Business clusters: An international perspective

Business Clusters: An International Perspective

Volumn , Issue , 2005, Pages 1-225

  Perry, Martin ^a,b  

^a MASSEY UNIVERSITY   (New Zealand)

^b New Zealand Centre for SME Research   (New Zealand)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 84916979076     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.4324/9780203310694     Document Type: Book

References (336)

1. Aiginger, K. and Leitner, W. (2002) 'Regional concentration in the USA and Europe: who follows whom?', Weltwirtshafitliches Archiv 138(4):1-28.
2. Almeida, P. and Kogut, B. (1997) 'The exploration of technological diversity and geographic localization of innovation', Small Business Economics 9:21-31.
3. Altenburg, T. and Meyer-Stamer, J. (1999) 'How to promote clusters: policy experiences from Latin America', World Development 27:1693-713.
4. Amin, A. (ed.) (1994) Post-Fordism: A Reader, Oxford: Blackwell.
5. Angel, D. (1994) 'Tighter bonds? Customer-supplier linkages in semiconductors', Regional Studies 28(2):187-200.
6. Arndt, H. and Hill, H. (eds) (1999) Southeast Asia's Economic Crisis, Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies.
7. Arzeni, S. and Pellegrin, J.-P. (1997) 'Entrepreneurship and local development', OECD Observer 204(Feb./March): 27-9.
8. Asheim, B. (2000) 'Industrial districts: the contributions of Marshall and beyond', in G.Clark, M.Feldman and M.Gertler (eds) The Oxford Handbook of Economic Geography, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
9. Asian Development Bank (2001) 'Best practice in developing industry clusters and business networks', SME Development Technical Assistance Policy Discussion Paper 8, Jakarta: Asian Development Bank.
10. Audretsch, D. (1998) 'Agglomeration and the location of innovative activity', Oxford Review of Economic Policy 14(2):18-29.
11. Audretsch, D. (2001) 'The role of small firms in U.S. biotechnology clusters', Small Business Economics 17:3-15.
12. Beardsell, M. and Henderson, V. (1999) 'Spatial evolution of the computer industry in the USA', European Economic Review 43:431-56.
13. Beaudry, C.and Breschi, S. (2003) 'Are firms in clusters really more innovative?', Economics of Innovation and New Technology 12(4):325-42.
14. Becattini, G. (1990) 'The Marshallian industrial districts as a socio-economic notion', in F.Pyke (ed.) Industrial Districts and Inter-firm Cooperation in Italy, Geneva: International Institute for Labour Studies.
15. Benner, C. (2002) Work in the New Economy: Flexible Labour Markets in Silicon Valley, Oxford: Blackwell.
16. Bennett, R., Graham, D. and Bratton, W. (1999) 'The location and concentration of business in Britain: business clusters, business services, market coverage and local economic development', Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers 24:393-420.
17. Benneworth, P. (2002) 'Creating new industries and service clusters on Tyneside', Local Economy 17(4):313-27.
18. Benneworth, P., Danson, M., Raines, P. and Whittam, G. (2003) 'Confusing clusters: making sense of the cluster approach in theory and practice', European Planning Studies 11(5):511-20.
19. Birkenshaw, J. (2000) 'Upgrading if industry clusters and foreign investment', International Studies of Management & Organization 30(2):93-113.
20. Black, D. and Henderson, V. (1999) 'A theory of urban growth', Journal of Political Economy 107:252-84.
21. Blair, J. (1995) Local Economic Development: Analysis and Practice, Thousand Oaks, Calif.: Sage.
22. Boeker, W. (1997) 'Executive migration and strategic change: the effect of top manager movement on product-market entry', Administrative Science Quarterly 42:213-36.
23. Brakman, S., Garretsen, H. and van Marrewijk, C. (2001) An Introduction to Geographical Economics, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
24. Braunerhjelm, P. and Johansson, D. (2003) 'The determinants of spatial concentration: the manufacturing and service sectors in an international perspective', Industry and Innovation 10(1):41-63.
25. Braunerhjelm, P., Faini, R., Norman, V., Ruane, F. and Seabright, P. (2000) 'Integration and the regions of Europe: how the right policies can prevent polarization', Monitoring European Integration 10, London: Centre for Economic Policy Research.
26. Bresnahan, T., Gambardella, A. and Saxenian, A. (2001) '"Old economy" inputs for "new economy" outcomes: cluster formation in the new Silicon Valleys', Industrial and Corporate Change 10(4):835-60.
27. Brusco, S., Cainelli, G., Forni, F., Franchi, M., Malusardi, A. and Righetti, R. (1996) 'The evolution of industrial districts in Emilia-Romagna', in F.Cossentino, F.Pyke and W.Sengenberger (eds) Local and Regional Response to Global Pressure: The Case of Italy and its Industrial Districts, Geneva: International Institute for Labour Studies.
28. Buck, N., Drennan, M and Newton, K. (1992) 'Dynamics of the metropolitan economy', in S.Fainstein, I.Gordon and M.Harloe (eds) Divided Cities: New York and London in the Contemporary World, Cambridge, Mass.: Blackwell.
29. Bull, A.C., Pitt, M. and Szarka, J. (1991) 'Small firms and industrial districts, structural explanations of small firm viability in three countries', Entrepreneurship and Regional Development 3:83-99.
30. Burger, K., Kameo, D. and Sandee, H. (2000) 'Clustering of small-scale enterprises. An analysis with special reference to agro-processing in Central Java, Indonesia', unpublished paper, FEWEB, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam.
31. Burke, R. (2002) 'Organizational transitions', in C.Cooper and R.Burke (eds) The New World of Work-Challenges and Opportunities, Oxford: Blackwell.
32. Burroni, L. and Trigilia, C. (2001) 'Italy: economic development through local economies', in C.Crouch, P.Le Galés, C.Trogilia and H.Voelzkow (eds) Local Production Systems in Europe: Rise or Demise?, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
33. Cappelli, P. (1999) The New Deal at Work: Managing the Market Driven Workforce, Boston: Harvard Business School Press.
34. Carnevali, F. (2003) '"Malefactors and honourable men": the making of commercial honesty in nineteenth-century industrial Birmingham', in J.Wilson and A. Popp (eds) Industrial Clusters and Regional Business Networks in England, 1750-1970, Aldershot: Ashgate.
35. Casella, A. (1993) 'Discussion', in F.Torres and F.Giavzzi (eds) Adjustment and Growth in the European Monetary Union, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
36. Chang, H.-J., Palma, G. and Whittaker, D.H. (eds) (2001) Financial Liberalization and the Asian Crisis, Basingstoke: Palgrave.
37. Chaston, I. (1996) 'Critical events and process gaps in the Danish Technological Institute SME structured networking model', International Small Business Journal 14(3):71-84.
38. Checkland, S.G. (1981) The Upas Tree: Glasgow 1875-1975: A Study in Growth and Contraction, Glasgow: University of Glasgow Press.
