844-51
17. Brown DR, Garland SM, Ferris DG, et al. The humoral response to Gardasil over four years as defined by total IgG and competitive Luminex immunoassay. Hum Vaccin 2011;7(2):230-8
18. Stanley M, Pinto LA, Trimble C. Human papillomavirus vaccines - immune responses. Vaccine 2012;30(Suppl 5):F83-7
19. Einstein MH, Baron M, Levin MJ, et al. Comparison of the immunogenicity and safety of Cervarix and Gardasil human papillomavirus (HPV) cervical cancer vaccines in healthy women aged 18-45 years. Hum Vaccin 2009;5(10): 705-19
20. Longet S, Schiller JT, Bobst M, et al. A murine genital-challenge model is a sensitive measure of protective antibodies against human papillomavirus infection. J Virol 2011;85(24):13253-9
21. Rana MM, Huhtala H, Apter D, et al. Understanding long-term protection of human papillomavirus vaccination against cervical carcinoma: cancer registry-based follow-up. Int J Cancer 2013;132(12): 2833-8
22. Cortes B, Schiffman M, Herrero R, et al. Establishment and operation of a biorepository for molecular epidemiologic studies in Costa Rica. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2010;19(4):916-22
23. Lehtinen M, Apter D, Dubin G, et al. Enrolment of 22,000 adolescent women to cancer registry follow-up for long-term human papillomavirus vaccine efficacy: guarding against guessing. Int J STD AIDS 2006;17(8):517-21
24. Lehtinen M, Idanpaan-Heikkila I, Lunnas T, et al. Population-based enrolment of adolescents in a long-term follow-up trial of human papillomavirus vaccine efficacy. Int J STD AIDS 2006;17(4):237-46
25. Safaeian M, Porras C, Pan Y, et al. Durable antibody responses following one dose of the bivalent human papillomavirus L1 virus-like particle vaccine in the Costa Rica Vaccine Trial. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2013;6(11):1242-50
26. Olsson SE, Villa LL, Costa RL, et al. Induction of immune memory following administration of a prophylactic quadrivalent human papillomavirus (HPV) types 6/11/16/18 L1 virus-like particle (VLP) vaccine. Vaccine 2007;25(26):4931-9
27. Poland GA, Jacobson RM, Koutsky LA, et al. Immunogenicity and reactogenicity of a novel vaccine for human papillomavirus 16: a 2-year randomized controlled clinical trial. Mayo Clin Proc 2005;80(5):601-10
28. Villa LL, Ault KA, Giuliano AR, et al. Immunologic responses following administration of a vaccine targeting human papillomavirus Types 6, 11, 16, and 18 Vaccine 2006;24(27-28):5571-83
29. Rowhani-Rahbar A, Alvarez FB, Bryan JT, et al. Evidence of immune memory 8.5 years following administration of a prophylactic human papillomavirus type 16 vaccine. J Clin Virol 2012;53(3): 239-43
30. Moscicki AB, Wheeler CM, Romanowski B, et al. Immune responses elicited by a fourth dose of the HPV-16/18 AS04-adjuvanted vaccine in previously vaccinated adult women. Vaccine 2012;31(1):234-41
31. Malagon T, Drolet M, Boily MC, et al. Cross-protective efficacy of two human papillomavirus vaccines: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Infect Dis 2012; 12(10):781-9
32. Lu B, Kumar A, Castellsague X, Giuliano AR. Efficacy and safety of prophylactic vaccines against cervical HPV infection and diseases among women: a systematic review & meta-analysis. BMC Infect Dis 2011;11:13
33. Einstein MH, Baron M, Levin MJ, et al. Comparison of the immunogenicity of the human papillomavirus (HPV)-16/18 vaccine and the HPV-6/11/16/18 vaccine for oncogenic non-vaccine types HPV-31 and HPV-45 in healthy women aged 18-45 years. Hum Vaccin 2011;7(12): 1359-73
34. Draper E, Bissett SL, Howell-Jones R, et al. A randomized, observer-blinded immunogenicity trial of Cervarix((R)) and Gardasil((R)) Human Papillomavirus vaccines in 12-15 year old girls. PLoS One 2013;8(5):e61825
