The theory and practice of strategic environmental assessment: Towards a more systematic approach

The Theory and Practice of Strategic Environmental Assessment: Towards a More Systematic Approach

Volumn , Issue , 2007, Pages 1-186

  Fischer, Thomas B ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF LIVERPOOL   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 84917427608     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.4324/9781849775922     Document Type: Book

References (231)

1. Akademie der Wissenschaften (2006) Handbuch Strategische Umweltprüfung, Akademie der Wissenschaften, Vienna, http://hw.oeaw.ac.at/sup_collectionPframes=yes, last accessed: 29/12/2006
2. Amt Ketzin (1996) Landschaftsplan Gemeinden Ketzin/Etzin/Falkenrehde/Tremmen/Zachow, Gemeinde Ketzin, Brandenburg
3. Annandale D, Lantzke R and Skinn M (2003) Making Good Waste Management Decisions, www.inem.org (go to 'knowledge' and then 'general knowledge base' and 'waste'), last accessed: 29/12/2006
4. Arbter K (2005) 'SEA of waste management plans - an Austrian Case Study', in Schmidt M, João E and Albrecht E (eds), Implementing Strategic Environmental Assessment, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, pp621-630
5. Arts J, Tomlinson P and Voogd H (2005) EIA and SEA Tiering: The Missing Link? Position Paper prepared for the meeting on SEA of the International Association for Impact Assessment (IAIA), Prague, September
6. Arts J and Morrison-Saunders A (eds) (2004) Follow-up in Environmental Assessment, Earthscan, London
7. Aschemann R (1999) Endbericht zum Pilotprojekt Strategische Umweltprüfung (SUP) des Flächenwidmungsplanes 3.0 (FWP) der Stadtgemeinde Weiz, Arbeitsgruppe Wissenschaftsladen Graz/Büro Arch. DI Hoffmann, Graz
8. Aschemann R (2004) 'Lessons learned from Austrian SEA', European Environment, vol 14, no 3, pp165-174
9. Au E and Hui S (2004) 'Learning by doing: EIA follow-up in Hong Kong', in Arts J and Morrison-Saunders A (eds) Follow-up in Environmental Assessment, Earthscan, London, pp197-223
10. Banister D (1994) Transportation Planning in the UK, USA and Europe, E&FN Spon, London
11. Barker A and Fischer T B (2003) 'English regionalism and sustainability: Towards the development of an integrated approach to SEA', European Planning Studies, vol 11, no 6, pp697-716
12. Barker A and Wood C (2001) 'Environmental assessment in the European Union: Perspectives, past, present and strategic', European Planning Studies, vol 9, pp243-254
13. Barrett J (2002) 'The application of the ecological footprint: A case of passenger transport in Merseyside', in Möhlenbrink W, Bargende M, Hangleiter U and Martin U (eds), Networks for Mobility, Proceedings International Symposium, 18-20 September, Stuttgart, Centre of Transportation Research, University of Stuttgart, pp507-517
14. Bartlett R V and Kurian P A (1999) 'The theory of environmental impact assessment', Policy and Politics, vol 27, no 4, pp415-433
15. Bell S and Morse S (2003) Measuring Sustainability, Earthscan, London
16. Bina O (2001) Strategic Environmental Assessment of Transport Corridors: Lessons Learned Comparing the Methods of Five Member States, European Commission, Directorate General for the Environment, Brussels, http://europa/eu/environment/eia
17. Bina O (2003) Re-conceptualising Strategic Environmental Assessment: Theoretical Overview and Case Study from Chile,unpublished PhD Thesis, Geography Department, University of Cambridge, Cambridge
18. BMV (Bundesministerium für Verkehr) (1992) Bundesverkehrswegeplan, BMV, Bonn
19. BMVBW (Bundesministerium für Verkehr, Bau-und Wohnungswesen) (2003) Bundesverkehrswegeplan 2003, BMVBW, Berlin
20. Bond A and Brooks D (1997) 'A strategic framework to determine the best practicable environmental option (BPEO) for proposed transport schemes', Journal of Environmental Management, vol 51, pp305-321
21. Bras-Klapwijk R (1999) Adjusting Life Cycle Assessment Methodology for Use in Public Policy Discourse, unpublished PhD thesis, Delft University, Delft
22. Bunge T (1998) 'SEA in land use planning: The Erlangen case study', in Kleinschmidt V and Wagner D (eds), SEA in Europe: Fourth European Workshop on EIA, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, pp86-89
23. Buschke M, Derwick B, Faust S, Finger A, Flatow D, Funke J, Hudy S, Köller J, Krsynowski A, Lermen A, Reinsch N, Stein M, Sommer S, Träger N, Unsöld D and Walter U (2002) 1st der Landschaftsplan zukunftsfähig als Plan-UVP? - Modell Gemeinde Nauen, Hauptstudienprojekt 2001/2002, Institut für Landschafts-und Umweltplanung, Technical University of Berlin, Berlin
24. Buselich K (2002) An Outline of Current Thinking on Sustainability Assessment, Government of Western Australia, Perth, wwww.sustainability.dpc.wa.gov.au/docs/BGPapers/KathrynBuselich.pdf, last accessed: 29/12/2006
25. Carter J G, Wood C M, Baker M (2003) 'The environmental appraisal of national park management plans in England and Wales', Journal of Environmental Planning and Management, vol 46, no 2, pp271-290
26. CEAA (Canadian Environmental Assessment Agency) (1999) Cumulative Effects Assessment Practitioners Guide, CEAA, Ottawa, www.ceaa-acee.gc.ca/013/0001/0004/index_e.htm, last accessed: 29/12/2006
27. Cherp A (2001) 'SEA in Newly Independent States', in Dusik J (ed.), Proceedings of the International Workshop on Public Participation and Health Aspects in Strategic Environmental Assessment, Regional Environmental Center for Central and Eastern Europe, Szentendre, Hungary