39. Chia, L.S. (ed.) (2003) Southeast Asia Transformed, Singapore: Institute of South-east Asian Studies.
40. Chon, S. (1997) 'Destroying the myth of vertical integration in the Japanese electronics industry: restructuring in the semiconductor manufacturing equipment industry', Regional Studies 31(1):25-39.
41. Christensen, C. (1997) The Innovator's Dilemma, Boston: Harvard Business School Press.
42. Cingano, F. (2003) 'Returns to specific skills in industrial districts', Labour Economics 10:149-64.
43. Cluster Navigators (2001) Cluster Building: A Toolkit, Wellington: Industry New Zealand.
44. Coe, D. and Helpman, E. (1995) 'International R&D spillovers', European Economic Review 39:859-87.
45. Coe, N. (2001) 'A hyrid agglomeration? The development of a satellite-Marshallian industrial district in Vancouver's film industry', Urban Studies 38(10):1753-75.
46. Cohen, S. and Fields, G. (1999) 'Social capital and capital gains, or virtual bowling in Silicon Valley: an examination of social capital in Silicon Valley', Working Paper, Berkeley, Calif.: Berkeley Round Table on the International Economy, University of California.
47. Cole, W. (1998) 'Bali's garment export industry', in H.Hill and K.W.Thee (eds) Indonesia's Technological Challenge, Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies.
48. Combes, P.-P. and Duranton, G. (2001) 'Labour pooling, labour poaching, and spatial clustering', Centre for Economic Performance Discussion Paper 510, London: London School of Economics and Political Science.
49. Cooke, P. (2001) 'Biotechnology clusters in the U.K.: lessons from localisation in the commercialisation of science', Small Business Economics 17:43-59.
50. Cooper, C. and Burke, R. (eds) (2002) The New World of Work-Challenges and Opportunities, Oxford: Blackwell.
51. Cooper, M. (2000) 'Being the "go-to guy": fatherhood, masculinity, and the organization of work in Silicon Valley', Qualitative Sociology 23(4):379-405.
52. Cossentino, F., Pyke, F. and Sengenberger, W. (eds) (1996) Local and Regional Response to Global Pressure: The Case of Italy and its Industrial Districts, Geneva: International Institute for Labour Studies.
53. Crang, P. and Martin, R. (1991) 'Mrs Thatcher's vision of the "new Britain" and the other sides of the "Cambridge phenomenon"', Environment and Planning D: Society and Space 9:91-116.
54. Crewe, L. and Davenport, E. (1992) 'The puppet show: changing buyer-supplier relationships within clothing industry', Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers 17(2):183-97.
55. Crouch, C. and Farrell, H. (2001) 'Great Britain: falling through the holes in the network concept', in C.Crouch, P.Le Galés, C.Trogilia and H.Voelzkow (eds) Local Production Systems in Europe: Rise or Demise?, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
56. Cunha, R.C. (2002) 'Privatisation and outsourcing', in C.Cooper and R.Burke (eds) The New World of Work-Challenges and Opportunities, Oxford: Blackwell.
57. Dale, B. (2002) 'Self-assessment models and quality/excellence awards', in C.Cooper and R.Burke (eds) The New World of Work-Challenges and Opportunities, Oxford: Blackwell.
58. Daly, P. (1985) The Biotechnology Business: A Strategic Analysis, London: Pinter.
59. Dalziel, P. and Lattimore, R. (1996) The New Zealand Macroeconomy: A Briefing on the Reforms, Melbourne: Oxford University Press.
60. Davis, D. and Weinstein, D. (1996) 'Does economic geography matter for international specialization?', National Bureau of Economic Research Working Paper 5706, Cambridge, Mass.: NBER.
61. Davis, D. and Weinstein, D. (1998) Market Access, Economic Geography and Comparative Advantage: An Empirical Assessment, National Bureau of Economic Research Working Paper 6787, Cambridge, Mass: NBER.
62. Davis, D. and Weinstein, D. (1999) 'Economic geography and regional production structure: an empirical investigation', European Economic Review 43:379-407.
63. Dean, J. and Snell, S. (1991) 'Integrated manufacturing and job design: moderating effects of organizational inertia', Academy of Management Journal 34(4):774-804.
64. Dedoussis, V. and Littler, C. (1994) 'Understanding the transfer of Japanese management practices: the Australian case', in T.Elger and C.Smith (eds) Global Japanization? The Transnational Transformation of the Labour Process, London: Routledge.
65. Dei Ottati, G. (1994) 'Trust, interlinking transactions and credit in the industrial district', Cambridge Journal of Economics 18(6):529-46.
66. Department of Trade and Industry (2001) Business Clusters in the UK-A First Assessment, London: Department of Trade and Industry.
67. Dewhurst, J. and McCann, P. (2002) 'A comparison of measures of industrial specialization for travel-to-work areas in Great Britain, 1981-1997', Regional Studies 36(5):541-51.
68. Dicken, P. (1998) Global Shift: Transforming the World Economy, 4th edn, Guildford: Paul Chapman.
69. Dicken, P. (2000) 'Places and flows: situating international investment', in G.Clark, M.Feldman and M.Gertler (eds) The Oxford Handbook of Economic Geography, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
70. Djelic, M.-L. (1998) Exporting the American Model: The Postwar Transformation of European Business, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
71. Donaghu, M. and Barff, R. (1990) 'Nike just did it: international subcontracting and flexibility in athletic footwear production', Regional Studies 24(6):537-52.
72. Dosi, G. (1984) Technical Change and Industrial Transformation, London: Macmillan
73. Dumais, G., Ellison, G. and Glaeser, E. (1997) 'Geographic concentration as a dynamic process', National Bureau of Economic Research Working Paper 6270, Cambridge, Mass.: NBER.
74. Dunning, J. (1993) 'Internationalizing Porter's diamond', Management International Review 33(2):7-15.
75. Duranton, G. and Puga, D. (2002) 'Diversity and specialization in cities: why, where and when does it matter?', in P.McCann (ed.) Industrial Location Economics, Cheltenham: Edward Elgar.
76. Dyer, G. and Merchant, K. (2003) 'The birth of a biotech cluster', Financial Times, 14 August.
77. Eaton, B. and Kortum, S. (1996) 'Trade in ideas: patenting and productivity in the OECD', Journal of International Economics 40(3/4):251-78.
78. Ecotech Research and Consulting (2004) A Practical Guide to Cluster Development, London: Department of Trade and Industry.
79. Edgington, D (1997) 'Flexibility and corporate organization in Chukyo, Japan: a study of five industries', Regional Development Studies 3(Winter): 83-108.
80. Elger, T. and Smith, C. (1994) 'Global Japanization? Convergence and competition in the organization of the labour process', in T.Elger and C.Smith (eds) Global Japanization? The Transnational Transformation of the Labour Process, London: Routledge.
