Innovation in the U.S. service sector

Innovation in the U.S. Service Sector

Volumn , Issue , 2006, Pages 1-134

  Gallaher, Michael P ^a   Link, Albert N ^b   Petrusa, Jeffrey E ^a  

^a RTI INTERNATIONAL   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA AT GREENSBORO   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 84917203835     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.4324/9780203966310     Document Type: Book

References (127)

1. Allison, J.R. and Tiller, E.H. (2003) "The business method patent myth," Berkeley Technology Law Journal, 18: 1-65.
2. Amable, B. and Palombarini, S. (1998) "Technical change and incorporated R&D in the service sector," Paris: OECD Publication Service.
3. Andersen, B., Howells, J., Hull, R., Miles, I., and Roberts, J. (2000) Knowledge and Innovation in the New Service Economy, North Hampton, MA: Edward Elgar.
4. Antonelli, C. (1989) "A failure-inducement model of research and development expenditure," Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization, 12: 159-80.
5. Arrow, K.J. (1962) "Economic welfare and the allocation of resources for invention," in Universities-National Bureau Committee for Economic Research, The Rate and Direction of Inventive Activity, Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
6. Barras, R. (1986) "Towards a theory of innovation in services," Research Policy, 15: 161-73.
7. Baudeau, N. (1910, originally 1767) Premiere Introduction a la philosophie economique, edited by A. Dubois. Paris: P. Geuthner.
8. Bentham, J. (1952) Jeremy Bentham's Economic Writings, edited by W. Stark. London: Allen & Unwin.
9. Bentham, J. (1962, originally 1838-43) The Works of Jeremy Bentham, edited by J. Bowring. New York: Russell & Russell.
10. Biotechnology Industry Organization (2002) Biotechnology Industry Organization. 2004. The Editors' and Reporters' Guide to Biotechnology, Washington, DC: Biotechnology Industry Organization.
11. Blank, D.M. and Stigler, G.J. (1957) The Demand and Supply of Scientific Personnel, New York: National Bureau of Economic Research.
12. Bush, V. (1945) Science-the Endless Frontier, Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.
13. Carlin, E.A. (1956) "Schumpeter's constructed type-the entrepreneur," Kyklos, 9: 27-43.
14. Charles River Associates (1981) Productivity Impacts of Government R&D Labs: The National Bureau of Standards' Semiconductor Technology Program-A Production Function Approach, Washington, DC: National Bureau of Standards.
15. Christensen, C.M., Anthony, S.D., and Roth, E.A. (2001) "Innovation in the telecommunications industry: separating hype from reality," Cambridge, MA: Harvard Business School Working Paper.
16. Clark, K.B. and Griliches, Z. (1984) "Productivity growth and R&D at the business level: results from the PIMS data base," in Z. Griliches (ed.), R&D, Patents, and Productivity, Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
17. Combs, K.L. and Link, A.N. (2003) "Innovation policy in search of an economic foundation: the case of research partnerships in the United States," Technology Analysis and Strategic Management, 15: 177-87.
18. COMPUSTAT (2003) Standard Poor's Compustat, division of the McGraw-Hill Companies.
19. Computer Science and Telecommunications Board-CSTB (2000) Making It Better: Expanding Information Technology Research to Meet Society's Needs, Washington, DC: National Academy Press.
20. Council on Competitiveness (1991) Gaining New Ground: Technology Priorities for American's Future, Washington, DC: Council on Competitiveness.
21. Cuneo, P. and Mairesse, J. (1984) "Productivity and R&D at the firm level in French manufacturing," in Z. Griliches (ed.), R&D, Patents, and Productivity, Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
22. David, P.A., Hall, B.H., and Toole, A.A. (2000) "Is public R&D a complement or a substitute for private R&D: a review of econometric evidence," Research Policy, 29: 497-529.