35. Kemp TJ, Safaeian M, Hildesheim A, et al. Kinetic and HPV infection effects on cross-type neutralizing antibody and avidity responses induced by Cervarix((R)). Vaccine 2012;31(1):165-70
36. GlaxoSmithKline Vaccine HPVSG, Romanowski B, de Borba PC, et al. Sustained efficacy and immunogenicity of the human papillomavirus (HPV)-16/18 AS04-adjuvanted vaccine: analysis of a randomised placebo-controlled trial up to 6.4 years. Lancet 2009;374(9706):1975-85
37. Kreimer AR, Rodriguez AC, Hildesheim A, et al. Proof-of-principle evaluation of the efficacy of fewer than three doses of a bivalent HPV16/18 vaccine. J Natl Cancer Inst 2011;103(19):1444-51
38. Romanowski B, Schwarz TF, Ferguson LM, et al. Immunogenicity and safety of the HPV-16/18 AS04-adjuvanted vaccine administered as a 2-dose schedule compared with the licensed 3-dose schedule: results from a randomized study. Hum Vaccin 2011;7(12):1374-86
39. Romanowski B, Schwarz TF, Ferguson LM, et al. Immune response to the HPV-16/18 AS04-adjuvanted vaccine administered as a 2-dose or 3-dose schedule up to 4 years after vaccination: Results from a randomized study. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2014;10:5
40. Dobson SR, McNeil S, Dionne M, et al. Immunogenicity of 2 doses of HPV vaccine in younger adolescents vs 3 doses in young women: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA 2013;309(17):1793-802
41. Herweijer E, Leval A, Ploner A, et al. Association of varying number of doses of quadrivalent human papillomavirus vaccine with incidence of condyloma. JAMA 2014; 311(6):597-603
42. Bleeker MC, Heideman DA, Snijders PJ, et al. Penile cancer: epidemiology, pathogenesis and prevention. World J Urol 2009;27(2):141-50
43. Anic GM, Giuliano AR. Genital HPV infection and related lesions in men. Prev Med 2011;53(Suppl 1):S36-41
44. Giuliano AR, Lazcano-Ponce E, Villa LL, et al. The human papillomavirus infection in men study: human papillomavirus prevalence and type distribution among men residing in Brazil, Mexico, and the United States. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2008;17(8):2036-43
45. Giuliano AR, Palefsky JM, Goldstone S, et al. Efficacy of quadrivalent HPV vaccine against HPV Infection and disease in males. N Engl J Med 2011;364(5):401-11
46. Palefsky JM, Giuliano AR, Goldstone S, et al. HPV vaccine against anal HPV infection and anal intraepithelial neoplasia. N Engl J Med 2011;365(17):1576-85
47. Burchell AN, Winer RL, de Sanjose S, Franco EL. Chapter 6: Epidemiology and transmission dynamics of genital HPV infection. Vaccine 2006;24(Suppl 3):52-61
48. Georgousakis M, Jayasinghe S, Brotherton J, et al. Population-wide vaccination against human papillomavirus in adolescent boys: australia as a case study. Lancet Infect Dis 2012;12(8):627-34
49. Smith MA, Lew JB, Walker RJ, et al. The predicted impact of HPV vaccination on male infections and male HPV-related cancers in Australia. Vaccine 2011;29(48): 9112-22
50. Donovan B, Franklin N, Guy R, et al. Quadrivalent human papillomavirus vaccination and trends in genital warts in Australia: analysis of national sentinel surveillance data. Lancet Infect Dis 2011; 11(1):39-44
51. Fairley CK, Hocking JS, Gurrin LC, et al. Rapid decline in presentations of genital warts after the implementation of a national quadrivalent human papillomavirus vaccination programme for young women. Sex Transm Infect 2009;85(7):499-502
52. Chesson HW, Ekwueme DU, Saraiya M, et al. The cost-effectiveness of male HPV vaccination in the United States. Vaccine 2011;29(46):8443-50
53. Markowitz LE, Hariri S, Lin C, et al. Reduction in human papillomavirus (HPV) prevalence among young women following HPV vaccine introduction in the United States, National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys, 2003-2010. J Infect Dis 2013;208(3):385-93