81. Ellison, G. and Glaeser, E. (1997) 'Geographical concentration in US manufacturing industries: a dartboard approach', Journal of Political Economy 105:889-927.
82. Enright, M. (1996) 'Regional clusters and economic development: a research agenda', in N.Schaefer and B.Sharma (eds) Business Networks: Prospects for Regional Development, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter.
83. Enright, M. (1999) 'The globalization of competition and the localization of competitive advantage: policies toward regional clustering', in N.Hood and S.Young (eds) The Globalization of Multinational Enterprise Activity and Economic Development, London: Macmillan.
84. EU Expert Group on Enterprise Clusters and Networks (2003) Final Report of the Expert Group on Enterprise Clusters and Networks, Brussels: Enterprise Directorate General, European Commission.
85. Feldman, M. and Audretsch, D. (1999) 'Innovation in cities: science-based diversity, specialization and localized competition', European Economic Review 43:409-29.
86. Feser, E. and Bergman, E. (2000) 'National industry cluster templates: a framework for regional cluster analysis', Regional Studies 34(1):1-20.
87. Feser, E. and Luger, M. (2003) 'Cluster analysis as a mode of inquiry: its use in science and technology policymaking in North Carolina', European Planning Studies 11 (1):11-24.
88. Ffowcs Williams, I. (1996) 'New Zealand: The internationalisation of competition and the emergence of networks', in Networks of Enterprises and Local Development, Paris: Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development.
89. Florida, R. and Kenney, M. (1990) 'High technology restructuring in the USA and Japan', Environment and Planning A 22(2):233-52.
90. Foord, J., Bowlby, S. and Tillsley, C. (1996) 'The changing place of retailer-supplier relations in British retailing', in N.Wrigley and M.Lowe (eds) Retailing, Consumption and Capital: Towards a New Retail Geography, London: UCL Press.
91. Fothergill, S. and Gudgin, G. (1982) Unequal Growth, London: Heinemann.
92. Fothergill, S., Kitson, S. and Monk, S. (1985) 'Rural industrialization: trends and causes', in M.Healey and B.Ilberry (eds) Industrialization of the Countryside, Norwich: Geo Books.
93. Freeman, C. (1982) The Economics of Innovation, 2nd edn, London: Pinter.
94. Fujita, M. and Krugman, P. (1995) 'When is the economy monocentric? Von Thünen and Chamberlin unified', Regional Science and Urban Economics 25:505-28.
95. Fujita, M. and Thisse, J.-F. (2000) 'The formation of economic agglomerations: old problems and new perspectives', in J.-M.Huriot and J.-F.Thisse (eds) Economics of Cities, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
96. Fujita, M., Krugman, P. and Mori, T. (1999) 'On the evolution of hierarchical urban systems', European Economic Review 43:209-51.
97. Fujita, M., Krugman, P. and Venables, A. (1999) The Spatial Economy, Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press.
98. Fukuyama, F. (1995) Trust: The Social Virtues and the Creation of Prosperity, London: Hamish Hamilton.
99. Gambetta, D. (ed.) (1988) Trust: Making and Breaking Cooperative Relations, New York: Blackwell.
100. Gereffi, G. (1994) 'The international economy and economic development', in N. Smelser and R.Swedberg (eds) The Handbook of Economic Sociology, Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
101. Gertler, M. (2003) 'Tacit knowledge and the economic geography of context, or the undefinable tacitnesss of being (there)', Journal of Economic Geography 3:75-99.
102. Giddens, A. (1990) The Consequences of Modernity, Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press.
103. Glaeser, E. (1998) 'Are cities dying?', Journal of Economic Perspectives 12(2):139-60.
104. Glaeser, E. (2000) 'The new economics of urban and regional growth', in G.Clark, M. Feldman and M.Gertler (eds) The Oxford Handbook of Economic Geography, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
105. Glaeser, E., Kallal, H., Scheinkman, J. and Schleifer, A. (1992) 'Growth in cities', Journal of Political Economy 100(6):1126-52.
106. Glasmeier, A. (1999) 'Territory-based regional development policy and planning in a learning economy: the case of "real service centres" in industrial districts', European Urban and Regional Studies 6(1):48-68.
107. Glasmeier, A. (2000) 'Local economic development policy', in G.Clark, M.Feldman and M.Gertler (eds) The Oxford Handbook of Economic Geography, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
108. Glassman, U. and Voelzkow, H. (2001) 'The governance of local economies in Germany' in C.Crouch, P.Le Galés, C.Trogilia and H.Voelzkow (eds) Local Production Systems in Europe: Rise or Demise?, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
109. Gordon, I. and McCann, P. (2000) 'Industrial clusters: complexes, agglomeration and/or social networks', Urban Studies 37(3):513-32.
110. Gottardi, G. (1996) 'Technology strategies, innovation without R&D and the creation of knowledge within industrial districts', Journal of Industry Studies 3(2):119-34.
111. Grabher, G. (1993) 'The weakness of strong ties: the lock-in of regional development in the Ruhr area', in G.Grabher (ed.) The Embedded Firm: On the Socioeconomics of Industrial Networks, London: Routledge.
112. Grabher, G. and Stark, D. (1997) 'Organizing diversity: evolutionary theory, network analysis and post-socialism', in G.Grabher and D.Stark (eds) Restructur-ing Networks in Post-Socialism: Legacies, Linkages and Localities, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
113. Granovetter, M. (1985) 'Economic action and social structure: the problem of embeddedness', American Journal of Sociology 91(3):481-510.
114. Granovetter, M. (1992) 'Problems of explanation in economic sociology', in N.Nohria and R. Eccles (eds) Networks and Organizations: Structure, Form and Action, Boston: Harvard Business School Press.
115. Gudgin, G. (1978) Industrial Location Processes and Regional Development, Farnborough: Saxon House.
116. Hallencreutz, D. and Lundequist, P. (2001) Innovative Clusters in Sweden, Stockholm: NUTEK
117. Hallencreutz, D. and Lundequist, P. (2003) 'Spatial clustering and the potential for policy practice: experience from cluster building in Sweden', European Planning Studies 11(5):533-47.
118. Hallet, M. (2000) 'Regional specialization and concentration in the EU', Economic Papers 141, Brussels: European Commission.
119. Hamel, G. and Prahalad, C. (1994) Competing for the Future, Boston: Harvard Business School Press.
120. Hamilton, G. and Biggart, N. (1988) 'Market, culture and authority: a comparative analysis of management and organization in the Far East', American Journal of Sociology 94 (supplement): S52-S94.
121. Hanson, G. (2000) 'Firms, workers, and the geographic concentration of economic activity', in G.Clark, M.Feldman and M.Gertler (eds) The Oxford Handbook of Economic Geography, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
122. Harrison, B. (1992) 'Industrial districts: old wine in new bottles', Regional Studies 26 (5):469-83.
123. Hayter, R. (1997) Industrial Location: The Factory, the Firm and the Production System, Chichester: John Wiley & Sons.