23. Dearborn, D.C., Kneznek, R.W., and Anthony, R.N. (1953) "Spending for industrial research, 1951-52," Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Graduate School of Business report.
24. Denison, E.F. (1979) Accounting for Slower Economic Growth: The United States in the 1970s, Washington, DC: Brookings Institution.
25. Ernst and Young (2002) "Convergence: Ernst & Young's biotechnology industry report, millennium edition," New York: Electronic report.
26. Evangelista, R. (1999) Knowledge and Investment, Northampton, MA: Edward Elgar Publishing Inc.
27. Feldman, M.P., Link, A.N., and Siegel, D.S. (2002) The Economics of Science and Technology, Norwell, MA: Kluwer Academic Publishers.
28. Gallaher, M.P. and Rowe, B.R. (2006) "The costs and benefits of transferring technology infrastructures underlying complex standards: the case of IPv6," Journal of Technology Transfer, 31: 519-44.
29. Gallouj, F. and Weinstein, O. (1997) "Innovation in services," Research Policy, 26: 537-56.
30. Griliches, Z. (1973) "Research in growth accounting," in B.R. Williams (ed.), Science and Technology in Economic Growth, New York: John Wiley.
31. Griliches, Z. (1980a) "R&D and the productivity slowdown," American Economic Review, 70: 343-48.
32. Griliches, Z. (1980b) "Returns to research and development expenditures in the private sector," in J.W. Kendrick and B.N. Vaccara (eds), New Developments in Productivity Measurement and Analysis, Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
33. Griliches, Z. (1986) "Productivity growth, R&D, and basic research at the firm level in the 1970s," American Economic Review, 76: 141-54.
34. Griliches, Z. and Lichtenberg, F.R. (1984) "R&D and productivity growth at the industry level: is there still a relationship?" in Z. Griliches (ed.), R&D, Patents, and Productivity, Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
35. Griliches, Z. and Mairesse, J. (1984) "Productivity and R&D at the firm level," in Z. Griliches (ed.), R&D, Patents, and Productivity, Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
36. Hagedoorn, J., Link, A.N., and Vonortas, N.S. (2000) "Research partnerships," Research Policy, 29: 567-86.
37. Hall, B.H. (2003) "Business method patents, innovation, and policy," UC Berkeley Competition Policy Center Working Paper No. CPC03-39.
38. Hall, B.H. and van Reenan, J. (2000) "How effective are fiscal incentives for R&D? A review of the evidence," Research Policy, 29: 449-69.
39. Halvy, E. (1955) The Growth of Philosophic Radicalism, translated by M. Morris. Boston, MA: Beacon Press.
40. Hauknes, J. (1998) "Dynamic innovation systems: do services have a role to play?" Oslo, Norway: STEP Group report.
41. Hébert, R.F. and Link, A.N. (1988) The Entrepreneur: Mainstream Views and Radical Critiques, Second Edition. New York: Praeger.
42. Hébert, R.F. and Link, A.N. (2006) "The entrepreneur as innovatoz," Journal of Technology Transfer, 31: 589-97.
43. Higgins, R.S. and Link, A.N. (1981) "Federal support of technological growth in industry: some evidence of crowding-out," IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management, EM-28: 86-88.
44. Holemans, B. and Sleuwagen, L. (1988) "Innovation expenditures and the role of government in Belgium," Research Policy, 17: 375-79.
45. Hoselitz, Bert F. (1960) "The early history of entrepreneurial theory," in J. Spengler and W.R. Allen (eds), Essays in Economic Thought: Aristotle to Marshall, Chicago, IL: Rand McNally.
46. Howells, J. (1999) "Research and technology outsourcing," Technology Analysis and Strategic Management, 26: 17-29.
47. Howells, J. (2000a) "Services and systems of innovation," in B. Andersen (ed.), Knowledge and Innovation in the New Service Economy, Northampton, MA: Edward Elgar Publishing Inc.
