‘A Sentimental Attachment to the Neighbourhood’: African Christians and Land Claims in South Africa

Itinerario

Volumn 27, Issue 3-4, 2003, Pages 243-262

  James, Deborah ^a   Nkadimeng, Geoffrey ^a  

^a Centre for Science Development   (South Africa)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 84917498550     PISSN: 01651153     EISSN: 20412827     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1017/S0165115300020854     Document Type: Article

References (62)

1. J. Comaroff, The Madman and the Migrant: Work and Labour in the Historical Consciousness of a South African People’, American Ethnologist 14/2 (1987);
2. Of Revelation and Revolution: Christianity, Colonialism and Consciousness in South Africa 1 (Chicago 1991).
3. See D. James, ‘“Music of Origin”: Class, Social Category and the Performers and Audience of Kiba, a South African Migrant Genre’, Africa 67/3 (1997).
4. Colin Bundy, The Rise and Fall of the South African Peasantry (Cape Town 1979).
5. C. Murray, Black Mountain: Land, Class and Power in the Eastern Orange Free State 1880s-1980s (Johannesburg 1992);
6. P. La Hausse de la Louvière, Restless Identities: Signatures of Nationalism, Zulu Ethnicity and History in the Lives of Petros Lamula (c. 1881–1948) and Lymon Mating (1889-c. 1936) (Pietermaritzburg 2000) 24, 159–162.
7. S. Marks and S. Trapido, ‘The Politics of Race, Class and Nationalism’ in: The Politics of Race, Class and Nationalism in Twentieth Century South Africa (London 1987) 3.
8. P. Harries, ‘Exclusion, Classification and Internal Colonialism: The Emergence of Ethnicity amongst the Tsonga-speakers of South Africa’ in: L Vail ed., The Growth of Tribalism in Southern Africa (London 1989).
9. K. Poewe and U. van der Heyden, The Berlin Mission Society and its Theology: The Bapedi Mission Church and the Independent Bapedi Lutheran Church’, South African Historical Journal 40 (1999);
10. I. Hexham and K. Poewe, The Spread of Christianity among Whites and Blacks in Transorangia’ in: R. Elphick and R. Davenport eds, Christianity in South Africa (Cape Town 1987).
11. C. Desmond, The Discarded People (Harmondsworth 1971);
12. Surplus People Project, Forced Removals in South Africa 5 (Cape Town 1983).
13. Land Update (Johannesburg 1994) No. 34:10 and No. 35:15, 19–20.
14. Henry Bernstein, ‘South Africa's Agrarian Question: Extreme and Exceptional?’ in: The Agrarian Question in South Africa, special issue of The Journal of Peasant Studies 23 (2/ 3) (1996);
15. D. James, ‘“After Years in the Wilderness”: The Discourse of Land Claims in the New South Africa’, Journal of Peasant Studies 27/3 (2000);
16. Colin Murray, ‘Land Reform in the Eastern Free State: Policy Dilemmas and Political Conflicts’, Journal of Peasant Studies 23 (2/3) (1996).
17. Geoff Budlender (Director-General of Land Affairs in Mandela's Government), discussion with author, 16 January 2001;
18. Richard M. Levin, ‘Politics and Land Reform in the Northern Province: A Case Study of the Mojapelo Land Claim’ in: M. Lipton et al. eds, Land, Labour and Livelihoods in Rural South Africa (Durban 1996);
19. Richard M. Levin and Daniel Weiner eds, tlo More Tears…: Struggles for Land in Mpumalanga, South Africa (Trenton 1994).
20. David Lan, Guns and Rain (Berkeley 1985);
21. P. Shipton, ‘Land and Culture in Tropical Africa: Soils, Symbols and the Metaphysics of the Mundane’, Annual Revieu) of Anthropology 23 (1994).
22. Marlene Winberg and Paul Weinberg, Back to the Land (Johannesburg 1996) 39.
23. P. Delius, The Land Belongs to Us: The Pedi Polity, the Boers and the British in the Nineteenth-Century Transvaal (Johannesburg 1983) 158, 168.