124. Hayward, D. (1996) 'Industrial concentration and industry strategy', in R.Le Heron and E.Pawson (eds) Changing Places: New Zealand in the Nineties, Auckland: Longman Paul.
125. Henderson, V. (1974) 'The sizes and types of cities', American Economic Review 64(4):640-56.
126. Henderson, V. (1988) Urban Development: Theory, Fact and Illusion, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
127. Henderson, V. (1997) 'Externalities and industrial development', Journal of Urban Economics 42(3):449-70.
128. Henderson, V. (1999) 'Marshall's economies', National Bureau of Economic Research Working Paper 7358, Cambridge, Mass.: NBER.
129. Henderson, V. (2001) 'Marshall's scale economies', mimeo., Providence, RI: Brown University.
130. Henderson, V., Kuncoro, A. and Turner, M. (1995) 'Industrial development and cities', Journal of Political Economy 103:1067-85.
131. Hendry, C., Brown, J. and Defillip, R. (2000) 'Regional clustering of high technologybased firms: opto-electronics in three countries', Regional Studies 34(2):129-44.
132. Hendry, C., Brown, J., Defillip, R. and Hassink, R. (1999) 'Industry clusters as commercial, knowledge and institutional networks: opto-electronics in six regions in the UK, USA and Germany', in A.Grandori (ed.) Interform Networks: Organization and Industrial Competitiveness, London: Routledge.
133. Henriksen, L.B. (1995) 'Formal cooperation among firms in networks: the case of Danish joint ventures and strategic alliances', European Planning Studies 3(2):254-60.
134. Hill, H. (2002) 'Old policy challenges for a new administration: SMEs in Indonesia', in C.Harvie and B.-C.Lee (eds) The Role of SMEs in National Economies in East Asia, Cheltenham: Edward Elgar.
135. Hirst, P. and Thompson, G. (1996) Globalization in Question, Cambridge: Polity Press.
136. Hobday, M. (1995) Innovation in East Asia: The Challenge to Japan, Cheltenham: Edward Elgar.
137. Holmann, D. and Wood, S. (2003) 'The new workplace: an introduction', in D.Holman, T.Wall, C.Clegg, P.Sparrow and A.Howard (eds) The New Workplace: A Guide to the Human Impact of Modern Working Practices, Chichester: John Wiley & Sons.
138. Holmes, T. and Stevens, J. (2002) 'Geographic concentration and establishment scale', Review of Economics and Statistics 84(4):682-90.
139. Hoover, E. (1937) Location Theory and the Shoe and Leather Industry, Cambridge Mass.: Harvard University Press.
140. Hoover, E. (1948) The Location of Economic Activity, New York: McGraw Hill.
141. Hudson, R. (1999) 'The learning economy, the learning firm and the learning region: a sympathetic critique of the limits of learning', European Urban and Regional Studies 6(1):59-72.
142. Huggins, R. (1996) 'Technology policy, networks and small firms in Denmark', Regional Studies 30(5):523-52.
143. Humphrey, J. and Schmitz, H. (1995) 'Principles for promoting clusters and networks of SMEs', Small and Medium Enterprises Programme Discussion Paper 1, Vienna: UNIDO.
144. Humphrey, J. and Schmitz, H. (2002) 'How does insertion in global value chains affect upgrading in industrial clusters?', Regional Studies 36(9):1017-27.
145. Ingley, C. and Selvarajah, C. (2000) 'Business cluster development and performance', in R.Edwards, C.Nyland and M.Coulthard (eds) Readings in International Business: An Asia Pacific Perspective, Frenchs Forest: Pearson Education Australia.
146. Irwin, D. (2003) 'The challenge to learn and share', Agenda for Local Economic Development 60(October):3-4.
147. Isaksen, A. and Hauge, E. (2002) Regional Clusters in Europe, Observatory of European SMEs 3, Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities.
148. ISTAT (2003) Quarterly Labour Force Survey October 2003, Rome: National Institute of Statistics.
149. Izushi, H. (1997) 'Conflict between two industrial networks: technological adaptation and inter-firm relationships in the ceramics industry in Seto, Japan', Regional Studies 31(2):117-29.
150. Jacobs, J. (1961) The Death and Life of Great American Cities, New York: Random House.
151. Jacobs, J. (1969) The Economy of Cities, New York: Random House.
152. Jaffe, A. and Trajtenberg, M. (1996) 'Flows of knowledge from universities and federal labs: modeling the flows of patent citations over time and across institutional and geographic boundaries', National Bureau of Economic Research Working Paper 5712, Cambridge, Mass.: NBER.
153. Jaffe, A., Trajtenberg, M. and Henderson, R. (1993) 'Geographic localization of knowledge spillovers as evidenced by patent citations', Quarterly Journal of Economics 108:577-98.
154. Kelley, M. and Helper, S. (1999) 'Firm size and capabilities, regional agglomeration, and the adoption of new technology', Economics of Innovation and New Technology 8:79-103.
155. Kenney, M. and Florida, R. (1993) Beyond Mass Production, New York: Oxford University Press.
156. Kenney, M. and Florida, R. (2000) 'Introduction', in M.Kenney (ed.) Understanding Silicon Valley: The Anatomy of an Entrepreneurial Region, Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press.
157. Kim, S. (1995) 'Expansion of markets and the geographic distribution of economic activities: the trends in US regional manufacturing structure, 1860-1987', Quarterly Journal of Economics 110:881-908.
158. Knorringa, P. (1996) Economics of Collaboration: Indian Shoemakers Between Markets and Hierarchy, New Delhi: Sage.
159. Kotval, Z. and Mullin, J. (1998) 'The potential for planning an industrial cluster in Barre, Vermont: a case of 'hard rock' resistance in the granite industry', Planning Practice & Research 13(3):311-18.
160. Krugman, P. (1980) 'Scale economies, product differentiation and the pattern of trade', Journal of International Economics 9:469-79.
161. Krugman, P. (1991a) Geography and Trade, Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press.
162. Krugman, P. (1991b) 'Increasing returns and economic geography', Journal of Political Economy 99:483-99.
163. Krugman, P. (1993a) 'On the number and location of cities', European Economic Review 37:293-8.
164. Krugman, P. (1993b) 'Lessons of Massachusetts for EMU', in F.Torres and F.Giavzzi (eds) Adjustment and Growth in the European Monetary Union, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
165. Krugman, P. (1998) 'What's new about the new economic geography?', Oxford Review of Economic Policy 14(2):7-17.
166. Krugman, P. (2000) 'Where in the world is the "new economic geography"?', in G.Clark, M.Feldman and M.Gertler (eds) The Oxford Handbook of Economic Geography, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
167. Krugman, P. and Venables, A. (1990) 'Integration and the competitiveness of peripheral industry', in C.Bliss and J.Braga de Macedo (eds) Unity with Diversity in the European Economy, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
168. Lagendijk, A. (1999) 'Learning in non-core regions: towards intelligent clusters addressing business and regional needs', in R.Rutten, S.Bakkers, K.Morgan and F.Boekem (eds) Learning Regions: Theory, Policy and Practice, Cheltenham: Edward Elgar.