54. Kavanagh K, Pollock KG, Potts A, et al. Introduction and sustained high coverage of the HPV bivalent vaccine leads to a reduction in prevalence of HPV 16/18 and closely related HPV types. Br J Cancer 2014;110(11):2804-11
55. Brotherton JM, Fridman M, May CL, et al. Early effect of the HPV vaccination programme on cervical abnormalities in Victoria, Australia: an ecological study. Lancet 2011;377(9783):2085-92
56. Niccolai LM, Julian PJ, Meek JI, et al. Declining rates of high-grade cervical lesions in young women in connecticut, 2008-2011. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2013;22(8):1446-50
57. Tota J, Mahmud SM, Ferenczy A, et al. Promising strategies for cervical cancer screening in the post-human papillomavirus vaccination era. Sex Health 2010;7(3): 376-82
58. Tota JE, Ramana-Kumar AV, El-Khatib Z, Franco EL. The road ahead for cervical cancer prevention and control. Curr Oncol 2014;21(2):e255-e64
59. Franco EL, Cuzick J, Hildesheim A, de Sanjose S. Chapter 20: Issues in planning cervical cancer screening in the era of HPV vaccination. Vaccine 2006;24(Suppl 3): 171-7
60. Franco EL, Mahmud SM, Tota J, et al. The expected impact of HPV vaccination on the accuracy of cervical cancer screening: the need for a paradigm change. Arch Med Res 2009;40(6):478-85
61. Arbyn M, Ronco G, Anttila A, et al. Evidence regarding human papillomavirus testing in secondary prevention of cervical cancer. Vaccine 2012;30(Suppl 5):F88-99
62. Richardson L, Tota J, Franco E. Optimizing technology for cervical cancer screening. Expert Rev Obstetr Gynecol 2011;In press
63. Katki HA, Kinney WK, Fetterman B, et al. Cervical cancer risk for women undergoing concurrent testing for human papillomavirus and cervical cytology: a population-based study in routine clinical practice. Lancet Oncol 2011;12(7):663-72
64. Gravitt PE, Peyton CL, Alessi TQ, et al. Improved amplification of genital human papillomaviruses. J Clin Microbiol 2000; 38(1):357-61
65. Chan PK, Cheung TH, Tam AO, et al. Biases in human papillomavirus genotype prevalence assessment associated with commonly used consensus primers. Int J Cancer 2006;118(1):243-5
66. Mori S, Nakao S, Kukimoto I, et al. Biased amplification of human papillomavirus DNA in specimens containing multiple human papillomavirus types by PCR with consensus primers. Cancer Sci 2011;102(6): 1223-7
67. Eklund C, Forslund O, Wallin KL, et al. The 2010 global proficiency study of human papillomavirus genotyping in vaccinology. J Clin Microbiol 2012;50(7): 2289-98
68. Bernard HU. Coevolution of papillomaviruses with human populations. Trends Microbiol 1994;2(4):140-3
69. Tota JE, Ramanakumar AV, Jiang M, et al. Epidemiologic approaches to evaluating the potential for human papillomavirus type replacement postvaccination. Am J Epidemiol 2013;178(4):625-34
70. Schiffman M, Clifford G, Buonaguro FM. Classification of weakly carcinogenic human papillomavirus types: addressing the limits of epidemiology at the borderline. Infect Agent Cancer 2009;4:8
71. Kreimer AR, Clifford GM, Boyle P, Franceschi S. Human papillomavirus types in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas worldwide: a systematic review. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2005;14(2): 467-75
72. Nasman A, Attner P, Hammarstedt L, et al. Incidence of human papillomavirus (HPV) positive tonsillar carcinoma in Stockholm, Sweden: an epidemic of viral-induced carcinoma? Int J Cancer 2009;125(2):362-6
73. D'Souza G, Fakhry C, Sugar EA, et al. Six-month natural history of oral versus cervical human papillomavirus infection. Int J Cancer 2007;121(1):143-50
74. Pierce JP, Messer K, White MM, et al. Prevalence of heavy smoking in California and the United States, 1965-2007. JAMA 2011;305(11):1106-12