48. Howells, J. (2000b) "Understanding the new service economy," in B. Andersen (ed.), Knowledge and Innovation in the New Service Economy, Northampton, MA: Edward Elgar Publishing Inc.
49. Howells, J. (2001) "The nature of innovation in services," OECD Proceedings Industry, Services and Trade, Paris: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.
50. Jaffe, A.B. (1998) "The importance of 'spillovers' in the policy mission of the ATP," Journal of Technology Transfer, 23: 11-19.
51. Jankowski, J.E. (2001) "Measurement and growth of R&D within the service economy," Journal of Technology Transfer, 26: 323-36. J.P. Morgan Press Release, October 2, 2002.
52. Kanbur, S.M. (1980) "A note on risk taking, entrepreneurship, and Schumpeter," History of Political Economy, 12: 489-98.
53. Lecht, G. and Moch, D. (1999) "Innovation and information technology in services." Canadian Journal of Economics, 32: 363-83.
54. Leyden, D.P. and Link, A.N. (1991) "Why are government and private R&D complements?" Applied Economics, 23: 1673-81.
55. Leyden, D.P. and Link, A.N. (1992) Government's Role in Innovation, Norwell, MA: Kluwer Academic Publishers.
56. Leyden, D.P. and Link, A.N. (1993) "Tax policies affecting R&D: an international comparison," Technovation, 13: 17-25.
57. Leyden, D.P., Link, A.N., and Bozeman, B. (1989) "The effects of governmental financing on firms' R&D activities: a theoretical and empirical investigation," Technovation, 9: 561-75.
58. Lichtenberg, F.R. (1984) "The relationship between federal contract R&D and company R&D," American Economic Review, 74: 73-78.
59. Lichtenberg, F.R. (1987) "The effect of government funding on private industrial research and development: a re-assessment," Journal of Industrial Economics, 36: 97-104.
60. Lichtenberg, F.R. (1988) "The private R&D investment response to federal design and technical competitions," American Economic Review, 78: 550-59.
61. Lichtenberg, F.R. and Siegel, D. (1991) "The impact of R&D investment on productivity-new evidence using linked R&D-LRD data," Economic Inquiry, 29: 203-28.
62. Link, A.N. (1980) "Firm size and efficient entrepreneurial activity: a reformulation of the Schumpeter hypothesis," Journal of Political Economy, 88: 771-82.
63. Link, A.N. (1981a) "Basic research and productivity increase in manufacturing: some additional evidence," American Economic Review, 71: 1111-12.
64. Link, A.N. (1981b) Research and Development Activity in U.S. Manufacturing, New York: Praeger.
65. Link, A.N. (1982a) "A disaggregated analysis of industrial R&D: product versus process innovation," in D. Sahal (ed.), The Transfer and Utilization of Technical Knowledge, Lexington, MA: D.C. Health.
66. Link, A.N. (1982b) "The impact of federal research and development spending on productivity," IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management, EM-29: 166-69.
67. Link, A.N. (1983a) "Alternative sources of technology: an analysis of induced innovations," Managerial and Decision Economics, 4: 40-44.
68. Link, A.N. (1983b) "Interfirm technology flows and productivity growth," Economics Letters, 11: 179-84.
69. Link, A.N. (1996) "On the classification of industrial R&D," Research Policy, 25: 397-401.
70. Link, A.N. (1999) "Public/private partnerships in the United States," Industry and Innovation, 6: 191-217.
71. Link, A.N. (2005) "Research joint ventures in the United States: a descriptive analysis," in A. Link and F.M. Scherer (eds), Essays in Honor of Edwin Mansfield, New York: Springer.
72. Link, A.N. (2006) Public/Private Partnerships: Innovation Strategies and Policy Alternatives, New York: Springer.
73. Link, A.N. and Bauer, L.L. (1989) Cooperative Research in U.S. Manufacturing: Assessing Policy Initiatives and Corporate Strategies, Lexington, MA: D.C. Health.