28. Cherp A (2004) The Promise of Strategic Environmental Management, Working Paper of the MiST-Programme, www.sea-mist.se, last accessed: 29/12/2006
29. Cowell R and Martin S (2003) 'The joy of joining up: Modes of integrating the local government modernisation agenda', Environment and Planning C, vol 21, pp159-179
30. CSIR (2000) Strategic Environmental Assessment in South Africa, guideline document, Department of Enviromental Affairs and Tourism, Pretoria
31. Culhane P J, Friesema H P and Beecher J A (1987) Forecasts and Environmental Decision Making, Westview Press, Boulder, CO
32. Czada R (1998) 'Neuere Entwicklungen der Politikfeldanalyse', POLIS vol 39, pp47-65
33. Dalal-Clayton B and Sadler B (2005) Strategic Environmental Assessment: A Sourcebook and Reference Guide to International Experience, Earthscan, London
34. Dalkmann H and Bongardt D (2004) 'Case study: The German Federal Transport Infrastructure Planning (FTIP)', in Caratti P, Dalkmann H and Jiliberto R (eds), Analysing Strategic Environmental Assessment, Edward Elgar, Cheltenham, pp123-153
35. Danish Ministry of Environment and Energy (1993) Guidance Procedures for Environmental Assessments of Bills and other Government Proposals, Ministry of Environment and Energy, Copenhagen
36. De Roo G (2000) 'Environmental conflicts in compact cities: Complexity, decision-making and policy approaches', Environment and Planning B, vol 27, pp151-162
37. De Roo G (2003) Dutch Environmental Planning: Too Good to be True, Ashgate,Aldershot
38. DEFRA (Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs) (2004) Guidance to Operating Authorities on the Application of SEA to Flood Management Plans and Programmes, www.defra.gov.uk/environ/fcd/policy/sea.htm, last accessed: 29/12/2006
39. DETR (Department of the Environment, Transport and the Regions) (1998) Strategic Environmental Appraisal, Report of the International Seminar on SEA, Lincoln, 27-29 May, DETR, London
40. Diamantini C and Geneletti D (2004) 'Reviewing the application of SEA to sectoral plans in Italy: The case of the mobility plan of an Alpine Region', European Environment Journal, vol 14, no 2, pp 123-133
41. DoE (Department of the Environment) (1991) Policy Appraisal and the Environment, HMSO, London
42. DoE (Department of the Environment) (1992) Planning Policy Guidance Note 12: Development Plans and Regional Guidance, The Stationary Office, London
43. DoE (1993) Environmental Appraisal of Development Plans: A Good Practice Guide, The Stationary Office, London
44. Dovers S (2002) 'Too deep a SEA? Strategic environmental assessment in the era of sustainability', in Marsden S and Dovers S (eds), Strategic Environmental Assessment in Australasia, The Federation Press, Annandale, NSW, pp24-46
45. DTI (Department of Trade and Industry) (2001) SEA of the former White Zone I: An Overview of SEA Process, Key Issues and Findings, www.offshore-sea.org.uk/sea/dev/html_file/library_ sea1.php, last accessed: 29/12/2006
46. DTI (2005) Strategic Environmental Assessment UK Public Consultation for Energy Licensing Webside, www.offshore-sea.org.uk, last accessed: 29/12/2006
47. Dusik J, Fischer T B and Sadler B, with Steiner A and Bonvoisin N (2003) Benefits of a Strategic Environmental Assessment, REC, UNDP, http://europeandcis.undp.org (go to publications), last accessed: 27/12/2006
48. EEB (European Environment Bureau) (2005) Biodiversity in Strategic Environmental Assessment, EEB, Brussels, www.eeb.org, last accessed: 29/12/2006
49. Elling B and Nielsen J (1997) Environmental Assessment of National Policies, European Commission, DG XI Environment, Brussels
50. Environmental Protection Department (2004) Strategic Environmental Assessment Manual, Government of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
51. EPA (Environmental Protection Authority) (2005) Environmental Guidance for Planning and Development - Part A: Environmental Protection and Land Use Planning in Western Australia, EPA, Perth
52. European Commission (1985) 'Council Directive of 27 June 1985 on the Assessment of the Effects of Certain Public and Private Projects on the Environment ', Official Journal of the European Communities, L 175, pp40-48
53. European Commission (1992) 'Council Directive 92/43/EEC of 21 May 1992 on the Conservation of Natural Habitats and of Wild Fauna and Flora', Official Journal of the European Community, L 2006, published 22/07/1992, as amended by 'Directive 97/62/EC of 27 October 2007', Official Journal of the European Community, L 305, p42
54. European Commission (1997) Case Studies on Strategic Environmental Assessment - Final Report, European Commission, DG XI Environment, Brussels
55. European Commission (1999) Manual on Strategic Environmental Assessment of Transport Infrastructure Plans, European Commission, DGVII Transport, Brussels
56. European Commission (2000) 'Directive 2000/60/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 October 2000', establishing a framework for Community action in the field of water policy, Official Journal of the European Community, L 327, published 22/12/2000, p.1
57. European Commission (2001a) IMPEL Project: Implementing Article 10 of the SEA Directive 2001/42/EC, Final Report, http://ec.europa.eu/environment/impel/sea_directive.htm, last accessed: 29/12/2006
58. European Commission (2001)b 'Directive 2001/42/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 June 2001', on the assessment of the effects of certain plans and programmes on the environment, Official Journal of the European Community, L 197, published 21/7/2001, pp 30-37