75. Herrero R, Castellsague X, Pawlita M, et al. Human papillomavirus and oral cancer: the International Agency for Research on Cancer multicenter study. J Natl Cancer Inst 2003;95(23):1772-83
76. D'Souza G, Dempsey A. The role of HPV in head and neck cancer and review of the HPV vaccine. Prevent Med 2011; 53(Suppl 1):S5-S11
77. D'Souza G, Agrawal Y, Halpern J, et al. Oral sexual behaviors associated with prevalent oral human papillomavirus infection. J Infect Dis 2009;199(9):1263-9
78. Smith EM, Swarnavel S, Ritchie JM, et al. Prevalence of human papillomavirus in the oral cavity/oropharynx in a large population of children and adolescents. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2007;26(9):836-40
79. Osazuwa-Peters N. Human papillomavirus (HPV), HPV-associated oropharyngeal cancer, and HPV vaccine in the United States - do we need a broader vaccine policy? Vaccine 2013;31(47):5500-5
80. Chaturvedi AK, Engels EA, Pfeiffer RM, et al. Human papillomavirus and rising oropharyngeal cancer incidence in the United States. J Clin Oncol 2011;29(32): 4294-301
81. Palefsky JM. Human papillomavirus-related disease in men: not just a women's issue. J Adolesc Health 2010;46(4 Suppl):S12-19
82. Herrero R, Quint W, Hildesheim A, et al. Reduced prevalence of oral human papillomavirus (HPV) 4 years after bivalent HPV vaccination in a randomized clinical trial in Costa Rica. PLoS One 2013;8(7): e68329
83. De Vuyst H, Clifford GM, Nascimento MC, et al. Prevalence and type distribution of human papillomavirus in carcinoma and intraepithelial neoplasia of the vulva, vagina and anus: a meta-analysis. Int J Cancer 2009;124(7):1626-36
84. Hoots BE, Palefsky JM, Pimenta JM, Smith JS. Human papillomavirus type distribution in anal cancer and anal intraepithelial lesions. Int J Cancer 2009; 124(10):2375-83
85. Barroso LF II. The role of Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) vaccination in the prevention of anal cancer in individuals with Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 (HIV-1) infection. Ther Adv Vaccines 2013;1(2):81-92
86. Machalek DA, Poynten M, Jin F, et al. Anal human papillomavirus infection and associated neoplastic lesions in men who have sex with men: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Oncol 2012;13(5): 487-500
87. de Pokomandy A, Rouleau D, Ghattas G, et al. Prevalence, clearance, and incidence of anal human papillomavirus infection in HIV-infected men: the HIPVIRG cohort study. J Infect Dis 2009;199(7):965-73
88. Kim JJ. Targeted human papillomavirus vaccination of men who have sex with men in the USA: a cost-effectiveness modelling analysis. Lancet Infect Dis 2010;10(12): 845-52
89. Palefsky JM, Giuliano AR, Goldstone S, et al. HPV vaccine against anal HPV infection and anal intraepithelial neoplasia. N Engl J Med 2011;365(17):1576-85
90. Sahasrabuddhe VV, Castle PE, Follansbee S, et al. Human papillomavirus genotype attribution and estimation of preventable fraction of anal intraepithelial neoplasia cases among HIV-infected men who have sex with men. J Infect Dis 2013;207(3): 392-401
91. Pathela P, Hajat A, Schillinger J, et al. Discordance between sexual behavior and self-reported sexual identity: a population-based survey of New York City men. Ann Intern Med 2006;145(6): 416-25
92. Giuliano AR, Palefsky JM, Goldstone S, et al. Efficacy of Quadrivalent HPV Vaccine against HPV Infection and Disease in Males. N Engl J Med 2011;364(5):401-11
93. Kreimer AR, Gonzalez P, Katki HA, et al. Efficacy of a bivalent HPV 16/18 vaccine against anal HPV 16/18 infection among young women: a nested analysis within the Costa Rica Vaccine Trial. Lancet Oncol 2011;12(9):862-70