24. What God Does, commemorative pamphlet of Berlin Mission Society (Botšhabelo 1965).
25. Rebone Mmasegobe Ramaube, 17 July 1997, Doornkop.
26. Andrea Schulze, personal communication.
27. Poewe and van der Heyden, ‘Berlin Mission society’ B.G.M. Sundkler, Bantu Prophets in South Africa (London 1961).
28. Letter from Sub Native Commissioner, Middelburg, to Secretary for Native Affairs, 15 May 1906.
29. Letter from Department of Native Affairs to Minister of Native Affairs, 7 Dec. 1915.
30. M. Mamdani, Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism (London 1996).
31. Godfrey Mathobela, 14 July 1997, Doornkop.
32. For a fuller account of the community's attitudes towards hereditary chiefship. see D. James, ‘Hill of Thorns: Custom, Knowledge and the Reclaiming of a Lost Land in the New South Africa’, Development and Change 31/3 (2000).
33. Rebone Mmasegobe Ramaube, 17 July 1997, Doornkop.
34. Development and Change.
35. Julia Mphela, 15th July 1997, Doornkop.
36. Rebone Mmasegobe Ramaube.
37. Rebone Mmasegobe Ramaube, 17 July 1997, Doornkop.
38. Elizabeth Maroga, 2 Dec. 1997, Soweto.
39. For more details on how these divisions played out in the process of reclaiming the farm, see James, ‘After Years in the Wildernes’ ‘Hill of Thorns.
40. Elizabeth Maroga, 2 Dec. 1997, Soweto.
41. S. Marks and R. Rathbone, ‘Introduction’ in: S. Marks and R. Rathbone eds, Industrialisation and Social Change in South Africa (London 1982); La Hausse, Restless Identities.
42. Eva Mankge, 16 July 1997, Doomkop.
43. Eva Moukangoe, 21 May 1997, Doomkop.
44. Eva Mankge, 20 May 1997.
45. E Genovese, Roll Jordan Roll: The World the Slaues Made (New York 1976).
46. S. Schama, The Embarrassment of Riches: An Interpretation of Dutch Culture in the Golden Age (London 1987) 93–125.
47. C. Murray, ‘The Father, the Son and the Holy Spirit: Resistance and Abuse in the Life of Solomon Lion (1908–1987)’, Journal of Religion in Africa 29 (1999).
48. C. Muller, Rituals of Fertility and the Sacrifice of Desire: Nazarite Women's Performance in South Africa (Chicago 1999) 64–65.
49. Schama, Embarrassment of Riches, 68.
50. T.D. Moodie, The Rise of Afrikanerdom: Power, Apartheid, and the Afrikaner Ciuil Religion (Berkeley 1975) 28, 248.
51. A. Du Toit, ‘No Chosen People: The Myth of the Calvinist Origins of Afrikaner Nationalism and Racial Ideology’, American Historical Review 88/4 (1983).
52. Delius, Land Belongs to us, 166–169.
53. Hexham and Poewe, ‘Spread of Christianity among Whites and Blacks’ A. Schultze, ‘Apartheid of Souls and Equality before God - The Missionaries of the Berlin Mission Society and their Handling of Ethnic and Denominational Identity in South Africa (1840–1940)’, Paper presented at the workshop on Apartheid of Soub: Dutch Colonialism and its Aftermath in Indonesia and South Africa, LSE (2000).
54. Makhwele Jacobeth Maabe, 14 July, Doomkop; a similar opinion was expressed by Eva Mankge, 16 July.
55. S. Berry, ‘Custom is King’ in: R.E. Downs and S.P. Reyna eds, Land and Society in Contemporary Africa (Hanover NH 1989).
56. Mamdani, Citizen and Subject-, Adam Ashforth, The Politics of Official Discourse in South Africa (Oxford 1990).
57. Delius, Land Belongs to CIs; Hexham and Poewe, ‘Spread of Christianity among Whites and Blacks’, 131–132;
58. Schulze, ‘Apartheid of Souls and Equality before God’.
59. Paul Landau, The Realm of the Wont Language, Gender and Christianity in a South African Kingdom (Oxford 1995).
60. J. Comaroff, Body of Power, Spirit of Resistance: The Culture and History of a South African People (Chicago 1985).
61. Moodie, The Rise of Afrikanerdom.
62. Levin, ‘Politics and Land Reform’ Levin and Weiner, No More Tears.