59. European Commission (2006) The SEA Manual: A Sourcebook on Strategic Environmental Assessment of Transport Infrastructure Plans and Programmes, DG Tren, Brussels, www.transport-sea.net/results.phtml, last accessed: 29/12/2006
60. Faludi A (1973) Planning Theory, Pergamon, Oxford
61. Faludi A (2000) 'The performance of spatial planning', Planning Practice and Research, vol 15, no 4, pp299-318
62. FEARO (Federal Environmental Assessment Review Office) (1993) The Environment Assessment Process for Policy and Programme Proposals, FEARO, Ottawa
63. FGSV (Forschungsgesellschaft für das Straben-und Verkehrswesen eV) (2004) Merkblatt zur strategischen Umweltprüfung in der Verkehrsplanung (M SUP), FGSV, Cologne
64. Fischer T B (1999a) 'Benefits from SEA application: A comparative review of North West England, Noord-Holland and EVR Brandenburg-Berlin', EIA Review, vol 19, pp143-173
65. Fischer T B (1999b) 'The consideration of sustainability aspects within transport infrastructure related policies, plans and programmes', Journal of Environmental Planning and Management, vol 42, no 2, pp189-219
66. Fischer T B (1999c) 'Comparative analysis of environmental and socio-economic impacts in SEA for transport related policies, plans and programs', EIA Review, vol 19, pp275-303
67. Fischer, T B (2000) 'rLifting the fog on SEA: Towards a categorisation and identification of some major SEA tasks', in Bjarnadóttir, H (ed.), Environmental Assessment in the Nordic Countries, Nordregio, Stockholm, pp39-46, www.nordregio.se/Files/r0304.pdf, last accessed: 29/12/2006
68. Fischer T B (2001) 'How to effectively evaluate the performance of an assessment', in Furman E and Hilden M (eds), Transport Planning: Does the Influence of Strategic Environmental Assessment/Integrated Assessment Reach Decision-making?, report by the Finnish Environment Agency, Helsinki, pp38-41, www.ymparisto.fi/download.asp?contenti=19915&lan=en, last accessed: 29/12/2006
69. Fischer T B (2002a) Strategic Environmental Assessment in Transport and Land Use Planning, Earthscan, London
70. Fischer T B (2002b) Mobilität, Verkehr und Umweltfolgen(-pr ü fung), Kurs Zukunftspiloten, Deutscher Natuschutzbund, Osnabrück, booklet of 72 pages, can be ordered at www.zukunftspiloten.de, last accessed: 29/12/2006
71. Fischer T B (2003a) 'Strategic environmental assessment in post-modern times', EIA Review, vol 23, no 2, pp155-170
72. Fischer T B (2003b) 'Die Folgenprüfung zum Entwicklungsplan Oldham: Ein positiv wahrgenommenes Verfahren auf dem Prüfstand', UVP Report, vol 17, no 1, pp29-33
73. Fischer T B (2003a) 'Environmental assessment of the EU Structural Funds Regional Development Plans and Operational Programmes: A case study of the German objective 1 areas', European Environment, vol 13, no 5, pp245-257
74. Fischer T B (2004a) 'Transport policy-SEA in Liverpool, Amsterdam and Berlin: 1997 and 2002', EIA Review, vol 24, pp319-336
75. Fischer, T B (2004b) 'SEA in the UK', in Schmidt M, João E and Albrecht E (eds), Implementing Strategic Environmental Assessment, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, pp83-98
76. Fischer T B (2005a) 'Having an impact? Context elements for effective SEA application in transport policy, plan and programme making', Journal of Environmental Assessment Policy and Management, vol 7, no 3, pp407-432
77. Fischer T B (2005b) SEA Training Materials for the Web-based MA in Spatial Planning,OPDM/University of the West of England, 2005, www.built-environment.uwe.ac.uk/spatialplanning/catalogue.asp, last accessed: 29/12/2006
78. Fischer T B (2005c) 'Germany', in Jones C, Baker M, Carter J, Jay S, Short M and Wood C (eds), Strategic Environmental Assessment and Land Use Planning, Earthscan, London, pp79-96
79. Fischer T B (2006a) 'SEA and transport planning: Towards a generic framework for evaluating practice and developing guidance', Impact Assessment and Project Appraisal, vol 24, no 3, pp183-197
80. Fischer T B (2006b) 'Opportunities and pitfalls of sustainability assessment in spatial planning: Reflections on the UK experience', in Korea Environment Institute (KEI) (ed), SEA and Future-Oriented Policy, Proceedings of the International Symposium on the 13th Anniversary of KEI, 26-27 January, Seoul, pp191-216
81. Fischer T B (2006a) 'SEA in spatial/land use planning in the 25 member states: A July 2006 update', UVP report, vol 20, no 3, pp127-131
82. Fischer T B and Gazzola P (2006a) 'SEA good practice elements and performance criteria: Equally valid in all countries? The case of Italy', EIA Review, vol 26, no 4, pp396-409
83. Fischer T B and Gazzola P (2006a) Conclusions of the Joint RTPI (Royal Town Planning Institute) - North West Region, and IAIA (International Association for Impact Assessment) -Ireland-UK Branch Conference on Sustainability Appraisal (SA) and Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) at the University of Liverpool on 31 October 2006, www.liv.ac.uk/civdes/research/Conclusions_of_the_joint_RTPI_(3).pdf, last accessed: 29/12/2006
84. Fischer T B and Seaton K (2002) 'Strategic environmental assessment: Effective planning instrument or lost concept?', Planning Practice and Research, vol 17, no 1, pp31-44
85. Fischer T B, Kopp C, Pung N and Lade M (1994) 'Umweltverträglichkeitsstudie vierstreifiger Ausbau der B 96 mit den Ortsumgehungen Glasow and Dahlewitz, km 224+000 bis km 229+230, GUT Gesellschaft für Umweltplanung mgH, Potsdam', in Fischer, T B (ed) (2002) Mobilität, Verkehr und Umweltfolgen(-prufung), Kurs Zukunftspiloten, Deutscher Natuschutzbund, Osnabrück, www.zukunftspiloten.de, last accessed: 29/12/2006