94. Marra F, Cloutier K, Oteng B, et al. Effectiveness and cost effectiveness of human papillomavirus vaccine: a systematic review. Pharmacoeconomics 2009;27(2): 127-47
95. Seto K, Marra F, Raymakers A, Marra CA. The cost effectiveness of human papillomavirus vaccines: a systematic review. Drugs 2012;72(5):715-43
96. Canfell K, Chesson H, Kulasingam SL, et al. Modeling preventative strategies against human papillomavirus-related disease in developed countries. Vaccine 2012; 30(Suppl 5):F157-67
97. Brisson M, Laprise JF, Drolet M, et al. Comparative cost-effectiveness of the quadrivalent and bivalent human papillomavirus vaccines: a transmission-dynamic modeling study. Vaccine 2013;31(37):3863-71
98. Demarteau N, Van Kriekinge G, Simon P. Incremental cost-effectiveness evaluation of vaccinating girls against cervical cancer preand post-sexual debut in Belgium. Vaccine 2013;31(37):3962-71
99. Luttjeboer J, Westra TA, Wilschut JC, et al. Cost-effectiveness of the prophylactic HPV vaccine: an application to the Netherlands taking non-cervical cancers and cross-protection into account. Vaccine 2013; 31(37):3922-7
100. Uuskula A, Muursepp A, Kawai K, et al. The epidemiological and economic impact of a quadrivalent human papillomavirus (hpv) vaccine in Estonia. BMC Infect Dis 2013;13:304
101. Vanagas G, Padaiga Z. Healthcare spending in the case of a HPV16/18 population-wide vaccination programme. Scand J Public Health 2012;40(5):406-11
102. Voko Z, Nagyjanosi L, Kalo Z. Cost-effectiveness of adding vaccination with the AS04-adjuvanted human papillomavirus 16/18 vaccine to cervical cancer screening in Hungary. BMC Public Health 2012;12:924
103. Westra TA, Stirbu-Wagner I, Dorsman S, et al. Inclusion of the benefits of enhanced cross-protection against cervical cancer and prevention of genital warts in the cost-effectiveness analysis of human papillomavirus vaccination in the Netherlands. BMC Infect Dis 2013;13:75
104. Koleva D, De Compadri P, Padula A, Garattini L. Economic evaluation of human papilloma virus vaccination in the European Union: a critical review. Intern Emerg Med 2011;6(2):163-74
105. Favato G, Baio G, Capone A, et al. A novel method to value real options in health care: the case of a multicohort human papillomavirus vaccination strategy. Clin Ther 2013;35(7):904-14
106. Soergel P, Makowski L, Schippert C, et al. The cost efficiency of HPV vaccines is significantly underestimated due to omission of conisation-associated prematurity with neonatal mortality and morbidity. Hum Vaccines Immunother 2012;8(2):243-51
107. Bresse X, Adam M, Largeron N, et al. A comparative analysis of the epidemiological impact and disease cost-savings of HPV vaccines in France. Hum Vaccines Immunother 2013;9(4): 823-33
108. Westra TA, Stirbu-Wagner I, Dorsman S, et al. Inclusion of the benefits of enhanced cross-protection against cervical cancer and prevention of genital warts in the cost-effectiveness analysis of human papillomavirus vaccination in the Netherlands. BMC Infect Dis 2013;13:5
109. Jit M, Chapman R, Hughes O, Choi YH. Comparing bivalent and quadrivalent human papillomavirus vaccines: economic evaluation based on transmission model. BMJ 2011;343:d5775
110. Drolet M, Laprise JF, Boily MC, et al. Potential cost-effectiveness of the nonavalent human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine. Int J Cancer 2014;134(9):2264-8
111. Westra TA, Rozenbaum MH, Rogoza RM, et al. Until which age should women be vaccinated against HPV infection? Recommendation based on cost-effectiveness analyses. J Infect Dis 2011;204(3):377-84
112. Smith JS, Melendy A, Rana RK, Pimenta JM. Age-specific prevalence of infection with human papillomavirus in females: a global review. J Adolesc Health 2008;43(4 Suppl):S5-25. S25 e1-41