169. Lamming, R. (1993) Beyond Partnership: Strategies for Innovation and Lean Supply, London: Prentice Hall.
170. Leamer, E. and Storper, M. (2001) 'The economic geography of the internet age', National Bureau of Economic Research Working Paper 8450, Cambridge, Mass.: NBER.
171. Lever-Tracy, C. (1992) 'Interpersonal trust in ethnic business-traditional, modern or postmodern?' Policy Organisation and Society 5(Winter):50-63.
172. Levy, B. and Kuo, W-J. (1991) 'The strategic orientation of firms and the performance of Korea and Taiwan in frontier industries: lessons from comparative case studies of keyboard and personal computer assembly', World Development 19:363-74.
173. Liedholm, C. and Mead, D. (1999) Small Enterprise and Economic Development. The Dynamics of Micro and Small Enterprises, London: Routledge.
174. Lloyd, P. and Dicken, P. (1977) Location in Space: A Theoretical Approach to Economic Geography, 2nd edn, London: Harper and Row.
175. Longhi, C. (1999) 'Networks, collective learning and technology development in innovative high technology regions: the case of Sophia-Antipolis', Regional Studies (4):333-42.
176. Lorentzen, M. and Mahnke, V. (2002) 'Global strategy and the acquisition of local knowledge: how MNCs enter regional knowledge clusters', Working Paper 02-08, University of Aalborg: Danish Research Unit for Industrial Dynamics.
177. Lorenz, E.H. (1988) 'Neither friends nor strangers: informal networks of subcontractors in French engineering', in D.Gambetta (ed.) Trust: Making and Breaking Cooperative Relations, New York: Blackwell.
178. Luhmann, N. (1988) 'Familiarity, confidence, trust: problems and alternatives', in D.Gambetta (ed.) Trust: Making and Breaking Cooperative Relations, New York: Blackwell.
179. Lundvall, B.-Å. and Johnson, B. (1994) 'The learning economy', Journal of Industry Studies 1:23-42.
180. Lundvall, B.-Å. and Johnson, B. (eds) (1992) National Systems of Innovation, London: Frances Pinter.
181. Macaulay, S. (1963) 'Non-contractual relations in business: a preliminary study', American Sociological Review 28(1):55-67.
182. Mackie, J. (1992) 'Overseas Chinese entrepreneurship', Asian-Pacific Economic Literature 6(1):41-64.
183. Malecki, E. and Tootle, D. (1996) 'The role of networks in small firm competitiveness', International Journal of Technology Management 11(1/2):43-57.
184. Malmberg, A. and Maskell, P. (2002) 'The elusive concept of localization economies: towards a knowledge-based theory of spatial clustering', Environment and Planning A 34:429-49.
185. Malmberg, A., Malmberg, B. and Lundequist, P. (2000) 'Agglomeration and firm performance: economies of scale, localisation, and urbanisation among Swedish export firms', Environment and Planning A 32:305-21.
186. Markusen, A. (1996) 'Sticky places in slippery space: a typology of industrial districts', Economic Geography 72(3):293-313.
187. Marshall, A. (1890) Principles of Economics, 1st edn, London: Macmillan and Co.
188. Marshall, A. (1923) Industry and Trade, 4th edn, London: Macmillan and Co.
189. Marshall, A. (1927) Principles of Economics, 8th edn, London: Macmillan and Co.
190. Martin, P. (2001) 'The limits of outsourcing', Financial Times, 25 September.
191. Martin, R. (1999) 'The new "geographical turn" in economics: some critical reflections', Cambridge Journal of Economics 23:51-81.
192. Martin, R. and Sunley, P. (1996) 'Paul Krugman's geographical economics and its implications for regional development theory: a critical assessment', Economic Geography 72:259-92.
193. Martin, R. and Sunley, P. (2003) 'Deconstructing clusters: chaotic concept or policy panacea?', Jounrnal of Economic Geography 3:5-35.
194. Martin, R. and Tyler, P. (2000) 'Regional employment evolutions in the European Union: a preliminary analysis', Regional Studies 34:601-16.
195. Maskell, P (1998) 'Learning in the village economy of Denmark: the role of insti-tutions and policy in sustaining competitiveness', in H.-J.Braczyk, P.Cooke and M.Heidenreich (eds) Regional Innovation Systems, London: UCL Press.
196. Maskell, P., Eskelin, H., Hannibalsson, I., Malmberg, A. and Vatne, E. (1998) Competitiveness Localised Learning and Regional Development, London: Routledge.
197. Massey, D., Quintas, P. and Weild, D. (1992) High Tech Fantasies: Science Parks in Society, London: Routledge.
198. Mathews, J. and Cho, D.-S. (2000) Tiger Technology: The Creation of a Semiconductor Industry in East Asia, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
199. Maurel, F. and Sedillot, B. (1999) 'A measure of the geographic concentration in French manufacturing industries', Regional Science and Urban Economics 29(5):575-604.
200. May, W., Mason, C. and Pinch, S. (2001) 'Explaining industrial agglomeration: the case of the British high-fidelity industry', Geoforum 32(3):363-76.
201. McCann, P. (1997) 'How deeply embedded is Silicon Glen? A cautionary note', Regional Studies 31(7):695-703.
202. McCann, P. (1998) The Economics of Industrial Location: A Logistics-Costs Approach, Heidelberg: Springer.
203. McCann, P. (2001) Urban and Regional Economics, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
204. McCormick, D. (1999) 'African enterprise clusters and industrialization: theory and reality', World Development 27:1531-51.
205. McGrath, M. and Hoole, R. (1992) 'Manufacturing's new economies of scale', Harvard Business Review May-June:94-102.
206. Micklethwait, J. and Wooldridge, A. (1997) The Witch Doctors, London: Mandarin.
207. Miles, R. and Snow, C. (1992) 'Causes of failure in network organizations', California Management Review 34(4):53-72.
208. Mitullah, W. (1999) Lake Victoria's Nile Perch industry: institutions, politics and joint action', Institute of Developing Studies Working Paper 87, Brighton: University of Sussex.
209. Mogridge, M. and Parr, J. (1997) 'Metropolis or region: on the structure and development of London', Regional Studies 31:97-115.
210. Morgan, K. (1997) 'The learning region: institutions, innovation and regional renewal', Regional Studies 31(5):491-503.
211. Moulaert, F. and Djellal, F. (1995) 'Information technology consulting firms: economies of agglomeration from a wide area perspective', Urban Studies 32:105-22.
212. Nadvi, K. (1999) 'Collective efficiency and collective failure: the response of the Sialkot surgical instrument cluster to global quality pressures', World Development 27:1605-26.