86. Freie und Hansestadt Hamburg - Baubehörde (1995) Verkehrsentwicklungsplanung Hamburg - Letlinien und Handlungskonzept für eine an Arbeit und Umwelt orientierte Verkehrpolitik in Hamburg, Entwurf, Bauehörde Hamburg
87. Furman E and Hilden M (eds) (2001) Transport Planning: Does the Influence of Strategic Environmental Assessment/Integrated Assessment Reach Decision-making?, report by the Finnish Environment Agency, Helsinki, pp38-40, www.ymparisto.fi/download.aspPcontentid=19915&lan=en, last accessed: 29/12/2006
88. Fürst F, Himmelbach U and Potz P (1999) 'Leitbilder der räumlichen Stadtentwicklung im 20. Jahrhundert -Wege zur Nachhaltigkeit?', Berichte aus dem Institut für Raumplanung 41, Fakultät Raumplanung, University of Dortmund, www.raumplanung.uni-dortmund.de/irpud/pub/ber_e.htm#ber41, last accessed: 29/12/2006
89. Gazzola P, Caramaschi M and Fischer TB (2004) 'Implementing the SEA Directive in Italy', European Environment, vol 14, no 2, pp 188-199
90. Gemeente Hilversum (1998) ToekomstvisieHilversum 2015,Hilversum
91. George C (2001)a 'Testing for sustainable development through assessment',Environmental Impact Assessment Review, vol 19, pp 175-200
92. George C (2001)b 'Sustainability appraisal for sustainable development: Integrating everything from jobs to climate change', Impact Assessment and Project Appraisal, vol 19, pp 95-106
93. German Presidency of the EC Council of Ministers (1999) Conclusion on the International Workshop on 'Best Practices for Integration of Environmental Protection Requirements into Other Policies, Draft,25-26 May, Bonn
94. Gibson R (2004) Specification of Sustainability-based Environmental Assessment Decision Criteria and Implications for Determining 'Significance' in Environmental Assessment, Research and Development Monograph Series, 2000, Canadian Environmental Assessment Agency Research and Development Program, www.ceaa-acee.gc.ca/015/0002/0009/index_e.htm, last accessed: 27/12/2006
95. Glasson J and Gosling J (2001) 'SEA and regional planning - overcoming the institutional constraints: Some lessons from the EU, European Environment, vol 11,no2,pp 89-102
96. Glasson J, Therivel R and Chadwick A (1999) Introduction to Environmental Impact Assessment: Principles and Procedures, Process,Practice and Prospects, 2nd edition, University College London Press, London
97. Gullon N (2004) 'Links between the Water Framework Directive and SEA', in Schmidt M, João E and Albrecht E (eds) (2005) Implementing Strategic Environmental Assessment, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, pp513-522
98. Hanssen M A (2003) 'The plans and programmes directive in Norway',in Hilding-Rydevik T (ed.),Environmental Assessment of Plans and Programmes: Nordic Experiences in Relation to the Implementation of the EU Directive 2001/42/EC, Nordregio, Stockholm, www.nordregio.se/Files/r0304.pdf, last accessed: 29/12/2006
99. Healey P (1997) Collaborative Planning, Shaping Places in Fragmented Societies, Macmillan, London
100. Heikinheimo A (2003) The Value Added in Mediation Processes Created by the Mediator and By the Process Itself, www.cedr.co.uk/library/articles/default.htm, last accessed: 29/12/2006
101. Hilden M (2005) 'SEA experience in Finland', in Sadler, B. (ed.) Strategic Environmental Assessment at the Policy Level, Ministry of the Environment, Czech Republic, pp 55-63
102. Hilden M and Jalonen P (2005) 'Implementing SEA in Finland: Further development of existing practice',in Schmidt M, João E and Albrecht E (eds), Implementing Strategic Environmental Assessment,Springer-Verlag,Berlin, pp 159-167
103. Hilden M, Furman E and Kaljonen M (2004) 'Views on planning and expectations of SEA: The case of transport planning', EIA Review, vol 24, no 5, pp 519-536
104. Hilding-Rydevik T (ed.) Environmental Assessment of Plans and Programmes: Nordic Experiences in Relation to the Implementation of the EU Directive 2001/42/EC, Nordregio, Stockholm, www.nordregio.se/Files/r0304.pdf, last accessed: 29/12/2006
105. Hironaka A and Schofer E (2002) 'Loose coupling in the environmental arena: The case of EIA', in Ventresca M and Hoffman A (eds) Organizations, Policy and the Natural Environment, Stanford University Press, Stanford, pp 214-234
106. HMSO (Her Majesty's Stationary Office) (1989) The Electricity Act 1989, HMSO, London
107. HM Treasury (2004) Barker Review of Housing Supply, Final Report: Recommendations, www.hm-treasury.gov.uk/consultations_and_legislation/barker/consult_barker_index.cfm, last accessed: 29/12/2006
108. Holling C S (ed.) (1978) Adaptive Environmental Assessment and Management, Wiley, New York
109. House of Lords Select Committeeon the European Communities (1981) Environmental Assessment of Projects,HMSO, London
110. IAIA (International Association for Impact Assessment) (2002) SEA Performance Criteria Special Publication Series No. 1,www.iaia.org, last accessed: 29/12/ 2006
111. IEMA (Institute of Environmental Management and Assessment) (2005) Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) Environmental Report (ER) Review Criteria, www.iema.net/download/membership/corporate/SEA-SA%20Review%20Criteria.pdf, last accessed: 27/12/2006
112. ISO (International Organization for Standardization) (1996) Environmental Management Systems: Specification with Guidance for Use, ISO, Geneva.
113. IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources), United Nations Environment Programme and World Wildlife Fund (1980) World Conservation Strategy: Living Resource Conservation for Sustainable Development, IUCN, Gland
114. Jacoby C (2000) Die Strategische Umweltprüfung (SUP) in der Raumplanung. Instrumente, Methoden und Rechtsgrundlagen fürdie Bewertung von Standortalternativen in der Stadt- und Regionalplanung, Erich Schmidt Verlag, Berlin
115. Jansson A H H (2000) 'Strategic environmental assessment for transport infour Nordic countries', in Bjarnadóttir H (ed),Environmental Assessment in theNordic Countries, Nordregio, Stockholm, pp 39-46,www.nordregio.se/r003.htm, last accessed: 29/12/2006
116. Jansson A M, Hammer M, Folke C and Constanza R (eds) (1994) Investing in Natural Capital - The Ecological Economics Approach to Sustainability, Island Press, Washington DC
117. Jones C, Baker M, Carter J, Jay S, Short M and Wood C (eds) (2005) Strategic Environmental Assessment and Land Use Planning, Earthscan, London
118. Jones S A and Mason T W (2002) 'Role of impact assessment for strategic environmental assessment at the firm level', Impact Assessment and Project Appraisal, vol 20, no 4, pp279-285
119. Jonsson D K and Johansson J (2006) 'Indirect effects to include in strategic environmental assessment of transport infrastructure investments', Transport Reviews, vol 26, no 2, pp151-166
120. Kaljonen M (2000) 'The role of SEA in planning and decision making: The case of the Helsinki Area Transport System Plan, 1998', in Bjarnadóttir H (ed.), Environmental Assessment in the Nordic Countries, Nordregio, Stockholm, pp107-116, www.nordregio.se/Files/r0304.pdf, last accessed: 29/12/2006
121. Kessler J J (2000) 'Strategic Environmental Analysis (SEAN): A framework to support analysis and planning of sustainable development', Impact Assessment and Project Appraisal, vol 18, no 4, pp295-307
122. Kidd S and Fischer T B (2007) 'Integrated appraisal in North West England', Environment and Planning C, vol 25, no 2, pp233-249
123. Kirkpatrick C and George C (2004) 'Trade and development: Assessing the impact of trade liberalisation on sustainable development', Journal of World Trade, vol 38, no 3, pp441-469
124. Klees R, Capcelea A and Barannik A (2002) Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Systems in Europe and Central Asia Countries, World Bank, Washington DC
125. Kleinschmidt V and Wagner, D. (1996) 'SEA of wind farms in the Soest district', in Thérivel R and Partidário M (eds), The Practice of Strategic Environmental Assessment, Earthscan, London
126. Knieps E and Welp A C (1991) 'UVS im Straenbau', UVP Report, vol 1, pp28-34
127. Kørnøv L and Thissen W A H (2000) 'Rationality in decision- and policy-making: Implications for strategic environmental assessment', Impact Assessment and Project Appraisal, vol 18, pp191-200
128. Land Brandenburg (1995) Landesstraβenbedarfsplan des Landes Brandenburg, Ministerium für Stadtentwicklung, Wohnen und Verkehr, Potsdam
129. Lee N (2006) 'Bridging the gap between theory and practice in integrated assessment', EIA Review, vol 26, no 1, pp57-78
130. Lee N, Bonde J and Simpson J (1999) Reviewing the Quality of Environmental Statements and Environmental Appraisals, Occasional Paper 55, School of Planning and Landscape, University of Manchester, Manchester
131. Lee N and Walsh F (1992) 'Strategic environmental assessment: an overview', Project Appraisal, vol 7, no 3, pp126-136
132. Levett-Therivel, Treweek Environmental Consultants and Land Use Consultants (2006) Appropriate Assessment of Plans, www.landuse.co.uk/Downloads/AppropriateAG.pdf, last accessed: 29/12/2006
133. Linderhof V, Lise W and Oosterhuis F (2003) Recommendations for Environmental Policy in a Liberalised Electricity Market, Summary Report of the 4th 'GRENELEM' Project Meeting, 29-30 September, Amsterdam, www.dii.uchile.cl/progea/proyectos/grenelem/fourth/SummaryAmsterdam.pdf, last accessed: 29/12/2006
134. March J G and Olsen J P (1989) Rediscovering Institutions: The Organizational Basis of Politics, Free Press, New York
135. Marsden S and Ashe J (2006) 'Strategic environmental assessment legislation in Australian states and territories', Australasian Journal of Environmental Management, vol 13, pp6-16
136. Marsden S and de Mulder J (2005) 'Strategic environmental assessment and sustainability in Europe: How bright is the future?', Review of European Community and International Environmental Law, vol 14, no 1, pp50-62
137. Marsden S and Dovers S (eds) (2002) Strategic Environmental Assessment in Australasia, The Federation Press, Annandale, NSW
138. Marshall R and Fischer T B (2006) 'Regional electricity transmission planning and tiered SEA in the UK: The case of ScottishPower', Journal of Environmental Planning and Management, vol 49, no 2, pp279-299
139. Marshall R and Baxter (2002) 'Strategic routeing and environmental impact assessment for overhead electrical transmission lines', Journal of Environmental Planning and Management, vol 45, no 5, pp747-764
140. McNamara C (2006) Strategic Planning (in nonprofit or for-profit organizations), www.mapnp.org/library/plan_dec/str_plan/str_plan.htm, last accessed: 29/12/2006