74. Link, A.N. and Rees, J. (1990) "Firm size, university based research and the returns to R&D," Small Business Economics, 2: 25-32.
75. Link, A.N. and Scott, J.T. (2005) Evaluating Public Research Institutions: The U.S. Advanced Technology Program's Intramural Research Initiative, London: Routledge.
76. Link, A.N. and Siegel, D. (2003) Technological Change and Economic Performance, London: Routledge.
77. Link, A.N. and Tassey, G. (1993) "The technology infrastructure of firms: investments in infratechnology," IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management, 40: 312-15.
78. Link, A.N., Tassey, G., and Zmud, R. (1983a) "The induce versus purchase decision: an empirical analysis of industrial R&D," Decision Sciences, 14: 46-61.
79. Link, A.N., Tassey, G., and Zmud, R. (1983b) "The technology infrastructure of firms: investments in infratechnology," IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management, 40: 312-15.
80. Link, A.N., Paton, D., and Siegel, D.S. (2002) "An analysis of policy initiatives to promote strategic research partnerships," Research Policy, 31: 1459-66.
81. Mansfield, E. (1980) "Basic research and productivity increase in manufacturing," American Economic Review, 70: 863-73.
82. Martin, S. and Scott, J.T. (2000) "The nature of innovation market failure and the design of public support for private innovation," Research Policy, 29: 437-47.
83. Meyers, J. (2004) "Telephony's complete guide to WiMAX: the business case for service provider deployment." http://telephonyonline.com/ar/telecom_telephonys_complete_guide/index.htm.
84. Miles, I. and Dachs, B. (2005) "The future of R&D in services: implications for E.U. research and innovation policy," Report for the European Commission Directorate-General Research.
85. Minasian, J.R. (1962) "The economics of research and development," in R.R. Nelson (ed.), The Rate and Direction of Inventive Activity: Economic and Social Factors, New York: National Bureau of Economic Research.
86. Mohr, M.F. (1999) "Identification and classification of service projects: phase I of an initiative to create a North American product classification system," mimeograph.
87. Nadiri, M.I. (1980) "Sectoral productivity slowdown," American Economic Review, 70: 349-52.
88. Nadiri, M.I. and Schankerman, M.A. (1981) "Technical change, returns to scale, and the productivity slowdown," American Economic Review, 71: 314-19.
89. National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) (2005) Measuring Service-Sector Research and Development, Planning Report 05-1, Gaithersburg, MD: National Institute of Standards and Technology.
90. National Science Board (2004) Science and Engineering Indicators, 2004, Arlington, VA: National Science Foundation.
91. National Science Foundation (1956) Science and Engineering in American dynasty: Final Report on a 1953-1954 Survey, Washington, DC: National Science Foundation.
92. Office of Management and Budget (1996) "Economic analysis of federal regulations under Executive Order 12866," Washington, DC.
93. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) (2001a) Innovation and Productivity in Services, Paris: OECD Publication Service.
94. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) (2001b) Research and Development Expenditures in Industry 1987-1999, Paris: OECD Publication Service.
95. Pavitt, K. (1984) "Sectoral patterns of technical change: towards a taxonomy and a theory," Research Policy, 134: 343-73.
96. Pilat, D. (2001) "Innovation and productivity in services: state of the art," in Innovation and Productivity in Services, France: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.
97. Prevezer, M. (1998) "Clustering in biotechnology in the USA," in M. Prevzer and D. Stout (eds), The Dynamics of Industry Clustering, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
98. Schankerman, M.A. (1981) "The effects of double-counting and expensing on the measured returns to R&D," Review of Economics and Statistics, 63: 454-58.
99. Scherer, F.M. (1982) "Inter-industry technology flows and productivity growth," Review of Economics and Statistics, 6: 627-34.