213. Neary, J. (2001) 'Of hypes and hyperbolas: introducing the new economic geography', Journal of Economic Literature XXXIX:536-51.
214. Newlands, D. (2003) 'Competition and cooperation in industrial clusters: the implications for public policy', European Planning Studies 11(5):521-32.
215. Numazaki, I. (1993) 'Tainanbang: the rise and growth of a banana-bunch-shaped business group in Taiwan', The Developing Economies XXXI(4):485-510.
216. Nuti, F. and Cainelli, G. (1996) 'Changing directions in Italy's manufacturing industrial districts: the case of the Emilian footwear districts of Fusignano and San Mauro Pascoli', Journal of Industry Studies 3(2):105-18.
217. Oakey, R. (1995) High Technology Small Firms: Innovation and Regional Development in Britain and the United States, London: Pinter.
218. Oakey, R., Faulkner, W., Cooper, S. and Walsh, V. (1990) New Firms in the Biotechnology Industry: Their Contribution to Innovation and Growth, London: Pinter.
219. Oakey, R., Kipling, M. and Wildgust, S. (2001) 'Clustering among firms in the nonbroadcast visual communications (NBVC) sector', Regional Studies 35(5):401-14.
220. OECD (2000) OECD Employment Outlook 2000, Paris: OECD.
221. Ohlin, B. (1933) Interregional and lnternal Trade, Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press.
222. O'Malley, E. and van Egeraat, C. (2000) 'Industry clusters and Irish indigenous manufacturing: limits of the Porter view', Economic and Social Review 31(4):55-80.
223. OTA (Office of Technology Assessment) (1984) Commercial Biotechnology: An International Analysis, Washington, DC: Government Printing Office.
224. Ottaviano, G. and Puga, D. (1997) 'Agglomeration in the global economy: a survey of the "New Economic Geography'", Centre for Economic Performance Discussion Paper 356, London: London School of Economics and Political Science.
225. Paija, L. (2001) 'The ICT cluster: the engine of knowledge-driven growth in Finland', in P.den Hertog, E.Bergman and D.Charles (eds) Innovative Clusters: Drivers of National Innovation Systems, Paris: OECD.
226. Pakes, A. and Griliches, Z. (1984) 'Patents and R&D at the firm level: a first look', in Z.Griliches (ed.) R&D, Patents and Productivity, Chicago: Chicago University Press.
227. Panditharatna, A. and Phelps, N. (1995) 'A new industry in an older industrial region: skills, technology and linkages', Local Economy 9(4):341-53.
228. Paniccia, I. (2002) Industrial Districts Evolution and Competitiveness in Italian Firms, Cheltenham: Edward Elgar.
229. Park, S.O. (1996) 'Networks and embeddedness in the dynamic types of new industrial districts', Progress in Human Geography 20:81-104.
230. Parr, J. (2002a) 'Agglomeration economies: ambiguities and confusions', Environment and Planning A 34:717-31.
231. Parr, J. (2002b) 'The location of economic activity: central place theory and the wider urban system', in P.McCann (ed.) Industrial Location Economics, Cheltenham: Edward Elgar.
232. Peck, J. (2000) 'Doing regulation', in G.Clark, M.Feldman and M.Gertler (eds) The Oxford Handbook of Economic Geography, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
233. Pedersen, P. (1997) 'Clusters of enterprises within systems of production and distribution: collective efficiency and transaction costs', in M.P.van Dijk and R.Rabellotti (eds) Enterprise Clusters and Networks in Developing Countries, London: Frank Cass.
234. Perry, M. (1995) 'Industry structures, networks and joint action groups', Regional Studies 29(3):208-17.
235. Perry, M. (1999) Small Firms and Network Economies, London: Routledge.
236. Perry, M. (2001) Shared Trust Strategies for Small Industrial Countries, Wellington: Institute of Policy Studies, Victoria University of Wellington.
237. Perry, M. (2003) 'Bank Rakyat Indonesia', Agenda for Local Economic Development 52 (February):9-10.
238. Perry, M. (2004a) 'Earthquake Engineering New Zealand', Agenda for Local Economic Development 66(April):9-10.
239. Perry, M. (2004b) 'Softopia, Japan', Agenda for Local Economic Development 67(May): 9-10.
240. Perry, M. (2004c) 'Creative Capital, New Zealand', Agenda for Local Economic Development 68(June):9-10.
241. Perry, M. and Newell, J. (2004) 'Regional labour markets' in P.Spoonley, A.Dupuis and A.de Bruin (eds) Work & Working in Twenty-First Century New Zealand, Palmerston North: Dunmore Press.
242. Perry, M. and Tan B.H. (1998) 'Global manufacturing and local linkage in Singapore', Environment and Planning A 30:1603-24.
243. Perry, M. and Tan B.H. (2000) 'Subcontracting for transnationals: buyer-supplier interaction in Singapore's electronics cluster', Journal of Asian Business 16(3):27-50.
244. Peschel, K. (1982) 'International trade, integration and industrial location', Regional Science and Urban Economics 12:247-69.
245. Peters, E. and Hood, N. (2000) 'Implementing the cluster approach', International Studies of Management & Organization 30(2):68-92.
246. Phelps, N. (1993) 'Contemporary industrial restructuring and linkage change in an older industrial region: examples from the northeast of England', Environment and Planning A 25:863-82.
247. Phelps, N. (1996) 'Collaborative buyer-supplier relations and the formation of centralised networks', Geoforum 27(3):393-407.
248. Pinch, S. and Henry, N. (1999) 'Paul Krugman's geographical economics, industrial clustering and the British motor sport industry', Regional Studies 33(9):815-27.
249. Pinch, S., Henry, N., Jenkins, M. and Tallman, S. (2003) 'From "industrial districts" to "knowledge clusters": a model of knowledge dissemination and competitive advantage in industrial agglomerations', Journal of Economic Geography 3:373-88.
250. Poot, H., Kuyvenhoven, A. and Jansen, J. (1990) Industrialization and Trade in Indonesia, Yogyakarta: Gadjah Mada University Press.
251. Porter, M. (1990) The Competitive Advantage of Nations, New York: Free Press.
252. Porter, M. (1998) 'Clusters and the new economics of competition', Harvard Business Review 76(6):77-90.
253. Porter, M. (2000) 'Locations, clusters and company strategy', in G.Clark, M.Feldman and M.Gertler (eds) The Oxford Handbook of Economic Geography, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
254. Porter, M. (2003) 'The economic performance of regions', Regional Studies 37(6-7): 549-78.
255. Prevezer, M. (1998) 'Clustering in biotechnology in the USA', in G.Swann, M.Prevezer and D.Stout (eds) The Dynamics of Industrial Clustering: International Comparisons in Computing and Biotechnology, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
256. Rabellotti, R. (1999) 'Recovery of a Mexican cluster: devaluation bonanza or collective efficiency?', World development 27:1571-85.