141. Merseyside Passenger Transport Authority (1993) MerlTS - Merseyside Integrated Transport Study, Merseyside Passenger Transport Authority Liverpool
142. Milner S J, Bailey C, Deans J, Pettigrew D (2003) Integrated Impact Assessment UK Mapping Project Report, Health Impact Assessment Research and Development Programme, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne
143. Minister für Stadtentwicklung, Wohnen und Verkehr des Landes Nordrhein-Westfalen (1990) Gesamtverkehrsplan Nordrhein-Westfalen, Minister für Stadtentwicklung, Wohnen und Verkehr des Landes Nordrhein-Westfalen Dusseldorf
144. Ministerium für Wohnungswesen, Städtebau und Verkehr (1995) Verkehrsuntersuchung Nordost - Kurzfassung, MWSV, Magdeburg
145. More T A, Averill J R and Stevens T H (1996) 'Values and economics in environmental management: A perspective and critique', Journal of Environmental Management, vol 48, pp404-406
146. Morrison-Saunders A and Fischer T B (2006) 'What is wrong with EIA and SEA anyway? A sceptic's perspective on sustainability assessment', Journal of Environmental Assessment Policy and Management, vol 8, no 1, pp19-39
147. MUNR (Ministerium für Umwelt, Naturschutz und Raumordnung) (1995) Landesentwicklungsplan Brandenburg -Zentralörtliche Gliederung, MUNR, Potsdam
148. MVW (Ministerie van Verkeer en Waterstaat) (1989) Second Transport Structure Plan (SVVII), part d: Government Decision, MVW, The Hague
149. MVW (1995) Beleidseffectmeting verkeer en vervoer, beleidseffectrapportage 1995, MVW, The Hague
150. Niekerk F and Voogd H (1996) Impact Assessment for Infrastructure Planning: Some Dutch Dilemmas, paper presented at the ACSP-AESOP Congress, July, Toronto
151. Nielsson M N and Dalkmann H (2001) 'Decision making and strategic environmental assessment', Journal of Environmental Assessment Policy and Management, vol 3, no 3, pp305-328
152. Nitz T and Brown L (2001) 'SEA must learn how policy-making works', Journal of Environmental Assessment Policy and Management, vol 3, pp329-342
153. Noble B F (2002) 'The Canadian experience with SEA and sustainability', Environmental Impact Assessment Review, vol 22, pp3-16
154. Noble B F and Storey K (2001) 'Towards a structured approach to strategic environmental assessment', Journal of Environmental Assessment Policy and Management, vol 3, no 4, pp483-508
155. Nooteboom S (1999) Environmental Assessments of Strategic Decisions and Project Decisions: Interactions and Benefits, DHV Environment and Infrastructure, The Netherlands
156. Nooteboom S and Teisman G (2003) 'Sustainable development: Impact assessment in the age of networking', Journal of Environmental Policy and Planning, vol 5, no 3, pp285-309
157. NWRA (North West Regional Assembly) (2003) Action for Sustainability, NWRA, Wigan
158. ODPM (Office of the Deputy Prime Minister) (2005a) Sustainability Appraisal of Regional Spatial Strategies and Local Development Documents, ODPM, London ODPM (2005b) Local Development Framework Monitoring: A Good Practice Guide, ODPM, London
159. OECD (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development) (1990) Environmental Policies for Cities in the 1990s, OECD, Paris
160. OECD (2006) Strategic Environmental Assessment Network, www.seatasktweam.net, last accessed: 29/12/2006
161. Oldham Metropolitan Borough Council (2001) UDP First Deposit Draft Sustainability Appraisal, Oldham Metropolitan Borough Council, Oldham
162. OPSI (Office of Public Sector Information) (2004) The Environmental Assessment of Plans and Programmes Regulations 2004, Statutory Instrument 2004 No. 1633, www.opsi.gov.uk/si/si2004/20041633.htm, last accessed: 29/12/2006
163. Ortolano L (1984) Environmental Planning and Decision Making, Wiley, New York
164. Partidário M R (1997) 'Case studies on strategic environmental assessment in land-use planning: A comparative review', in NATO-CCMS (ed.), Strategic Environmental Assessment in Land-Use Planning, Report No 218, Brussels, pp138-145
165. Partidário M R and Fischer T B (2004) 'SEA', in Arts J and Morrison-Saunders A (eds), Follow-up in Environmental Assessment, Earthscan, London, pp224-247
166. Perdicoúlis A, Hanusch M, Kasperidus, H D and Weiland U (forthcoming) 'The handling of causality in SEA guidance', Environmental Impact Assessment Review
167. Petts J (1999) 'EIA versus other decision tools', in Petts J (ed.), Handbook of EIA, vol 1, Blackwell Science, Oxford
168. Pope J, Annandale D and Morrison-Saunders, A (2004) 'Conceptualising sustainability assessment', Environmental Impact Assessment Review, vol 24, no 6, pp595-616
169. PowerSystems (2003) The Preliminary Establishment of Need, SP PowerSystems Ltd, ScottishPower
170. Pröbstl U, Jiricka A and Stoglehner G (2006) 'Die SUP-Umsetzung in der örtlichen Raumplanung in Osterreich', UVP Report, nos 1 and 2, pp52-55
171. Provincie Noord-Holland (1997) Ontwikkelingsvisie Noord-Holland 2030 -verkenningen, Provincie Noord-Holland, Haarlem
172. Rees W and Wackernagel M (1994) 'Ecological footprints and appropriated carrying capacity: Measuring the natural capital requirements of the human economy' in Jansson A M, Hammer M, Folke C and Constanza R (eds), Investing in Natural Capital: The Ecological Economics Approach to Sustainability, Island Press, Washington DC, pp362-390