100. Scherer, F.M. (1983a) "The propensity to patent," International Journal of Industrial Organization, 1: 107-28.
101. Scherer, F.M. (1983b) "R&D and declining productivity growth," American Economic Review, 73: 215-18.
102. Schumpeter, J.A. (1928) "The instability of capitalism," Economic Journal, 38: 361-86.
103. Schumpeter, J.A. (1934) The Theory of Economic Development, translated by R. Opie from the 2nd German edition [1926], Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
104. Schumpeter, J.A. (1939) Business Cycles, New York: McGraw-Hill.
105. Schumpeter, J.A. (1950) Capitalism, Socialism and Democracy, Third Edition, New York: Harper & Row.
106. Sirilli, G. and Evangelista, R. (1998) "Technological innovation in services and manufacturing: results from Italian surveys," Research Policy, 27: 881-99.
107. Soete, L. and Miozzo, M. (1989) "Trade and development in services: a technological perspective," Maastricht: MERIT Working paper No. 89-031.
108. Solow, R.M. (1957) "Technical change and the aggregate production function," Review of Economics and Statistics, 39: 312-20.
109. Standard & Poor's (2002) "Standards & Poor's biotechnology industry survey," New York: mimeographed.
110. Sundbo, J. (1997) "Management of innovation in services," The Services Industries Journal, 17: 432-56.
111. Sundbo, J. and Gallouji, F. (1999) "Innovation in services in seven European countries," Report for the European Commission.
112. TASC (1998) The Economics of a Technology-based Service Sector, NISY Planning Report 98-2, Gaithersburg, MD: National Institute of Standards and Technology.
113. Tassey, G. (1992) Technology Infrastructure and Competitive Position, Norwell, MA: Kluwer Academic Publishers.
114. Tassey, G. (1997) The Economics of R&D Policy. Westport, CT: Greenwood Publishing Company.
115. Tassey, G. (2005) "Underinvestment in public good technology," Journal of Technology Transfer, 30: 89-113.
116. Terleckyj, N.E. (1974) Effects of R&D on the Productivity Growth of Industries: An Exploratory Study, Washington, DC: National Planning Association.
117. Terleckyj, N.E. (1982) "R&D and the U.S. industrial productivity in the 1970s," in D. Sahal (ed.), The Transfer and Utilization of Technical Knowledge, Lexington, MA: D.C. Health.
118. Tether, B., Hipp, C., and Miles, I. (2001) "Standarisation and specialisation in services: evidence from Germany," Research Policy, 30: 1115-38.
119. Thünen, J.H. von (1960) The Isolated State in Relation to Agriculture and Political Economy, vol. 2, translated by B.W. Dempsey, in The Frontier Wage, Chicago, IL: Loyola University Press.
120. Toole, A.A. (2003) "Understanding entrepreneurship in the U.S. biotechnology industry," in D.H. Hart (ed.), The Emergence of Entrepreneurship Policy: Governance, Start-Ups, and Growth in the U.S. Knowledge Economy, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
121. US Department of Commerce (2003) "A survey of the use of biotechnology in U.S. industry," Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Commerce.
122. US Department of Commerce, Technology Administration (1990) Emerging Technologies: A Survey of Technical and Economic Opportunities, Washington, DC: US Department of Commerce.
123. US Patents and Trademark Office (1999) "White paper on automated financial or management data processing methods (business methods)," http://www.uspto.gov/web/menu/busmethp/index2.htm.
124. von Hippel, E. (1988) The Sources of Innovation, New York: Oxford University Press.
125. Wallsten, S. (1999) "The effects of government-industry R&D programs on private R&D: the case of the small business innovation research program," Rand Journal of Economics, 31: 82-100.
126. Weber, M. (1930) The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism, translated by T. Parsons. New York: Scribner's.
127. Zrinyi, J. (1962) "Entrepreneurial behavior in economic theory: an historical and analytical approach," PhD dissertation, Georgetown University.