257. Raines, P. (2002) Cluster Development and Policy, Aldershot: Ashgate.
258. Rao, H. and Drazin, R. (2002) 'Overcoming resource constraints on product innovation by recruiting talent from rivals: a study of the mutual fund industry, 1986-1994', Academy of Management Journal 45:215-40.
259. Richardson, H. (1995) 'Economies and diseconomies of agglomeration', in H. Giersch (ed.) Urban Agglomeration and Economic Growth, Berlin: Springer.
260. Rimmer, P. (2003) 'The spatial impact of innovations in international sea and air transport since 1960', in L.S.Chia (ed.) Southeast Asia Transformed: A Geography of Change, Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies.
261. Robertson, P. and Langlois, R. (1995) 'Innovation, networks and vertical integration', Research Policy 24:543-62.
262. Robins, F. (1998) 'Taiwan's economic success', in K.Sheridan (ed.) Emerging Economic Systems in Asia, St Leonards: Allen & Unwin.
263. Romer, P. (1986) 'Increasing returns and long run growth', Journal of Political Economy 94:1002-37.
264. Rosenfeld, S. (2003) 'Expanding opportunities: cluster strategies that reach more people and more places', European Planning Studies 11(4):359-77.
265. Rousseau, D., Sitkin, S., Burt, R. and Camerer, C. (1998) 'Not so different after all: a cross-discipline view of trust', Academy of Management Review 23(3):393-404.
266. Sabel, C. (1992) 'Studied trust: building new forms of co-operation in a volatile economy', in F.Pyke and W.Sengenberger (eds) Industrial Districts and Local Economic Regeneration, Geneva: International Institute for Labour Studies.
267. Sabel, C. (1994) 'Learning by monitoring: the institutions of economic development', in N.Smelser and R.Swedberg (eds) The Handbook of Economic Sociology, Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
268. Sabel, C., Herrigel, G., Deeg, R. and Kazis, R. (1989) 'Regional prosperities compared: Massachusetts and Baden-Württemberg in the 1980s', Economy and Society 18:374-404.
269. Sako, M. (1992) Prices, Quality and Trust: Inter-firm Relations in Britain and Japan, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
270. Sandee, H. (1998) 'Promoting small-scale and cottage industry clusters in Indonesia', Small Enterprise Development 9:52-8.
271. Sandee, H. (2002) 'SMEs in Southeast Asia: issues and constraints', in C.Harvie and B.-C.Lee (eds) Globalisation and SMEs in East Asia, Cheltenham: Edward Elgar.
272. Sandee, H. and Ibrahim, B. (2001) 'Evaluation of SME export promotion in Indonesia', SME Development Technical Assistance Background Report, Jakarta: Asian Development Bank.
273. Sandee, H. and ter Wengel, J. (2002) 'SME cluster development strategies in Indonesia', paper presented at JICA workshop on strengthening capacity of SME clusters in Indonesia, Jakarta, 5-6 March.
274. Sandee, H. and Weijland, H. (1989) 'Rural cottage industry in transition: the roof tile industry in Kabupaten Boyolali, Central Java', Bulletin of Indonesian Economic Studies 25:79-98.
275. Sandee, H., Andadari, R.K., Sulandjari, S. (2000) 'Small firm development during good times and bad: the Jepara furniture industry', in C.Manning and P.van Dierman (eds) Indonesia in Transition, London: Zed Books.
276. Sato, Y. (2000) 'Linkage formation by small firms: the case of a rural cluster in Indonesia', Bulletin of Indonesian Economic Studies 36:135-64.
277. Save the Children Fund (1997) Stitching Football: Voices of Children, London: Save the Children Fund.
278. Saxenian, A. (1994) Regional Advantage: Culture and Competition in Silicon Valley and Route 128, Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press.
279. Sayer, A. and Walker, R. (1992) The New Social Economy, Oxford: Blackwell.
280. Schiller, J. and Martin-Schiller, B. (1997) 'Market, culture and state in the emergence of an Indonesian export furniture industry', Journal of Asian Business 13:1-23.
281. Schmitz, H. (1995a) 'Collective efficiency: growth path for small-scale industry', Journal of Development Studies 31:529-66.
282. Schmitz, H. (1995b) 'Small shoemakers and fordist giants: tale of a supercluster', World Development 23:9-28.
283. Schmitz, H. (1997) 'Collective efficiency and increasing returns', Institute of Developing Studies Working Paper 50, Brighton: University of Sussex.
284. Schmitz, H. (1999) 'Global competition and local cooperation: success and failure in the Sinos Valley, Brazil', World Development 27:1627-50.
285. Schmitz, H. and Nadvi, K. (1999) 'Clustering and industrialization: introduction', World Development 27:1503-14.
286. Schonberger, R. (1986) World Class Manufacturing: The Lessons of Simplicity Applied, New York: Free Press.
287. Scitovsky, T. (1954) 'Two concepts of external economies', Journal of Political Economy 62:143-51.
288. Scott, A. (1988) New Industrial Spaces: Flexible Production, Organization and Regional Development in North America and Western Europe, London: Pion.
289. Scott, A. and Storper, M. (1992) 'Industrialization and regional development', in M.Storper and A.Scott (eds) Pathways to Industrialization and Regional Development, London: Routledge.
290. Sforzi, F. (1990) 'The quantitative importance of Marshallian industrial districts in the Italian economy', in F.Pyke, G.Becattini and W.Sengenberger (eds) Industrial Districts and Inter-Firm Co-operation in Italy, Geneva: International Institute for Labour Studies.
291. Shapiro, S. (1987) 'The social control of impersonal trust', American Journal of Sociology 93(3):623-58.
292. Sharp, M. (1990) 'European countries in science-based competition: the case of biotechnology', in D.Hague (ed.) The Management of Science, Basingstoke: Macmillan.
293. Sharp, M. (1999) 'The science of nations: European multinationals and American biotechnology', Biotechnology 1(1):132-62.
294. Silverstone, B., Bollard, A. and Lattimore, R. (eds) (1996) A Study of Economic Reform: The Case of New Zealand, Amsterdam: Elsevier.
295. Sölvell, Ö., Lindquist, G. and Ketels, C. (2003) The Cluster Initiative Greenbook, Stockholm: Ivory Tower AB.
296. Sorenson, O. and Audia, P. (2000) 'The social structure of entrepreneurial activity: geographic concentration of footwear production in the United States, 1940-1989', American Journal of Sociology 106(2):424-62.
297. Staber, U. (2001) 'Spatial proximity and firm survival in a declining industrial district: the case of knitwear firms in Baden-Württemberg', Regional Studies 35(4):329-42.
298. Steiner, M. (2001) 'Clustering and economic change: new policy orientations-the case of Styria', in B.Johansson, C.Karlsson and R.Stough (eds) Theories of Endogenous Regional Growth, Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag.
299. Stelder, D. (2002) 'Geographical grids in "new economic geography" models', in P.McCann (ed.) Industrial Location Economics, Cheltenham: Edward Elgar.