173. Repubblica (19 April 2004) 'Sullo stretto di Messina - il ponte delle illusioni', www.repubblica.it/online/lf_dietro_il_listino/040419ponte/ponte/ponte.xhtml, last accessed: 29/12/2006
174. ROCOL (Road Charging Options for London Working Group) (2000) ROCOL Report, www.gos.gov.uk/gol/transport/161558/228862/228869/, last accessed: 29/12/2006
175. Roussow N and Wiseman K (2004) 'Learning from the implementation of environmental public policy instruments after the first ten years of democracy in South Africa', Impact Assessment and Project Appraisal, vol 22, no 2, pp131-140
176. Sabatier P A and Jenkins-Smith H C (1993) 'Evaluating the advocacy coalition framework', Journal of Public Policy, vol 14, no 2, pp175-203
177. Sadler B (1996) International Study of the Effectiveness of Environmental Assessment - Final Report: Environmental Assessment in a changing world: Evaluation Practice to Improve Performance, International Association for Impact Assessment (IAIA) and Canadian Environmental Assessment Agency (CEAA), Ottawa
178. Sadler, B. (ed.) (2005) Strategic Environmental Assessment at the Policy Level, Ministry of the Environment, Czech Republic, Prague
179. Sadler B and Verheem R (1996) Strategic Environmental Assessment - Status, Challenges and Future Directions, No. 53, Ministerie van Volkshuisvesting, Ruimtelijke Ordening en Milieubeheer (VROM), The Hague
180. Schijf B (2002) A New Model of EIA-based Decision Making: Implications for EIA Effectiveness, paper presented at the International Association for Impact Assessment Meeting, 19-21 June, The Hague, on CD-Rom from www.iaia.org
181. Schmidt M, Joao E and Albrecht E (eds) (2005) Implementing Strategic Environmental Assessment, Springer-Verlag, Berlin
182. Scholles F, Haaren C, Myrzik A, Ott S, Wilke T, Winkelbrandt A and Wulfert K (2003) 'Strategische Umweltprüfung und Landschaftsplanung', UVP Report, vol 17, no 2, pp76-82
183. Scholten J J and Post R A M (1999) 'Strengthening the integrated approach to impact assessments in development cooperation', EIA Review, vol 19, no 3, pp233-243
184. Schomerus T, Runge K, Nehls G, Busse J, Nommel J, Poszig D, Burandt S, Lund B and Kraetzschmer D (2006) Strategische Umweltprufung für die Offshore-Windenergienutzung, Verlag Dr Kovac, Hamburg
185. Schön D A and Rein M (1994) Frame Reflection. Toward the Resolution of Intractable Policy Controversies, Basic Books, New York
186. ScottishPower (2001) Mid-Wales System Development Proposals, SP PowerSystems, Prenton
187. Scrase J I (2006) Assessment and Appraisal Concepts in Environmental Policy and Management, unpublished PhD thesis, Centre for Environmental Policy, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Imperial College, London
188. Sheate W (1992) 'Strategic environmental assessment in the transport sector', Project Appraisal, vol 7, no 3, pp170-174
189. Sheate W R, Byron H J and Smith S P (2004) 'Implementing the SEA Directive: Sectoral challenges and opportunities for the UK and EU', European Environment Journal, vol 14, no 2, pp73-93
190. Shepherd A and Ortolano L (1996) 'Strategic environmental assessment for sustainable urban development', Environmental Impact Assessment Review, vol 16, no 4, pp321-335
191. Smith S P and Sheate W R (2001) 'Sustainability appraisal of regional planning guidance and regional economic strategies in England: An assessment', Journal of Environmental Planning and Management, vol 44, no 5, pp735-755
192. Song Young-Il (2006) 'Development and implementation of strategic environmental assessment (SEA) in Korea', in Korea Environment Institute (KEI) (ed.) SEA and Future-Oriented Policy, Proceedings of the International Symposium on the 13th Anniversary of KEI, 26-27 January, Seoul, pp226-237
193. Stead D, Geerlings H and Meijers E J (eds) (2004) Policy Integration in Practice: The Integration of Land Use Planning, Transport and Environmental Policy-making in Denmark, England and Germany, DUP Science, Delft
194. Stein W, Smeets F, Wolff F and Danninger H (1993) 'Beitrag zur Umweltvertraglichkeitsprufung bei der Fortschreibung des Landesstrafienbedarfsplans NRW', UVP Report, vol 4, pp184-188
195. Tait, J (1995) 'Sustainability: Some questions for planners', Report for the Natural and Built Environment, no 5, June
196. Tang Tao, Zhu Tan and Xu He (forthcoming) 'Integrating environment into land-use planning through strategic environmental assessment in China: Towards legal frameworks and operational procedures' Environmental Impact Assessment Review
197. Taylor S (1984) Making Bureaucracies Think: The Environmental Impact Statement Strategy of Administrative Reform, Stanford University Press, Stanford, CA
198. Thérivel R and Wood G (2004) 'Tools for strategic environmental assessment', in Schmidt M, Joao E and Albrecht E (eds), Implementing Strategic Environmental Assessment, Springer, Berlin, pp349-364
199. Thérivel R and Partidario M (eds) (1996) The Practice of Strategic Environmental Assessment, Earthscan, London
200. Thissen W and Van der Hijden R (2005) 'The Netherlands', in Jones C, Baker M, Carter J, Jay S, Short M and Wood C (eds), Strategic Environmental Assessment and Land Use Planning, Earthscan, London, pp146-158