113. Demarteau N, Detournay B, Tehard B, et al. A generally applicable cost-effectiveness model for the evaluation of vaccines against cervical cancer. Int J Public Health 2011;56(2):153-62
114. Elbasha EH, Dasbach EJ, Insinga RP, et al. Age-based programs for vaccination against HPV. Value Health 2009;12(5):697-707
115. Kulasingam S, Connelly L, Conway E, et al. A cost-effectiveness analysis of adding a human papillomavirus vaccine to the Australian National Cervical Cancer Screening Program. Sex Health 2007;4(3): 165-75
116. Bogaards JA, Coupe VM, Meijer CJ, Berkhof J. The clinical benefit and cost-effectiveness of human papillomavirus vaccination for adult women in the Netherlands. Vaccine 2011;29(48):8929-36
117. Jiang Y, Gauthier A, Postma MJ, et al. A critical review of cost-effectiveness analyses of vaccinating males against human papillomavirus. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2013;9(11):2285-95
118. Brisson M, van de Velde N, Franco EL, et al. Incremental impact of adding boys to current human papillomavirus vaccination programs: role of herd immunity. J Infect Dis 2011;204(3):372-6
119. D'Souza G, Dempsey A. The role of HPV in head and neck cancer and review of the HPV vaccine. Prev Med 2011;53(Suppl 1): S5-S11
120. Isidean SD, Coutlee F, Franco EL. cobas 4800 HPV Test, a real-time polymerase chain reaction assay for the detection of human papillomavirus in cervical specimens. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2014;14(1):5-16
121. Tota JE, Ramana-Kumar AV, El-Khatib Z, Franco EL. The road ahead for cervical cancer prevention and control. Curr Oncol 2014;21(2):e255-64
122. Bresse X, Adam M, Largeron N, et al. A comparative analysis of the epidemiological impact and disease cost-savings of HPV vaccines in France. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2013;9(4): 823-33
123. Brisson M, van de Velde N, Franco EL, et al. Incremental impact of adding boys to current human papillomavirus vaccination programs: role of herd immunity. J Infect Dis 2011;204(3):372-6
124. Harper DM, Franco EL, Wheeler C, et al. Efficacy of a bivalent L1 virus-like particle vaccine in prevention of infection with human papillomavirus types 16 and 18 in young women: a randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2004;364(9447):1757-65
125. Joura EA, Garland SM, Paavonen J, et al. Effect of the human papillomavirus (HPV) quadrivalent vaccine in a subgroup of women with cervical and vulvar disease: retrospective pooled analysis of trial data. BMJ 2012;344:e1401
126. Kang WD, Choi HS, Kim SM. Is vaccination with quadrivalent HPV vaccine after loop electrosurgical excision procedure effective in preventing recurrence in patients with high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN2-3)? Gynecol Oncol 2013; 130(2):264-8
127. Swedish KA, Factor SH, Goldstone SE. Prevention of recurrent high-grade anal neoplasia with quadrivalent human papillomavirus vaccination of men who have sex with men: a nonconcurrent cohort study. Clin Infect Dis 2012;54(7):891-8
128. Peres J. For cancers caused by HPV, two vaccines were just the beginning. J Natl Cancer Inst 2011;103(5):360-2
129. HPV vaccine works against nine viral types. Cancer Discov 2014;4(1):OF2
130. Castle PE, Sideri M, Jeronimo J, et al. Risk assessment to guide the prevention of cervical cancer. J Low Genit Tract Dis 2008;12(1):1-7
131. Katki HA, Schiffman M, Castle PE, et al. Benchmarking CIN 3+ risk as the basis for incorporating HPV and Pap cotesting into cervical screening and management guidelines. J Low Genit Tract Dis 2013; 17(5 Suppl 1):S28-35
132. Coupe VM, Bogaards JA, Meijer CJ, Berkhof J. Impact of vaccine protection against multiple HPV types on the cost-effectiveness of cervical screening. Vaccine 2012;30(10):1813-22