300. Storper, M. (1995) 'The resurgence of regional economies, ten years later: the region as a nexus of untraded interdependencies', European Urban and Regional Studies 2 (3):191-221
301. Stuart, T. and Sorenson, O. (2003) 'The geography of opportunity: spatial heterogeneity in founding rates and the performance of biotechnology firms', Research Policy 32:229-53.
302. Suchman, M. (2000) 'Dealmakers and counselors: law firms as intermediaries in the development of Silicon Valley', in M.Kenney (ed.) Understanding Silicon Valley: The Anatomy of an Entrepreneurial Region, Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press.
303. Sudjic, D. (1992) The 100 Mile City, London: André Deutsch.
304. Swann, G. (1998) 'Towards a model of clustering in high technology industries', in G.Swann, M.Prevezer and D.Stout (eds) The Dynamics of Industrial Clustering: International Comparisons in Computing and Biotechnology, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
305. Swann, G., Prevezer, M. and Stout, D. (eds) (1998) The Dynamics of Industrial Clustering: International Comparisons in Computing and Biotechnology, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
306. Thee, K.W. (1994) 'Indonesia' in S.D.Meyanathan (ed.) Industrial Structures and the Development of Small and Medium Enterprise Linkages: Examples from East Asia, Washington, DC: Economic Development Institute of the World Bank.
307. Thee, K.W. (1997) 'The development of the motorcycle industry in Indonesia', in M. Pangestu and Y.Sato (eds) Waves of Change in Indonesia's Manufacturing Industry, Tokyo: Institute of Developing Economies.
308. Tarnbunan, T. (2005) 'Promoting small and medium enterprises with a clustering approach: a policy experience from Indonesia', Journal of Small Business Management 43(2):138-54.
309. Toms, S. and Filatotchev, I. (2003) 'Networks, corporate governance and the decline of the Lancashire textile industry, 1860-1980', in J.Wilson and A.Popp (eds) Industrial Clusters and Regional Business Networks in England, 1750-1970, Aldershot: Ashgate.
310. Turok, I. (1995) 'Multinational/supplier linkages in the Scottish electronics industry', in F.Chittenden, M.Robertson and I.Marshall (eds) Small Firms: Partnerships for Growth, London; Paul Chapman.
311. Turok, I. (2003) 'Cities, clusters and creative industries: the case of film and television in Scotland', European Planning Studies 11(5):549-65.
312. Tyler, P. and Kitson, M. (1987) 'Geographical variations in transport costs of manufacturing firms in Great Britain', Urban Studies 24:61-73.
313. UNIDO (2000) 'Cluster development and promotion of business development services: UNIDO's experience in India', Private Sector Development Branch Working Paper 6, Vienna: Investment Promotion and Institutional Capacity Building Division, UNIDO.
314. US Census Bureau (2002) Annual Survey of Manufacturers, Washington, DC: Bureau of the Census, US Department of Commerce.
315. van den Berg, L., Braun, E. and van Winden, W. (2001) 'Growth clusters in European cities: an integral approach', Urban Studies 12(3):52-60.
316. van Dijk, M.P. and Rabellotti, R. (eds) (1997) Enterprise Clusters and Networks in Developing Countries, London: Frank Cass.
317. Vernon, R. and Hoover, E. (1959) Anatomy of a Metropolis, Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press.
318. Watts, H., Wood, A. and Wardle, P. (2003) '"Making "Making friends or making things?": interfirm transactions in the Sheffield metal-working cluster', Urban Studies 40(3):615-30.
319. Weijland, H. (1994) 'Trade networks for flexible rural industry', in P.O.Pedersen, A.Sverrisson and M.P.van Dijk (eds) Flexible Specialization: The Dynamics of Small-Scale Industries in the South, London: Intermediate Technology Publications.
320. Weijland, H. (1999) 'Microenterprise clusters in rural Indonesia: industrial seedbed and policy target', World Development 27:1515-30.
321. Weinstein, B. (2001) 'Regional growth theories and local economic development: some case studies', in B.Johansson, C.Karlsson and R.Stough (eds) Theories of Endogenous Regional Growth: Lessons for Regional Policies, Berlin: Springer-Verlag.
322. Whitley, R (1999) Divergent Capitalisms: The Social Structuring and Change of Business Systems, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
323. Wilkie, T. (1991) British Science and Politics Since 1945, Oxford: Blackwell.
324. Williamson, O.E. (1975) Markets and Hierarchies: Analysis and Antitrust Implications, New York: The Free Press.
325. Williamson, O.E. (1979) 'Transaction cost economics: the governance of contractual relations', Journal of Law and Economics 22:233-61.
326. Williamson, O.E. (1991) 'Comparative economic organization: the analysis of discrete structural alternatives', Administrative Science Quarterly 36:269-96.
327. Williamson, O.E. (1994) 'Transaction cost economics and organization theory', in N.Smelser and R.Swedberg (eds) The Handbook of Economic Sociology, Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
328. Wilson, J. and Popp, A. (eds) (2003) Industrial Clusters and Regional Business Networks in England, 1750-1970, Aldershot: Ashgate.
329. Wilson, J. and Singleton, J. (2003) 'The Manchester industrial district, 1750-1939: clustering, networking and performance', in J.Wilson and A.Popp (eds) Industrial Clusters and Regional Business Networks in England, 1750-1970, Aldershot: Ashgate.
330. Womack, J., Jones, D. and Ross, D. (1990) The Machine that Changed the World, New York: Harper Perennial.
331. Wong, P.K. (1995) 'Competing in the global electronics industry: a comparative study of the innovation networks of Singapore and Taiwan', Journal of Industry Studies 2(2):35-61.
332. Wood, S. (2002) 'Organisational performance and manufacturing practices', in D.Holman, T.Wall, C.Clegg, P.Sparrow and A.Howard (eds) The New Workplace A Guide to the Human Impact of Modern Working Practices, Chichester: John Wiley & Sons.
333. Wright, P. and Gardner, T. (2003) 'The human resource-firm performance relationship: methodological and theoretical challenges', in D.Holman, T.Wall, C. Clegg, P.Sparrow and A.Howard (eds) The New Workplace: A Guide to the Human Impact of Modern Working Practices, Chichester: John Wiley & Sons.
334. Yetton, P., Craig, J., Davis, J. and Hilmer, F. (1992) 'Are diamonds a country's best friend? A critique of Porter's theory of national competition as applied to Canada, New Zealand and Australia', Australian Journal of Management 17(1):1-32.
335. Zeitlin, J. (1992) 'Industrial districts and local economic regeneration': overview and comment', in F.Pyke and W.Sengenberger (eds) Industrial Districts and Local Economic Regeneration, Geneva: Independent Labour Organization.
336. Zeitlin, J. and Herrigel, G. (eds) (2000) Americanization and its Limits-Reworking US Technology and Management in Post-war Europe and Japan, Oxford: Oxford University Press.