201. Tomlinson P and Fry C (2002) Improving EIA Effectiveness Through SEA, paper presented at the International Association for Impact Assessment Meeting, 19-21 June, The Hague, on CD-Rom from www.iaia.org
202. Tonn B, English M and Travis C (2000) 'A framework for understanding and improving environmental decision making', Journal of Environmental Planning and Management, vol 43, pp163-183
203. UNCED (United Nations Conference on Environment and Development) (1992) Agenda 21, United Nations Publications, New York
204. UNECE (United Nations Economic Council for Europe) (2003) Protocol on Strategic Environmental Assessment to the Convention on Environmental Impact Assessment in a Transboundary Context, www.unece.org/env/eia/sea_protocol.htm, last accessed: 29/12/2006
205. UNECE (2004) Convention on Access to Information, Public Participation in Decision-making and Access to Justice in Environmental Matters, www.unece.org/env/pp/treatytext.htm, last accessed: 29/12/2006
206. UNECE (2006) Resource Manual to Support Application of the Protocol on SEA (Draft for Consultation), www.unece.org/env/eia/sea_manual/welcome.xhtml, last accessed: 29/12/2006
207. United States Environmental Protection Agency (1998) Guidelines for Ecological Risk Assessment, Washington DC
208. United States Government (1969) National Environmental Policy Act, Public Law 91190, 91st Congress, S. 1075, 1 January 1970, Washington DC
209. UVP (2006) 'Special issue on emerging post Directive SEA practice', UVP Report, nos 1 and 2
210. Valve H (1999) 'Frame conflicts and the formulation of alternatives: Environmental assessment of an infrastructure plan', Environmental Impact Assessment Review, vol 19, pp125-142
211. Van den Berg J and Nooteboom S (1994) SEA: Existing methodology, European Commission, DG XI, Brussels, http://europa.eu.int/comm/environment/eia/, last accessed: 27/12/2006
212. Van Eck M and Scholten J J (1997) Effectiveness of Environmental Impact Assessment, briefing paper by the Dutch EIA Commission, Utrecht
213. Van Straaten D, Smolders K and Verheyen R (2001) Strategic Environmental Assessment of the Master Transport Plan in Flanders, presentation at the IAIA Cartagena meeting, 27 May to 1 June, Catagena
214. Verheem R (1996) 'SEA of the Dutch ten-year programme on waste maanagement', in Thérivel R and Pártidario M (eds), The Practice of Strategic Environmental Assessment, Earthscan, London
215. Verheem R (2005) 'The challenge of implementing the European SEA Directive in the Netherlands - a personal reflection', in Dalal-Clayton B and Sadler B (eds), The Status and Potential of Strategic Environmental Assessment, draft 65, IIED, London
216. Verkehrsministerium (1995) Generalverkehrsplan Baden-Wurttemberg, Verkehrsministerium Baden-Wurttemberg, Stuttgart
217. VROM (Ministry of Public Housing, Physical Planning and Environmental Affairs) (1984) Prediction in Environmental Impact Assessment, vol 17, VROM, The Hague
218. VROM (1993) Vierde nota over de ruimtelijke ordening Extra (VINEX), deel 4, VROM, The Hague
219. VROM (1996) (Milieu-) effectrapport over de Leidse en de Rotterdamse Regio, deel I, VROM, The Hague
220. Wackernagel M and Rees W (1996) Our Ecological Footprint: Reducing Human Impact on the Earth, New Society Publishers, Gabriola Island, BC
221. Wallagh G (1988) Tussen wens en werking, unpublished Master's thesis, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam
222. Ward M, Wilson J and Sadler B (2005) Application of SEA to Regional Land Transport Strategies, Land Transport New Zealand, Research Report, Wellington, New Zealand
223. Wende W, Hanusch M, Gassner E, Guennewig D, Köppel J, Lambrecht H, Langenheld A, Peters W and Roethke-Habeck P (2004) 'Requirements of the SEA Directive and the German Federal Transport Infrastructure Plan', European Environment, vol 14, no 2, pp105-122
224. Wood C (2002) Environmental Impact Assessment, a Comparative Review, Prentice Hall, New Jersey
225. Wood G, Glasson J and Becker J (2006) 'EIA scoping in England and Wales: Practitioners approaches, perspectives and constraints', Environmental Impact Assessment Review, vol 26, pp221-241
226. Wood C and Jones C E (1997) 'The effect of environmental assessment on UK planning authority decisions', Urban Studies, vol 44, no 8, pp1237-1257
227. Wood C and Djeddour M (1992) 'Strategic environmental assessment: EA of policies, plans and programmes', Impact Assessment Bulletin, vol 10, pp3-22
228. World Bank (2005) Integrating Environmental Considerations in Policy Formulation - Lessons from Policy-based SEA Experience, Environment Department, World Bank, Washington DC
229. World Bank Group (2006) 'Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) Distance Learning Course', World Bank, Washington DC, http://info.worldbank.org/etools/docs/library/107861/sea/sea/materials.xhtml, last accessed: 29/12/2006
230. Wright F (2006) The Purposes and Benefits of Understaking Strategic Environmental Assessment: The Case of Scotland in the Mid-Late 1990s, unpublished PhD thesis, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow
231. Zdrazil V and Martis M (2001) SEA in the Czech Republic, Experience, Open Issues, Background, presentation at the IAIA Cartagena meeting, 27 May to 1 June, Catagena